taxonID	type	description	language	source
03828C194B427103FCF77ECAFA35F990.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body black, shining. Antenna with 2 anelli, 2 strongly joined funiculars, clava 3 - segmented, elongate, sharpened apically in female, short, oval, 2 - or 3 - segmented in male. Fore wing of female with wide blade bearing dense, irregular setation, marginal fringe about 0.1 × of maximum wing width, marginal vein as long as submarginal vein or shorter, stigmal vein long, with constricted neck and rounded stigma. Male alate or apterous; if alate, the wing with scarce setation on disk and with marginal fringe longer than in female.	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B427103FCF77ECAFA35F990.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only 2 species are recorded in the world, both in Palaearctic region (Doutt & Viggiani, 1968). 1 — Fore wing 2.5 times as long as broad (Figs 3 d, 5 d). Hind basitarsus about 2.0 times longer than 2 nd tarsomere (Fig. 4 d). Antennal clava of male two-segmented (Fig. 2 d). Apodemes of aedeagus long, attached to the base of phallobase (Fig. 2 g) ....................................................................................................................................... M. nigra Blood Fore wing 1.9 – 2.2 times as long as broad (Fig. 5 e). Hind basitarsus about 1.0 – 1.2 times longer than 2 nd tarsomere (Fig. 4 D). Antennal clava of male three-segmented (Fig. 5 c). Apodemes of aedeagus short, attached nearly to the middle of phallobase (Fig. 4 e). .................................................................................................. M. galatica Nowicki	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B427107FF4D7ABCFEC6FBD1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material studied (Fig. 3 E). Holotype ♀ M. adanaensis (Figs 3 a – d), “ Türkiye, Adana, Balcali, August 1999, ex eggs Cassida (coll. M. D. Ghawami) ”, on glass slide № 1888. Paratypes: 2 ♀, same label, ex eggs Cassida rubiginosa on Cynara scolymus; 2 ♂, same label (separate glass slides № 1889, № 1892), marked “ allotype, paratype ” (on separate glass slides № 1890, № 1891) (Fig. 2 e-g) (MKU). Other material studied. Ukraine: Cherkasy Oblast, Uman Raion, Zhytnyky, “ Kuibyshev ” collective farm, 7 – 8.06.1984, ex eggs Cassida nebulosa, emerged 20.06.1984, 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (Yu. P. Bichuk) [♀ antenna and wing – slides 107, 108]; Poltava Oblast, Kremenchuk Raion, nr. Hlobyne, “ Staryi Khutir ”, reared from egg set of tortoise beetle on thistle leaf, coll. 21.06.2021, reared end of 06.2021, 2 ♀ (used for biological experiments) (Fig. 2 a – c), 1 ♂ (Fig. 2 d), (A. Gumovsky); Kherson Oblast, 10.08.1985, ex eggs of tortoise beetle, 2 ♀ (V. Fursov); Crimea, near Nikita village, swept from Graminaceae and Fabaceae on grassy hills in forest 18.05.1994, 1 ♀ (V. Fursov); Türkiye: Isparta, 8.05.2002, 1 ♀ (M. D. Ghawami); Kırşehir Province, forest, 19.05.2005, 1 ♀ (on glass slide № 1894) (M. D. Ghawami); Hatay, Reyhanlı district, Tell Tayinat, 05.05.2005, 2 ♀ (on glass slides 1893, 1896) (M. Doğanlar) (SIZK).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B427107FF4D7ABCFEC6FBD1.taxon	biology_ecology	Host. Tortoise beetles, in particular Cassida spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Cassidini) (Noyes, 2022).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B427107FF4D7ABCFEC6FBD1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. England (Blood, 1923; Blood & Kryger, 1928), France, Italy (Nowicki, 1940), Hungary, Czech Republic (Noyes, 2022), Ukraine (Fursov, 2015), Türkiye (Doğanlar, 2002), Egypt (Awadalla, 1993, 1996; Hendawy & El-Fakharany, 2017).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B427107FF4D7ABCFEC6FBD1.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Synonymy of M. adanaensis Doğanlar with M. nigra Blood is proposed here as resultant from the comparison of the type specimens of M. adanaensis with reared material of M. nigra and its original description. Doğanlar (2002) stated that M. adanaensis differs from M. nigra in having the antennal clava of both sexes with a long terminal spine and the clava of male being twice as long as broad, and the second clavomere of male being twice as long as the first clavomere (whereas there is no terminal spine in female, the male clava is just slightly longer than broad, and its second clavomere is just slightly longer than the first clavomere in M. nigra). However, the discussed characters vary in M. nigra. They are also not very distinct in the type specimens, so we consider them intraspecific variations. Instead, the presence of the characters listed in the key, the long hind basitarsus in particular, suggest that M. nigra Blood, 1923 and M. adanaensis Doğanlar, 2002 concern one and the same species, so the synonymy of the names is proposed.	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B467107FF4D7817FCA5F930.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Ukraine: Vinnytsia Oblast, Yampilskiy Raion, village Oksanivka (Fleminda), bank of Dniester river, swept from grass, 20.07.1988, 3 ♂ (V. Fursov); Cherkasy Oblast, Uman Raion, Zhytnyky, ‘ Kuibyshev’ collective farm, 7 - 8.06.1984, ex eggs Cassida nebulosa, emerged 20.06.1984, 2 ♀ (Figs 4 a-c), 1 ♂ (Yu. P. Bichuk) [♀ antenna and wing – slides 303, 313, 314, ♂ antenna and wing – slide 302]; Kyiv Oblast, 05.07.1986, ex eggs tortoise beetle, 2 ♀ (V. Fursov); Kherson Oblast, The Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, Potievskiy plot, ex single egg of Cassida sp., 01.06.1985, emerged 18.06.1985, 1 ♂ (V. Fursov); Armenia: village Dzithankov, on a leaf of Polygonum sp., 09.07.1951, 1 ♀ (D. Hachatryan), slide 833; Türkiye: Nurdağı, Adac. Sul, 370980 N, 364733 E, coll. 05.07.2007, 1 ♀ (M. Doğanlar); Russian Federation: Western Siberia, Tomsk District, Pozdneevo, 14.07.1985, ex eggs of tortoise beetle, emerged 5.07.1985, 1 ♂ (Figs 4 e, f) (G. F. Vecher), on slide 511 (SIZK).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B467107FF4D7817FCA5F930.taxon	biology_ecology	Host. Tortoise beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Cassidini) (Noyes, 2022).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
03828C194B467107FF4D7817FCA5F930.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hungary, Poland (Nowicki, 1935), Ukraine (Fursov, 2015), Türkiye (Doğanlar, 2002), Russian Federation (Western Siberia), Armenia (new records).	en	Gumovsky, A. V., Fursov, V. N. (2022): Taxonomic observations on Monorthochaeta (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Ukraine, and biological notes on M. nigra. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 13 (2): 33-44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7374348, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7374347
