identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A687F36A44FFE928E1FAD8DBFF3409.text	03A687F36A44FFE928E1FAD8DBFF3409.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) wajiira Buenaventura & Valverde-Castro & Wolff 2021	<div><p>Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) wajiira sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 2)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (deposited at CEUA): Co [Colombia] lg [La Guajira departmentdepartment]  Riohacha Barrio Jorge / Perez Urbano intra domiciliario / 11̊32′25.02′'N 72̊55′47.45′'W 10 m/ VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] dia [day] / 17 Jul 2010 C. / Valverde CEUA / 85,089 [hand written] // [red label] HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) /  wajiira Buenaventura, / Valverde-Castro &amp; Wolff, 2020. [Holotype missing anterior right leg and mid left leg; male terminalia dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned under the source specimen.]  Paratypes: 1♂: same data as holotype, but (ZMHB);  1♂: Co [Colombia] lg [La Guajira department]  Riohacha Barrio Jorge Perez Urbano intra domiciliario 11̊32′25.02′'N 72̊55′47.45′'W 10 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] pez [decomposing fish] dia [day] 10 Jul 2010 C. Valverde CEUA 85,086 [hand written] (ZMHB);   1♂: Co [Colombia] lg [La Guajira department]  Uribia Santa Ana Rural peri‑urbano 12̊19′52.3″N 71̊17′55.5″W 16 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit], dia [day] 23–26 Jan 2013 C. Valverde CEUA (CEUA);  1♂: same data but pez [decomposing fish], dia [day] 23–26 Jan 2013 C. Valverde CEUA (CEUA); 1♂: same data but copro [human feces], dia [day] 23–26 Jan 2013 C. Valverde CEUA (CEUA).</p><p>Diagnosis. Amedium-sized species with the following unique combination of character states in the male: apical posteroventral seta of hind tibia not differentiated; cercal prongs divergent but not widely separated in dorsal view; pregonite very flat and small with long setulae; basi- and distiphallus fused, hinge between them not distinct; lateral styli not tube-shaped, but as two symmetric plates, concave longitudinally, as forming a tube between them, each with a small proximal acute tip, squared distally with a preapical, dorsal, recurved tip; ventromedian bridge between lateral styli and proximal to the median stylus not clear; median stylus very elongated and slightly recurved; juxta reduced or absent.</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 11.6 mm (n = 6, SD = 0.26).</p><p>Head. Fronto-orbital and parafacial plates with golden microtrichosity and postocular strip with silver or golden microtrichosity; parafacial plate with short setulae. Frontal vitta blackish. Frons with a row of seven frontal setae, 2–3 below the dorsal limit of the lunula. Outer vertical seta differentiated from postocular setae but much shorter than the inner vertical seta. Gena and postgena blackish with golden microtrichosity; gena with blackish setulosity; postgena with blackish setulosity anteriorly and yellowish setulosity posteriorly. Antenna brown; pedicel length more than twice its width; arista long and plumose on proximal half. Proboscis dark brown. Palpus orangish.</p><p>Thorax. Black in ground color, entirely covered in weak silver microtrichosity, interrupted by three longitudinal blackish or brownish vittae. Chaetotaxy: Acrostichals not differentiated, dorsocentrals 1 + 4 (2 anterior shorter), intra-alars 1 + 2, supra-alars 2 + 3, postpronotals 3, postalars 2, notopleurals 4 (2 long primaries and 2 shorter subprimaries), scutellum marginal 2, scutellum apicals present, discals 1, katepisternals 3, postalar wall setulose. Wing hyaline; vein R1 bare dorsally; vein R4+5 setulose dorsally not reaching crossvein r-m; third costal sector bare ventrally. Legs blackish with silver microtrichosity; mid femur with 4 median anterior setae, 2 posterior preapical and with ctenidium (circular cross-section); mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal and 1 posterior setae; mid and hind tibia with long bristle-like setae on the ventral distal half; hind tibia with 3 anterodorsal and 2 posterodorsal setae and seta apical posteroventral not differentiated.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites and sternites dark brown with silver and golden microtrichosity; tergite 5 dark brown to blackish with golden microtrichosity.</p><p>Terminalia. Sternite 5 reddish and V-shaped with a wide cleft, and two processes close to the median line, which are elongated, distally rounded with short strong setae. Syntergosternite 7 + 8 and epandrium reddish with golden microtrichosity. Cercus reddish and with black tip, with weak golden microtrichosity proximally and black setulosity; cercal prong strongly bent in profile, equibroad proximally, with a subapical lateral expansion and tapering towards apex in posterior view, with short spiny setae leterodorsally, with cercal tip slightly curved ventrally, bare (without setulae or microtrichosity) and acute in dorsal view. Surstylus reddish, knot-shaped distally with apical, short, strong setae, and as long as the half cercal-prong length. Pregonite reddish, flat with proximal setae. Postgonite dark brown, straight with one short seta anteriorly closer to the postgonite apex than to the base. Basiphallus tubular and very long. Distiphallus either completely reduced or merging imperceptibly with basiphallus. Paraphallus not surrounding the acrophallus. Vesica reduced. Acrophallic structures emerging at the distal level of the distiphallus and visible in any view; lateral styli not tube-shaped, but as two symmetric plates, concave longitudinally, as forming a tube between them, each with a small proximal acute tip, squared distally with a preapical, dorsal, recurved tip; capitis flat and simple; median stylus elongated and slightly recurved.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Colombia (La Guajira).</p><p>Biology.  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) wajiira sp. nov. was collected only in urban and peri‑urban environments in and around built-up areas, which indicates synanthropy. Adult males are attracted to and possibly feed on fermented fruit, decomposing fish and human feces.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet, which should be treated as a noun in apposition, refers to the department of the type locality, “La Guajira”, written as  “wajiira ” in the wayuunaiki language of the Wayuu people. The Wayuu is an indigenous American ethnic group constituting the largest portion of the inhabitants of the Guajira Peninsula in the northernmost part of Colombia and northwest Venezuela.</p><p>Remarks.  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) wajiira sp. nov. has no obvious morphological affinities with any known species of the genus  Blaesoxipha . However, four species of the subgenus  Gigantotheca Townsend share a few features with  B. (G.) wajiira sp. nov. These four species are  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) guadalupensis Arnaud, 1963,  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) impar (Aldrich, 1916),  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) isla Curran, 1934 and  Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) mystica Pape, 1994, but none of these has a phallus with a median stylus as slender and as elongated as in  B. (G.) wajiira sp. nov (Fig. 2H). Both of the species  B. (G.) mystica and  B. (G.) wajiira sp. nov. have a small pregonite (Fig. 2G–H), but they can easily be separated by their dissimilar cerci and the shape of the processes close to the median line of the male sternite 5, among other features of the male terminalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A44FFE928E1FAD8DBFF3409	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A42FFE82A4FF9ADDC6634C5.text	03A687F36A42FFE82A4FF9ADDC6634C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidodexia deborarangoa Buenaventura & Valverde-Castro & Wolff 2021	<div><p>Lepidodexia deborarangoa sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 3)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (deposited at CEUA): Co [Colombia] bl [Bolívar department]  Villa Nueva Finca El Peligro / Bosque seco [ dry forest] 10̊25′57.59′'N / 75̊14′52.01′'W 302 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] noche [night] / 18 Ago 2010 C. Valverde CEUA / 85,082 [hand written] // [red label] HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Lepidodexia /  deborarangoa Buenaventura, / Valverde-Castro &amp; Wolff, 2020. [Holotype missing anterior legs and mid left leg, left wing broken on costal vein; male terminalia dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned under the source specimen.]</p><p>Diagnosis. Amedium-sized species with the following unique combination of character states in the male: wing veins R1 and R4+5 with dorsal setae; wing vein CuA1 bare dorsally; surstylus finger-shaped and slightly longer than half the length of the cercal prong; vesica bipartite with a C-shaped medial section with lateral ends curving inwards with hook-like tips.</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 6.9 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Head. Fronto-orbital and parafacial plates with golden microtrichosity and postocular strip with golden microtrichosity; parafacial plate bare. Frontal vitta reddish. Frons with a row of six frontal setae. Outer vertical seta differentiated from postocular setae and shorter than inner vertical seta. Gena and postgena blackish with silver microtrichosity; gena with blackish setulosity; postgena with blackish setulosity anteriorly and yellowish setulosity posteriorly. Antenna brown; pedicel length more than twice its width; arista long and plumose on three basal fourths. Proboscis dark brown. Palpus blackish.</p><p>Thorax. Black in ground color, entirely covered in silver microtrichosity, interrupted by three longitudinal equibroad black vittae. Chaetotaxy: Acrostichals 0 + 1 (hair-like), dorsocentrals 2 + 3, intra-alars 1 + 2, supra-alars 1 + 2, postpronotals 2, postalars 2, notopleurals 4 (2 long primaries and 2 shorter subprimaries), scutellum marginal 4 (1 long proximal, 1 short subproximal, 1 long preapical, 1 apical), discals 1, katepisternals 3, postalar wall setulose. Wing hyaline; vein R1 setulose on dorsal basal half; vein R4+5 setulose dorsally not reaching crossvein r-m; third costal sector setulose ventrally. Legs blackish with silver microtrichosity; mid femur with four median anterior setae, two preapical and without ctenidium; hind femur with two rows of anterodorsal and one row of anteroventral setae; mid tibia with three anterodorsal (1 proximal and 2 at mid tibial length), 1 anteroventral, 1 posterodorsal and 1 anteroventral; hind tibia with 3 anterodorsal, 2 anteroventral, 3 posterodorsal setae and without apical posteroventral seta.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites and sternites dark brown with silver microtrichosity; tergite 5 yellowish.</p><p>Terminalia. Sternite 5 yellowish and V-shaped with a cleft of subparallel sides. Syntergosternite 7 + 8 and epandrium yellowish with golden microtrichosity. Cercus blackish with golden microtrichosity and black setulosity, straight in profile, tapering towards apex in posterior view, with cercal tip slightly curved ventrally, bare (without setulae or microtrichosity) and blunt in dorsal view. Surstylus brown with scattered apical setulae, finger-shaped and slightly longer than half the length of the cercal prong. Pregonite blackish, curved along length with blunt tip, two thirds of phallic length. Postgonite blackish with slightly curved apex and one long seta anteriorly. Right postgonite with broken apex. Phallus with a distinct hinge between basi- and distiphallus. Paraphallus partially surrounding the acrophallus. Paraphallic apical expansions distally rounded and darker. Harpes weakly sclerotized proximally and strongly sclerotized and rounded distally, spreading ventro-medially over the base of the lateral styli. Vesica bipartite with a C-shaped medial section with lateral ends curving inwards with hook-like tips and distal spine-like processes. Acrophallic structures emerging at the distal level of the paraphallus and visible in lateral view; all styli tube-shaped with distinct openings; lateral styli proximally curved with basal part visible in posterior view as a blackish plate and distally straight; capitis flat and simple; median stylus straight. Juxta entirely separated from acrophallic structures, slightly displaced anteriorly relative to longitudinal axis of phallus, slightly arching and deeply divided medially giving two rounded tips.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Colombia (Bolívar).</p><p>Biology.  Lepidodexia deborarangoa sp. nov. was collected only in tropical dry forest, which indicates anthropophoby or asynanthropy. The adult male is attracted to and possibly feeds on fermented fruit.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet, which should be treated as a noun in apposition, is given in honor of the Colombian artist Débora Arango Pérez, who used her artwork to explore many controversial issues related to corruption in politics, the role of the Roman Catholic Church to dictatorships, the Banana massacre and the role of women in her time, and who has served as inspiration for enlightening the public on important issues such as female empowerment in all spheres of society.</p><p>Remarks.  Lepidodexia deborarangoa sp. nov. has closer morphological affinities to the subgenera  Johnsonia and  Notochaetisca (sensu Pape, 1996) than to any other subgenus of  Lepidodexia studied here. However,  L. deborarangoa sp. nov. can be separated from species of  Johnsonia and  Notochaetisca using the setosity of the wing veins. Neotropical species of  Johnsonia have dorsal setae on wing veins R1, R4+5 and CuA1, species of  Notochaetisca have dorsal setae only on R4+5, while  L. deborarangoa sp. nov. has dorsal setae on R1 and R4+5, but not on CuA1. A few species currently assigned to  Johnsonia do not share the configuration of the setosity of the wing veins mentioned above. These are Nearctic species  Lepidodexia (Johnsonia) miamensis Townsend, 1918 and  Lepidodexia (Johnsonia) strigosa Reinhard, 1945 (formerly separated in the genus-group taxon  Camptopsis Townsend) and Nearctic-Neotropical species  Lepidodexia (Johnsonia) rufitibia Wulp, 1895 (formerly separated in the genus-group taxon  Sthenopyga Aldrich), which do not have dorsal setae on wing vein CuA1 as Neotropical species of subgenus  Johnsonia . However,  L. deborarangoa sp. nov. can be separated from L.  (J.) miamensis and L.  (J.) strigosa using the proclinate fronto-orbital setae, which are absent in  L. deborarangoa sp. nov. and present in L.  (J.) miamensis and L.  (J.) strigosa . Similarly,  L. deborarangoa sp. nov. can be separated from L.  (J.) rufitibia using the body coloration. The reddish legs and grayish body of L.  (J.) rufitibia are distinct from the black legs and blackish body of  L. deborarangoa sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A42FFE82A4FF9ADDC6634C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A43FFEA28A5F961DBBF372A.text	03A687F36A43FFEA28A5F961DBBF372A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxysarcodexia luriza Buenaventura & Valverde-Castro & Wolff 2021	<div><p>Oxysarcodexia luriza sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 4)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (deposited at CEUA): Co [Colombia] at [Atlántico department]  Usiacury Vda Luriza, Reserva / Natural Bosque seco [ dry forest] / 10̊45′10.72″N 75̊02′08.59″W 187 m / VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] copro [human feces] dia [day] 29 Mar 2013 C. / Valverde CEUA 85,337 [hand written] // [red label] HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Oxysarcodexia /  luriza Buenaventura, / Valverde-Castro &amp; Wolff, 2020. [Holotype in good condition; male terminalia dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned under the source specimen.]  Paratypes: 1♂: same data as holotype (CEUA); 1♂: same data as holotype but 30 Mar 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 88,328 [hand written] (CEUA);  4♂: Co [Colombia] ce [Cesar department] Copey Vda Tierras Nuevas Fca [farm]  Los Caminos de la Vida Bosque [forest] 10̊13′34.0″N 73̊47′38.9″W 493 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] pez [decomposing fish] dia [day] 17 Mar 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 85,253 [hand written] (CEUA);  1♂: same data but (ZMHB); 2♂: same data but copro [human feces] dia [day] 17 Mar 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 85,248 [hand written] (ZMHB) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Asmall to medium-sized species with the following, unique combination of character states in the male: cercal prong straight; cercal tip completely bare and shiny black; pregonite black, strongly sclerotized and uniformly curved; phallus reddish and slightly bent anteriorly; vesical arm-shaped lever curved; outer membranous undulations of the distal section of the vesica are directed ventroapically and they run at a lower level than the median part of the distal section of the vesica; distal section of the vesica W-shaped from apical view.</p><p>Description. Male. Total length 7.0 mm (n = 10, SV = 0.74).</p><p>Head. Fronto-orbital and parafacial plates with intense golden microtrichosity and postocular strip with golden microtrichosity; parafacial plate bare. Frontal vitta blackish. Frons with a row of 7–9 frontal setae. Outer vertical seta not differentiated from postocular setae. Gena and postgena blackish with golden microtrichosity; gena with blackish setulosity; postgena with mostly blackish setulosity and a few yellowish setulae posteriorly. Antenna brown; pedicel length more than twice its width; arista long and plumose on three basal fourths. Proboscis dark brown. Palpus blackish.</p><p>Thorax. Black in ground color, entirely covered in silver microtrichosity, interrupted by three longitudinal equibroad black or brownish vittae. Chaetotaxy: Acrostichals 0 + 1 (hair-like), dorsocentrals 2 + 4 (2 anterior shorter), intra-alars 2 + 2, supra-alars 1 + 2, postpronotals 2, postalars 2, notopleurals 4 (2 long primaries and 2 shorter subprimaries), scutellum marginal 2, discals 1, katepisternals 3, postalar wall setulose. Wing hyaline; vein R1 bare dorsally; vein R4+5 setulose dorsally not reaching crossvein r-m; third costal sector bare ventrally. Legs blackish with weak silver microtrichosity; mid femur with 5 median anterior setae, 2 preapical and with ctenidium (oval cross-section); hind femur with 1 row of anterodorsal and 1 row of anteroventral setae; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal; hind tibia with 3 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal setae and without apical posteroventral seta.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites and sternites blackish with patches of silver microtrichosity dorsally on tergites 1–3, golden microtrichosity dorsally on tergites 4–5 and golden microtrichosity laterally on tergites 1–4; tergite 5 yellowish with dorsal golden microtrichosity.</p><p>Terminalia. Sternite 5 yellowish; posterior margin with a deep cleft; inner margin of each side of the cleft slightly expanded, making the cleft narrow, with subparallel sides; each expansions with a subsquared distal margin. Syntergosternite 7 + 8 yellowish, with golden microtrichosity, scattered setulae and 8 strong marginal setae. Epandrium yellowish, with golden microtrichosity and scattered setulae. Cerci reddish with golden microtrichosity proximally and black and shiny on the cercal apex; cercal base bent posteriorly and cercal prong straight in lateral view; cercal prong abruptly narrowed near the base and equibroad along its length to the pointed apex. Surstylus wide, with a rounded apex, and sparse marginal and discal black setulae. Postgonite dark brown, slender, slightly curved apically, with a hook-shaped apex. Pregonite sickle-shaped, narrow, tapering and uniformly curved, with a acute apex. Phallus with a desclerotized band between basi- and distiphallus. Paraphallus antero-proximally with a lateral triangular extension above the vesica; paraphallus slightly bent ventrally. Vesica strongly sclerotized and reddish proximally; vesical arm-shaped lever not elongated and strongly angled in lateral view; distal section of the vesica with a W-shaped ornamentation consisting of a medial sclerotized convex undulation that continues in an outer concave membranous undulation, which ends in membranous tip pointing to the proximoventral part of the phallus. Acrophallus with a short median process, two lateral styli and circular capitis. Juxta sclerotized, yellowish, hood-shaped with a proximal convex membranous expansion, with the medial juxtal margin smooth and notched in frontoapical view.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Colombia (Atlántico, Cesar).</p><p>Biology.  Oxysarcodexia luriza sp. nov. was collected only in tropical dry forests, which indicates anthropophoby or asynanthropy. The adult males are attracted and possibly feed on decomposing fish and human feces.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet, which should be treated as a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality, the Luriza Nature Reserve. Some of the few relictual primary tropical dry forests in the Atlántico department are protected in this Reserve, which has important vegetation and soil cover, place of refuge for many native species in danger of extinction such as howler monkeys. Thus, this species honors this Reserve area and managers behind it, who make collective efforts to protect the threatened tropical dry forests of the Colombian Caribbean.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to  Oxysarcodexia comparilis (Reinhard, 1939),  Oxysarcodexia culminata (Aldrich, 1916) and  Oxysarcodexia occulta Lopes, 1946 . However, differences in the terminalia can aid their separation. Only  Oxysarcodexia luriza sp. nov. has the cercal tip completely bare and shiny black (Fig. 4D), while  O. comparilis,  O. culminata and  O. occulta have at least short subapical or apical setulae on the cercal tip, which can be dark but never completely bare and shiny black. The phallus and pregonite of  O. luriza sp. nov. also resembles those of  O. comparilis, but  O. luriza sp. nov. can be separated by the reddish phallus slightly bent anteriorly (Fig. 4C) and the very dark pregonite (Fig. 4C–E). The shape of the cercal prong and vesical arm-shaped lever can also be used to distinguish  O. luriza sp. nov. from  O. culminata . The cercal prong is slightly angled in  O. culminata while straight in  O. luriza sp. nov. (Fig. 4C), and the vesical arm-shaped lever is angled in  O. culminata while curved in  O. luriza sp. nov. The phallus profiles of  O. luriza sp. nov. and  O. occulta are very similar, but the juxta is slightly projected anteriorly in  O. occulta while it is symmetric and uniformly rounded in  O. luriza sp. nov. (Fig. 4E). Also, the outer membranous undulations of the distal section of the vesica are longer and they run at the same level as the median part of the distal section of the vesica in  O. occulta, while these undulations are smaller in  O. luriza sp. nov., directed ventroapically and they run at a lower level than the median part of the distal section of the vesica (Fig. 4C–E).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A43FFEA28A5F961DBBF372A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A41FFEA2A14FA4ADD8F34F9.text	03A687F36A41FFEA2A14FA4ADD8F34F9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Udamopyga iku Buenaventura & Valverde-Castro & Wolff 2021	<div><p>Udamopyga iku sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 5)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ (deposited at CEUA): Co [Colombia] ce [Cesar department]  Copey Vda Tierras Nuevas / Fca [farm]  Los Caminos de la Vida Bos- / que [forest] 10̊13′34.0″N 73̊47′38.9″W 493 m / VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] dia [day] 16 Mar 2013 C. / Valverde // [red label] HOLOTYPE ♂ /  Udamopyga /  iku Buenaventura, / Valverde-Castro &amp; Wolff, 2020. [terminalia of holotype in good condition and dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned; remaining body parts removed for DNA extraction]. Mitochondrial COI barcode region available via GenBank accession number MT926455.</p><p>Diagnosis. Aspecies with the following, unique combination of character states in the male: apex of surstylus rounded and wide; vesica whitish and membranous in appearance, which contrasts with the rest of the phallus, which is dark and sclerotized; vesica, in lateral view, with a rounded ventral notch formed by the distal folds which make the vesica larger distally than proximally; distal section of the vesica folded inwards; juxta sclerotized, proximally dark brown and distally almost translucent; juxta sub-squared, large, with a deep notch medially.</p><p>Description. Male.</p><p>Terminalia. Abdominal sternite 5 with a widely V-shaped cleft; posterior margin of the male abdominal sternite 5 with a slight undulation halfway between the angle and the tip of the V, and a rounded distal expansion. Syntergosternite 7 + 8 yellowish, with short setae. Epandrium as high as long, yellowish with long and slender setae. Cercus straight (lateral view); cercal prong gradually tapering in the middle but distally as thick as the proximal part; cercal prong proximally yellowish and distally light brown; cercal prongs fused to tip; cercal prong with a proximal tuft of long, black, curved setae dorsally; cercal tip rounded with short, thin setae dorsally and ventrally. Surstylus medium, almost as long as ½ cercal length, with rounded and wide apex; surstylus with scattered setulae on anterior margin only. Pregonite finger-shaped, curved proximally and straight distally; pregonite yellowish proximally and light brown distally. Postgonite dark brownish with a slightly curved apex and one long seta anteriorly. Phallus with a distinct hinge between basi- and distiphallus. Basiphallus short, less than ½ phallic length and slightly broadening distally; basiphallus with a dorsal longitudinal keel. Distiphallus, in lateral view, slightly constricted at point of connection with basiphallus and gradually broadening distally; distiphallus well sclerotized dorsally and less sclerotized ventrally. Paraphallus tubular and gradually broadening distally, with dorsal margin curved. Vesica composed of two petal-like lateral plates; each petal-like lateral plate of vesica with a distal fold and a vesical proximal denticulated lobe; distal fold of vesica rounded, whitish and almost translucent; vesica, in lateral view, with a rounded ventral notch formed by the distal folds which make the vesica larger dorsally than ventrally; vesica whitish and membranous in appearance, which contrasts with the rest of the phallus, which is dark and sclerotized. Acrophallus formed of a capitis, lateral styli and a median stylus; lateral styli tube-shaped and with an outlet; capitis flat and simple; median stylus tube-shaped and with an outlet. Juxta slightly recessed within the paraphallus; juxta sclerotized, proximally dark brown and distally almost translucent; juxta sub-squared, large, with a deep notch medially.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Colombia (Cesar).</p><p>Biology.  Udamopyga iku sp. nov. was collected on fermented fruit, only in tropical dry forests, which indicates anthropophoby or asynanthropy.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet, which should be treated as a noun in apposition, is given in honor of the Arhuaco indigenous people of Colombia, who identify themselves as Iku, which translates as “people” in the Ika language.  Udamopyga iku sp. nov. was collected in the foothills of the mountain complex Sierra Nevada de Santa  Marta, a territory ancestrally protected by the Arhuaco people. In the Iku view of the world, their role is not to own the land, but to protect life.</p><p>Remarks.  Udamopyga iku sp. nov. resembles  Udamopyga bartica (Curran &amp; Walley, 1934) and  Udamopyga malacophila Lopes, 1940 in some features of their terminalia. However,  U. iku sp. nov. differs from  U. bartica and  U. malacophila in the shape of the apex of the surstyli, which is rounded and wide in  U. iku sp. nov. (Fig. 5A–B) while acute in  U. bartica and  U. malacophila .  Udamopyga iku sp. nov. can also be separated from  U. malacophila by the shape of the vesica, which has a distal section folded inwards in  U. iku sp. nov. (Fig. 5C) while this section is not folded in  U. malacophila .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A41FFEA2A14FA4ADD8F34F9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A41FFE528FEF8C2D9E23748.text	03A687F36A41FFE528FEF8C2D9E23748.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidodexia (Notochaeta) woodi (Lopes 1985)	<div><p>Lepidodexia (Notochaeta) woodi (Lopes, 1985)</p><p>Material examined.   1♂: Co [Colombia] bl [Bolívar department]  Villa Nueva Finca El Peligro Bosque seco [dry forest] 10̊25′57.59′'N/ 75̊14′52.01′'W 302 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] dia [day] 19 Ago 2010 C. Valverde CEUA 85,081 [hand written] (CEUA);  1♂: same data but (ZMHB); 1♂: same data but noche [night] 19 Ago 2010 C. Valverde CEUA 85,082 [hand written] [male terminalia in good condition dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned; remaining body parts removed for DNA extraction] (ZMHB). Mitochondrial COI barcode region publicly available via GenBank accession number MT926454.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Colombia* (Bolívar), Ecuador, Venezuela.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A41FFE528FEF8C2D9E23748	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A4EFFE52A7CFAECDA523680.text	03A687F36A4EFFE52A7CFAECDA523680.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyvinia wicharti (Lopes 1953)	<div><p>Oxyvinia wicharti (Lopes, 1953)</p><p>Material examined.   1♂: Co [Colombia] ce [Cesar department]  Copey Vda Tierras Nuevas, Fca [finca]  Los Caminos de la Vida Bosque [forest] 10̊13′34.0″N 73̊47′38.9″W 493 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] dia [day] 16 Mar 2013 C. Valverde [male terminalia in good condition dry-mounted and glued on a squared piece of card and pinned; remaining body parts removed for DNA extraction] (ZMHB). Mitochondrial COI barcode region publicly available via GenBank accession number MT926456.</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), Colombia* (Cesar).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A4EFFE52A7CFAECDA523680	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
03A687F36A4EFFE728C1FB25D9CE3071.text	03A687F36A4EFFE728C1FB25D9CE3071.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sarcofahrtiopsis spinetta Mulieri and Dufek 2019	<div><p>Sarcofahrtiopsis spinetta Mulieri and Dufek, 2019</p><p>Material examined.   1♂: Co [Colombia] co [Córdoba department] Montería Sierra Chiquita 8̊43′57′'N 75̊54′10.2′'W 26 m  Bosque [forest] VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] fruta [fermented fruit] dia [day] 10 Jun 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 88,302 [hand written] (CEUA);  1♂: same data but 9 Jun 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 88,306 [hand written] (CEUA); 1♂: same data but 9 Jun 2013 C. Valverde CEUA 88,307 [hand written] (ZMHB); 1♂: Co [Colombia] su [Sucre department] San Onofre Rincón del Mar Cabecera municipal Rural 9̊45′56.69′'N 75̊41′00.15′' 2 m VSR [Van Someren-Rydon trap] pez [decomposing fish] 30 Jul 2013 C. Valverde (ZMHB).</p><p>Distribution. NEOTROPICAL – Argentina (Chaco), Colombia* (Córdoba, Sucre).</p><p>Remarks. In the original description of  S. spinetta, the juxta is described as having a ‘well-developed apical process’ (Mulieri and Dufek, 2019). Our specimens clearly show the juxtal apical process medially membranous and apically divided, giving two apical lobes, which is a feature shared with the holotype (pers. comm. P. Mulieri). Also, the surstylus seems to vary in shape among specimens, being triangular in the holotype, while the surstylus apex is slightly more elongated in our specimens (Fig. 6B). The posterior margin of sternite V is slightly more curved in our specimens (Fig. 6A) than in the paratype of  S. spinetta .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687F36A4EFFE728C1FB25D9CE3071	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Buenaventura, Eliana;Valverde-Castro, César;Wolff, Marta	Buenaventura, Eliana, Valverde-Castro, César, Wolff, Marta (2021): New carrion-visiting flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from tropical dry forests of Colombia and their phylogenetic affinities. Acta Tropica 213: 1-14, DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105720
