taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B787C3FF96FFFB7F910C23EE6AF9BA.taxon	materials_examined	Type: COLOMBIA. Intendencia El Chocó: dense forest south of Río Condoto, between Quebrada Guarapo and Mandinga, 120 – 180 m, 22 – 28 April 1939, Killip 35166 (holotype: NY- 00245657!; isotypes: BM- 000603941, online image!, COL- 000003410, online image!, US- 00123705, online image!). Miconia spiciformis Gamba & Almeda (2014: 130): nomen superfl. and illegit. Non Miconia spicata Macfadyen ex Grisebach (1860: 257), invalid; pro. synonym of Miconia trinervis (Macfadyen 1850 (2): 94) Grisebach (1860: 257).	en	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
03B787C3FF96FFFB7F910C23EE6AF9BA.taxon	discussion	When we created the new name Miconia spiciformis for this species as a replacement for Ossaea spicata we were under the impression that Miconia spicata Macfadyen ex Grisebach was a blocking name. When we consulted the International Plant Names Index throughout 2011 – 2013 (http: // www. ipni. org /) there was no indication that the name is invalid. We have subsequently learned that Miconia spicata was cited as a synonym of Miconia trinervis. According to Article 36.1 (c) of the ICN (International Code of Nomenclature) (McNeill et al. 2012), a name is not validly published when it is merely cited as a synonym (“ prosynonym ”). Consequently, Miconia spiciformis must be rejected and the epithet “ spicata ” is available for the new combination in Miconia provided here.	en	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
03B787C3FF96FFFA7F910EE3EF15FB97.taxon	materials_examined	Type: COLOMBIA. Prov. Barbacoas: Arrastradero, 10 m, April 1853, Triana 6258 / 73 (holotype: BM- 000603938, online image!; isotypes: BR- 564004, online image!, COL- 000003408, online image!). Non Miconia rubescens D. Don (1830: 174), invalid: nomen nudum.	en	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
03B787C3FF96FFFA7F910EE3EF15FB97.taxon	discussion	This species, which was long known as Ossaea micrantha, was correctly deemed to be a Miconia by Judd & Skean (1991). Because the epithet “ micrantha ” was pre-empted in Miconia (see enumerated names above), Judd and Skean created the new name Miconia neomicrantha. They cited the basionym and replaced synonym but they did not cite any other synonyms. In our monograph (Gamba & Almeda 2014: 97) we accepted Miconia neomicrantha under which we included four other heterotypic synonyms. The epithets “ neurocarpa ”, “ caudata ”, and “ tetragona ” are pre-empted in Miconia (Goldenberg et al. 2013). At the time we also assumed that the epithet “ rubescens ” was also pre-empted by Miconia rubescens D. Don (1830: 124). We have since learned that this latter epithet and some others were published without a description or a diagnosis, or a reference to a former one. Don (1830) included Miconia rubescens in a table of species names with an English translation of specific epithets and symbols indicating habit, height of plant, flower color, date of introduction, and country of origin. This information is identical for several of the Miconia species on Don’s list and clearly is not intended as a validating description or diagnosis. A nearly identical example of nude names in another British catalogue is given in Article 38.2, Ex. 3 of the ICN (McNeill et al. 2012) for the third edition of Sweet’s Hortus britannicus (1839). According to the ICN, “ names of new taxa appearing in that work are not therefore validly published, except in some cases where reference is made to earlier descriptions or diagnoses. ” Thus, according to Article 38.1 of the ICN, M. rubescens D. Don is a nomen nudum and not validly published. This makes “ rubescens ” the only epithet for a heterotypic synonym available for a transfer to Miconia. The new combination provided here must replace Miconia neomicrantha, which according to our taxonomy is nomenclaturally superfluous because it included the type of a heterotypic synonym whose epithet was available and not already pre-empted in Miconia.	en	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
