identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03848780F8551B40FF77417B81C9FF51.text	03848780F8551B40FF77417B81C9FF51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroeupatorium King & Robinson 1970	<div><p>Key to Uruguayan species of Austroeupatorium</p><p>1. Leaf bases cuneate, laminas conspicuously decurrent along petioles; involucres cylindrical; capitula with up to 15 florets; carpopodia as long as wide; style bases pubescent .............................................................................. Austroeupatorium inulifolium</p><p>- Leaf bases attenuate or acute, laminas not decurrent along petioles or inconspicuously so; involucres campanulate; capitula with over 20 florets; carpopodia longer than wide; style bases papillate...................................................................................................2</p><p>2. Glandular trichomes absent on stems, leaves and phyllaries; leaves glabrescent with a single prominent vein on the abaxial surface................................................................................................................................................... Austroeupatorium laetevirens</p><p>- Glandular trichomes present on stems, leaves and phyllaries; leaves visibly pubescent with three prominent veins on the abaxial surface.................................................................................................................................................. Austroeupatorium steviifolium</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03848780F8551B40FF77417B81C9FF51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mailhos, Ary;Cosse, Mariana;Pérez, Camilo;Bonifacino, José Mauricio	Mailhos, Ary, Cosse, Mariana, Pérez, Camilo, Bonifacino, José Mauricio (2025): Taxonomic revision of Austroeupatorium (Compositae, Eupatorieae) in Uruguay: new records and a new combination. Phytotaxa 683 (2): 119-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3
03848780F8561B4AFF77474F80FBFD0C.text	03848780F8561B4AFF77474F80FBFD0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth 1818) King & Robinson 1970	<div><p>Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth) King &amp; Robinson (1970: 434) . Eupatorium inulifolium Kunth (1818: 85),</p><p>as “inulaefolium”. Type:— Colombia. Mariquita, June 1801, F.W.H.A. Humboldt &amp; A.J.A. Bonpland (holotype, P</p><p>[P00320054!]). (Fig. 1; Fig. 2 A, D)</p><p>= Eupatorium molle Kunth (1818: 85), nom. illeg., non Swartz (1788: 111). Type:— Colombia. Mariquita, June 1801, F.W.H.A. Humboldt &amp; A.J.A. Bonpland (holotype, P [P00320055!]).</p><p>= Eupatorium suaveolens Kunth (1818: 86) . Eupatorium inulifolium f. suaveolens (Kunth) Hieronymus (1901: 572), as “inulaefolium”. Type:— Colombia. Near Santa Ana, Mariquita, Ibagué, 1801, F.W.H.A. Humboldt &amp; A.J.A. Bonpland (holotype, P [P00320056!]).</p><p>= Eupatorium pallescens Candolle (1836: 154) . Type:— Brazil. Minas Gerais, Sabará, 1833, A.C. Vauthier 273 (holotype, P [P00742447!]; isotypes, G-DC [G00494200!], GH [GH00007873!]).</p><p>= Eupatorium pallescens var. hirsutum Candolle (1836: 154) . Type:— Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul, 1833, F. Sellow, Herb. Imp. Bras. 789 (holotype, P [P02476510!]; isotype, G-DC [G00494201!]).</p><p>= Eupatorium pallidum Hooker &amp; Arnott (1836: 241) . Eupatorium pallescens var. bonariense Candolle (1838: 269) . Type:— Argentina. Buenos Aires, J. Tweedie (lectotype, E [E00249932!], designated by Grossi [2014: 311]; isolectotype, G-DC [G00465963!]).</p><p>= Eupatorium paranense Hooker &amp; Arnott (1836: 241) . Type:— Argentina. Buenos Aires, J. Tweedie (lectotype, E [E00249924!], designated by Grossi [2014: 311]).</p><p>= Eupatorium entreriense Hieronymus (1897: 767) . Austroeupatorium entreriense (Hieron.) King &amp; Robinson (1970: 434) . Type:— Argentina. Entre Ríos, Concepción del Uruguay, June 1877, P.G. Lorentz 1038 (syntypes, B†, negative F [F0 BN016257!], CORD [CORD00005333!, CORD00005334!, CORD00005335!, CORD00005336!], GH [GH00007652!], S [S-R-9001!]).</p><p>Subshrubs (0.5–) 1–2 m tall, stems erect, distally branched, cylindrical, pubescent and glandular. Leaves opposite, sometimes subopposite or alternate in inflorescences, 53–110 x 17–38 mm, petioles 6–21 mm long, laminas ovate or narrowly ovate, entire, base cuneate and decurrent along the petiole, apex acute or obtuse, laxly pubescent on the adaxial surface, pubescent and glandular on the abaxial surface, with three prominent veins from or near the base, herbaceous, slightly discolorous, margin subentire or serrate, slightly revolute. Capitula homogamous, numerous, grouped in terminal corymbiform capitulescences, peduncles 1–4.5 mm long, pubescent and glandular, with ascending trichomes, bracts 0 to 2 on peduncles, narrowly oblong. Involucres 5–6.5 x 2–2.5 mm, cylindrical, subimbricate, phyllaries in 3 or 4 series; outer phyllaries ovate, base obtuse, apex rounded, pubescent and glandular, membranaceous, margin undifferentiated, ciliate; inner phyllaries narrowly obovate, base attenuate, apex rounded, pubescent at the apex, membranous, margin membranous, ciliate. Receptacles epaleate, flat or somewhat convex, scrobiculate. Florets 11 to 13, perfect; corollas tubulose, funnelform, 3.8–4.4 mm long, white, glandular at the base, lobes 5, 0.4–0.5 mm long, broadly ovate, externally glandular; anther collars oblong, anthers 1.3–1.6 mm long, base obtuse, connective appendage ovate, apex rounded; styles 5.6–7.2 mm long, base straight, pubescent, style branches 2.9–3.7 mm long, filiform, papillate, stigmatic surfaces 1–1.3 mm long, sterile appendage 1.8–2.3 mm long. Cypselae 1.8–2.7 mm long, obpyramidal, 5-nerved, surfaces glandular or glabrous, black; carpopodia symmetric-cylindrical, about as long as wide, 0.2–0.3 mm long with subquadrate and oblong cells. Pappus 2.3–2.8 mm long, composed of 33 to 45 white, scabrid bristles, arranged in 1 series.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Neotropical, from Central America to northern and eastern Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay (Grossi 2014, Robinson 2018), where it is found throughout the country (Fig. 3). Within Uruguay it grows in humid fields, adjacent to rivers and streams, in forest margins and clearings, and in disturbed sites such as railways and roadsides.</p><p>Common name: —”Mariposera blanca”.</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering from late January to early May; fruiting from late February to May.</p><p>Notes: — Austroeupatorium inulifolium was first reported for Uruguay by Gibert (1873) (under Eupatorium pallescens). It is a very conspicuous species during its flowering season due to its abundance across most of the country and its perfumed flowers.</p><p>Specimens examined: — URUGUAY. Artigas: Cuareim, March 1902, M.B. Berro 1581 (MVFA). Cuareim, 8 March 1903, M.B. Berro 2525 (MVFA). Camino a San Gregorio, 30°32’36.60’’S, 57°49’27.20’’W, 22 March 2017, C. Pérez et al. 187 (MVFA). Canelones: Toledo, s.d., J. Chebataroff 2105, 5009 (MVJB). Campos de La Paz, March 1925, L. Marchesi s.n. (MVJB 1106, 10558). Ibid., L. Marchesi s.n. (MVJB 10558). Balneario Argentino, 34°47’31.50’’S, 55°26’56.10’’W, 30 March 2015, F. Haretche 862 (MVJB 29476). Colonia: S.loc ., April 1926, G. Herter s.n. (MVMHerb. Osten 18889, 18890). El Caño, April 1926, G. Herter s.n. (MVM-Herb. Osten 18878, 18891). Nueva Palmira, April 1926, G. Herter s.n. (MVM-Herb. Osten 18856, 18892).Arroyo San Juan, April 1947, A. Lombardo 3949 (MVJB 10419). Ibid., A. Lombardo 3984 (MVJB 10518). Ibid., A. Lombardo 4429 (MVJB 10562). Carmelo, 18 January 1962, B. Rosengurtt et al. 8580 (MVFA). Nueva Helvecia, 28 March 1963, O. Del Puerto 72 (MVFA). Ruta 1 y arroyo de la Caballada, 27 April 1973, O. Del Puerto &amp; H. Rodríguez s.n. (MVFA 12062). Al NE de Tarariras, 27 April 1973, O. Del Puerto &amp; H. Rodríguez s.n. (MVFA 12064). Carmelo, balneario Zagarzazú, 33°57’57.70’’S, 58°20’03.60’’W, 13 May 2005, C. Brussa et al. s.n. (MVJB 30540). Florida: Isla Mala, March 1934, A. Lombardo 1368 (MVJB 10415); Ibid., A. Lombardo 1369 (MVJB 10416). Fray Marcos, 34°12’52.90’’S, 55°44’35.20’’W, 18 April 2017, C. Pérez et al. 256 (MVFA). Lavalleja: Minas, 30 March 1907, C. Osten 4508 (MVM). Minas, arroyo Campanero, April 1925, A. Lombardo 510 (MVJB 10422). Maldonado: Perdomo, 6 March 1885, C. André s.n. (MVM 2495). Aiguá, Cerro de la Salamanca, 26 March 1939, B. Rosengurtt B-2899 s.n. (MVFA). Sierra de Carapé, Zanja del Tigre, 7 April 2004, L. Dominguez s.n. (MVJB 23149). Montevideo: Toledo Chico, s.d., J. Chebataroff 2562 (MVJB). Barra de Santa Lucía, March 1875, J. Arechavaleta s.n. (MVM 2498). S.loc ., 1878, J.E. Gibert s.n. (MVM 2497). S.loc ., April 1965, A. Lombardo 6095 (MVJB 10418). Parque Lecocq, 23 November 1980, E. Alonso Paz 66 (MVM 2203). Facultad de Agronomía, 10 May 2005, C. Brussa s.n. (MVJB 22446). Paysandú: Agronomía, 21 March 1940, B. Rosengurtt B-3370 (MVFA). Al sur de Estación Quebracho, 12 March 1971, O. Del Puerto &amp; E. Marchesi s.n. (MVFA 10423). Estación experimental M. Cassinoni, 11 May 1973, O. Del Puerto s.n. (MVFA 12080). Río Negro: San Javier, s.d., J. Chebataroff 4572 (MVJB). Cerca de Paso del Puerto, 22–28 March 1964, E. Marchesi 1218 (MVFA). Río Negro y arroyo Yapeyú, campo Vichadero, 12 April 1994, E. Marchesi &amp; M. Vignale (s.n. MVFA 23317). Young, planta de Claldy S.A., 21 March 2006, M. Piaggio s.n. (MVJB 23970). Rivera: Arroyo Curticeiras y vía férrea, 14 March 1962, O. Del Puerto s.n. (MVFA). Paso del Apretado, cuchilla de Cerros Blancos, 26 March 1988, I. Berrutti s.n. (MVFA 20053). Cuchilla Negra, arroyo del Potrero, 31º02’S, 55º48’W, 28 March 1998, J.M. Bonifacino &amp; L. Profumo s.n. (MVFA 28388). Rocha: Entre La Paloma e India Muerta, January 1926, J. Schroeder s.n. (MVM-Herb. Osten 19447). Fortaleza Santa Teresa, March 1938, A. Lombardo 3410 (MVJB 10420). Santa Teresa, 23 March 1966, O. Del Puerto &amp; E. Marchesi 6093 (MVFA). Arroyo Don Carlos, March 1938, A. Lombardo 2907 (MVJB 10421). San Luis, 15 January 1995, L. Delfino s.n. (MVJB 21142). Salto: San Antonio, 22 March 1910, C. Osten 5477 (MVM). Arroyo Valentín Grande y ruta 1, 20 February 1991, s.coll. (MVFA 20129). San José: Rincón de Arazatí, 24 March 1935, D. Legrand 491 (MVM). Barra de Santa Lucía, 12 April 1947, D. Legrand 1982 (MVM). Barra de Santa Lucía, 19 April 1947, D. Legrand 1998 (MVM). Autódromo, 21 April 1964, O. Del Puerto 3372 (MVFA). Desmbocadura del arroyo Cufré, 28 February 1967, O. Lema s.n. (MVFA 6498). Soriano: Mercedes, Cololó, 10 April 1893, C. Osten 3062 (MVM). Vera, 28 March 1900, M.B. Berro 2114 (MVFA). Vera, 20 March 1901, M.B. Berro 2115 (MVFA). San Salvador, 18 March 1908, M.B. Berro 4998 (MVFA). Mercedes, 13 March 1913, M.B. Berro 3031 (MVFA). Vera, April 1915, M.B. Berro 8039 (MVFA). Juan Jackson, estancia Santa Elena, March 1936, B. Rosengurtt B-321 (MVFA). Monzón- Heber, 17 April 1940, A. Gallinal et al. PE-4322 (MVFA). Ruta 14 antes del empalme con la 55, cruce del arroyo del Estaqueadero, 33°14’16.10’’S, 57°19’25.90’’W, 21 March 2017, C. Pérez et al. 126 (MVFA). Tacuarembó: Bañado de Rocha, paso Lambaré, 22–28 March 1921, J. Schroeder s.n. (MVM-Herb. Osten 16072). Paso de los Toros, March 1937, B. Rosengurtt B-1251 (MVFA).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — ARGENTINA. Corrientes: General Paz, 9 April 1972, L. Mroginski et al. 552 (UB 33625). Misiones: San Ignacio, 10 April 1956, J. E. Montes s.n. (UB 33626).— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ca. 27 km SE of Coroaci along highway MG-109, 28 March 1976, G. Davidse et al. 11469 (MO). Paraná: Telémaco Borba, Estrada do BRS, 24º19’48’’S, 50º34’26’’W, 18 April 2009, A. G. Faraco et al. 501 (RB 649144). Rio de Janeiro: Niterói, Itaipu, Maravista, 27 March 2002, T. A. Machado et al. 03 (RB 811413). Rio Grande do Sul: Caxias do Sul, April 1986, G. Grazziotin 1626 (MO). Santa Catarina: Bombinhas, Bairro de Bombas, 05 May 2005, M. G. Caxambu 782 (IBGE 62918). São Paulo: Municipio de Ibiuna, 03 April 1981, K. Mizoguchi 1581 (MO).</p><p>Austroeupatorium laetevirens (Hook. &amp; Arn.) King &amp; Robinson (1970: 434) . Eupatorium laetevirens Hooker &amp; Arnott (1836: 240) . Eupatorium steviifolium var. laetevirens (Hook. &amp;Arn.) Baker in Martius (1876: 319). Syntypes:— Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul, J. Tweedie (E [E00433290!]); S. Brazil, J. Tweedie (K [K000488984!], photo W [W1976- 0014056!]). (Fig. 2 B, E; Fig. 4) = Eupatorium steviifolium var. salicinum Chodat in Chodat &amp; Hassler (1903: 710). Type:— Paraguay. Atyrá “In dumetis”, E. Hassler</p><p>4023 ( lectotype, UC [UC935204!], designated by Grossi [2014: 313]; isolectotypes, G [G00381867!, G00381941!, G00381942!,</p><p>G00381943!], NY [NY00169211!], P [P00742675!, P00742676!, P00742678!], UC [UC944606!]).</p><p>Shrubs 0.6–2 m tall, stems erect, distally branched, cylindrical, pubescent when young, glabrescent or glabrous when mature. Leaves opposite, sometimes subopposite or alternate in inflorescences, 32–88 x 4–13 mm, sessile or subsessile, petioles up to 2 mm long, laminas narrowly elliptic or linear, entire, base acute, apex acute, laxly pubescent on margins and veins on both sides, with a single prominent vein on the abaxial surface, chartaceous, slightly discolorous, margin serrate in the upper 2/3, revolute. Capitula homogamous, numerous, grouped in terminal corymbiform capitulescences, peduncles 2–7 mm long, pubescent, with ascending trichomes, bracts 0 to 2 on peduncles, narrowly oblong. Involucres 4–4.5 x 3–4 mm, campanulate, subimbricate, phyllaries in 3 or 4 series; outer phyllaries narrowly oblong or elliptic, base truncate, apex rounded or obtuse, glabrous, membranaceous, margin undifferentiated, ciliate; inner phyllaries narrowly obovate, base attenuate, apex rounded, shortly pubescent at the apex, membranous, margin membranous, ciliate. Receptacles epaleate, convex, foveolate. Florets 20 to 26, perfect; corollas tubulose, funnelform, 2.7–3.2 mm long, white, glandular at the base, lobes 5, 0.4–0.5 mm long, broadly ovate, externally glandular; anther collars oblong, anthers 0.9–1.2 mm long, base obtuse, connective appendage ovate, apex rounded; styles 3.8–4.8 mm long, base straight, papillate, style branches 2.2–2.7 mm long, filiform, papillate, stigmatic surfaces 1–1.2 mm long, sterile appendage 1–1.7 mm long. Cypselae 1.3–1.8 mm long, obpyramidal, 5-nerved, surfaces glandular, black; carpopodia symmetric-cylindrical, longer than wide, 0.2–0.3 mm long with subquadrate and oblong cells. Pappus 2.3–2.8 mm long, composed of 24 to 29 white, scabrid bristles, arranged in 1 series.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Southern Brazil, northeastern Argentina, Paraguay (Cabrera 1996, Grossi 2014) and northwestern Uruguay, in the Cerro Largo and Rivera departments (Fig. 3). Within Uruguay it is found growing in grasslands on waterlogged soils or acidic wetlands.</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering from late February or March; fruiting from late March.</p><p>Discussion: — Austroeupatorium laetevirens differs from other species of Austroeupatorium by its narrowly elliptic to almost linear leaves with sharply serrate margins, a single prominent vein abaxially, and its glabrescent nature with very sparse indumentum, completely lacking glandular trichomes on stems, leaves and phyllaries.</p><p>Its presence in Uruguay has been known for some time from a single collection (E. Marchesi pers. comm.), and is formally documented here for the first time. During the course of this study, additional unidentified or misidentified specimens of this species were discovered in herbaria, and new collections were also made.</p><p>Austroeupatorium laetevirens has been frequently misidentified as Hatschbachiella tweedieana (Hooker &amp; Arnott 1836: 242) King &amp; Robinson (1972: 394) in herbaria, and vice versa (King &amp; Robinson 1972, 1987). Austroeupatorium laetevirens differs from Hatschabachiella mainly by its sessile or subsessile leaves (vs. distinctly petiolate leaves), glabrescent phyllaries (vs. densely pubescent and glandular phyllaries), and glandular cypselae with elongated carpopodia (vs. setulose and glandular cypselae with annular carpopodia).</p><p>Specimens examined: — URUGUAY. Cerro Largo: Paso Centurión, establecimiento Las Bandurrias, 32°08’31.10’’S, 53°46’37.50’’W, 27 March 2024, A. Mailhos et al. 750 (MVFA). Rivera: Arroyo Sauzal, camino a Portones Negros, 28 March 1985, E. Marchesi et al. s.n. (MVFA 17560). Reserva Batoví, COFUSA, 31º02’05.30’’S, 55º24’48.30’’W, 5 March 2009, C. Brussa &amp; F. Muñoz s.n. (MVJB 28621). Camino de Tranqueras a FYMNSA, 31°06’00.40’’S, 55°44’47.40’’W, 8 March 2018, C. Brussa et al. s.n. (MVJB 31447). Próximo a Batoví Dorado, 31°02’06.60’’S, 55°24’49.60’’W, 21 February 2020, J.M. Bonifacino &amp; L. Majure 6876 (MVFA).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Miguel, 22 April 1982, S. G. Tressens et al. 2074 (ICN 59828). San Martín, Cambá Trapo, 28º32’00’’S, 57º05’00’’W, 26 April 2006, M. M. Arbo et al. 9138 (CTES).— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Fervedouro, Córrego Água Limpa, 26 April 2006, L. S. Leoni et al. 6457 (RB 659074). Paraná: Curitiba, Pinheirinho, 21 March 1962, G. Hatschbach 8912 (RB 118239). Curitiba, Rod. do Xisto, Rio Barigui, 17 March 1971, G. Hatschbach 26526 (MO). Rio Grande do Sul: Cambará do Sul, Itaimbezinho, 11 April 1977, S. Boechat 59 (ICN 43315). Esmeralda, 15 April 1978, L. Arzivenco 20 (ICN 64989). Arroio dos Ratos, 23 April 1981, K. Hagelund 13504 (ICN). Tramandaí, 6 April 1983, B. Irgang s.n. (ICN 53580). Osório, Lagoa da Emboaba, 29º57’58’’S, 50º13’37’’W, 18 April 2015, F. Gonzatti &amp; E. Valduga 1752 (MBM).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03848780F8561B4AFF77474F80FBFD0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mailhos, Ary;Cosse, Mariana;Pérez, Camilo;Bonifacino, José Mauricio	Mailhos, Ary, Cosse, Mariana, Pérez, Camilo, Bonifacino, José Mauricio (2025): Taxonomic revision of Austroeupatorium (Compositae, Eupatorieae) in Uruguay: new records and a new combination. Phytotaxa 683 (2): 119-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3
03848780F85C1B49FF7744F58493FF5C.text	03848780F85C1B49FF7744F58493FF5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroeupatorium steviifolium (Candolle 1836) Mailhos & Bonif. 2025	<div><p>Austroeupatorium steviifolium (DC.) Mailhos &amp;Bonif., comb. nov. (urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77343733-1). Eupatorium steviifolium Candolle (1836: 158), as “steviaefolium”. Type:— Brazil. São Paulo, 1833, F. Sellow, Herb. Imp. Bras. 496</p><p>(holotype, P [P00742672!]; isotype G-DC [G00494149!]). (Fig. 3 C, F; Fig. 5)</p><p>= Eupatorium steviifolium var. angustius Candolle (1836: 158) . Eupatorium tweedieanum var. angustius (DC.) Malme (1931: 31) . Type:— Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul, 1833, F. Sellow d1186, Herb. Imp. Bras. 806 (holotype, P [P02407945!]; isotype G-DC [G00494148!]).</p><p>Subshrubs 0.5–1.5(–2) m tall, stems erect, branched from the base, cylindrical, pubescent; young stems also glandular. Leaves mostly opposite, alternate in inflorescences, 32–63 x 5–15 mm, petioles 2–6(–15) mm long, laminas narrowly ovate or elliptic, entire, base attenuate, apex acute, pubescent on the adaxial surface, sometimes very sparsely glandular, densely pubescent and glandular on the abaxial surface, with three prominent veins from or near the base, herbaceous, slightly discolorous, margin subentire or serrate, slightly revolute. Capitula homogamous, numerous, grouped in terminal corymbiform capitulescences, peduncles 1–6.5(–10) mm long, pubescent, with ascending trichomes, bracts 0 to 2 on peduncles, narrowly oblong. Involucres 5–6 x 3.5–5 mm, campanulate, subimbricate, phyllaries in 3 or 4 series; outer phyllaries narrowly oblong or elliptic, base truncate, apex acute, pubescent and glandular, membranaceous, margin undifferentiated, ciliate; inner phyllaries narrowly obovate, base attenuate, apex rounded, pubescent and glandular at the apex, membranous, margin membranous, ciliate. Receptacles epaleate, convex, foveolate. Florets 29 to 39, perfect; corollas tubulose, funnelform, 3.2–4 mm long, white, rarely pinkish, glandular at the base, lobes 5, 0.3–0.5 mm long, broadly ovate, externally glandular; anther collars oblong, anthers 1.2–1.5 mm long, base obtuse, connective appendage ovate, apex rounded; styles 4.6–6.3 mm long, base straight, papillate, style branches 2.3–3.3 mm long, filiform, papillate, stigmatic surfaces 0.8–1.5 mm long, sterile appendage 1.5–2.3 mm long. Cypselae 1.4– 2. 5 mm long, obpyramidal, 5-nerved, surfaces glandular or glabrous, black; carpopodia symmetric-cylindrical, longer than wide, 0.2–0.5 mm long with subquadrate and oblong cells. Pappus 2.4–3.8 mm long, composed of 30 to 42 white, scabrid bristles, arranged in 1 series.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Southern Brazil and northwestern Uruguay, in Rivera and Tacuarembó departments (Fig. 3). Austroeupatorium steviifolium grows mostly on wet grasslands on slopes and depressions, and is also frequently found on roadside ditches.</p><p>While specimens from Argentina were not found in the herbaria examined during this study, a record uploaded to iNaturalist from Corrientes province (Gomez 2022) suggests that Austroeupatorium steviifolium is also present in that country. Subsequent herbarium revisions may uncover additional specimens of this species, potentially misidentified as other similar-looking species (see discussion below).</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering from March to May; fruiting from April to June.</p><p>Discussion: — Eupatorium steviifolium exhibits all morphological traits typical of Austroeupatorium: corolla lobes smooth on the inner surface, anther collar cell walls with transverse annular thickenings, slender and puberulous or papillate style bases, a bristly pappus, and glandular cypselae with distinct carpopodia (King &amp; Robinson 1970, 1987; Table 1). These traits exclude this species from Eupatorium and also from other morphologically similar genera such as Hatschbachiella, and Stomatanthes, which led us to propose the combination Austroeupatorium steviifolium . This was further supported by the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 6), in which sampled Austroeupatorium species, including A. steviifolium, resolved as monophyletic with high branch support.</p><p>Within Austroeupatorium, A. steviifolium belongs to the group of species with elongated, cylindrical or obconical carpopodia (see King &amp; Robinson 1987). Of these, A. steviifolium mostly resembles A. chaparense (Robinson 1930: 24) King &amp; Robinson (1970: 433), A. laetevirens and A. paulinum (Candolle 1836: 158) King &amp; Robinson (1970: 434) due to their ovate to narrowly ovate or elliptical leaves. However, these species differ from A. steviifolium in the following aspects: Austroeupatorium chaparense has glabrous corollas (vs. glandular in A. steviifolium); A. laetevirens has glabrescent leaves with one single prominent vein (vs. conspicuously pubescent leaves with three prominent veins in A. steviifolium); A. paulinum has cuneate leaf bases, which abruptly transition into petioles (vs. attenuate leaf bases gradually transitioning into petioles in A. steviifolium).</p><p>Due to their superficial resemblance, Austroeupatorium steviifolium has often been mistaken in herbaria for A. laetevirens (e.g. K000924851, K000924850), with which it is sympatric throughout most of its distribution, as well as Hatschbachiella tweedieana (e.g. HVAT00002757, MBM435287, MVJB 10450, US 01641610). Indeed, previous reports of Eupatorium steviifolium from Uruguay (Arechavaleta 1906, Herter 1930) have, upon closer scrutiny, been determined to actually refer to H. tweedieana . Aside from differences in the indumentum of cypselae (setulose and glandular in Hatschbachiella, glandular in Austroeupatorium), the carpopodium in H. tweedieana is short with subquadrate cells (vs. elongated carpopodia with oblong and subquadrate cells), and its leaves are distinctly petiolate, (vs. leaves with laminas gradually transitioning into petioles in A. steviifolium). Moreover, both species have strikingly different habitat preferences: H. tweedieana grows mostly on dry soils amid rocky outcrops, while A. steviifolium is frequently associated with humid soils on slopes and depressions.</p><p>Across its geographic range, Austroeupatorium steviifolium exhibits considerable diversity in the length-to-width ratio of its leaves. This prompted Candolle (1836) to accommodate this variation into two varieties, E. steviifolium var. steviifolium and E. steviifolium var. angustius . Following our analysis of herbarium specimens and field observations we observed significant variation in leaf shape based on factors such as position along the stem, developmental stage of the plant, or growing conditions, leading to a spectrum of leaf shapes. In light of these findings, and considering that the types of Candolle’s varieties fall within this range of variation, we have chosen not to recognize these infraspecific entities.</p><p>Specimens examined: — URUGUAY. Rivera: Paso Tranqueras, March 1945, A. Lombardo 4306 (MVJB 10448). Tranqueras, 7 May 1945, D. Legrand 3974 (MVM). Tranqueras, 1945, A. Lombardo 4360 (MVJB 10450). Cerro al norte del Miriñaque, 7 May 1997, I. Grela et al. s.n. (MVFA 26683). Tranqueras, establecimiento Las Tacuaras, 31°09’20.30’’S, 55°44’01.10’’W, 3 March 2009, C. Brussa &amp; F. Muñoz s.n. (MVJB 27547). Cuñapirú, cerro del Medio, 31°35’16.30’’S, 55°37’25.60’’W, 25 March 2022, A. Mailhos et al. 237 (MVFA). Cuñapirú, base del cerro Miriñaque, 31°32’13.40’’S, 55°37’54.00’’W, 30 April 2023, A. Mailhos &amp; J.M. Bonifacino 430 (MVFA). Ruta 27 km 17, cerro chato Dorado, 31°04’02.80’’S, 55°27’41.60’’W, 27 June 2023, A. Mailhos et al. 448 (MVFA). Ruta 27 km 17, cerro chato Dorado, 31°04’02.10’’S, 55°27’40.70’’W, 8 April 2024, A. Mailhos &amp; P. Pañella 776 (MVFA). Tacuarembó: Ruta 5 km 388, 31°39’47.80’’S, 55°54’30.80’’W, 19 April 2017, C. Pérez et al. 275 (MVFA). Cerro Corona, 31°37’25.00’’S, 55°40’09.10’’W, 14 July 2023, A. Mailhos et al. 463 (MVFA).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Paraná: Represa Piraquara, 25°30’50.90’’S, 49°01’28.80’’W, 13 April 2024, M. Bonifacino et al. 7554 (MVFA). Rio Grande do Sul: Uruguaiana, al sur de João Arregui, 17 May 1963, B. Rosengurtt et al. 9442 (MVFA). Entre Osvaldo Kroeff y Rocinha, 4 March 1965, R. Brescia &amp; E. Marchesi 4211 (MVFA). Santa Catarina: Al sur de São Bento do Sul, 26°19’12.10’’S, 49°22’52.10’’W, 14 April 2024, M. Bonifacino et al. 7565 (MVFA). Al sur de Campo Alegre, 26°19’13.20’’S, 49°13’54.60’’W, 15 April 2024, M. Bonifacino et al. 7570 (MVFA). Al sur de Campo Alegre, 26°16’52.50’’S, 49°13’09.70’’W, 15 April 2024, M. Bonifacino et al. 7573 (MVFA). São Paulo: Serra da Bocaina, 22°43’45.00’’S, 44°38’15.00’’W, 12 February 2024, V. Valtierra et al. 496 (MVFA).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03848780F85C1B49FF7744F58493FF5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mailhos, Ary;Cosse, Mariana;Pérez, Camilo;Bonifacino, José Mauricio	Mailhos, Ary, Cosse, Mariana, Pérez, Camilo, Bonifacino, José Mauricio (2025): Taxonomic revision of Austroeupatorium (Compositae, Eupatorieae) in Uruguay: new records and a new combination. Phytotaxa 683 (2): 119-132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.2.3
