identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FBF2FA025205.text	0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FBF2FA025205.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helictes Haliday 1837	<div><p>Key to the females of Neotropical species of Helictes</p><p>(modified from Dash 1992 and Humala 2007)</p><p>1. Propodeum with short or strong apophysis................................................................. 2. Propodeum lacking apophysis........................................................................... 3</p><p>2. Body size more than 5.0 mm; 24 flagellomeres; flagellomeres 13–19 white; fore wing with nervulus interstitial, broken; hind wing with Cu1 present (Fig. 10).......................................................................... 4. Body size smaller than 4.5 mm; flagellomeres 25–29; all flagellomeres black; fore wing with the nervulus interstitial, not broken; hind wing with Cu1 absent........................................................... H. erythrostoma</p><p>3. Subocular sulcus absent or very weak (Fig. 21); 17 flagellomeres............................... H. absulcus sp. nov. . Subocular sulcus present; 28 flagellomeres.............................................. H. limbatus Dasch, 1992</p><p>4. Body black except for the end of second tergite and sternum white (Fig. 14); mesopleuron polished (Fig. 17); hind wing with vein cu-a inserted well below the level of the M+Cu junction; nervellus strongly inclivous (Fig. 18)..... H. tenebrus sp. nov. . Body dark brown; mesopleuron matt (Fig. 1); hind wing with vein cu-a inserted moderately below the level of the M+Cu junction; nervellus moderately inclivous (Fig. 10).............................................. H. magnus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FBF2FA025205	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Scanavachi, Júlia;Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria	Scanavachi, Júlia, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2025): New species of Helictes Haliday 1837 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Chile. Zootaxa 5665 (1): 121-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8
0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FD73FD2F5004.text	0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FD73FD2F5004.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helictes Haliday 1837	<div><p>Genus Helictes Haliday, 1837</p><p>Type species: Ichneumon erythrostoma Gmelin, designated by Westwood, 1840</p><p>Generic description. Helictes can be distinguished from other Orthocentrinae genera of the Helictes genus group by the combination of the following characters: clypeus narrow convex, separated from face by a groove; eyes small; subocular sulcus present with a shallow groove from eye to mandible, mandible slender, twisted, with two teeth visible; occipital carina complete; scape large, ovate; prepectal carina complete; sternum fused to tergum, glymma lacking, ovipositor short (Dasch 1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F11F716FFF0C24A3AD9FD73FD2F5004	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Scanavachi, Júlia;Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria	Scanavachi, Júlia, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2025): New species of Helictes Haliday 1837 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Chile. Zootaxa 5665 (1): 121-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8
0F11F716FFF0C24F3AD9F918FB3B55A6.text	0F11F716FFF0C24F3AD9F918FB3B55A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helictes magnus Scanavachi & Penteado-Dias 2025	<div><p>Helictes magnus Scanavachi &amp; Penteado-Dias sp. nov.</p><p>Holotype (Figs 1–4. 7–13) (MNNC) CHILE, ♀ “ Osorno, Chile, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.316666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.316666/lat -40.733334)">Parque Nacional Puyehue, Termas Aguas Calientes</a> ‘’ S40°44’ W 72°19 ’’; alt. 440m; 14.I-03.II.2017; D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap . Paratypes: 1 ♂; same data as holotype (MNNC); 1 ♀ same data as holotype, except DCBU 386929, alt. 440 m, sweeping; 1 ♀ Provincia de Llanquihue, Chile, Vulcão Osorno, DCBU 385717, 322 m, sweeping ; 1 ♀ Parque Nacional Puyehue, Chile, Osorno, Antillanca; 06.I.2020, DCBU 508758, 987 m, D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the face black, tergite 2 brown with apex pale yellow, tergite 3 pale yellow, epomia, notaulus and subocular sulcus present, sternaulus very short and shallow, female flagellomeres 13–19 white. Fore wing with nervulus broken and hind wing with Cu1 strong.</p><p>Description of holotype ♀, body length 5.8 mm. Fore wing, length 5.0 mm. Hind wing length 1.2 mm (Fig. 1).</p><p>Head. Head coriaceous with sparse setae, face width 1.3 × height, mandible twisted with two teeth visible; lower tooth shorter than upper tooth. Malar space 0.9 × basal width of mandible with subocular sulcus present; maxillary palp not so long. Inner eye orbits subparallel. Clypeus convex, coriaceous, apex width 0,8 × height, apical edge of clypeus truncate (Fig. 2). Eye–ocellar distance 0.7 × diameter of lateral ocellus; occipital carina complete and upcurved (Fig. 3). Scape very elongated; length of first flagellomere 3.6 × width, length of second flagellomere 2.8 × width; 24 flagellomeres.</p><p>Mesosoma. Pronotum coriaceous with epomia present. Mesopleuron coriaceous and pilose, epicnemial carina present, mesopleural fovea punctiform, mesopleural groove present to slightly coriaceous, sternaulus distinct, short and shallow, present only on anterior 0.3 of mesopleuron. Mesoscutum and scutellum coriaceous and densely pilose, notaulus deep, prescutellar groove coriaceous with transversal carina; scutellum with lateral carinae up to its apex (Fig. 6). Propodeum coriaceous and pilose; carina pleural, median longitudinal carinae and posterior transverse carina present, without costula. Propodeal apophyses resulting from crossing median longitudinal carinae and anterior transverse carina developed (Fig. 8).</p><p>Legs: Hind femur 1.38 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 8.1 × as long as wide, 1.1 × as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus 1.7 × as long as second segment, a dense hair fringe on the apex of the hind tibia (Fig. 7). Large claws and arolium present (arolium does not exceed the size of the claw).</p><p>Wings. Fore wing areolet absent; two bullae present on vein 2m-cu; Rs straight and extended to end of the wing; nervulus interstitial and broken (Fig 9). Hind wing Cu1 present, one bulla present in intercubitella; nervellus reclivous intercepted by Cu1 below the middle (Fig. 10).</p><p>Metasoma. First tergite length 3.0 × apical width. First and second tergites coriaceous, remainder polished; glymma absent (Figs 11, 12). Ovipositor very short, 0.13 × length hind tibia (Fig. 13).</p><p>Color. Face, scape, pedicel and flagellomeres dark brown with white spot white on apex of flagellomeres 13–19. Clypeus brown and mandibles yellow with apex of teeth brown; palpi light yellow; pronotum, mesopleuron, mesoscutum and scutellum brown, propodeum dark brown. Tegula brown. Darkened wings. Legs mostly light brown; hind leg black, dorsal tibia and all tarsomeres light brown. Metasomal tergite 1 dark brown, tergites 2 and 3 brown with apex pale yellow, remaining brown. Sternites whitish with light brown spots, ovipositor sheath pale yellow.</p><p>Male. Body length 6.0– 6.5 mm; tyloids on flagellomeres 5–7; mesopleuron and mesoscutum polished (Figs 4, 5).</p><p>Etymology. The name magnus refers to the large size of the individuals compared with the general siz e Orthocentrinae .</p><p>Distribution. Osorno, Chile.</p><p>Comments. This sp. nov. is very similar to Helictes erythrostoma, but differs in the white flagellomeres; the broken nervulus on the fore wing; the presence of Cu1 vein on the hind wing; and body size.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F11F716FFF0C24F3AD9F918FB3B55A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Scanavachi, Júlia;Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria	Scanavachi, Júlia, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2025): New species of Helictes Haliday 1837 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Chile. Zootaxa 5665 (1): 121-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8
0F11F716FFF5C24F3AD9FE59FD92535E.text	0F11F716FFF5C24F3AD9FE59FD92535E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helictes tenebrus Scanavachi & Penteado-Dias 2025	<div><p>Helictes tenebrus Scanavachi &amp; Penteado-Dias sp. nov.</p><p>Holotype (Figs 14–19) CHILE (MNNC) ♀ ‘’ Osorno, Chile, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.21083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.21083/lat -40.766666)">Parque Nacional Puyehue’</a> ’ ‘’ S40°46 ’’ W 72°12’39’’ alt 987m; 16-30.III.2020; D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap; (MNNC) . Paratypes: CHILE, 2 ♂; same data for holotype ‘’ S 40°46’55 ’ W 72°12’39’’, D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap; 1 ♂ DCBU 386340; ‘’ Osorno, Chile, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.31306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.735" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.31306/lat -40.735)">Parque Nacional Puyehue’</a> ’; ‘’ S40°44’06’’ W 72°18’47’’ alt 528m; 14.I-03.II.2017; D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap ; 1 ♂ DCBU 385842; ‘’ Osorno, Chile, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.30667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.737778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.30667/lat -40.737778)">Parque Nacional Puyehue’</a> ’; ‘’ S40°44’16’’ W 72°18’24’’ alt 464m; 14.I-03.II.2017; D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be separated from other Chilean species by body entirely black; mesopleuron polished,second tergite black at anterior and posterior white; darkened wings; nervulus broken; sternaulus short and shallow, and spot white spot on the antenna.</p><p>Description of holotype. ♀ body length 5.0 mm; fore wing length 5.1 mm, hind wing length 4.3 mm (Fig. 14).</p><p>Head. Head coriaceous with sparse setae, face width 1.2 × height, malar space 1.1 × basal width of mandible, with discrete subocular sulcus, mandible twisted with two visible teeth, lower tooth shorter than upper tooth. Inner eye orbits subparallel. Clypeus convex, apex dark brown width 0.9 height, apical edge of clypeus truncate (Fig. 15). Eye–ocellar distance 0.8 × diameter of lateral ocellus. Length of first flagellomere 3.2 × width, length of second flagellomere 2.2 × width. Scape elongated, 24 flagellomeres. Flagellomeres 13–19 white.</p><p>Mesosoma. Pronotum coriaceous with epomia present (Fig. 17). Mesopleuron polished and punctate, epicnemial carina and mesopleural fovea present, sternaulus distinct, short and shallow, present only on anterior 0.3 of mesopleuron. Mesoscutum and scutellum coriaceous and densely pilose, notaulus deep, prescutellar groove with transversal carina. Scutellum with lateral carinae up to its apex. Propodeum smooth and pilose; with pleural carina median longitudinal carinae and posterior transverse carina present, without costula. Propodeal apophyses resulting from crossing the median longitudinal carinae and anterior transverse carina (Fig. 18).</p><p>Legs. Hind femur 4.6 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 6.1 × as long as wide, first segment of hind tarsus 1.4 × as long as second segment; a dense hair fringe on the apex of the hind tibia. Large claws and arolium present; arolium does not exceed the size of the claw.</p><p>Wings. Fore wing areolet absent. Two bullae on vein 2m-cu; Rs straight and extended to the end of the wing; nervulus interstitial and broken. Hind wing Cu1 present; nervellus strongly inclivous; vein cu-a reclivous and inserted well below the level of M+Cu1 (Fig. 18).</p><p>Metasoma. Tergite 1 length 2.7 × apical width. First and second tergites coriaceous, remainder polished; glymma absent; ovipositor very short 0.15 × hind tibia.</p><p>Color. Head mostly black; clypeus brown, mandibles and palpi dark brown; pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron black, propodeum dark brown. Tegula brown. Legs mostly light brown, hind legs black, dorsal tibia and all tarsomeres light brown. Metasomal tergite 1 dark brown, tergites 2 and 3 brown with apex pale yellow, remainder brown. Sternites whitish with light brown spots, ovipositor sheath pale yellow.</p><p>Male. Similar to female, but without propodeal apophyses. Body length 5.9 mm; antenna with 26 antennomeres, entirely brown Tyloids present on flagellomeres 5–7.</p><p>Etymology. Refers to the dark color of the specimens.</p><p>Distribution. Osorno, Chile.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F11F716FFF5C24F3AD9FE59FD92535E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Scanavachi, Júlia;Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria	Scanavachi, Júlia, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2025): New species of Helictes Haliday 1837 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Chile. Zootaxa 5665 (1): 121-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8
0F11F716FFF7C24C3AD9FF14FD9257C3.text	0F11F716FFF7C24C3AD9FF14FD9257C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helictes absulcus , Scanavachi & Penteado-Dias 2025	<div><p>Helictes absulcus, Scanavachi &amp; Penteado-Dias sp. nov.</p><p>Holotype (Fig. 21–25): CHILE (MNNC) ♀ ‘’ Osorno, Chile, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-40.916668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.0/lat -40.916668)">Parque Nacional Puyehue’</a> ’ ‘’ S40°55 ’’ W 72° 1239’’ alt 987m; 16-30.III.2020; D. S. Amorim; Malaise trap; (MNNC) . Paratypes: CHILE, 1 ♂; S 40°46’55 ’ W 72°12’39’’, 09-23.XII.2019; alt 987m, Malaise trap; S40°46’28’’ W 72°12’41’’ alt 1054m; 14.I-03.II.2017, Malaise trap; 2 ♂; DCBU 387416 S 40°46’28’’ W 72°12’41’’ alt 1054m; 14.I-03.II.2017, D. Yeates; Malaise trap; DCBU 386782 S 40°46’28’’ W 72°12’41’’ alt 1054m; 14.I- 03.II 2017, D. Yeates; Malaise trap .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the absence of subocular sulcus and the short antenna.</p><p>Description of holotype. ♀ body length 3.8 mm; fore wing length 3.5mm hind wing length 2.6 mm</p><p>Head. Head coriaceous, face width 1.3 × height, malar space 1.5 × basal width of mandible, e with subocular sulcus absent or very weak, mandible twisted with two teeth visible, with lower tooth shorter than upper tooth. Inner eye orbits subparallel. Clypeus convex, apex width 0.6 × height, apical edge of clypeus truncate. Eye–ocellar distance 1.9 × diameter of lateral ocellus (Fig. 22). Scape elongated 2.15 × longer than wide, 17 flagellomeres. Length of first flagellomere 3. × width, length of second flagellomere 0.17 × width.</p><p>Mesosoma. Pronotum coriaceous with epomia present. Mesopleuron polished and punctate, epicnemial carina and mesopleural fovea present, sternaulus distinct, short and shallow present only on anterior 0.3 of mesopleuron. Mesoscutum and scutellum coriaceous and densely pilose, notaulus deep, prescutellar groove with transversal carina. Scutellum with lateral carinae up to its apex (Fig. 23). Propodeum coriaceous and pilose, with pleural carina, median longitudinal carinae and posterior transverse carina present, without costula. Propodeal apophyses absent (Fig. 24).</p><p>Legs. Hind femur 3.5 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 7.3 × as long as wide, first segment of hind tarsus 0.3 × as long as second segment; dense hair fringe on apex of the hind tibia. Large claws and arolium.</p><p>Wings. Fore wing areolet absent. Two bullae on vein 2m-cu; Rs straight and extended to the end of the wing; nervous interstitial and broken. Hind wing intercepted by Cu1 below the middle.</p><p>Metasoma. Tergite 1 length 2.5 × apical width. The first and second tergites coriaceous, rest polished; glymma absent; ovipositor very short, 0.1 × the hind tibia. (Fig. 25).</p><p>Color. Head black; clypeus brown, mandibles and palpi dark brown; pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron black, propodeum dark brown. Tegula brown. Legs mostly light brown, hind legs black, dorsal tibia and all tarsomeres light brown. Metasomal tergite 1 dark brown, tergites 2 and 3 brown with apex pale yellow, remaining brown. Sternites whitish with light brown spots, ovipositor sheaths pale yellow.</p><p>Male. Similar to females.</p><p>Etymology. The name refers to the absence of subocular sulcus.</p><p>Distribution. Osorno, Chile.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F11F716FFF7C24C3AD9FF14FD9257C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Scanavachi, Júlia;Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria	Scanavachi, Júlia, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2025): New species of Helictes Haliday 1837 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Chile. Zootaxa 5665 (1): 121-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5665.1.8
