identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A0AB75E648FF9BFE988DD6FDCBAA78.text	03A0AB75E648FF9BFE988DD6FDCBAA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elongeuma reductum Gordana & Ambros 2022	<div><p>Elongeuma reductum sp.n.</p><p>Figs 1, 3–18, Map.</p><p>Elongeuma sp. 2 — Read, Golovatch, 1994: 61, 62 (R, M).</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂ (ZMUM), Tien-Shang (= Tian Shan) Mts, Kyrgyzstan (= Kirghizia), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">Chatkal Mt. Range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">near Arkit</a>, E 71.9499º, N 41.850º, Khodzha-Ata River valley, 1,550–2,200 m a.s.l., Juglans regia, Picea schrenkiana, Malus, Pyrus etc. forests, litter, 29–31.V.1993, S.I. Golovatch leg.</p><p>PARATYPES: 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, 5 juv. (JSP180122 -007, 008, 009), same locality, together with holotype, 29–31.V.1993; 1 ♂ (JSP020694 -001), 1 ♀ (JSP180120 -002), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>, E 71.9499º, N 41.850º, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">surroundings of Lake Sary-Chelek</a>, Malus litter, 1800–1950 m a.s.l., 29–31.V.1993; 1 ♂ (JSP020694 - 002), 1 ♀ (anterior part of body), 1 ♀ (posterior part of body) (JSP180120 -003), same locality, forests, 1500–2200 m a.s.l., 29– 31.V.1993; 2 ♀♀, 3 juv., Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve, E 71º67′, N 41º51′, Khoja-Ata River valley, Juglans, Picea, Malus etc. forest, 1500–1800 m a.s.l., 31.V.1993, all S. Golovatch leg.; 1 ♂ (JSP180122 -013), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.95/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>,. E 71º57′, N 41º51′, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.95/lat 41.85)">below Khoja-Ata river valley</a>, in wet flushes, 1500–1600 m a.s.l., 30.V.1993, H. Read leg., 1 ♀, 2 juv., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.95/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>, E 71º57′, N 41º51′, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.95/lat 41.85)">Meteorological Station</a>, Juglans &amp; Malus forest, 1500 m a.s.l., 31.V.1993, H. Read leg.; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ subad., 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, 4 ♂ juv., 4 ♀ juv. (JSP180122 -006, JSP120793 -004, JSP070794 -001), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>, E 71.9499º, N 41.85º, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">head of Lake Sary-Chelek</a>, litter in Abies forest on slope, 22.IX.1983, A.B. Ryvkin leg.; 1 ♀, 1 ♂ juv., 1 ♀ juv. (JSP180122 - 002, 003, -004), Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve, edges of Lake Sary-Chelek, Picea litter, 1950 m a.s.l., 22.IX.1993, H. Read leg.; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ juv. (JSP180122 -010, 011, 012), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.9499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.9499/lat 41.85)">Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve</a>, E 71.9499º, N 41.85º, 1500–1600 m a.s.l., 27–31.V.1993, W. Schawaller leg.</p><p>NAME. To emphasize the particularly strongly reduced posterior gonopods.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. Differs from congeners by the particularly strongly reduced posterior gonopods usually lacking any traces of coxal sacs (Figs 7, 10, 15–17), and by the structure of ♂ leg-pair 7 (Figs 3, 9) (see also key below).</p><p>DESCRIPTION. Length of adults 8–9 (♂) or 9–11 mm (♀), width 0.8–0.9 (♂) or 1.0–1.1 mm (♀). Holotype ca 8 mm long and 0.8 mm wide. Coloration of adults and subadults yellowish to brown, often apparently faded due to long preservation in ethanol (Fig. 1), sometimes with marbled, brown to blackish spots dorsally and on sides of prozonae, divided by a pale axial line and paler patches laterally and ventrolaterally. Metazonae almost entirely pale yellowish to brown, only sometimes with somewhat darker, marbled knobs supporting macrochaetae. Antennae brown to dark brown throughout, except for a pallid tip. Head especially dark on vertex, distinctly marbled. Venter yellowish. Legs pale to brown, increasingly darker toward distal podomeres.</p><p>Body with 28 segments, including telson (26p+1a+T), subcylindrical, without evident lateral swellings, let alone keels, on metazonae (Fig. 1), somewhat more slender in ♂ compared to ♀. Antennae long and slender, in situ reaching past segment 4 or 5 when stretched laterally, antennomere 3 being the longest. Frons flattened (♂) or regularly convex (♀). Eyes black, 16–18 ocelli in a roundly triangular field from each side of head. In width, collum &lt;head = segment 2 = 3 &lt;4–22(23), gently and regularly tapering thereafter. Only two or three postcollum segments with poorly-developed, rounded, lateral swellings instead of paraterga. Metatergal macrochaetae borne on minute knobs, arranged in an almost transverse row, either medium-sized, pointed and thin on two or three anteriormost segments or increasingly thick, short, blunt and subbacilliform thereafter towards telson; lateral macrochaetae longest, reaching in length ca 1/4 metatergal width (Figs 1, 8).</p><p>Legs long and slender, a little shorter in ♀, with accessory claws, but only ♂ tarsi 3–6(7) sometimes with ventral papillae (Fig. 9), mostly apapillate (Figs 3, 4). Pairs 1 and 2 distinctly reduced in size as usual, ♂ pairs 3–7 almost normal, only slightly enlarged due to coxites; ♂ leg 7 (Figs 3, 9) with a peculiar distoventral swelling on coxa and a smaller caudoparabasal cone on prefemur; ♂ pairs 10 and 11 each with coxal glands (Fig. 4), like a number of following pairs each with a ventral row of strong and spiniform setae on both femur and, especially, prefemur (Fig. 4); each ♀ coxa 2 with a strong, ventral, distally rounded, digitiform process forming a medially subcontiguous pair.</p><p>Anterior gonopods (Figs 5, 6, 10–14) placed on an evident plate-like sternum (st) with lateral tracheal apodemes, high, held parallel to each other, fully independent, curved caudally, clearly tripartite: each composed of a lateral, relatively short, blunt to subacuminate, hyaline lamella (hl), vs slender and finger-shaped in E. reductum sp.n., semi-circular with a basal constriction in E. chichkan sp.n., and linguiform and blunt in E. speophilum; more mesally a longer, conspicuously divided solenomere (sl) carrying a small, midway, caudal lobule (j) and a barbed/ fringed distal quarter; and a very long pseudoflagellum (pfl), slightly serrate or undulate at caudal margin. Posterior gonopods (Fig. 7, 10, 15–17) particularly simple, mostly composed of medially contiguous, elongated coxites, both somewhat excavate on caudal face, usually produced apically into a small and setose appendage (telopodite remnant) of varying shapes (Figs 15–17), often showing traces of a dark pigment inside, and only occasionally with discernible coxal pouches or sacs (cs) with small projections medially.</p><p>Vulva with a characteristic beak-shaped caudolateral structure behind operculum (Fig. 18).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0AB75E648FF9BFE988DD6FDCBAA78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, S. I.;Spelda, J.	Golovatch, S. I., Spelda, J. (2022): Review of the Central Asian millipede genus Elongeuma Golovatch, 1982, with descriptions of two new species (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Kirkayakidae). Arthropoda Selecta 31 (1): 1-9, DOI: 10.15298/arthsel.31.1.01, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7576486
03A0AB75E64CFF9BFE868FE1FB5FAAA2.text	03A0AB75E64CFF9BFE868FE1FB5FAAA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elongeuma chichkan Gordana & Ambros 2022	<div><p>Elongeuma chichkan sp.n.</p><p>Figs 2, 19–23, Map.</p><p>Elongeuma sp. 3 — Read, Golovatch, 1994: 61, 62 (R, M).</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂ (+ micropreparation) (ZMUM), Tien-Shang (= Tian Shan) Mts, Kyrgyzstan (= Kirghizia), Suusamyr Too Mt. Range, Chichkan River valley S of Alabel Pass, 1,700 m a.s.l., Betula &amp; Juniperus forest, 2.VI.1993, S.I. Golovatch leg .</p><p>PARATYPES: 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂ juv., 1 ♀ juv (JSP180121-007, 008, 009, 010, 011), same locality and date, leg. S.I. Golovatch.</p><p>NAME. Named after the type locality, Chichkan River, meaning “a small mouse” in the Kirghiz language.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. Differs from congeners by the particularly strongly reduced posterior gonopods usually lacking any traces of a telopodite, and by the structure of ♂ leg-pair 7 (see also key below).</p><p>DESCRIPTION. Length ca 9 (♂ holotype) or 9–10 mm (♀ paratypes), width 0.85 (♂ holotype) or 0.9–1.0 mm (♀ paratypes).</p><p>All characters as in E. reductum sp.n., except as follows.</p><p>Coloration more regular, less contrasting/vivid (Fig. 2). ♂ leg-pairs 3–6 more distinctly enlarged, with tarsal papillae distally; ♂ legs 7 (Fig. 19) with greatly enlarged coxites each carrying a caudoparabasal knob and a strongly reduced, 2-segmented telopodite directed dorsolaterad, devoid of tarsal papillae; several pairs behind gonopods (Fig. 20) likewise with a ventral row of strong and spiniform setae on both femur and, especially, prefemur.</p><p>Anterior gonopods (Figs 21, 22) much like in E. reductum sp.n., vs hl being slender and finger-shaped in E. reductum sp.n., semi-circular with a basal constriction in E. chichkan sp.n., and linguiform and blunt in E. speophilum, also differing in the absence of a lobule (j) on each solenomere (sl). Posterior gonopods (Fig. 23) much more like in E. speophilum, coxites quite high, densely setose, caudoparabasal excavation very deep, each with a coxal pouch or sac (cs) with a strong coniform projection medially.</p><p>Operculum of vulva with a similar, but stronger beak-shaped structure behind operculum, this structure being directed caudad, not caudolaterad (Fig. 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0AB75E64CFF9BFE868FE1FB5FAAA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, S. I.;Spelda, J.	Golovatch, S. I., Spelda, J. (2022): Review of the Central Asian millipede genus Elongeuma Golovatch, 1982, with descriptions of two new species (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Kirkayakidae). Arthropoda Selecta 31 (1): 1-9, DOI: 10.15298/arthsel.31.1.01, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7576486
03A0AB75E64CFF98FCA28FB9FE74A95F.text	03A0AB75E64CFF98FCA28FB9FE74A95F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elongeuma speophilum Golovatch 1982	<div><p>Elongeuma speophilum Golovatch, 1982</p><p>Figs 24–31, Map.</p><p>Elongeuma speophilum Golovatch, 1982: 944 (D).</p><p>Elongeuma speophilum — Read, Golovatch, 1994: 64 (M); Turbanov et al., 2016: 1291 (M).</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂ (ZMUM ρ1530), revised, Tien-Shang (= Tian Shan) Mts, Kyrgyzstan (= Kirghizia), Fergana Mt. Range, Kirgyzindan River valley, Kendyn-kyry (= Kyndyn-kyry, or Zindan) Cave, 100–120 m inside (off entrance), X.1978, V. Ogudin leg. (https:// speleo.kg/expeditions/2021/alternativnyj-karstovyj-rajon-v-dolinereki-kuraves/).</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. Differs from congeners by a pallid coloration with only five light brown ocelli on each side of the head. ♂ legs 7 are with a pair of strong hooks on the coxae and small glandular parabasal knobs on the prefemora (Fig. 26). Coxal pouches (cs) of the posterior gonopods are membranous (see also key below).</p><p>BRIEF REDESCRIPTON. Length ca 14 mm, width 1.1 mm on mandibular genae, 1.0 mm on midbody segments (♂).</p><p>All characters as in E. reductum sp.n., except as follows.</p><p>Coloration pallid, only 5 ocelli on each side of head light brown. Body with 28 segments. Antennae longer, reaching segment 6 when stretched laterally, antennomere 3 being the longest. Metatergal macrochaetae mostly bacilliform and blunt (Fig. 24). ♂ leg-pairs 3–6 only slightly enlarged, with tarsal papillae distally; each ♂ leg 7 (Fig. 26) with a laterally micropapillate coxa carrying a strong ventral hook directed distad, while prefemur with a small, glandular, parabasal knob ventrally; ♂ legs 10 and 11 with coxal sacs/glands (Figs 27, 28), usual, devoid of tarsal papillae like following legs.</p><p>Anterior gonopods (Figs 29, 30) much like in E. reductum sp.n., but differing in the absence of a lobule (j) on each solenomere (sl), thus being very similar to those of E. chichkan sp.n .. Posterior gonopods (Fig. 31) also very similar to those in E. chichkan sp.n., both coxites being quite high, sac-shaped and densely setose, while coxal pouches or sacs (cs) with membranous projections.</p><p>REMARK. This species was observed living on ice inside the cave at an elevation of&gt; 2000 m a.s.l. (https:// speleo.kg/expeditions/2021/alternativnyj-karstovyj-rajon-vdoline-reki-kuraves/).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0AB75E64CFF98FCA28FB9FE74A95F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, S. I.;Spelda, J.	Golovatch, S. I., Spelda, J. (2022): Review of the Central Asian millipede genus Elongeuma Golovatch, 1982, with descriptions of two new species (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Kirkayakidae). Arthropoda Selecta 31 (1): 1-9, DOI: 10.15298/arthsel.31.1.01, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7576486
03A0AB75E64FFF96FF6A8C02FE26AB44.text	03A0AB75E64FFF96FF6A8C02FE26AB44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elongeuma Golovatch 1982	<div><p>KEY TO SPECIES OF ELONGEUMA</p><p>1(2) Larger: length of adults ca 14 mm. Coloration pallid, only 5 light brown ocelli on each side of head. ♂ legs 7 with a pair of strong hooks on coxae and small glandular parabasal knobs of prefemora (Fig. 26). Coxal pouches (cs) of posterior gonopods with membranous projections (Fig. 31) ................................................... E. speophilum</p><p>2(1) Smaller: adults up to 10 mm long. Coloration usually yellow-brown, adults and subadults often with distinct patterns. Up to 16–18 ocelli black. ♂ legs 7 otherwise. Coxal pouches (cs) of posterior gonopods either totally suppressed or with small and coniform projections .................................................................... 3</p><p>3(4) ♂ legs 7 leg-like, as in Figs 3 and 9. Solenomere (sl) of anterior gonopods (Figs 5, 6, 10, 12) with a distinct midway lobule (j). Posterior gonopods particularly strongly reduced (Fig. 5), usually without coxal pouch vestige ................................................ E. reductum sp.n.</p><p>3(4) ♂ legs 7 with strongly reduced, 2-segmented telopodites (Fig. 19). Solenomere (sl) of anterior gonopods (Figs 21, 22) without lobule j. Coxal pouches (cs) of posterior gonopods with distinct and coniform projections (Fig. 23) ....................................................... E. chichkan sp.n.</p><p>Further notes on and a new diagnosis of Elongeuma</p><p>As the genus Elongeuma presently comprises already three described species, an analysis of intrageneric variations is possible. Because the original description of the type species E. speophilum (ZMUM, holotype restudied, see above) and illustrations [Golovatch, 1982] erred in several accounts (28, not 30, body segments, largely blunt metatergal macrochaetae, ♂ legs 7 mistakenly referred to and depicted as legs 6 etc.), most of which were corrected later [Golovatch, Wytwer, 2003], a fully rectified redescription has been given below.</p><p>The most pronounced variations in Elongeuma spp. seem to concern ♂ leg-pair 7 and the posterior gonopods. Indeed, whereas ♂ legs 7 are eventually leg-like in E. speophilum and E. reductum sp.n., with modifications mainly affecting the coxa, it is surprisingly strongly reduced in E. chichkan sp.n. (Fig. 19). In E. reductum sp.n., particularly strong reduction concerns the posterior gonopods, with the coxite not being hypertrophied, and the coxal pouch vestige usually being totally missing (Figs 7, 10, 15–17).</p><p>Traditionally, the presence or absence of ♂ tarsal papillae has been considered as a family-rank character (e.g. Attems [1926], Verhoeff [1926 –1932] or Minelli [2015]). Tarsal papillae present in Elongeuma spp. only in ♂ legs 3– 6(7), these often being restricted to the distalmost parts of the tarsi, is rather unusual as compared to the remaining three genera and species of Kirkayakidae (cf. Golovatch, Wytwer [2003]).</p><p>Genus Elongeuma Golovatch, 1982</p><p>Type species: Elongeuma speophilum Golovatch, 1982, by original designation.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. Body small (adults 8–14 mm long), with 28 segments (26p+1a+T), juloid, devoid of paraterga. Clypeus flattened (♂) or regularly convex (♀). Metatergal macrochaetae mostly bacilliform. Gnathochilarium without promentum. Collum usual, not covering the head from above. Tegument smooth.</p><p>Legs long and slender, ♀ legs 2 normal; only ♂ legs 3– 6(7) with tarsal papillae, ♂ legs 7 modified; both ♂ legs 10 and 11 with coxal sacs.</p><p>Anterior gonopods placed on a plate-like sternum with retained tracheal apodemes; coxites always independent, contiguous medially, clearly curved caudad, held parallel to each other to slightly crossing each other distally, tripartite: each composed of a pair of lateral hyaline lamellae (hl); more mesally with a pair of longer, conspicuously divided solenomeres (sl), each conspicuously barbed/fringed distally; and a pair of mesal, very long pseudoflagella (pfl) (or true flagella as derivatives of coxal glands?). Posterior gonopods far more simple, also placed on a plate-like sternum with retained tracheal apodemes, mostly composed of medially contiguous, elongated, sac-shaped and setose coxites either fully devoid of coxal pouches or retaining their vestiges (cs) medially near base.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0AB75E64FFF96FF6A8C02FE26AB44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, S. I.;Spelda, J.	Golovatch, S. I., Spelda, J. (2022): Review of the Central Asian millipede genus Elongeuma Golovatch, 1982, with descriptions of two new species (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Kirkayakidae). Arthropoda Selecta 31 (1): 1-9, DOI: 10.15298/arthsel.31.1.01, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7576486
