taxonID	type	description	language	source
0A2A87FCBC3FFFF617D4F86326F1FA42.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Tianzhuaphaenops jinshanensis n. sp. (Cave Jinshan Rongdong, Tianzhu County, eastern Guizhou Province) Generic diagnosis. Medium-sized, aphaenopsian, yet not too highly modified morphologically trechine (Fig. 1); eyeless, unpigmented and apterous; slender and elongate body, with slender and long appendages; sparse hairs covered the head laterally; longer and equally sparse hairs covered the pronotum and short pubescence on elytra; head elongate, much longer than wide, longer than prothorax; frontal furrows short, with two pairs of supra-orbital pores; right mandible bidentate; labial suture clear; mentum bisetose, tooth short and bifid at apex; submentum 10 - setose; antennae long, nearly reaching the elytral apex; propleura more or less visible from above; pronotum elongate, longer than wide, widest near the front; presence of two pairs of lateromarginal setae, front and hind angles angular; elytra elongate-ovate, strongly convex though depressed medially near base, shoulders distinct and rounded, lateral margins ciliated throughout; striae faintly impressed; pre-apical pores and two dorsal pores present on each elytron; humeral group of marginal umbilicate pores not aggregated; protibia without an external longitudinal groove; 1 st protarsomere modified in male; ventrite VII with one pair of setae in male, two pairs in female; male genitalia well developed, almost straightly stretched, with narrow parameres and bisetose at each apex (Fig. 2).	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3FFFF617D4F86326F1FA42.taxon	description	Discussions. It is not easy to determine the taxonomic position of Tianzhuaphaenops n. gen. within cavedwelling trechines in China as of yet. Doubtless, it falls into the Guizhaphaenops- Qianotrechus- Qianaphaenops complex. Regarding its bidentate right mandible, Tianzhuaphaenops is probably close to Qianotrechus, but differs from the latter by having only protarsomere 1 modified in males (tarsomeres 1 and 2 are modified in the latter); longer antennae extending beyond the elytral apex (shorter, and not reaching the elytral apex in the latter); legs longer and more slender; labial suture well-defined (completely disappeared in the latter); and aedeagus straightly stretched, with narrow and apically bisetose parameres (aedeagus more or less arcuate, parameres wider and having more setose at apex in the latter). Compared with Guizhaphaenops, which also has a bidentate right mandible and only protarsomere 1 modified in males, Tianzhuaphaenops is more aphaenopsoid with a quadrate pronotum (versus arcuate-sided in the latter), and a well-defined labial suture that well separates mentum from submentum (versus completely disappeared in the latter). Tianzhuaphaenops shares the following three main characteristics with Qianaphaenops: clearly visible labial suture, the presence of posterior lateromarginal setae on pronotum, and preapical setae on elytra. It is distinguished from the latter genus by: bidentate right mandible (versus tridentate in the latter), having only protarsomere 1 modified in males (versus protarsomeres 1 and 2 modified in the latter), and longer, more slender antennae that extend over the elytral apex (versus shorter and not reaching elytral apex in the latter).	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3FFFF617D4F86326F1FA42.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Tianzhu + Aphaenops, to indicate that this genus occurs in Tianzhu County, eastern Guizhou Province, Southwest China; gender masculine. Range. China (eastern Guizhou) (Fig. 3).	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3DFFF317D4F9912784FC88.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Holotype male, Cave Jinshan Rongdong, Luihe Vallige, Bangdong Town, Tianzhu County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province, 26 ° 57 ' 42 " N / 109 ° 12 ' 24 " E, 460 m, VIII- 21 - 2015, Mingyi Tian & Jingli Cheng leg., deposited in the insect collections of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou (SCAU); paratypes: 3 males and 6 females, ibid., in SCAU. Length: 6.0 – 6.1 mm (including mandibles), or 5.4 – 5.6 mm (excluding mandibles); width: 1.0 – 1.2 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 1.	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3DFFF317D4F9912784FC88.taxon	description	Description. The whole body is yellowish brown. Head glabrous on upper surface and gula. Underside of head, pro- and metasterna, legs, antennae and ventrites pubescent. Genae and disc of pronotum are covered with sparse hairs which are much longer on pronotum than on the genae. Elytra is covered with denser and minute pubescence. Microsculptural engraved meshes moderately transverse. Body elongated, fore body, including mandibles, are distinctly shorter than elytra. Head semi-aphaenopsoid, strongly elongated, distinctly longer than wide, HLm / HW = 2.29 – 2.31, HLl / HW = 1.73 – 1.74. Widest at about basal 2 / 5 ths of head from labrum. Genae gently expanded. Supra-orbital furrows incomplete, nearly parallel-sided anteriorly, effaced at the level of the widest point, distinctly divergent posteriad. Anterior supra-orbital pore located at middle of head (from labrum), posterior one at about 1 / 4 th of head from base, distance between anterior and posterior pores shorter than that between both anterior ones. Frons and vertex moderately convex. Clypeus quadrate, 4 - setose. Labrum transverse, widely but shallowly emarginated at front margin, 6 - setose. Mandibles moderately developed, gently unciform at apex. Mentum distinctly concave at base, without pits. Palps fairly slender, subcylindrical, 3 rd and 4 th maxillary palps glabrous, subequal in length; 2 nd labial palp distinctly longer than 3 rd, with two setae on inner margin, and 2 – 3 additional ones in subapical part, 3 rd palpomere glabrous. A pair of suborbital pores on ventral side, between submentum and neck. Antennae slender, 1 st antennomere thick, slightly shorter than 2 nd, which is about 0.6 times as long as 3 rd; 4 th and 5 th antenomeres longest, nearly twice as long as 2 nd; gradually shortened from 6 th to 10 th which is subequal to 11 th. Pronotum distinctly shorter than head, PL / HLm = 0.58 – 0.59, PL / HLl = 0.77 – 0.78, but wider than head, PW / HW = 1.21 – 1.22. Longer than wide, PL / PW = 1.14, widest at about 1 / 4 th from apex, gently narrowed both distad and basad, more constricted before hind angles, but not sinuated. Sides finely beaded. Front angles acute, albeit hind ones angulate and nearly rectangular; anterior lateromarginal setae just before widest point, posterior ones a little before hind angles. Base slightly narrower than front, PfW / PbW = 1.13, the former is nearly straight, while the latter slightly emarginated. Disc convex, middle line deep, connected to both front and basal impressions which are welldefined. Scutellum short and narrow. Elytra fairly long and elongate ovate, much longer than wide, EL / EW = 1.87 – 1.89, distinctly longer than fore body, widest at middle. Lateral margins subserrate and ciliate throughout. Humeral angles obtuse. Base unbordered; disc convex, but distinctly depressed near base. Striae well-defined, punctuate, intervals fairly convex. Anterior and posterior dorsal pores situated on 3 rd stria, at about 2 / 7 ths and 4 / 7 ths of elytra from base respectively, preapical setiferous pore located exactly on junction point of 2 nd and 3 rd striae, at about 1 / 10 th of elytra from apex, much closer to suture than to apex of elytra. Basal pores located near base, along both sides of scutellum. Humeral set of marginal umbilicate pores not aggregated, only 2 nd pore close to marginal gutter, 4 th distant from 3 rd. Both 5 th and 6 th pores of the middle set close to each other, located at about middle of elytra. Legs thin and fairly long, femora moderate, tibiae not longitudinally furrowed, hind tibia distinctly longer than elytral width; protarsi short; 1 st tarsomere shorter than, subequal to, and longer than 2 nd – 4 th tarsomeres combined in pro-, meso- and metatarsi, respectively. Male genitalia (Figs. 2): Median lobe of aedeagus very thin and fairly long, well-sclerotized, with a large sagittal aileron and a fairly large and elongate copulatory piece; parameres thin, much shorter than median lobe.	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3DFFF317D4F9912784FC88.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Indicates the type locality of this new species.	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
0A2A87FCBC3DFFF317D4F9912784FC88.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guizhou). Known only from the limestone cave Jinshan Rongdong, in Easternmost Guizhou (Fig. 3). Jinshan Rongdong (Figs. 4) is a beautiful show cave. It is open at bottom of the Southern slope of Mt. Jinfeng, about eight kilometers away from the main town of Tianzhu County. It is 7200 meters long and contains a 3400 meters long underground river. The beetles were collected in dark zones in the first chamber that is about 50 to 60 meters from the entrance. They were wandering on the floor or on the wall.	en	Zhao, Danyang, Tian, Mingyi (2016): A new genus and species of troglobitic ground beetle from eastern Guizhou, Southwest China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4097 (3): 434-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.11
