identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A287F9FFF9FFCFFF11FA2845929E34.text	03A287F9FFF9FFCFFF11FA2845929E34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anchimothon Fennah 1952	<div><p>Genus Anchimothon Fennah, 1952</p><p>Type species: Anchimothon parishi Muir, 1918</p><p>Amended Diagnosis. Robust, medium sized (4 – 5 mm) planthoppers. Head barely projected in front of eyes. Vertex trapezoidal, anterior margin nearly truncate (apical transverse carinae indistinct or absent), lateral margin bearing one or more rows of pits, extending to frontoclypeal margin of frons. Frons narrowed, concave, lateral margins foliate, median carina absent. Paradiscal region of pronotum strongly foliate (apices exceeding antennae), forming conspicuous C-shaped postantennal crest behind antennae. Forewing with RA 2-branched, both branches terminating along costal margin, creating sub-rectangular cell. Terminalia bilaterally symmetrical except aedeagus. Medioventral process of pygofer well developed; inner processes of gonostyli quadrate to subquadrate; aedeagus asymmetrical with pair of basal processes, one process (usually) bifid.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287F9FFF9FFCFFF11FA2845929E34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barrantes, Edwin A.;Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A.;Bartlett, Charles R.;Mou, De-Fen;Helmick, Ericka E.;Bahder, Brian W.	Barrantes, Edwin A., Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A., Bartlett, Charles R., Mou, De-Fen, Helmick, Ericka E., Bahder, Brian W. (2025): New planthoppers in the genus Anchimothon (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae), with a key to the genus and an updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Cenchreini. Zootaxa 5683 (3): 417-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5
03A287F9FFFEFFC4FF11FF38474A9DB8.text	03A287F9FFFEFFC4FF11FF38474A9DB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anchimothon hippocampus Bahder & Bartlett 2025	<div><p>Anchimothon hippocampus Bahder &amp; Bartlett sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 2 – 6)</p><p>Type Locality. Costa Rica, Puntarenas Province, Loma .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body yellow-fuscous, wings dark fuscous. Male terminalia with medioventral process of pygofer very large, heart-shaped in ventral view. Aedeagus bearing simple falciform processes on lateral margins (right process small and upcurved, left process large and downcurved). Anal segment in lateral view with ventroapical margin strongly produced, subapical ventral margin appearing deeply concave.</p><p>Description. Color. Ground color yellow-orange generously washed with fuscous (Fig. 2), venter paler. Forewings dark fuscous, veins pallid, apical margin red, abdominal tergites, sternites and terminalia dark fuscous (Fig. 2).</p><p>Structure. Body length (with wings), male 3.1–3.3 mm (n=3), female 3.6–3.8 mm (n=3; Table 3). Head. In dorsal view (Fig 3A), head narrower than pronotum. Vertex trapezoidal, disc concave, median carina present; anterior margin nearly truncate (slightly concave), posterior margin concave, posterior margin about 1.7x length of midline; lateral margins with two conspicuous rows of sensory pits, pits in outer row oval and uniform in size and larger than irregularly sized pits in inner row; in lateral view (Fig. 3B), head rounded in profile, extending slightly beyond eyes. In frontal view (Fig. 3C), frons concave medially, lateral margins foliate, moderately narrow, narrowest dorsally, expanding from dorsal margin, constricting slightly before frontoclypeal suture; median carina absent; a row of sensorial pits on lateral margins from dorsal margin to frontoclypeal suture interspersed with additional smaller pits (mostly along lateral carinae forming partial second row). Frontoclypeal suture nearly truncate (weakly serpentine). Clypeus triangular, narrow and elongated. Compound eyes in lateral view (Fig. 3B) nearly hemispherical, emarginated above antennae and along posterior margin. Lateral ocelli near anteroventral margin of eyes, anterior to antennae. Antennae short, scape ringlike, pedicle ovoid, just longer than wide, bearing many sensory plaques, flagellum bristlelike with bulbous base.</p><p>Thorax. Pronotum in dorsal view (Fig. 3A) narrow (midline about 0.7x length of vertex) midline), convex at anterior margin, broadly concave at posterior margin; tricarinate (lateral carinae following posterior margin of head); in lateral view (Fig. 3B), paradiscal region strongly foliate (apices distinctly exceeding antennae from frontal view, Fig. 3C), forming a C-shaped postantennal crest behind the antennae, ventral margin curled dorsad from anterior view. Mesonotum in dorsal view (Fig. 3A), slightly wider than long at midpoint, at midline about 2x cumulative length of vertex + pronotum; tricarinate, median carina obsolete posteriorly, lateral carinae parallel and distinctly sinuate, obsolete posteriorly. From lateral view (Fig. 3B) mesonotum arched above level of pronotum and head, pronotum anteriorly declinate. Forewing (Fig. 4) broad, elongate oval, leading and trailing margins subparallel (weakly expanded distally); claval apex just distad of midlength, Pcu vein bearing tubercles (absent on base of R), Pcu reaching CuP before fusion with A1; composite vein M+R+ScP with short stem before MP branch, branch of RP from RA+ScP soon after, both forks well proximad of CuA fork, first fork of MP well distad of CuA fork; branching pattern RA 2-branched, RP 2-branched, MP 5-branched, CuA 2-branched. RA branches enclosing open subrectangular marginal cell. Hind tibia with lateral teeth absent, apical spinulation 5-6-6.</p><p>Terminalia. Pygofer in lateral view (Fig. 5A) narrow, irregularly sinuate at anterior and posterior margin, narrowed medially, broadest basally, medioventral process strongly curved dorsad; in ventral view (Fig. 5B), medioventral process broad, taller than wide, apex strongly medially envaginated, rounded laterally (appearing broadly cordate). Gonostyli in lateral view broad (Fig. 5A), large and broad, irregularly spatulate, apex truncate with triangular process dorsoapically, dorsal margin broadly triangular, angulate just distad of midpoint, bearing complex dorsal process present in basal third, process crescent-shaped, opening posteriorly, internal tooth-like process arising at midpoint, angled posteriorly; ventral margin broadly convex except truncated processes of inner margins extending slightly ventrad (to form short and broad truncate projection; in ventral view (Fig. 5B), relatively slender and subparallel sided, broadest near base, each bearing a large medial process in basal ¼, processes sub-quadrate, posterior margin rounded, anterior margin linear, margins narrowing posterior to inner processes. Aedeagus (Fig. 6) bilaterally asymmetrical, shaft irregularly tubular, upcurved bearing two processes; first process (A1, Fig. 6A) arising just before midlength on right dorsolateral side, relatively short, slender, falciform and upcurved; second process (A2) on left lateral side (Fig. 6B), arising at level with A1, broader and more elongated, falciform and downcurved, broad basally tapering distad; endosoma complex, retrorse, asymmetrical, bearing five processes; first pair of processes (E1 &amp; E2) arising dorsoapically, nearly straight, tapering distad, approximately reaching midlength of shaft, third process (E3, Fig. 6A) arising subapically on right lateral side, slightly shorter than E1 and E2; fourth process (E4) arising on left lateral side, angled ventrad and cephalad, slightly longer than E1 and E2, fifth process (E5) stout, taping distad, arising medially, approximately as long as E4.Anal segment in lateral view (Fig. 5A) slightly sinuate on dorsal margin, ventral margin sinuate (broadest just before midlength), lateroapical margins strongly produced into elongated downward projecting horn-like distally tapering processes (giving subapical ventral margin a strongly convave appearance); epiproct and paraproct apical, short.</p><p>Plant Associations. African oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Arecaceae).</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica (Puntarenas Province).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin term ‘ hippocampus ’ (derived from the Greek root ‘hippos’ = horse + Latin “campus” = sea-animal) as a reference to the shape of the anal segment, which resembles a seahorse.</p><p>Material Examined. Holotype male, “ Costa Rica, Puntarenas Pr. / Loma, roadside / 06-VI-2021 / Coll.: B.W. Bahder / Sweeping palms / Anchimothon hippocampus ♂ ” (FLREC) . Paratypes (18 males, 6 females) same as holotype (FLREC) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287F9FFFEFFC4FF11FF38474A9DB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barrantes, Edwin A.;Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A.;Bartlett, Charles R.;Mou, De-Fen;Helmick, Ericka E.;Bahder, Brian W.	Barrantes, Edwin A., Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A., Bartlett, Charles R., Mou, De-Fen, Helmick, Ericka E., Bahder, Brian W. (2025): New planthoppers in the genus Anchimothon (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae), with a key to the genus and an updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Cenchreini. Zootaxa 5683 (3): 417-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5
03A287F9FFF2FFC1FF11FB5D429F9B24.text	03A287F9FFF2FFC1FF11FB5D429F9B24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anchimothon sphinx Bahder & Bartlett 2025	<div><p>Anchimothon sphinx Bahder &amp; Bartlett sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 7 – 11)</p><p>Type Locality. Costa Rica, Alajuela Province, Hotel Villa Blanca .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body tan, legs and head yellow-fuscous, medioventral process in ventral view constricting then expanding, rounded at apex, aedeagus semi-translucent with gold coloration, bifid process on left lateral side, deeply bifid with dorsal process curled.</p><p>Description. Color. Ground color tan (Fig. 7), head and legs pallid, abdomen darker, forewings translucent fuscous, veins pallid, apical margin light red to pink.</p><p>Structure. Body length (with wings), male 6.2 mm (n=2), female 6.5 mm (n=4; Table 4). Head. In dorsal view (Fig 8A), head narrower than pronotum. Vertex trapezoidal (dorsal view), disc depressed, anterior margin nearly truncate (slightly concave), posterior margin concave, approximately1.5x wider at posterior margin than long at midline, lateral margins with two rows of sensory pits, pits in outer row larger than inner, extending length of margin; in lateral view (Fig. 8B), profile rounded, extending slightly beyond eyes. In frontal view (Fig. 8C), frons concave medially, lateral margins foliate, moderately narrow, narrowest dorsally, expanding from dorsal margin, constricting slightly before frontoclypeal suture; median carina absent; a row of sensorial pits on lateral margins from dorsal margin to frontoclypeal suture interspersed with additional smaller pits forming partial second row. Frontoclypeal suture nearly truncate (weakly serpentine). Clypeus triangular, narrow and elongated. Compound eyes in lateral view (Fig. 8B) nearly hemispherical, emarginated above antennae and along posterior margin. Lateral ocelli near anteroventral margin of eyes, anterior to antennae. Antennae short, scape ringlike, pedicle ovoid, just longer than wide, bearing many sensory plaques, flagellum bristlelike with bulbous base.</p><p>Thorax. Pronotum in dorsal view (Fig. 8A) short (length about 0.6x vertex at midline). Anterior margin convex (following profile of head), posterior margin broadly concave; tricarinate; in lateral view (Fig. 8B), pronotum anteriorly declinate, paradiscal region strongly foliate (apices distinctly exceeding antennae from frontal view, (Fig. 8C), forming a C-shaped postantennal crest behind the antennae, ventral margin curled dorsad from anterior view. Mesonotum in dorsal view wider than long at midpoint, tricarinate, middle carina obsolete posteriorly, lateral carinae sinuate, nearly parallel (posteriorly weakly curved medially), becoming obsolete near midpoint (Fig. 8A). Forewing broad (Fig. 9), elongate-oval; claval apex near midlength, Pcu and R veins bearing tubercles, Pcu reaching CuP before fusion with A1; composite vein M+R+ScP with short stem before MP branch, branch of RP from RA+ScP soon after, both well proximad of fork in CuA; branching pattern RA 2-branched, RP 2-branched, MP 5-branched, CuA 2-branched; RA branches form open sub-rectangular marginal cell. Hind tibia with lateral teeth absent, apical spinulation 5-6-6.</p><p>Terminalia. Pygofer in lateral view (Fig. 10A) narrow, irregular in shape, irregularly sinuate on anterior and posterior margin, broadest ventrally, dorsal margin in dorsal view (Fig, 10C) hidden beneath anal tube; in lateral view (Fig. 10A), medioventral process angled dorsad; in ventral view (Fig. 10B), medioventral process large and spatulate, broadest at base, constricted distally, then expanded beyond midpoint, constricted subapically into broadly rounded apex. Gonostyli in lateral view (Fig. 10A, D) broad and spatulate, narrowest basally, apices (Fig. 10E) prolonged into acuminate apical process, curved dorsomesad; in ventral view (Fig. 10B), appearing slender with large subquadrate projections on inner margin. Aedeagus complex (Fig. 11), asymmetrical, aedeagal shaft tubular, weakly upcurved bearing three lateral processes, two processes (A1 &amp; A2) arising on right lateral side, A1 arising apically, directed cephalad, dorsal margin sinuate, apex curved slightly dorsad, not reaching midpoint, A2 arising from base, directed caudad, dorsal and ventral margins sinuate, reaching midpoint; bifid process (A3) arising proximally on left lateral side, both rami slender, dorsal ramus (A3b) curled in distal half with apex pointing ventrad, ventral ramus (A3b) slender, curved slightly dorsad, angled caudad, terminating at distal margin of A3a curl; endsoma1 complex, bearing six processes; first process (E1) arising at base of endosoma on left lateral side, short, robust angled cephalad and slightly dorsad; second process (E2) stout proximally, tapering distally, arising on left lateral side, just distad of E1, sinuate, reaching midlength of aedeagal shaft, angled cephalad and slightly dorsad; third process (E3) arising on dorsal margin on right side, angled left and curved slightly ventrad and cephalad, broad at base, narrowed apically; fourth process (E4) arising near midlength of shaft on right lateral side of endosoma, slender and elongated, directed cephalad, broadest at base, distally tapering, curved dorsad, apex exceeding dorsal margin of endosoma; fifth process (E5) arising at endosomal apex on left lateral side of endosoma, broad at base, narrowed at apex, angled cephalad; sixth process (E6) arising in middle of dorsal margin near midlength of aedeagal shaft, directed dorsocaudad, distally tapering, apex curved ventrad, approaching apex of A3a. Anal segment in lateral view (Fig. 10A), narrow and elongated, reaching apex of gonostyli, narrowest at base, expanding in distal half, lateroventral margins elongated ventrocaudally, apex curved slightly ventrad, into pointed apices; paraproct short and conical.</p><p>Plant Associations. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica (Alajuela Province).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is given as a reference to the shape of the medioventral process in dorsal view, resembling the Great Sphinx of Giza in Egypt.</p><p>Material Examined. Holotype male, “ Costa Rica, Alajuela Pr. / Hotel Villa Blanca / 18-VI-2021 / Coll.: B.W. Bahder / Sweeping trailside vegetation / Anchimothon sphinx ♂ ” (FLREC) . Paratypes (3 males, 1 female) same as holotype (FLREC) .</p><p>Sequence Data. Sequence data for the COI, 18S and 28S loci was generated for both A. hippocampus sp. nov. and A. sphinx sp. nov. (Table 2). The Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 12) supported the monophyly of Anchimothon for the 18S and 28S loci (bootstrap support of 85 and 100 respectively) with both A. hippocampus sp. nov. and A. sphinx sp. nov. resolving within the genus. Maximum Likelihood analysis based on COI demonstrated weak bootstrap support (36) for the monophyly of Anchimothon . The consensus tree generated from the Maximum Likelihood analysis of concatenated data for COI, 18S and 28S showed strong bootstrap support (100) for the monophyly of Anchimothon as well as both novel taxa resolving within the clade.</p><p>Remarks. While the novel taxa generally conform to characters established for Anchimothon, both species are unique compared to congeners. Generally, the bifid process on the aedeagus is positioned on the right lateral side (as in A. parishi, A. dubia and A. myriei), however, in A. sphinx sp. nov. it is positioned on left lateral side and the process on the right lateral side in A. hippocampus sp. nov. not truly bifid. Still, the strong asymmetry of the aedeagus and greatly exaggerated process on the right lateral side relative to the left lateral side, general form of the pygofer and gonostyli support the placement of A. hippocampus sp. nov. in Anchimothon . Furthermore, the molecular data available also support the placement of both taxa within Anchimothon and suggest the morphological deviations observed in the novel taxa require amendment of diagnostic features of the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287F9FFF2FFC1FF11FB5D429F9B24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barrantes, Edwin A.;Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A.;Bartlett, Charles R.;Mou, De-Fen;Helmick, Ericka E.;Bahder, Brian W.	Barrantes, Edwin A., Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A., Bartlett, Charles R., Mou, De-Fen, Helmick, Ericka E., Bahder, Brian W. (2025): New planthoppers in the genus Anchimothon (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae), with a key to the genus and an updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Cenchreini. Zootaxa 5683 (3): 417-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5
03A287F9FFF7FFC1FF11FA6B43A49FF5.text	03A287F9FFF7FFC1FF11FA6B43A49FF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anchimothon Fennah 1952	<div><p>Key to the species of Anchimothon based on adult males</p><p>1. Both lateral processes on shaft of aedeagus bifid, asymmetrical................................................ 2</p><p>– Lateral processes on shaft of aedeagus asymmetrical with only one process bifid or neither bifid....................... 3</p><p>2. Medioventral process of pygofer invaginated at apex................................................... A. dubia</p><p>– Medioventral process of pygofer not invaginated at apex............................................... A. parishi</p><p>3. Lateral processes of aedeagal shaft unbranched........................................... A. hippocampus sp. nov.</p><p>– Lateral processes on aedeagal shaft include a bifid process.................................................... 4</p><p>4. Lateral process of aedeagus on right lateral side (Fig. 11B)....................................... A. sphinx sp. nov.</p><p>– Lateral process of aedeagus on left lateral side........................................................ A. myriei</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287F9FFF7FFC1FF11FA6B43A49FF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barrantes, Edwin A.;Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A.;Bartlett, Charles R.;Mou, De-Fen;Helmick, Ericka E.;Bahder, Brian W.	Barrantes, Edwin A., Zumbado Echavarria, Marco A., Bartlett, Charles R., Mou, De-Fen, Helmick, Ericka E., Bahder, Brian W. (2025): New planthoppers in the genus Anchimothon (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae), with a key to the genus and an updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Cenchreini. Zootaxa 5683 (3): 417-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5683.3.5
