identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038C879DFFCCEC26FDBAFAF1FDE5F920.text	038C879DFFCCEC26FDBAFAF1FDE5F920.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clavigerini Leach 1815	<div><p>Tribe  Clavigerini Leach, 1815</p><p>All  Clavigeritae of Madagascar are currently assigned to the tribe  Clavigerini as newly defined by Hlaváč et al. (2021). There are apparently four genera in this tribe which resemble each other and are easily separated from others.  Ambrosiger Silvestri, 1926 (from Macao, China),  Apoderiger,  Micrapoderiger and  Trymalius (all three from Madagascar) are all originally placed in the tribe  Apoderigerini (Newton &amp; Chandler, 1989) . All these genera share a smooth surface of the forebody, trimerous antennae with the terminal antennomere very long and dilated distad to form a distal club, and the composite tergite lacking trichomes.  Ambrosiger,  Micrapoderiger and  Trymalius are monogeneric and  Apoderiger after this revision contains six species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFCCEC26FDBAFAF1FDE5F920	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFCCEC27FF63F97EFAD7FE11.text	038C879DFFCCEC27FF63F97EFAD7FE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger Wasmann 1897	<div><p>Key to the genera of the  Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897 genus group</p><p>1. Pronotum with well-defined, transversal antebasal sulcus ......................  Ambrosiger Silvestri, 1926</p><p>– Pronotum lacking transversal antebasal sulcus ................................................................................. 2</p><p>2. Elytra with lateral fold, which is a prolongation of the humeral carina ........................................... 3</p><p>– Elytra lacking lateral fold and humeral carina ...................................  Micrapoderiger Jeannel, 1960</p><p>3. Head long, clearly longer than wide; pronotum lacking median antebasal fovea .............................. ................................................................................................................  Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897</p><p>– Head short, at most slightly longer than wide; pronotum with large median antebasal fovea ............ .................................................................................................................  Trymalius Fairmaire, 1898</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFCCEC27FF63F97EFAD7FE11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFCDEC23FD94FE2FFAD7FB35.text	038C879DFFCDEC23FD94FE2FFAD7FB35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger Wasmann 1897	<div><p>Genus  Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897</p><p>Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897: 263 .</p><p>Type species:  Apoderiger cervinus Wasmann, by monotypy.</p><p>Soalala Dajoz, 1982: 512 . Type species:  Soalala spinosa Dajoz, by original designation; synonymy in Besuchet, 2008: 65.</p><p>Apoderiger – Jeannel 1954: 312 (redescription); 1960: 202 (in key); 1960: 203. — Célis 1970: 248 (diagnosis, key to species). — Besuchet 2008: 65 (synonymy of  Soalala).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head elongate, at least twice as long as wide; temples shorter than frontal rostrum; lacking frontal foveae, with pair of minute dorsal tentorial pits, situated behind eyes. Neck region subcylindrical, long, about as long as or slightly shorter than posterior part of head capsule, separated from head capsule by deep occipital constriction, partly retracted into prothorax. Antenna trimerous; terminal antennomere very long, dilated and curved distally, its apex truncate, with dense short and long setae. Pronotum transverse, clearly wider than long, lacking antebasal and lateral foveae. Elytra more than 1.50 × as wide as long; lacking basal foveae; humeri strongly prominent; posterior margin of elytron lacking trichomes. Abdomen with composite tergite convex, lacking impressions, keels and lacking trichomes; three paratergites of composite tergite present, first paratergite in anterior portion with trichome; posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant or with pair of long, triangular, short-distant projections. Legs long and slender; femur lacking interlocking ridge; mesotibia differently modified in pre or apical portion. Aedeagus elongate, slender, 2.5–3.0× as long as wide; basal bulb well-separated from distal lobe; endophallus with or lacking sclerites; dorsal diaphragm round or elliptical.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY (Fig.1). Yellowish-brown, elongated, more about 2.5 × as long as wide. Length 1.4–2.2 mm.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, at least twice as long as wide, widest at level of eyes; rostrum narrow, rounded at anterior margin; eyes oval, slightly prominent, situated slightly behind midpoint of head capsule; temples shorter than frontal rostrum, behind eyes slightly convergent posteriad; lacking frontal foveae, with pair of minute dorsal tentorial pits, situated behind eyes; clypeus partly visible on sides. Neck region subcylindrical, long, about as long as or slightly shorter than posterior part of head capsule, separated from head capsule by deep occipital constriction, partly retracted into prothorax, with well-defined gular plate (Fig. 2A); posterior tentorial pits (Fig. 2A; ptp = gular foveae of Chandler 2001) small, circular, well-separated, situated in front of transverse impression demarcating neck region ventrally; pre-tentorial gular-submental region elongate, subrectangular and smooth.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous (Fig. 2C–E), semi-circular in cross-section, very long, exceeding posterior margin of pronotum; scape slightly longer than pedicel, both small, subrectangular; terminal antennomere (flagellomere) very long, more than 10 × as long as wide, dilated distad and variably shaped, curved distally, its apex truncate, with dense short and long setae.</p><p>MOUTHPARTS. Rudimentary but well-developed, completely hidden in transversally elliptical bucal cavity (Fig. 2A–B); labium with transverse, sub-rectangular mentum (Fig. 2A–B), anterior margin of mentum slightly rounded, its anterior half with long setae placed in two rows, lacking ligula. Maxilla reduced, with large, hemispherical cardo (Fig. 2B); basistipes (Fig. 2B) minuscule, with one seta; galea and lacinia atrophied. Maxillary palpi (Fig. 2B) reduced to one palpomere. Mandibles (Fig. 2B) ovaly projecting on outer portion. Labrum (Fig. 2B) transverse with almost straight anterior margin; anteroventral margin with some peg-like sensilla (Fig. 2B); clypeus (Fig. 2B) large, transverse, with rounded anterior margin which is bearing bunch of long setae.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, clearly wider than long, about half of length of head; lacking squamouse setae; lateral margin rounded, in anterior and posterior half convergent; lacking antebasal and lateral foveae; lacking sulci or carinae.</p><p>PROSTERNUM (Fig. 3A). Laterally fused with hypomera; basisternal region longer than coxal region, with sparse setae, with pair of small, widely separated asetose lateral procoxal foveae (Fig. 3A; lpcf = term of Chandler 2001; in fact, these foveae are situated on prosternum, anterad procoxal cavities), median procoxal fovea absent; prosternal process (Fig. 3A) rounded, not separating procoxae. Hypomera divided by incomplete hypomeral ridges (Fig. 3A) into narrow, elongate inner hypomeral region (Fig. 3A) and broad, smooth outer hypomeral region (Fig. 3A), latter with shallow hypomeral groove (Fig. 3A).</p><p>MESONOTUM AND METANOTUM. Not studied.</p><p>MESOVENTRITE. Fused with metaventrite, with sparse setae being denser on metaventral disc, lacking foveae; mesocoxae separated, width of isthmus about half of diameter of mesocoxal cavity; mesoventral and anterior metaventral process subequal in length, truncate; disc of metaventrite slightly convex in anterior part, declining to posterior margin, lacking projection, patch of trichome-like setae or strong median longitudinal keel; metaventral posterior process (Fig. 3A) wide, short, with straight posterior margin or long, semitriangular, with pointed and setose projecting posterior part exceeding part of abdominal sternites.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.60–1.70× as wide as long, 1.50–1.70 × as long as pronotum, with unevenly distributed short setae; lacking basal foveae; with or without discal and sutural striae; postero-lateral corner of elytron obliquely bevelled mesad, lacking projection; humeri strongly prominent; posterior margin of elytron lacking trichomes.</p><p>ABDOMEN. With composite tergite convex, lacking impressions or keels, lacking trichomes; three paratergites of composite tergite present, first paratergite in anterior portion with trichome; posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant or with pair of long, triangular, short-distant projections.</p><p>ABDOMEN (Fig. 3B). With first visible sternite (III) narrow, more than 6 × as short as second visible sternite (IV) which is almost twice as long as third (V); all sternites simple, lacking any modification.</p><p>LEGS. Moderately long and slender; femur lacking interlocking ridge; mesotibia differently modified in pre or apical portion, sometimes with mesotibial preapical tooth (Fig. 3C); tarsomere 1 minuscule (Fig. 3C), 2 much longer, 3 considerably longer than 2, with subtriangular distal lamella (Fig. 3C).</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4A–J). Elongate, slender, 2.5–3.0× as long as wide; basal bulb well-separated from distal lobe, ratio length of basal bulb /length of distal lobe variable 0.9–2.4; endophallus with or lacking sclerites; dorsal diaphragm round or elliptical.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females always with short, wide posterior metaventral process, mesotibia always simple, lacking any kind of modification.</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Paratrechina amblyops rubescens (Forel, 1892) is the only host ant known so far for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The centre of the distribution of the genus  Apoderiger is the eastern part of central Madagascar, where four species are present,  A. banari sp. nov.,  A. sikorai sp. nov. in the massif Anjozorobe – Andasibe,  A. cervinus on the  Imerina Plateau and one, the most southern record of an undescribed species, in the Ranomafana National Park. There are three isolated species located more to the north,  A. spinosus on the western coast,  Soalala district,  A. grandis sp. nov. on northeastern part, Manongarivo Special Reserve and  A. torticornis in Antongil Bay, north-eastern part (Fig. 5).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Two well-defined groups of species can be recognized within the genus which are readily separated by the different structure of a pair of projections on the posterior margin of the composite tergite. The first group, containing  A. spinosus (Dajoz, 1982) and  A. sikorai sp. nov., has posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant projections and strongly curved distal portion of terminal antennomere. The second group, with  A. torticornis,  A. grandis sp. nov. and  A. banari sp. nov., has posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of long, triangular, short-distant projections which are or not exceeding posterior margin of abdomen and slightly curved distal portion of terminal antennomere. Except  A. cervinus, because of unknown male, the remaining species of the genus can be separated using the following key.</p><p>Key to males</p><p>( Apoderiger cervinus is missing in the key because the male of this species is unknown).</p><p>1. Posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant projections ( A. spinosus species group) .............................................................................................................. 2</p><p>– Posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of long, triangular, short-distant projections ( A. torticornis species group) ........................................................................................................... 3</p><p>2. Small species, about 1.40 mm long; apex of mesotibia with inner projection ................................... ...................................................................................................................  A. spinosus (Dajoz, 1982)</p><p>– Large species, about 1.70–1.85 mm long; apex of mesotibia lacking inner projection, only with small preapical tooth (Fig. 3C) ..............................................................................  A. sikorai s p. nov.</p><p>3. Triangular paired projections on posterior portion of composite tergite shorter, not exceeding posterior margin of abdomen; posterior subtriangular metaventral process exceedingly over first visible sternite (III) ................................................................................................  A. banari sp. nov.</p><p>– Triangular paired projections on posterior portion of composite tergite longer, clearly exceeding posterior margin of abdomen; posterior metaventral process wide, short, with almost straight posterior margin, not exceedingly over first visible sternite (III) ..................................................... 4</p><p>4. Elytra with discal and sutural striae; large species, about 2.2 mm long; head less than 1.60 × as long as pronotum ..........................................................................................................  A. grandis sp. nov.</p><p>– Elytra lacking discal and sutural striae; small species, about 1.8–1.9 mm long; head more than 1.75 × as long as pronotum ...............................................................................  A. torticornis Jeannel, 1960</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFCDEC23FD94FE2FFAD7FB35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFC9EC2DFDE0FB7DFD5BFE2A.text	038C879DFFC9EC2DFDE0FB7DFD5BFE2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger torticornis Jeannel 1960	<div><p>Apoderiger torticornis Jeannel, 1960</p><p>Figs 1A, 2E, 4A–B, 5</p><p>Apoderiger cervinus torticornis Jeannel, 1960: 203 . Type locality: Ambodivoangy, near Maroantsetra. Types: unknown number of syntypes (MNHN).</p><p>Apoderiger torticornis – Célis 1970: 249 (redescription, raised to species level status).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Last antennomere slightly curved in distal portion; posterior metaventral process short, wide with straight margin; elytra lacking sutural and discal striae; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of long, triangular, closely separated projections with rounded apex, which are clearly exceeding posterior margin of abdomen; mesotibia with median tooth; aedeagus 2.67 × as long as wide; endophallus lacking sclerites.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (here designated)</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♂; six labels “  R. Maroantsetra / Ambodivoangy / J. Vadon 15.X.55” [white, printed and handwritten], “♂ [white, printed] // “fourmilière /enterrée” [white, handwritten] // “HOLOTYPUS” [red, printed], “  Apoderiger /  torticornis Jeann. / Det. Célis 1970 ” [white, handwritten] //“SYNTYPE/  APODERIGER /  torticornis JEANNEL /P. Hlaváč des., 2020” [red, printed]; MNHN. The lectotype is accompanied with two, undetermined host ants.</p><p>Paralectotypes (2 ex.)</p><p>MADAGASCAR • 1 ♂; six labels “ Ambodivoangy / J. Vadon ” [white, printed] // “Fourmilière” [white, handwritten] // “♂” [white, printed] // “PARATYPUS [red, printed] //  Apoderiger /  torticornis Jeann. / Det. Célis 1970 ” [white, handwriten] // “PARALECTOTYPE/  APODERIGER /  torticornis JEANNEL / P. Hlaváč des., 2020” [red, printed]; MNHN •   1 ♀; five labels “ Ambodivoangy / J. Vadon ” [white, printed] // “♀” [white, printed] // “PARATYPUS” [red, printed] // “  Apoderiger /  torticornis Jeann. / Det. Célis 1970 ” [white, handwriten] // “PHOTO (P. Krásenský) / P. Hlaváč, Prague” [yellow, printed] //“PARALECTOTYPE /  APODERIGER /  torticornis JEANNEL / P. Hlaváč des., 2020” [red, printed]; MNHN  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Yellowish-brown, more elongated, 2.35 × as long as wide; body 1.85–1.90 mm long and about 0.60 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, 2.00–2.10 × as long as wide, about 1.8× as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous, 0.70–0.75 mm long, terminal antennomere slightly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.80–1.85 × as wide as long.</p><p>METAVENTRITE. With large, triangular median impression, posterior metaventral process short, wide with straight margin.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.60–1.70 × as wide as long, 1.50–1.60× as long as pronotum; lacking sutural and discal striae; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral third with cutout between two, short teeth.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.85–1.90 × as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of long, triangular, closely separated projections with rounded apex, which are clearly exceeding posterior margin of abdomen.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. With obtuse, short median tooth; last mesotarsomere simple.</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4A–B). Elongate, 2.67 × as long as wide; basal bulb and distal lobe well-separated, ratio length of basal bulb/ length of distal lobe 2.40; endophallus lacking sclerites; dorsal diaphragm elliptical.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar (Antongila Bay).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Apoderiger torticornis is related to  A. banari sp. nov. and  A. grandis sp. nov. sharing with both species a pair of long, triangular, short distant projections on the posterior portion of the composite tergite. It is separated from  A. banari by having a pair of triangular, short distant projections longer, exceeding posterior margin of composite tergite (shorter, not exceeding posterior margin in  A. banari) and having posterior metaventral process wide and short (subtriangular and long in  A. banari). From  A. grandis it is readily separated by body smaller than 2 mm (2.2 mm in  A. grandis) and having elytra lacking discal and sutural striae which are well-defined in  A. grandis .</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Paratrechina amblyops rubescens (Forel, 1892) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFC9EC2DFDE0FB7DFD5BFE2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFC7EC2FFDA8FE6FFE99FC48.text	038C879DFFC7EC2FFDA8FE6FFE99FC48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger sikorai Hlaváč 2025	<div><p>Apoderiger sikorai sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0DC01549-A193-45EA-83FC-7EE80B2CAB5B</p><p>Figs 2A–C, 3A–C, 4C–D, 5</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Last antennomere slightly curved in distal portion; posterior metaventral process long, slender, parallel-sided with two separate setae; lacking sutural and discal striae; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections; mesotibia simple; aedeagus 2.50× as long as wide; endophallus with sclerite; dorsal diaphragm semicircular.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Named after the collector of the type serie, Mr Sikora.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♂; one label “  Mdgk. Sikora /  Andrangolaoka [Manjakandriana, forest east from  lake Mantasoa, 1389 m]” [white, printed and handwritten]; NMW.</p><p>Paratypes (7 ex.)</p><p>MADAGASCAR • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 ex.; same data as for holotype; NMW, PCPH •   1 ♂; one label “ASB / May 2011 /01 MADAGASCAR / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=48.425503&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.947638" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 48.425503/lat -18.947638)">Andasibe N.P.</a>;´Belle vue; 2.v. / 2011; S18°56’51.5’’ E48°25’31.8’’ / 1029 m; sifting forest litter; Winkler / app. extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt.”; PCPH  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Yellowish-brown, more elongated, about 2.40–2.50 × as long as wide; body 1.70–1.80 mm long and about 0.72 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, 2.15–2.30 × as long as wide, 1.90–2.00 × as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous, 0.74–0.75 mm long, terminal antennomere slightly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.47 × as wide as long.</p><p>METAVENTRITE. With large median impression, posterior metaventral process long, slender, parallel-sided with two separate setae.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.70–1.75 × as wide as long, 1.60–1.70× as long as pronotum; lacking sutural and discal striae; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral third with pair of subequal teeth.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.60–1.80× as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. Simple, last tarsomere with distal, sharp lamella.</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4C–D). Elongate, 2.50 × as long as wide, distal lobe with round apex; basal bulb and distal lobe well-separated, ratio length of basal bulb / length of distal lobe 1.20; endophallus with sclerite having two differently shaped arms; dorsal diaphragm semicircular.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar (Anjozorobe-Andasibe massif).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A. sikorai sp. nov. is related to  A. spinosus sharing a pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant projections on the posterior portion of the composite tergite. It is separated from  A. spinosus by larger body over 1.7 mm long (length of  A. spinosus 1.4 mm) and having mesotibia lacking inner projection which is well-defined in  A. spinosus .</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFC7EC2FFDA8FE6FFE99FC48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFC5EC29FD96FB89FE99FB05.text	038C879DFFC5EC29FD96FB89FE99FB05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger spinosus (Dajoz 1982)	<div><p>Apoderiger spinosus (Dajoz, 1982)</p><p>Figs 4E–F, 5</p><p>Soalala spinosus Dajoz, 1982: 513 . Type locality: Madagascar Ouest, Soalala. Types: HT ♂ MNHN.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Last antennomere strongly curved in distal portion; posterior metaventral process long, slender, subtriangular with bunch of about 6 long setae; lacking sutural and discal striae; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections; mesotibia with modified distal portion; aedeagus 2.60 × as long as wide; endophallus lacking sclerites.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♂; six labels “Madagascar:  SOALALA / forêt cotière II.1973 / litière A. Peyrieras” [blue, handwritten] // “HOLOTYPE” [red, printed] // “  Soalala spinosa / n. g., n. sp. /Dajoz 1981” [blue, handwritten] //“MUSÉUM PARIS” [blue, printed] // “  Apoderiger Wasm. / =  Soalala Dajoz / Cl. Besuchet / dét. III 1988 ” [white, printed and handwritten]; MNHN.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Yellowish-brown, less elongated, 2.30 × as long as wide; body 1.40 mm long and 0.60 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, 2.25 × as long as wide, about 2.1× as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNAE. Trimerous, 0.76 mm long, terminal antennomere strongly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.54 × as wide as long.</p><p>METAVENTRITE. With large median impression, posterior metaventral process long, slender, subtriangular with bunch of about 6 long setae.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.70 × as wide as long, 1.55 × as long as pronotum; lacking sutural and discal striae; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral third sinuate, with sharp spine on posterior outer corner.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.35 × as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. With large, curved apophysis almost as long as simple mesotarsomere.</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4E–F). Elongate, 2.60 × as long as wide; basal bulb and distal lobe well-separated, ratio length of basal bulb / length of distal lobe 1.70; endophallus lacking sclerites; dorsal diaphragm elliptical.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar ( Soalala district).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>See remarks for  A. sikorai .</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFC5EC29FD96FB89FE99FB05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFC3EC2BFDE2FB24FD5BFA4E.text	038C879DFFC3EC2BFDE2FB24FD5BFA4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger cervinus Wasmann 1897	<div><p>Apoderiger cervinus Wasmann, 1897</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Apoderiger cervinus Wasmann, 1897: 264 . Type locality: Annanarivo in der Provinz Imerina [Antananarivo, province Imerina]. Types: 5 syntype specimens should be deposited in MNHN (Jeannel 1954: 313).</p><p>Apoderiger cervinus – Jeannel 1954: 313 (redescription, habitus, aedeagus); 1960: 203 (diagnosis, distribution, host ants). — Célis 1970: 248 (redescription).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Last antennomere strongly curved in distal portion; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections; mesotibia simple; distal portion of last tarsomere with distal, acute lamella.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype (here designated)</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♀; seven labels “Madagascar/ ( Sikora)” [white, handwritten] //“TYPE” [red, printed] //“♀” [white, printed] // “  Apoderiger /  cervinus Wasm. / n. g. n. sp. Type” [white, handwritten] // “MUSÉUM PARIS /1952 / COLL. R. OBERTHÜR ” [blue, printed] // “  Apoderiger /  cervinus Wasm / Cl. Besuchet / dét 2007” [white, printed and handwritten] // “LECTOTYPE /  APODERIGER /  cervinus WASMANN / P. Hlaváč des., 2023” [red, printed]; MNHN.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Yellowish-brown, less elongated, about 2.2 × as long as wide; body 1.73 mm long and 0.78 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, about 2.38 × as long as wide, 2.07 × as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous, 0.76 mm long, terminal antennomere strongly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.60 × as wide as long.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.75 × as wide as long, 1.60 × as long as pronotum; lacking sutural and discal striae; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral third with cutout between two teeth, inner one larger, triangular, outer one small.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.58 × as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of small, bump-like, widely separated projections.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. Simple, distal portion of last tarsomeres with distal, acute lamella.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Male unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar ( Imerina Plateau).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species belongs to the group of species characterized by having the posterior margin of composite tergite with pair of small, bump-like, wide-distant projections and antennomere 3 in distal portion strongly curved but as long as a male is not found, its further position remains unclear.</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Paratrechina amblyops rubescens (Forel, 1892) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFC3EC2BFDE2FB24FD5BFA4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFC1EC35FDA6F994FE99FECD.text	038C879DFFC1EC35FDA6F994FE99FECD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger banari Hlaváč 2025	<div><p>Apoderiger banari sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E1448F76-E539-4269-8ED8-6DE7D68EE9DA</p><p>Figs 1B, 4G–H, 5</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Terminal antennomere slightly curved in distal portion; metaventral process long, slender, parallel-sided with two separate setae; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of short, triangular, sharp projection which are not exceeding posterior margin of abdomen; mesotibia modified in distal portion; aedeagus strongly elongate, 2.95 × as long as wide; endophallus with large sclerite.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Patronymic, named after my good friend and an excellent collector of litter-dwelling beetles, Peter Baňař, Brno, Czech Republic, who collected many interesting pselaphines in Madagascar.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♂; one label “AJR/ Jan 2019 / sift 7 C MADAGASCAR / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.0/lat -18.0)">Anjozorobe forest</a> 15.i.2019 / sifting forest litter by big tree 1331m / S18° 24.47.4’ E47° 56.33.1’/Winkler app. extr. P. Baňař lgt.” [white, printed]; PCPH.</p><p>Paratypes (11 ex.)</p><p>MADAGASCAR • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; MMBC, PCPH •   1 ♂, 1 ♀; one label “AJR/ Jan 2019/ sift 8 C MADAGASCAR / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.0/lat -18.0)">Anjozorobe forest</a> 17.i.2019 / sifting litter by big  Pandanus, 1394 m / S18° 24.35.5’ E47° 56.43.0’/Winkler app. extr. P. Baňař lgt.” [white, printed]; PCPH  •   1 ♂; one label “  Mdgk. Sikora /  Andrangolaoka [Manjakandriana, forest east from  lake Mantasoa, 1389 m]” [white, printed and handwriten]; NMW  •   2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; one label “AJR/ Jan. 2024 MADAGASCAR /  ANJOZOROBE forest, 6-9.I.2024 / S18°24’35‘‘E, 46°56’45” +/- 500 m / 1290–1420 m, sifting forest/ Winkler app. extraction, P. Hlaváč lgt.” [white, printed]; PCPH  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY (Fig. 2). Yellowish-brown, less elongated, about 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide; body 1.65–1.70 mm long and 0.77–0.80 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, about 2.3 × as long as wide, about 1.7× as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous, 0.75–0.85 mm long, terminal antennomere slightly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.5–1.7 × as wide as long.</p><p>METAVENTRITE. With large median impression, posterior metaventral process long, slender, parallel-sided with two separate setae.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.70–1.85 × as wide as long, 1.50–1.70× as long as pronotum; lacking sutural and discal striae; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral half with two teeth, inner one larger, triangular, outer one sharp, spine-like.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.35–1.45 × as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of short, triangular, sharp projection with are not exceeding posterior margin of abdomen.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. With last tarsomere bearing two sharp thorns in distal portion; distal portion of last mesotarsomere with acute lamella.</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4G–H). Wlongate, about 2.95 × as long as wide, with slightly convergent distal lobe; basal bulb and distal lobe well-separated, ratio length of basal bulb / length of distal lobe 0.95; endophallus with large sclerite; dorsal diaphragm elliptical.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar (Anjozorobe).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>See Remarks for  A. torticornis .</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFC1EC35FDA6F994FE99FECD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
038C879DFFDFEC36FDADFE14FD5BFD3D.text	038C879DFFDFEC36FDADFE14FD5BFD3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apoderiger grandis Hlaváč 2025	<div><p>Apoderiger grandis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CCB3380D-0F5D-487A-AC52-A323DFABD8C1</p><p>Figs 4I–J, 5</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Last antennomere slightly curved in distal portion; posterior metaventral process short, wide with straight margin; elytra with sutural and discal striae; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of long, triangular, closely separated projections clearly exceeding posterior margin of abdomen; mesotibia with median tooth; aedeagus 2.75 × as long as wide, endophallus lacking sclerite.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Named after the large size of the body.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>MADAGASCAR • ♂; two labels “MADAGASCAR:  Antsira- / nana:  R.S. Manongarivo / 20.4 km SW 219° Antana- / mbao, 1860 m, 14°2.72’S / 48°24.06’E, 3.xi.1998 ” [white, printed] // “FMHD#9S-375, montane /rainforest, sifted litter, Winkler, B.L. Fisher, / BF#1990 / FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” [white, printed]; MNHG.</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY. Yellowish-brown, more elongated, about 2.35 × as long as wide; body 2.20 mm long and 0.93 mm wide.</p><p>HEAD. Elongate, about 1.94 × as long as wide, about 1.55 × as long as pronotum.</p><p>ANTENNA. Trimerous, 0.71 mm long, terminal antennomere slightly curved in distal portion.</p><p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, 1.25 × as wide as long.</p><p>METAVENTRITE. Flat, triangular, with median, thin carina, posterior metaventral process short, wide with straight margin.</p><p>ELYTRA. 1.67 × as wide as long, 1.50 × as long as pronotum; sutural stria entire, weakly defined; discal stria reaching distal third of elytral length; humeri strongly projecting; lateral margin with some stout setae; posterior elytral margin in lateral third with cutout, lacking teeth.</p><p>ABDOMEN. 1.87 × as long as elytra; composite tergite in posterior portion with pair of long, triangular, closely separated projections with rounded apex, which are clearly exceeding posterior margin of abdomen.</p><p>MESOTIBIA. With obtuse, short median tooth; last tarsomere simple.</p><p>AEDEAGUS (Fig. 4I–J). Elongate, 2.75 × as long as wide, distal lobe rhomboidal, with three small lobes; basal bulb and distal lobe well-separated, ratio length of basal bulb / length of distal lobe 3.1; endophallus lacking sclerite; dorsal diaphragm elliptical.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Madagascar (Manongarivo Special Reserve).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>See remarks for  A. torticornis .</p><p>Host ant</p><p>Paratrechina amblyops rubescens (Forel, 1892) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C879DFFDFEC36FDADFE14FD5BFD3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hlaváč, Peter	Hlaváč, Peter (2025): The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Madagascar. VIII. Revision of the myrmecophilous clavigerine genus Apoderiger Wasmann, 1897. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 76-95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2811, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2811/12831
