taxonID	type	description	language	source
038487E3AB130B32FD36FD83E545FA6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Belongs to the species with (i) only inner vertical seta and (ii) scutellum velvet black laterally. Can be distinguished from the other three European species of this group by the almost completely black legs. Terminalia not illustrated to date. No material examined by the author.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB130B32FD36FD83E545FA6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. So far only known from the type series from the Azores (Flores Island, Faial, Pico Island, São Miguel).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB130B32FD36FD83E545FA6C.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Has been recorded from May to July at different biotopes (lakes, beach, wet rock wall). Taxonomy. As mentioned by Frey (1945) H. agostinhoi might be only a dark legged form of H. guttata and examination of the male terminalia should be done when material is available. One male from mainland Portugal will key out as H. agostinhoi due to almost completely black legs but fits otherwise to H. guttata (22. iii. 2018, Setúbal, rice fields n Carvalhal [38.313 ° N 8.746 ° W], leg. et coll. Stuke). Strobl (1900) describes such specimens from Spain as H. guttata var. obscuripes and H. guttata var. nigripes.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB130B33FD00FA45E27CFA50.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hyadina fenestrata is an inconspicuous species within the group that is characterised by (i) only inner vertical seta and (ii) scutellum velvet black laterally (as Fig. 7). The lack of a black spot at the anepisternum is a good indicator for this species but a careful examination of the characters given in the key above should be used to verify the identification. Terminalia as Figs 16 - 18.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB130B33FD00FA45E27CFA50.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Within Europe this species has so far only been recorded from the Canary Islands (Tenerife, Gran Canaria, La Palma) (Becker 1908, Cresson 1930) and Madeira (Stuke 2012). Despite these isolated records the species is widely distributed and probably not rare with records from Egypt (Becker 1903, El-Hawagry et al. 2018), Israel (Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2004 a), Jordan (material listed above), Oman (Mathis et al. 2017), Seychelles (Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2003), United Arabian Emirates (Mathis et al. 2017), Taiwan (Cresson 1930) and the Philippines (Cresson 1930).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB130B33FD00FA45E27CFA50.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Adults have been recorded all year round at wetlands.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB120B37FCD9FA61E374FB3C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hyadina guttata belongs to the group that is characterised by (i) only inner vertical seta and (ii) scutellum velvet black laterally (as Fig. 7). Males are straightforward to recognise by the golden dusted face. Except for the black legged H. agostinhoi, H. guttata differs by the shining tergite 5 that has at least laterally no microtrichia beside the scattered long hairs (Fig. 14). Terminalia as Figs 20 - 22.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB120B37FCD9FA61E374FB3C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina guttata is widely distributed in Europe and might be the most common Hyadina species. The only European distribution border is in the north with the northernmost records known so far from 66 ° N in Finland (GBIF 2023 a). Outside Europe it is found in North Africa with records from Morocco (Vitte 1988, 1991) to Egypt (Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1998, El-Hawagry et al. 2018), from Turkey (Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1998, Popescu-Mirceni 2011), Israel (Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2004 a) and the Far East of Russia (Krivosheina 1986).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB120B37FCD9FA61E374FB3C.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina guttata lives in a wide range of habitats as summarized by Bährmann (1995). He points out that H. guttata might be common on xerothermic meadows. At least regionally it prefers wetlands in the widest sense including for example wet meadows, forests, or fens. It can be classified as ubiquitous. Of course, it might have very special habitat requirements that occur in different habitats that are not known so far. Hyadina guttata has been recorded all through the year with a peak in April and May (personal observation) and a second peak in autumn (Bährmann 1995), is probably polyvoltine and might overwinter as adult fly. The Laboulbeniales Stigmatomyces spiralis Thaxter, 1901 is reported from H. guttata (Dainat & Dainat 1973 as S. hyadinae Balazuc, 1974 as S. hyadinae Rossi, 1993).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FF36FA95E20EFD85.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Due to the lack of any velvet black on the scutellum (as Fig. 5) only to be confused with H. pollinosa. Hyadina minima is easily recognised by the short R 2 + 3 (Fig. 9) with costal index I ≈ 0.5. Terminalia as Figs 24 - 26.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FF36FA95E20EFD85.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina minima is a rare species with three known locations from Germany (Bährmann 2009, Stuke & Bährmann 2013, Stuke 2020, 2023), the locus typicus in Hungary (Papp 1975) and one location in Czech Republic (Zatwarnicki 1991, 2022).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FF36FA95E20EFD85.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina minima is a halobiont species and has been caught in wetlands with places hardly vegetated. Most records are from inland salt places, but it occurs at the coast in wet dune valleys as well. Adults occur from April to July which might indicate several generations.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FCD9FDD3E207FAC0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is recognised at once by its black appearance (Figs 1,2) and the normally developed R 2 + 3 (Fig. 1). Terminalia not illustrated to date. No material examined by the author.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FCD9FDD3E207FAC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina nigricornis has been caught only three times: The male holotype was collected in Zelenogorsk (Saint Petersburg, Russia), Dahl (1966) reported one specimen from Halltorp (Sweden) and Zatwarnicki & Andersen (2023) reported one specimen from Norway. Records of Zatwarnicki (1991) are misidentified and belong to H. vockerothi (Zatwarnicki 1996).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B37FCD9FDD3E207FAC0.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The two records are from May and August. The male holotype was collected at a wet dune valley close to the sea.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B39FD33FA91E035FC48.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Due to the lack of any velvet black at scutellum (as Fig. 5) only to be confused with H. minima. Hyadina pollinosa is easily recognised by 28 31 32 35 st 4 st 3 st 5 Figs 28 - 35. Postabdomen of Hyadina pollinosa Oldenberg and H. rufipes (Meigen). 28. Epandrium and cerci of H. pollinosa Oldenberg, dorsal view; 29. epandrium and cerci of H. pollinosa Oldenberg, lateral view; 30. tip of postgonite of H. pollinosa Oldenberg, lateral view; 31. sternites 3 (right) – 5 (left) of H. pollinosa Oldenberg, ventral view. 32. epandrium and cerci of H. rufipes (Meigen), dorsal view; 33. epandrium and cerci of H. rufipes (Meigen), lateral view; 34. tip of postgonite of H. rufipes (Meigen), lateral view; 35. sternites 3 (right) – 5 (left) of H. rufipes (Meigen), ventral view. st 3, sternite 3; st 4, sternite 4; st 5, sternite 5. the much longer R 2 + 3 (Fig. 10) with costal index I ≈ 1. Terminalia as Figs 28 - 30.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B39FD33FA91E035FC48.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina pollinosa is a rare species with scattered records only. It has been recorded from the coast of the Dead Sea in Israel (Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2004 a), the Mediterranean Sea with records from Italy (Canzoneri & Meneghini 1987, Canzoneri & Vienna 1988 b, 2000, Bertoli et al. 1992, Raffone 2009) France (Dainat & Dainat 1973, Martinez 2002, this work) and Mallorca (Canzoneri & Vienna 1988 a, Canzoneri & Rallo 1996, Ebejer et al. 2006) and along the North Sea coast in Suffolk, and Pool Harbour, Dorset in South England (Gibbs 2005; pers comm.). Additionally, it has been recorded from few inland salt places in Germany (Oldenberg 1923, Stuke 2023) and from inland places without salt habitats in Slovakia (Zatwarnicki 1996), Fès, Morocco (Vitte 1991), Park HaYarden, Israel (Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2004 a), and Volano, Italy (Canzoneri & Meneghini 1983).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB160B39FD33FA91E035FC48.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina pollinosa is a halophilous species and has been recorded mainly from coastal and inland wetlands that are under the influence of salt water. However, there are records mainly from its southern distribution where it can be found at freshwater wetlands. Adults are recorded from March to October. Dainat & Dainat (1973) reported H. pollinosa to be infested with the Laboulbeniales Stigmatomyces spiralis Thaxter, 1901.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B39FF3FFC6AE2D2FD60.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hyadina rufipes is an easily recognised species with inner and outer vertical setae developed, basal flagellomere orange ventrally and scutellum with velvet black markings at lateral edges (as Fig. 7). Terminalia as Figs 32 - 34.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B39FF3FFC6AE2D2FD60.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina rufipes is quite common and widely distributed over Europe with records from the Canary Islands (Becker 1908 as nitida) to the Republic of Mordovia, Russia (MacGowan et al. 2021). Records from Morocco (Vitte 1991 as nitida) and southern Portugal (Stuke et al. 2023) indicate that there is no southern distribution border within Europe. However, H. rufipes is not recorded from Spain so far (Zatwarnicki 2002), only once recorded from Portugal and not recorded in Italy south of Veneto (Canzoneri & Vienna 2000). Most northern records of H. rufipes are from Finland at 68 ° N (GBIF 2023 b). Outside from Europe H. rufipes is reported from Morocco (Vitte 1991 as nitida) and Russia Far East (Krivosheina 1986) only.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B39FF3FFC6AE2D2FD60.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina rufipes can be found in all kinds of wetlands including salt influenced places, densely vegetated or bare margins of rivers or lakes, wet meadows, forests, or fens. Reasons for its occurrence or none occurrences at specific places are unknown and might be caused by specific bacteria in microhabitats we do not understand so far. Adults of H. rufipes occur from March to November with peaks in May and August. The species is polyvoltine and might overwinter as adult.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B3BFD2FFD71E366FE0A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is easily recognised by the completely velvet black scutellum (Fig. 6). It might be confused only with similar Nostima picta (Fallén, 1813) that also has a completely velvet black scutellum. However, N. picta has an arista with long rays (short in H. scutellata), obvious sublateral grey striped on the scutum (no sublateral stripes in H. scutellata), 2 obvious dorsocentrale seta (1 dorsocentral seta in H. scutellata), a densely dusted frons (shining to subshining in H. scutellata) and obvious long ommatrichia (inconspicious ommatrichia in H. scutellata). Terminalia as Figs 36 - 38.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B3BFD2FFD71E366FE0A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina scutellata is widely distributed but records are rare and scattered. Surprisingly there are no records from France nor the Iberian Peninsula and the records from Ireland (Haliday 1839) and Britain (Drake 2007) mark the western distribution. Eastwards H. scutellata reaches to Talmenka at 83 ° E (Zatwarnicki 1996). It has so far not been recorded in South Europe and the record from Georgia is the most southern location at 41 ° N. There are no records from Norway nor Sweden and the most northern findings are from Finland at 65 ° N (material listed above).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB180B3BFD2FFD71E366FE0A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina scutellata is a species of freshwater wetlands and has probably a preference for margins of rivers and streams. Adults are recorded from January (Papp 2001) and March to September. This species is polyvoltine and probably overwinters as adult. At least in Germany this species has become rare with the last known record from 1994 (Zatwarnicki & Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1997).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFF46FDA8E218FE26.taxon	description	Unpublished material: CROATIA: 2 ♀♀, 25. vi. 2017, Ðuračica 5 km s Magić Mala [45.133 ° N 17.596 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; 1 ♀, 24. vi. 2017, fishponds 1.5 km ne Stražanac [45.635 ° N 17.097 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; 1 ♀, 24. vi. 2017, fishponds Ripnjaci [45.521 ° N 16.936 ° E], leg. Stuke; 1 ♀, 27. vi. 2017, floodplain Danube 1 km se Tikveš [45.668 ° N 18.853 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; 13, 28. vi. 2017, floodplain Drava n Kopačevo [45.608 ° N 18.789 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; 1 ♀, 23. vi. 2017, floodplain Sava s Suvoj [45.372 ° N 16.687 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; FINLAND: 1 ♀, 9. viii. 2022, Jätärin s Kuusamo [65.956 ° N 29.168 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; GEORGIA: 1 ♀, 8. vii. 2019, Kura River n Akhalsheni [42.005 ° N 43.723 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke; 13 1 ♀, 3. vii. 2019, Snostskali River 0.6 km se Achkhoti [42.618 ° N 44.624 ° E], leg. et coll. Stuke.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFF46FDA8E218FE26.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hyadina vernalis belongs to the group that is characterised by (i) only inner vertical seta developed and (ii) scutellum velvet black laterally (Fig. 7). It is the only species of this group without white patches before and behind dm-cu. However, these white patches can easily be overlooked in other species and therefore other characters should be considered, especially that tergite 5 is all over covered with microtrichia and additionally longer setulae (Fig. 15). Terminalia as Figs 40 - 42.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFF46FDA8E218FE26.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hyadina vernalis is a quite common species and widely distributed in Europe. It is recently recorded from Portugal (Stuke et al. 2023 as H. humeralis auct.), occurs in Calabria, Italy (Canzoneri & Vienna 2000 as H. humeralis auct.) and Georgia (material listed above). In Finland it has been found up to 66 ° N (material listed above). Lack of records in larger areas like Spain, parts of the Balkan or western Scandinavia are very probably due to the absence of collecting activities. The only record of H. vernalis outside of Europe is from the Kuril Islands (“ Kunaschir, Sernawodsk ”, Dahl 1968 as H. humeralis auct.) and should be checked carefully.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFF46FDA8E218FE26.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina vernalis inhabits different kinds of wetlands including wet meadows, salty places, margins of rivers, ditches, streams or lakes. Adults of H. vernalis were found all year round, the species is very probably polyvoltine and might overwinter as adult. The Laboulbeniales Stigmatomyces spiralis Thaxter, 1901 is reported at H. vernalis (Rossi 1993 as H. humeralis auct.).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFD2CFDB3E5C6FB5B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is easily characterised by the very short R 2 + 3 (Fig. 13) and the unique colouration of the face with velvet black patches at the gena (Fig. 3). Terminalia are illustrated in Clausen (1984).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFD2CFDB3E5C6FB5B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. So far there are European records from Czech Republic (Zatwarnicki 1996), Denmark (Zatwarnicki 1991 misidentified as nigricornis), Germany (Stuke 2023), Hungary (Zatwarnicki 1991 misidentified as nigricornis) and Sweden (Zatwarnicki 1991 misidentified as nigricornis). Beside the European records this Holarctic species is reported from Nova Scotia and Ontario (Clausen 1984).	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
038487E3AB1A0B3BFD2CFDB3E5C6FB5B.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Hyadina vockerothi occurs in a brachypterous form and the Nearctic type material has been caught in “ mouse run among Carex ” (Clausen 1984). Adults have been recorded in April, June and July in a damp birch wood and at a densely vegetated lake shore.	en	Stuke, Jens-Hermann (2024): An identification key for the European species of Hyadina Haliday and a new interpretation of Hyadina vernalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). Spixiana 47 (1): 49-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16898798
