taxonID	type	description	language	source
09781A7EFF8F4314FF66FB97FBC9FED1.taxon	description	Description: — Trees, shrubs 2 – 10 m; unarmed, branches slightly striate, brown to slightly grayish, glabrous, young branches rarely puberulent, lenticellate; stipules (1.5 –) 2 – 2.5 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate, rarely falcate and narrowly triangular, internally glabrous to tomentose, externally glabrous, apex tomentose to villous in the external face, margin ciliate, glands absent in the margin. Leaves discolorous; petiole (4 –) 6 – 12 mm long, cylindrical, slightly flattened and canaliculate in practically the whole extension, puberulent; blade (68 –) 70 – 107 × 20 – 34 mm, narrowly elliptic, rarely elliptic, apex acuminate, rarely acute, base cuneate to slightly oblique, margin serrate with glands abaxially, membranaceous to chartaceous, glabrous in both surfaces, translucent dots absent, actinodromus with 3 – 5 primary veins, primary and secondary veins prominent in both surfaces, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescence a panicle (36 –) 44 – 78 mm long, main axis and ramifications pubescent to puberulent; bracts 1.5 (– 2) × 0.5 (– 1) mm, lanceolate, pubescent internally, tomentose externally; bracteoles less than 1 mm long, tomentose. Flowers bisexual; pedicels (1.5 –) 2 – 2.5 mm long, glabrous, articulated near the base; sepals 3 – 4 (– 5), 1.5 × 0.5 – 1 mm, ovate, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, margin glabrous, apex tomentose, both faces glabrous; petals 3 – 4 (– 5), 1.5 – 2 × 1 mm, elliptic to oblong, ciliate, apex tomentose, both faces glabrous; stamens ca. 35, filaments ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, yellow, tortuous, anthers basifixed, rimose, glabrous, apical gland of the anther absent, lobes of the nectariferous disk absent; ovary ca. 1 × 0, 5 mm, ellipsoid, glabrous, superior, 3 – 4 - carpelate, unilocular, ovules numerous, parietal placentation, style ca. 0.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma very slightly 3 – 4 - lobed, glabrous. Fruit a berry, 3 – 4 × 3 – 4 mm, spheroid, glabrous, greenish to yellow when unripe, orange to dark red when ripe, slightly laevigate, indehiscent, aril absent; seeds 2 – 4, 1.5 – 2 × 1 mm, blackish, longitudinally striate; embryo not observed. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Borda do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Area 1, 25 º 11 ’ 2 ’’ S, 53 º 52 ’ 20 ’’ W, 12 December 2019, fl., bt., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 215 (UNOP!); Ruta BR- 277 cerca del Puesto de Peaje, Area 1, 7 January 2020, fr., A. M. Panizza & E. J. Hentz Junior 151 (EVB!); Cataratas do Iguaçu, Area 3, 10 February 1969, fr., G. Hatschbach 21114 (MBM!); Mirante das Cataratas (espaço Naipi) próx. ao elevador, Area 3, 25 º 41 ’ 27 ’’ S, 54 º 26 ’ 12 ’’ W, 15 February 2020, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 256 (UNOP!); próximo às Cataratas do Iguaçu, Area 3, 25 ° 41 ’ 27 ” S, 54 ° 26 ’ 13 ” W, 13 December 2018, fr., M. G. Caxambu et al. 8806 (HCF!); trilha do Hidrômetro, Area 3, 25 º 41 ’ 27 ’’ S, 54 º 26 ’ 10 ’’ W, 16 January 2019, fr., C. R. Rauber et al. 280 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8F4314FF66FB97FBC9FED1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Banara parviflora is endemic to Brazil and is distributed in the South, Southeast and Northeast regions, reaching only the state of Bahia in the latter region. (Sleumer 1980; Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in areas 1 and 3, in Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and in Montane Ombrophilous Mixed Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers from October to January and with fruits in January and February.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8F4314FF66FB97FBC9FED1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Banara parviflora is recognized by its glabrous leaves, terminal panicle and pubescent to puberulent branches, usually thinner than in B. tomentosa. Also, its flowers present tortuous filaments. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a wide distribution, EOO = 1,178.834 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF894314FF66FEEDFBC9F84D.taxon	description	Description: — Trees, treelets, rarely shrubs 4 – 8 m; unarmed, branches slightly striate, grayish to light brown, glabrous at the base and floccose by the apex, lenticellate; stipules 2.5 – 3 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate, externally floccose, sometimes internally pubescent, glands in the margin present. Leaves discolorous; petiole 5 – 11 mm long, cylindrical, slightly flattened and slightly canaliculate in the lower third, floccose; blade (56 –) 61 – 115 × 22 – 48 mm, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, rarely obovate, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate, slightly oblique to oblique, rarely obtuse, margin serrate, rarely biserrate, with glands abaxially, membranaceous to chartaceous, adaxial surface sparsely floccose, abaxial surface floccose, translucent dots absent, actinodromus with 3 primary veins, primary and secondary veins little prominent in the adaxial surface, prominent in the abaxial surface, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescence panicle, 32 – 95 (– 143) mm long, main axis and ramifications floccose; bracts, ca. 2.5 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate to narrowly triangular, floccose externally, tomentose internally; bracteoles 1 mm long, floccose. Flowers bisexual; pedicels 2 – 4 (– 4.5) mm long, floccose, articulated at the base; sepals 3, 2.5 × 1.5 (– 2) mm, ovate, floccose externally, internally glabrous at the base and villous at the apex; petals 3, ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, widely ovate to widely elliptic, ciliate, floccose externally, internally glabrous at the base, pubescent at the apex; stamens numerous, filaments 3.5 – 4 mm long, glabrous, rarely with a few trichomes, greenish, erect, anthers basifixed, rimose, glabrous, apical gland of the anther absent, lobes of the nectariferous disk absent; ovary 1.5 (– 2) × 1.5 mm, widely ellipsoid to very broadly ovoid, glabrous, superior, 3 - carpelate, unilocular, ovules numerous, parietal placentation, style ca. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma slightly 3 - trilobed, with few simple trichomes. Fruit a berry, 5 – 5.5 × 5 – 6 mm, oblate to obconical, glabrous, yellow when unripe, orange, red and vinaceous when ripe, slightly levigate, indehiscent, aril absent; seeds (1 –) 3 – 6 (– 10), 2 × 1 – 1.5 mm, brown to blackish, longitudinally striate; embryo not observed. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: cercanias da BR- 277, Area 1, 25 º 06 ’ 39 ’’ S 53 º 45 ’ 59 ’’ W, 19 June 2015, fr., M. G. Caxambu et. al 6590 (MBM!, HCF); borda do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Area 2, 25 º 21 ’ 38 ’’ S, 53 º 52 ’ 26 ’’ W, 12 December 2019, fl., bt., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 221 (UNOP!); estrada de Céu Azul – Serranópolis do Iguaçu, Area 2, 25 ° 23 ’ 39 ” S, 53 ° 53 ’ 21 ” W, 24 March 2016, bt., M. G. Caxambu et al. 7302 (HCF); estrada do Palmital, Area 2, 9 May 1949, fl., fr., A. P. Duarte 1663 (RB!); Parque Nacional do Iguaçu road in rainforest near Aranha, Area 2, 24 November 1966, bt., J. C. Lindeman & J. H. de Hass 3414 (NY!); Escola parque, Area 3, 13 February 2013, fl., bt., M. L. Toderke et al. 31 (UNOP!); near the portão de entrada, Area 3, 25 º 36 ’ 56 ’’ S, 54 º 28 ’ 42 ’’ W, 25 January 2020, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 237 (UNOP!); Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Area 3, 14 February 1960, bt., E. Pereira 5297 (MBM!); Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Area 3, 20 February 1960, fl., E. Pereira 5378 (MBM!). Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Capitão Leônidas Marques, estrada paralela ao rio Monteiro, 25 ° 29 ’ 00.0 ” S, 53 ° 37 ’ 56.0 ” W, 19 February 2018, fr., J. A. Rocha Filho et al. 648 (UNOP!); Matelândia, Linha Bananal, mata dos Biazuz I, 25 º 18 ’ 25 ’’ S 53 º 57 ’ 20 ’’ W, fl., bt., 8 Outubro 2014, F. Periotto & R. Cielo-Filho 40 (UNOP!); Estrada Matelândia-Marquesita, 25 ° 18 ’ 00.0 ” S 53 ° 57 ’ 47.0 ” W, 7 November 2014, fl., R. Cielo-Filho. & F. Periotto 1562 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF894314FF66FEEDFBC9F84D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Banara tomentosa is distributed in Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay (Sleumer 1980, Torres & Ramos 2007). In Brazil it occurs from São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in all areas, in Montane Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and Montane Ombrophilous Mixed Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in February, March, May, November and December, and with fruits in January and May.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF894314FF66FEEDFBC9F84D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Banara tomentosa can be recognized by its leaves and the panicles covered in star-shaped trichomes. Its branches are usually thicker than in B. parviflora. Also, its flowers present erect filaments. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 5,875.578 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4317FF66FF5DFBC9FA19.taxon	description	Description: — Trees 3 – 4 m; unarmed, branches slightly striate, light brown to slightly grayish, older branches glabrous and young branches puberulent to pubescents, lenticellate; stipules 5 – 5.5 × 1 mm, lanceolate, pubescent in the internal face, puberulent in the external face, margin ciliate, glands in the margin absent. Leaves discolorous; petiole (2) 3 – 4.5 mm long, cylindrical, with two projections in the superior part of the leaf blade, slightly flattened at the base, puberulent; blade (43 –) 52 – 66 (– 88) × 16 – 23 (– 30) mm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, apex acuminate, rarely acute, base cuneate, rarely narrowly cuneate, margin serrulate, usually entire in the lower third, glands present at apex of the teeth, slightly revolute, membranaceous, glabrous in both surfaces, however with midvein puberulent adaxially, glabrescent abaxially, translucent dots and traces present, brochidodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly prominent adaxially and prominent abaxially, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts and bracteoles not observed. Flowers bisexual; pedicels 3 – 4 mm long, articulated near the base, puberulent, sepals 5, 3 – 3.5 × 1 mm, oblong, externally puberulent to tomentose, apex villous, internally puberulent to tomentose; petals absent; stamens 10, filaments ca. 1.5 mm long, internally pubescent at the base, glabrous at apex, wider near the base, anthers dorsifixed, rimose, glabrous, apical gland of the anther absent; lobes of the nectariferous disk conspicuous, ca. 1 mm long, clavate, tomentose, alternate to the filaments; ovary 0.5 – 1 × 0.5 mm, spheroid, ovoid, glabrous to pubescent, superior, 3 - carpelate, unilocular, about 8 ovules, parietal placentation, style ca. 1.5 mm long, narrowly conic, pubescent, stigma capitate, pubescent. Fruit a capsule, 8 – 10 × 8 – 10 mm, spheroid, glabrous, greenish when unripe, orange-whitish, dull, regularly dehiscent, aril present, orange; seeds 3 – 5, 5 – 6.5 × 3.5 – 4.5 mm, yellowish, smooth; embryo spatulate, 4 – 4.5 × 3.5 mm, cotyledonary leaves rounded at apex, base chordate, hypocotyl-radicle axis cylindrical. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: borda do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Area 2, 25 º 25 ’ 7 ’’ S, 53 º 54 ’ 9 ’’ W, 12 December 2019, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 223 (UNOP!); estrada de terra Céu Azul-Serranópolis do Iguaçu, Area 2, 25 ° 22 ’ 38 ” S, 53 ° 52 ’ 43 ” W, 13 November 2015, fr., E. L. Siqueira & M. P. Chagas 1841 (FURB!, HCF). Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Cascavel, fragmento Florestal ao lado do Lago Municipal, 24 º 58 ’ 1 ’’ S, 53 º 26 ’ 10 ’’ W, 19 November 2020, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 288 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4317FF66FF5DFBC9FA19.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Casearia decandra can be found from Central America to South America, except in Chile (Marquete & Mansano 2016). In Brazil it is widely distributed, occurring in all regions (Marquete & Mansano 2016, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it was found in area 2, in Submontane Semidecidual Seasonal Forest. Phenology: — Collected with fruits in November and December.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4317FF66FF5DFBC9FA19.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Casearia decandra can be recognized by its lanceolate stipules, leaves with sparse translucent dots and traces that are not easily observed against the light, stigma always capitate, never 3 - lobed, and by the larger fruits (8 – 10 × 8 – 10 mm) when compared to C. sylvestris that is the most similar species. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 19,604.952 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4316FF66FA35FAFDFC59.taxon	description	Description: — Trees, treelets or shrubs, 3.5 – 7 m high, unarmed, branches slightly striate, brown, glabrous at the base and tomentose to pubescent at the apex, lenticellate; stipules 5 – 6.5 (– 7) × (1 –) 1.5 – 2 mm, lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, tomentose, margin glabrate, glands in the margin absent. Leaves discolorous; petiole (3 –) 4 – 6 mm long, cylindrical in almost all extension, semicylindrical near the apex, pubescent to tomentose; blade 76 – 106 (– 135) × 31 – 42 (– 44) mm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely ovate or lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to slightly oblique, rarely oblique, margin serrate, glands not observed, chartaceous to membranaceous, glabrescent adaxially, pubescent abaxially, translucent dots present, brochidodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly sulcate adaxially, prominent abaxially, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts and bracteoles not observed. Flowers bisexual; pedicels 4 – 6.5 (– 8) mm long, articulated near the base, tomentose; sepals 5, (4.5 –) 5 – 6 × 1.5 (– 2) mm, lanceolate to oblong, both faces tomentose; petals absent; stamens 10, filaments ca. 3 mm long, pubescent at the base to medium region, apex glabrous, cylindrical, wider towards the base, anthers dorsifixed, rimose, with simple trichomes at the apex, apical gland of the anther present; lobes of the nectariferous disk conspicuous, 1 – 1.5 mm, clavate, tomentose, alternate to the filaments; ovary, 0.5 – 1 × 0.5 – 1 mm, spheroid, very broadly ovoid, pubescent, superior, 3 carpelate, unilocular, ovules numerous, placentation parietal, style ca. 3 mm long, pubescent, stigma capitate, pubescent. Fruit a capsule (6 –) 7 – 9 × (6 –) 6.5 – 8 (– 9) mm, spheroid, with sparse simple trichomes, opaque, regularly dehiscent, arile present, orange; seeds 4, 4 × 3 – 3.5 mm, yellowish, smooth; embryo spatulate 3.5 × (2.5 –) 3 mm, cotyledonary leaves rounded at apex, base chordate, hypocotyl-radicle axis cylindrical. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: borda do Parque, Area 1, 25 º 3 ’ 32 ’’ S, 53 º 38 ’ 39 ’’ W, 21 November 2019, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição & J. G. Wink 187 (UNOP!); cercanias da BR- 277, Area 1, 25 ° 05 ’ 45 ” S, 53 ° 44 ’ 00 ” W, 21 August 2015, fl., M. G. Caxambu et al. 6802 (HCF!). Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Cascavel, mata da FAG, área de visitação 2, 24 º 56 ’ 44 ’’ S, 53 º 30 ’ 36 ’’ W, 15 September 2016, fl., L. H. S. M. Conceição & G. H. Conceição 9 (UNOP!); mata da FAG, área de visitação 2, 24 º 56 ’ 44 ’’ S, 53 º 30 ’ 36 ’’ W, 4 August 2017, fl., fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 23 (UNOP!); Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 4 September 2015, fl., J. P. Borges & V. Borges 210 (UNOP!); Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 8 August 2012, bt., J. P. Borges et al. 18 (UNOP!). BRAZIL, PARANÁ: Santa Tereza do Oeste, fragmento Flowerstal em zona rural, 9 November 2018, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 90 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4316FF66FA35FAFDFC59.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Casearia lasiophylla is considered endemic to Brazil (Marquete & Mansano 2016, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024), however there are reports in Argentina (Keller & Tressens 2007) that will be detailed in the discussion section. In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in area 1, in Montane Ombrophilous Mixed Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in August, and with fruits in October and November.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF8A4316FF66FA35FAFDFC59.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — C. lasiophylla can be recognized by its pubescent leaves with translucent dots covered by trichomes and the serrate margin in its whole extension. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a wide distribution of occurrence in Brazil, including in Conservation Units, being therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC by CNCFlora (2012) but for IUCN (2024) this species has Data Deficient — DD status and require an update, because the last assessment was made in 1998.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844319FF66FF5DFBC9F9AD.taxon	description	Description: — Trees 3.5 – 8 m; unarmed, branches slightly striate, brown to grayish, puberulent, lenticellate; stipules 1 × 1 very broadly ovate, glabrous on both surfaces, apex and margin tomentose, glands in the margin absent; Leaves discolorous; petiole 3 – 5 mm long, cylindrical, canaliculate, puberulent; blade 63 – 99 (– 115) × 18 – 36 mm, narrowly elliptic, rarely elliptic, apex acuminate, base cuneate, slightly oblique to oblique, margin serrate, glands not observed, however usually entire in the lower third and slightly revolute, membranaceous to chartaceous, both surfaces glabrous, translucent dots present, brochidodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly prominent in both surfaces, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts and bracteoles not observed. Flowers bisexual; pedicels 3 – 4.5 mm long, tomentose to pubescent in the lower third glabrous towards the apex, articulated near the middle region; sepals 5, 1.5 × 1 – 1.5 mm, ovate to very broadly ovate, internal surface pubescent to tomentose, pubescent on the edges, external surface glabrous, margin ciliate; petals absent; stamens 10, filaments ca. 1 mm long, pubescent, slightly curved, anthers dorsifixed, rimose, glabrous, apical gland of the anther present; lobes of the nectariferous disk conspicuous, 0.5 mm long, clavate, tomentose at the apex, alternate to the filaments; ovary 0.5 – 1 × 0.5 – 1 mm very broadly ovoid to widely ovoid, glabrous, superior, 3 - carpelate, unilocular, ovules numerous, placentation parietal, style ca. 0.5 mm long, pubescent at the base, cylindrical, stigma 3 - lobed. Fruit a capsule, 4 – 5 × 4 mm, spheroid to widely ovoid, glabrous, opaque, regularly dehiscent, aril present, orange to vivid red; seeds 4 – 5, 1.5 – 2.5 × 1 – 1.5 mm, brown to slightly yellow, ornamentations and cavities on the seed surface; embryo spatulate ca. 1 × 0.25 mm, cotyledonary leaves rounded at apex and base, hypocotyl-radicle axis cylindrical. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Posto de Informações e Controle, Area 1, 25 ° 09 ’ 16 ” S, 53 ° 50 ’ 44 ” W, 25 August 2016, fl., bt., M. G. Caxambu et al. 7453 (HCF!); margin oeste do rio Floriano, Area 2, 1 December 1966 (est.), J. C. Lindeman & J. H. de Hass 3561 (RB!); near the antiga Fazenda Salinet, Area 3, 25 º 59 ’ 42 ’’ S, 54 º 38 ’ 67 ’’ W, 11 October 2010, fr., A. P. Cardozo et al. 27 (UNOP!); trilha do Poço Preto, Area 3, 25 º 62 ’ 82 ’’ S, 54 º 46 ’ 38 ’’ W, 26 September 2019, fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 64 (UNOP!). Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Capanema, futuro reservatório da UHE Baixo Iguaçu, 25 º 31 ’ 19 ’’ S, 53 º 38 ’ 53 ’’ W, 26 July 2018, bt., D. R. Da Silva et al. 425 (UNOP!). BRAZIL, PARANÁ: Cascavel, borda da Mata Fechada da FAG, 24 º 56 ’ 34 ’’ S, 53 º 30 ’ 48 ’’ W, 15. IX. 2017, fl., fr., L. H. S. M. Conceição & J. P. B. Silva 19 (UNOP!); Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 23. IX. 2012, fr., J. P. Borges et al. 28 (UNOP!). BRAZIL, PARANÁ: Matelândia, mata da antiga Fazenda Leão, 25 º 21 ’ 12 ’’ S, 53 º 53 ’ 40 ’’ W, 10. VII. 2014, bt., R. Cielo-Filho & J. N. Oliveira 1443 (UNOP!). BRAZIL, PARANÁ: Santa Terezinha do Itaipu, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Santa Maria, 1 September 2010, fl., D. Gris 57 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844319FF66FF5DFBC9F9AD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: Casearia sylvestris occurs from Mexico to South America, except in Chile (Marquete & Mansano 2016). In Brazil it occurs in all regions (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in all areas, in Submontane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, Alluvial Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and in Mixed Ombrophilous Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in August and with fruits in September and October.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844319FF66FF5DFBC9F9AD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Casearia sylvestris can be recognized by its small stipules (1 × 1 mm), the leaves with conspicuous, abundant translucent dots and traces, the 3 - lobed stigma and by the smaller fruits (4 – 5 × 4 mm) when compared to C. decandra. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 26,386.398 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844318FF66F969FBC9FAC5.taxon	description	Description: — Trees, treelets and shrubs 3 – 6 m.; unarmed, branches slightly striate to smooth, brown to grayish, old branches glabrous and young branches tomentose, rarely pubescent, not lenticellate, rarely slightly lenticellate; leaf-like stipules, 7 – 13 × 3 – 8 mm, falcate, external surface glabrous, internal surface tomentose, glabrous to glabrescent, margin ciliate, glands in the margin present; Leaves discolorous; petioles (10 –) 12 – 22 (– 31) mm long, cylindrical, sometimes slightly flattened, canaliculate at the base, rarely caniculate at the apex, pubescent to tomentose; blade (65 –) 75 – 124 × (36 –) 41 – 67 (– 108) mm, elliptic to ovate, apex acuminate, base rounded, slightly cordate, sometimes slightly oblique, margin serrate, ciliate, with glands in the abaxial surface, membranaceous, adaxial surface glabrescent to pubescent, abaxial surface pubescent, translucent dots absent, actinodromus with 7 (– 8) primary veins, primary and secondary veins not prominent in the adaxial surface, primary and secondary prominent in the abaxial surface, glands at the base of the leaf blade present, 2, brown to blackish. Inflorescences racemose to corymb, (41 –) 50 – 72 mm long, main axis and ramifications pubescent, bracts not observed, bracteoles 3 × 0.5 – 1 mm, lanceolate, ciliate, external surface pubescent, internal surface glabrous. Flowers bisexual; pedicel (12 –) 13 – 21 (– 22) mm long, pubescent, articulated near the lower third; sepals 3, (8 –) 9 – 10.5 × (5 –) 6.5 – 7 mm, ovate to widely ovate, external surface tomentose to pubescent, internal face villous, petals 3, (5.5 –) 6 – 6.5 × (2.5 –) 3.5 – 4 mm, elliptic, external surface tomentose, internal surface villous, apex reflexed; stamens numerous, filaments 8 – 8.5 mm long, glabrous, straight, anthers basifixed, rimose, glabrous, apical gland of the anther absent, connective not observed, lobes of the nectariferous disk absent; ovary 2.5 – 3.5 × 2 – 2.5 mm, widely ellipsoid to ovoid, pubescent from the middle region to the apex, superior, 3 – 4 carpellate, 3 – 4 locular, ovules numerous, placentation axial (peltate placenta), style 5 – 5.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma 3 – 4 lobed, glabrous. Fruit a berry, 7.5 – 8 × 7.5 – 8 mm, spheroid, pubescent, dark red to vinaceous when ripe, levigate, indehiscent, aril absent; seeds 8, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, blackish, longitudinally striate, apiculate; embryo spatulate 0.5 – 1.5 × 0.5 mm, cotyledonary leaves rounded at apex and base, hypocotyl-radicle axis cylindrical. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: cercanias da BR- 277, Area 1, 25 º 9 ’ 9 ’’ S, 53 º 50 ’ 4 ’’ W, 29 October 2020, fl., bt., E. L. Siqueira et al. 3460 (HCF, UNOP!); trilha da Educação Ambiental, Area 1, 25 º 9 ’ 21 ’’ S, 53 º 50 ’ 38 ’’ W, 29 November 2018, fl., C. R. Rauber et al. 212 (UNOP!); trilha Manoel Gomes, Area 1, 25 º 9 ’ 16 ’’ S, 53 º 50 ’ 24 ’’ W, 2 December 2019, fl., L. H. S. M. Conceição & J. G. Wink 195 (UNOP!); trilha Manoel Gomes, Area 1, 25 º 9 ’ 18 ’’ S, 53 º 50 ’ 19 ’’ W, 2 December 2019, fl., L. H. S. M. Conceição & J. G. Wink 197 (UNOP!); trilha Manoel Gomes, Area 1, 25 º 9 ’ 31 ’’ S, 53 º 49 ’ 45 ’’ W, 2 December 2019, fl., L. H. S. M. Conceição & J. G. Wink 202 (UNOP!); trilha da cachoeira do Rio Azul, Area 1, 28 January 2020 (fr.), L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 241 (UNOP!); edge of forest by rod S. of Jardinópolis, Area 2, 19 November 1966, fl., J. C. Lindeman & J. H. de Hass 3304 (U!); trilha da Represa, Area 3, 25 º 37 ’ 41 ’’ S, 54 º 27 ’ 50 ’’ W, 6 December 2019, fl., L. H. S. M. Conceição et al. 205 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844318FF66F969FBC9FAC5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Prockia crucis occurs from Mexico to South America, with its southerly range limits in northern Argentina and southern Uruguay (Sleumer 1980). In Brazil it occurs in all regions (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs in all three areas, in Submontane Semidecidual Seasonal Forest, Montane Mixed Ombrophilous Forest and Alluvial Mixed Ombrophilous Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in October, November and December, and with fruits in January.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF844318FF66F969FBC9FAC5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Prockia crucis can be recognized by its 7 (– 8) nerved leaves, with a rounded to slightly cordate base with two glands. Besides that, it is the only species of Salicaceae from the ParNa Iguaçu with corymb or racemose inflorescences. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 18,706.085 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF85431BFF66FA81FBC9FE65.taxon	description	Description: — Trees 4 m; armed, branches striate, brown-grayish, branches glabrous at the base and sparse-pubescent near the apex, lenticellate; stipules not observed; Leaves discolorous; petiole 11 – 14 mm long, cylindrical, canaliculate in the adaxial surface, pubescent; blade 74 – 79 × 38 – 45 mm, elliptic, apex acute to slightly acuminate, base obtuse, margin serrate, glands slightly towards the abaxial surface, chartaceous, pubescent in both surfaces, translucent dots absent, cladodromous to slightly eucamptodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly prominent in the adaxial surface, prominent in the abaxial surface, glands at the base of the leaf blade absent. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts ca. 1.5 × 1.5 mm, very broadly ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface glabrous, margin ciliate, bracteoles not observed. Flowers unisexual; pedicels 4 – 4.5 mm long, pubescent from the base to the articulation, glabrescent from the articulation to the apex, articulated in the lower third; Staminate flowers with sepals 4 (5), 2 × 1.5 – 2 mm, ovate, widely ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface pubescent, margin ciliate; petals absent; stamens 20, lobes of the nectariferous disk inconspicuous; Pistillate flowers with sepals 4 (5), 2 × 1.5 – 2 mm, ovate, widely ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface pubescent, margin ciliate; petals absent; lobes of the nectariferous disk inconspicuous; ovary ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, widely ovoid, glabrous, superior, 2 carpellate, unilocular, few ovules, placentation parietal, style 0.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma 2 - lobed, puberulent; Fruit not observed; seeds not observed; embryo not observed. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: antiga estrada de Guarapuava, Area 2, 7 October 2015, fl., R. Cielo-Filho & R. Câmara 1741 (SPSF!). Additional Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Cascavel, Parque Ecológico Paulo Gorski, 29 August 2013, fl., J. P. Borges 202 (UNOP!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF85431BFF66FA81FBC9FE65.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Xylosma ciliatifolia occurs in Venezuela, Guiana, Bolivia and Brazil, present in the Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South regions of the latter (Torres & Ramos 2007, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs only in area 2, in Submontane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in October. Not yet collected with fruits in ParNa Iguaçu.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF85431BFF66FA81FBC9FE65.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Xylosma ciliatifolia can be recognized by its spines, the pubescent leaves without glands at the base and by the unisexual flowers with 2 - lobate stigma and pedicels articulated in the lower third. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 8,356.071 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern – LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF87431AFF66FF5DFBC9FBED.taxon	description	Description: — Treelet 3 m; armed, branches striate, brown-grayish, branches puberulent, lenticellate; stipules not observed; Leaves discolorous; petiole 12 – 13 mm long, cylindrical, slightly flattened in the adaxial surface, puberulent; blade 62 – 83 × 35 – 45 mm, elliptic to ovate, apex obtuse to acute, base attenuate, margin crenate, glands towards the abaxial surface, chartaceous, both surfaces glabrous, translucent dots absent, cladodromous to slightly eucamptodromus, midvein and secondary veins slightly prominent in the adaxial surface, prominent in the abaxial surface, glands at the base of the leaf blade present, 2 – 4, brown to blackish. Inflorescences fasciculate, bracts ca. 2 × 1 mm, ovate, both surfaces glabrous, margin ciliate, bracteoles not observed. Flowers unisexual; pedicels 2.5 – 4 mm long, puberulent, articulated in the upper third region; Staminate flowers not observed; Pistillate flowers with sepals 5 – 6, 2 × 1 – 1.25 mm, ovate, external surface glabrous, internal surface pubescent, margin ciliate in the apical region of the sepals; petals absent; lobes of the nectariferous disk inconspicuous; ovary ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, widely ovoid, glabrous, superior, 4 carpellate, unilocular, few ovules, placentation parietal, style ca. 0.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma 4 - lobed, puberulent. Fruit not observed; seeds not observed; embryo not observed. Examined Material: — BRAZIL. PARANÁ: antiga Fazenda Salinet, Area 3, 25 ° 35 ’ 31 ” S, 54 ° 22 ’ 46 ” W, 30 January 2019, fl., M. G. Caxambu et al. 9096 (HCF!).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF87431AFF66FF5DFBC9FBED.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Xylosma venosa occurs in Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Northern Uruguay (Torres & Ramos 2007). In Brazil it occurs in the Midwest, Southeast and South regions, with its southern limit in Paraná (Torres & Ramos 2007, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024). In the ParNa Iguaçu it occurs only in area 3, in Submontane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Phenology: — Collected with flowers in January. Not yet collected with fruits in ParNa Iguaçu.	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
09781A7EFF87431AFF66FF5DFBC9FBED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Xylosma venosa can be recognized by its spines, glabrous leaves with 2 – 4 glands at the base, unisexual flowers with 4 - lobed stigma, and pedicel articulated at the upper third region. Preliminary Conservation Status: — This species has a very wide distribution, EOO = 4,416.570 km ², as well as several records deposited in herbaria, including recent collections and confirmed occurrence in integral protection conservation units, this species is therefore assessed as Least Concern — LC (IUCN 2024).	en	Conceição, Lázaro Henrique Soares De Moraes, Marquete, Ronaldo, Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi, Temponi, Lívia Godinho (2025): Salicaceae of Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Phytotaxa 682 (1): 51-67, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.3
