identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
133787D8FFA47B331339FD38FD3FFD55.text	133787D8FFA47B331339FD38FD3FFD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum bicinctum (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Chrysotoxum bicinctum (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Distribution. Widespread throughout Europe, possibly very rare in the Iberian Peninsula. In Spain, records of this species are confirmed just from the provinces of As- turias, Cantabria and Lérida.</p><p>Material examined. Many records in the authors’ collections throughout Europe. Spain: 1♂ (CEUA), Astur- ias, Santillán, 6-VII-1986, M.A. Marcos García (26b), [det. as C. bicinctum form A by A. Ssymank in 2009] ; 1♀ (CPP), Cantabria, Potes, Las Ilces, 43˚06’41” N, 4˚45’27” W, 754 m, 26-VI-2017, C.J. Palmer ; 1♀ (CPP), Girona, Setcases, 26-VIII-1996, C.J. Palmer ; 1♀ “yellow” (SBH), Lleida, Bordes de Graus, camping, 42˚40’07” N 1˚14’14” E, 1321 m, 4-VII-2019, S. Bot ; 1♀ (SBH), Lleida, near Tavascan, 42˚40’59” N, 1˚13’59” W, 1400 m, 29-VII-2013, S. Bot ; 1♂ (NBC), Lleida, Vall d’Aran, VIII-[19]45 ; 1♂ (CEUA), Santander, Vada, 22- VI-1987, M.A. Marcos García (34) .</p><p>The two CEUA males were already published as C. bicinctum in Marcos-García (1990) and are here confirmed to belong to this species.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Chrysotoxum volaticum and was, until recently, confused with this species in Europe (Ssymank &amp; Doczkal 2007). Note that there is a form of C. bicinctum resembling C. volaticum in the more extensively dark coloured wing (Fig. 3F). These specimens are common in the UK and Scandinavia and are generally darker (Figs 2C, 2D), with dark legs, dark abdomen and dark-brown to entirely black (as in Figs 4A, 4C) mouth edge and hypostomal bridge. In the Pyrenees, intermediate forms are also found with a combination of characters in-between C. bicinctum and C. volaticum indicating possible hybridization.</p><p>There is one female (Spain, Pyrenees, coll. SBH) with black mouth edge and hypostomal bridge as in C. volaticum and a short wing macula, a black frons with small pollinose maculae and narrow fascia on tergum IV as in C. bicinctum . Two other females (coll. SBH, Spain Lérida and France, Pyrenees) have a yellow hypostomal bridge, a black frons and a short wing macula as in C. bicinctum, but large pollinose maculae on the frons and a wide yellow fascia on tergum IV as in C. volaticum . These all could be females of C. bicinctum in which the last two are “yellow” forms in which the pollinose maculae on the frons are larger. There are three males (France, Pyrenees, coll. SBH), sympatric with one of the “yellow” females, which seem to be more straightforward identified as Chrysotoxum volaticum, although the frontal pollinosity, the frontal colour and the colouration of the scutellum seem to be more like in C. bicinctum .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFA47B331339FD38FD3FFD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFA77B38131CFF09FF5CFC03.text	133787D8FFA77B38131CFF09FF5CFC03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum volaticum Seguy 1961	<div><p>Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961</p><p>Distribution. Originally described from Algeria and Morocco (Séguy, 1961). Recently recorded from Morocco (Claussen, 1989; Claussen &amp; Hauser, 1990). Dirickx (1994) also reported this species in the Mediterranean region of Morocco.</p><p>New to Europe and found in France, Portugal and Spain.</p><p>Material examined. Type series: 2 ♂, 3 ♀, “ Moyen At- las, Ifrane (Morocco), VI-[1]949”, “Museum Paris 1949 L. Chopard ” ; 1 ♂ “Setif, Algérie, coll. Théry ”, “Museum Paris, Algérie, Setif A. Théry 1902” (MNHN). France: 2 ♀ (MRL), Cevennes, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.4808333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.915558" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.4808333/lat 43.915558)">Causse Blandas</a>, 10 km SW Le Vigan, 43°54’56” N, 3°28’51” E, 800 m, 20-VIII-2014, M. Reemer ; 1 ♀ (JSA), Languedoc-Roussillon, Prades, 144 Jeroen van Steenis et al .</p><p>Les Sauterelles, 42°34’15” N 2°24’49” E, 785 m, 12- VIII-2014, J. van Steenis; 1♀ (JSA), Vernet les Bains, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.314722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.480556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.314722/lat 42.480556)">Col de Mantet</a>, 42°28’50” N 2°18’53” E, 1765 m, 17- VIII-2014 , J. van Steenis; 3 ♂ (SBH), Pyrenees, Vallée d’Eyne, 42˚28’05” N, 2˚05’17” E, 1650 m, 23-VII-2013 , S. Bot; 1 ♂ (NBC), Pyrenees Orientales, Font Rocheu, 11-VII-1965 , J. v.d Vecht; 1 ♀ (NBC), Pyrenees Oriental- es, Fillols, 10-VII-1965 , J. v.d. Vecht; 1 ♀ (NBC), Vau- cluse, Carpentras VI-1953 , P.M.F. Verhoeff; 12 ♀ (NBC), Vaucluse, Carpentras, 1–3-VIII-1953 , P.M.F. Verhoeff; Morocco: 2 ♀ (NBC), Toubkal Massif, Oukaïmeden, 2500-2800 m, 2–8-VII-1977 , v. Oorschot, Houkes &amp; Oosterbroek; 1 ♀ (NBC), Arhbalou, 43 km S. Marrakech, route S513, 1000 m, 3–14-VII-1977 , v. Oorschot, Houkes &amp; Oosterbroek; Portugal: 1 ♀ (NBC), Doure, Resende, 16–19-VII-1953 , P.M.F. Verhoeff; 1 ♀ (AET), Braga, Gilmonde, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.48389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.766666/lat 41.48389)">Barcelos</a>, 41°29’02” N 8°46’00” W, 22-V-2012 , R. Andrade; Spain: 1 ♂ (JSA), Albacete, Sierra de Alcaraz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.35/lat 38.566666)">Batán del Puerto</a>, 38°34’ N 2°21’ W, 1200 m, 21-VI-2003 , J. van Steenis; 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (JSA), 3 ♀ (MZW), Sierra de Alcaraz, Puerto de las <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4333334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4333334/lat 38.516666)">Crucetillas</a>, 38°31’ N 2°26’ W, 1400 m, 21-VI-2003 , J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MZW), Sierra de Alcaraz, Puerto de las <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4/lat 38.533333)">Crucetillas</a>, 38°32’ N, 2°24’ W, 1100 m, 21- VI-2003 , M.P. van Zuijen; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (JSA), 1♀ (MZW), Sierra de Alcaraz, Puerto de las <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.3833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.3833332/lat 38.533333)">Crucetillas</a>, 38°32’ N, 2°23’ W, 1000–1200 m, 22-VI-2003 , J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen; 1 ♀ (JSA), Sierra de Alcaraz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.3333333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.3333333/lat 38.516666)">Cañada del Provencio</a>, 38°31’ N 2°20’W, 1000 m, 22-VI-2003 , J. van Steenis; 1 ♂ (NBC), Andalucía, Prado Llano, 23-VII-1980 ; 1 ♀ (NBC), Andalucía, Prado Llano, 24-VII-1980 ; 1♀ (NBC), Vadillo Castril, Sierra de Cazorla, 3-VIII-1980 ; 5 ♂ (MRL), Andalucía, Sierra Nevada, 2 km N of Trevelez, 25-VI-2003 , M. Reemer; 1 ♂ (MRL), Andalu- cía, Sierra Nevada, Trevélez, 37˚00’47” N, 3˚15’47” W, 1600 m, 10-VI-2019 , M. Reemer; 1 ♀ (CEUA), Ávila, Becedas, 6-VII-1977 , M.A. Marcos-García; 2 ♂ (ASW), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ (DDG), Castilla la Mancha, Sierra de Alcaraz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.504723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.46/lat 38.504723)">Riópar</a>, 38°30’17” N, 2°27’36” W, ca. 775 m, 14-VI-2003 , A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal; 4 ♂, 1 ♀ (ASW), 5♂, 1♀ (DDG), Sierra de Alcaraz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4050002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4050002/lat 38.5375)">Espinares de León</a>, 38°32’15” N, 2°24’18” W, ca. 1380 m, 14-VI-2003 , A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal; 3 ♀ (CEUA), Ciudad Real, P.N. Cabañeros, respectively 20-V-2005, 5-VII-2005, 24-VIII-2005 , A. Ricarte; 3 ♂ (NBC), Gerona, Ribas de Freser, 900 m, 25-VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♂ (NBC), Gerona, Ribas de Freser, 900 m, 26-VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 2 ♂ (NBC), Gerona, Mollo, 1300 m, 17-VII-1970 ,</p><p>First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus from Spain 145</p><p>V.S. v.d. Goot; 2 ♂ (NBC), Gerona, Ribas, Zariquiey ; 1 ♀ (NBC), La Rioja, dal v Najerilla, S. of Najera, ca 10 km S. of Anguiano, 22-VII–10-VIII-1988 , P.J. v. Helsdingen; 2 ♀ (NBC), Gerona, Ribas de Freser, 900 m, 21- VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Gerona, Ribas de Freser, 900 m, 25-VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Gerona, Mollo, 1300 m, 19-VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Gerona, Sant Ilari de Sacala, VIII-1969 , Serra; 1 ♂ (NBC), Granada, Capileira, 22-VII-1969 , H. Over- beek; 1 ♀ (NBC), Montseny, St Pere de Vilamajor, Sagar- ra ; 2 ♀ (NBC), Guadalajara, Tierzo bei Mo [illegible]na, 1100 m, 11-VII-1977 , W. Schacht; 1 ♂ (NBC), Guada- lajara, Tierzo bei M[illegible], 1100 m, 11-VII-1977 , W. Schacht; 2 ♂ (NBC), Huesca, Torla, 1036 m, 8–26-VII-1974 , J. Wolschrijn; 1 ♀ (MNCN), Huesca, San Juan de la Peña, 1220 m, Exp. Inst. de Entomología, 4-VIII-1943 , Chrysotoxum bicinctum (L, 1758) Peris Torres det. 1945; 1 ♂ (MNCN) Jaén, Sierras de Segura, El Pardal, VI-1903 , Escalera; 1 ♂ (CEUA), León, Valdetejas, 1200 m, 13-VII-1977 , M.A. Marcos-García; 1 ♀ (NBC), Lerida, Alamacellas, Zariquiey ; 1♂ (MNCN), Madrid, Escorial, Colección Lauffer, Chrysotoxum bicinctum L, det Strobl; Escorial, VIII-1905 , Mercet, Chrysotoxum bicinctum L, Gil Collado det; 1 ♀ (CEUA), Salamanca, Béjar, 5-VII-1978 , Carmen Calvo; 3 ♂ (CEUA), Fresnedoso, 3-VII-1978 , Gonzalo Llorente; 1♂ (CEUA), Palomares-Béjar, 10-VII-1978 , Gonzalo Llorente; 1 ♂ (CEUA), Porteros, 14-VI-1981 , M. Portillo, Th. villosa; 1 ♂ (CEUA), Valle- josa de Riofrío, 15-VI-1979 , Gonzalo Llorente; 1 ♀ (NBC), Nuria, 1800–2000 m, 22-VII-1970 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (MNCN), Segovia, San Ildefonso, VII-1906 , Escalera; 1 ♀ (CEUA), Valencia, Chelva, 7–21-VI-1994 , C. Pérez-Bañón; 1 ♀ (CEUA), Requena, 22-VI-1994 , C. Pérez-Bañón; 1 ♂, Utiel, 7-VI-1994 , C. Pérez-Bañón; 1 ♂ (NBC), Sierra Alta, 1600–1800 m, 26-VII-1965 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (CEUA), Santander, Vada, 22-VI-1987 , M.A. Marcos García (34); 1 ♂ (NBC), Tarrago- na, Prades, 900 m, 1–10-VII-1967 , H. &amp; T. v. Oorschot, J. &amp; M. Lourens; 1 ♂ (NBC), Teruel, Sra de Albarracín, Noguera, 1600 m, 12-VII-1977 , W. Schacht; 1 ♂ (NBC), Teruel, Sierra de Albarracín, Noguera, 1600 m, 3–6-VIII-1980 , W. Schacht; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Bronemales ; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Aguas Amarguas, 1620 m, 21-VII-1965 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 3 ♀ (NBC), 24-VII-1965; 2 ♀ (NBC), 29- VII-1965; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Sierra Alta, 1600–1800 m, 26-VII-1965 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 3 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Pajar- es, 1000 m, 20-VII-1972 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Puerto de Pajares, 1350–1700 m, 21-VII-1972 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 3 ♀ (NBC), 22-VII-1972; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Santa Croche, 1150 m, 5-VIII-1965 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Santa Croche, 1150 m, 5-VIII-1965 , V.S. v.d. Goot; 1 ♀ (NBC), Teruel, Sierra de Al- barracín, Nogueta, 1600 m, 3–6-VIII-1980 , W. Schacht; 2 ♀ (CEUA), Jaén, P.N. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.8362777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.05336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.8362777/lat 38.05336)">Cazorla</a>, Coto Ríos, Llanos de Arance, 38º03’12.1” N, 02º50’10.6” E, 641 m, 13- VI-2019 , A. Ricarte (ZFMK-DIP-00067297, ZFMK- DIP-00067298); 1 ♂ (CEUA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.8358333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.05361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.8358333/lat 38.05361)">Jaén</a>, Coto Ríos, meadow in riverbank opposite Fuente de la Pascuala camping site, 38º03’13” N, 2º50’09” E, 641 m, 29-V-2018 , E. Galante (ZFMK-DIP-00067299).</p><p>148 Jeroen van Steenis et al.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Chrysotoxum bicinctum, differing by the characters mentioned in Table 1. See also Figs 3A–C, 4A–C, 4J–M.</p><p>Many Spanish specimens were collected while visiting flowers of Thapsia villosa L.</p><p>The Spanish examined material represents the first re- cord from Spain, including specimens previously identified as C. bicinctum from the provinces of Jaén, Madrid, Segovia (Gil Collado, 1930), Ávila, Cáceres, Salamanca (Marcos-García 1986), Valencia (Pérez-Bañón, 1995), Ciudad Real (Ricarte 2008) and Huesca (MNCN specimen identified as C. bicinctum by Peris Torres), all of them now confirmed to belong to the species C. volaticum . All other records of C. bicinctum in Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García (2017), which were not accessible to the authors of the present paper, must be regarded as doubtful until they are re-examined.</p><p>Genetics. Three specimens were successfully sequenced and the 5′–COI sequences were submitted to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.0185&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.017" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.0185/lat 0.017)">GenBank</a> (accession numbers MT517826, MT517825, MT517824 for specimens ZFMK-DIP-00067297,...00067298, and...00067299 respectively). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.0185&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.017" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.0185/lat 0.017)">The</a> obtained three DNA barcodes are identical. We compared our molecular data with two other DNA barcodes from specimens identified as C. volaticum from Morocco (Jeff H. Skevington, unpub. data), and the two Moroccan specimens have an uncorrected pairwise-distance of 0.017 –0.0185 (similarity of 98.3% and 98.15% respectively) with our specimens, and the uncorrected pairwise-distance between them is 0.00155 (99.845% similarity). The Barcode Index Number (BIN) (Ratnasingham &amp; Hebert 2013) helps to assign individuals to presumptive species, called operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and they are good estimators of valid species, but there are cases of discordance between BINs and accepted species boundaries. For C. vol-</p><p>First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus from Spain 149 aticum there is the BIN BOLD:AAJ0967 (https://doi. org/10.5883/BOLD:AAJ0967), but individuals assigned to this BIN were identified to belong to 12 different mor- phological species, e.g., Chrysotoxum arcuatum (Linnaeus, 1758), C. bicinctum, C. biguttatum Matsumura, 1911, C. elegans Loew, 1841, C. festivum (Linnaeus, 1758), C. graciosum Violovitsh, 1975, C. montanum Nedeljković &amp; Vujić, 2015, C. octomaculatum Curtis, 1837, C. sapporense Matsumura, 1916, C. vernale Loew, 1841, C. verralli Collin, 1940, and C. volaticum . This means that the algorithm that automatically assigns individuals to OTUs based on sequence variation in the COI DNA barcode region is not able to find enough differ- ences among the COI sequences of these species; in oth- er words, the intraspecific variation of this gene region overlaps with the interspecific variation among these 12 species.</p><p>The nearest-neighbour in BOLD systems (http://www. boldsystems.org) is C. orthostylum Nedeljković &amp; Vu- jić, 2015 (with BIN BOLD:ADJ6446), but the p-distance within BOLD:AAJ0967 overlaps with the distance be- tween the two BINs: in other words, there is no barcoding gap between the members of BOLD:AAJ0967 and C. orthostylum .</p><p>Modification to existing keys</p><p>In the current identification keys (e.g., Speight et al. 2016; Bot &amp; Van de Meutter, 2019) the following text should be added to separate Chrysotoxum bicinctum from C. volaticum:</p><p>5. Yellow fascia on tergum III as deep as those on tergum IV ............................................................... 6</p><p>– Yellow fascia on tergum III strongly reduced, absent to at most half the width of the fascia on tergum IV ...............................................................................5A</p><p>5A. Wing with large dark macula; radial cell R 1 completely darkened (usually blackish) and dark macula extending distinctly beyond the apex of this cell, almost reaching the apex of the wing and reaching costal border on about ½ of its length within cell R 2+3, dark wing macula usually apically clearly demarcated; scutellum almost completely yellow or with a dark-brown to black median fascia, at least basally in dorsal view broadly yellow; frontal prominence immediately above insertion of antennae yellow to brown-yellow, in some specimens blackish; genae below eyes and hypostomal bridge usually completely black or with dark brownish maculae on the sides, rarely partly yellow .................................. ....................... Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961</p><p>– Dark macula on wing margin shorter, never reaching wing apex and usually leaving the apical area of the radial cell R 1 clear, if extending beyond the apex of R 1 not reaching the costal border of cell R 2+3; scutellum black with at most apex narrowly yellow, sometimes with small yellow macula or narrow yellow fascia, anterior part black (in extensively yellow coloured specimens sometimes also a yellow fascia along the anterior margin); frons immediately above lunule black to blackish-brown; genae below eyes with a black fascia and hypostomal bridge yellow, in dark specimens genae entirely black and hypostomal bridge brownish-black .............................................. ............... Chrysotoxum bicinctum (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Additional records of species of Chrysotoxum from Spain</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFA77B38131CFF09FF5CFC03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FC12FD9FFA6C.text	133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FC12FD9FFA6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum cautum (Harris 1776)	<div><p>Chrysotoxum cautum (Harris, 1776)</p><p>Distribution. Widespread throughout Europe. Recorded from several Spanish provinces, from Alicante to Lugo (Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García, 2017).</p><p>Examined material. Spain: 4♂, 5♀ (MZW), Zaragoza, Hoya de Huesca county, Murillo de Gállego, 1-V-2010, M.P. van Zuijen .</p><p>Remarks. This is an easily recognizable species based on the extensively yellow abdomen, the large male genitalia and the cleft in female tergum V. This is the first record for the province of Zaragoza.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FC12FD9FFA6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FA22FAB9FD8F.text	133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FA22FAB9FD8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum cisalpinum Rondani 1845	<div><p>Chrysotoxum cisalpinum Rondani, 1845</p><p>Distribution. Widespread in the Mediterranean region. In Spain, recorded only from the provinces of Madrid and Salamanca (Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García, 2017; Ricarte et al. 2018).</p><p>Examined material. Spain: 1♂ (JSA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.35/lat 38.566666)">Albacete</a>, Sierra de Alcaraz, Batán del Puerto, 38°34’ N 2°21’ W, 1200 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis ; 5♂, 4♀ (JSA), 4♀ (MZW), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4333334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4333334/lat 38.516666)">Sierra de Alcaraz</a>, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°31’ N 2°26’ W, 1400 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen ; 2♂, 1♀ (JSA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4/lat 38.533333)">Sierra de Alcaraz</a>, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°32’ N 2°24’ W, 1200 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis ; 2♂, 1♀ (JSA), 1♂ (MZW), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.3833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.3833332/lat 38.533333)">Sierra</a> de Al- caraz, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°32’ N 2°23’ W, 1000- 1200 m, 22-VI-2003, J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen ; 1♂ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.504723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.46/lat 38.504723)">Riópar</a>, Sierra de Alcaraz, 38°30’17”N, 2°27’36”W, 750 m, 14-VI-2003, D. Doczkal ; 4♀ (ASW), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4050002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4050002/lat 38.5375)">Espineras de León</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4050002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4050002/lat 38.5375)">Sierra de Alcaraz</a>, close to Río de los Endrinales, 38°32’15”N, 2°24’18”W, 1380 m, 14-VI-2003, A. Ssymank .</p><p>Remarks. This species is easy to recognize based on the predominantly yellow frons (Figs 1A, 5A). Most of the specimens were collected on flowers of Thapsia villosa . This is the first record for the province of Albacete.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAC7B3810B4FA22FAB9FD8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAC7B381339FD8FFC31FB34.text	133787D8FFAC7B381339FD8FFC31FB34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum festivum Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>Chrysotoxum festivum Linnaeus, 1758</p><p>Distribution. A widespread species in the Palaearctic region. In Spain recorded from several provinces in the northern half (Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García, 2017).</p><p>Examined material. Spain: 1♂, 4♀ (JSA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=1.2361112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.371387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 1.2361112/lat 38.371387)">Lleida</a>, Sort, Col del Canto, 38°22’17” N 1°14’10” E, 1725 m, 18- VIII-2014, J. van Steenis .</p><p>Remarks. These specimens (Fig. 1B) differ from central European specimens of Chrysotoxum festivum by the entirely black hypostomal bridge (Fig. 5B); sternum II entirely black, anteriorly with yellow macula in C. festivum; black facial vitta very broad, broader than in oth- er specimens; wing extensively bare of microtrichia, at most along anterior margin of cell Cu narrowly bare in C. festivum . Further Iberian material and a study of relevant type species is needed to establish the true identity of these specimens. This is the first record for the prov- ince of Lleida.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAC7B381339FD8FFC31FB34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAC7B3B1339FAF8FDBEFD8F.text	133787D8FFAC7B3B1339FAF8FDBEFD8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum gracile Becker 1921	<div><p>Chrysotoxum gracile Becker, 1921</p><p>Distribution. Spain and France (Becker, 1921; Speight et al., 2013). In Spain, recorded only from the provinces of Avila, Huesca and Madrid (Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García, 2017).</p><p>Examined material. Spain: 3♂, 1♀ (MZW), Albacete, Sierra de Alcaraz, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°32’ N 2°24’ W, 1100 m, 21-VI-2003, M.P. van Zuijen; 1♀ (JSA), Albacete, Sierra de Alcaraz, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°31’ N 2°26’ W, 1400 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis; 3♂ (CPP), Cantabria, Potes, Las Ilces, 43˚06’41”N, 4˚45’27” W, 754 m, 26-VI-2017, CJ Palmer; 1♀ (CEUA), Madrid, Universidad Rey Don Juan Carlos, en Sil. rupestris, 21-VII-2011, Chrysotoxum festivum ? det. MªA. Marcos, Chrysotoxum gracile det. Ricarte and Nedeljković X-2019 (103); 2♂ (CPP), Palencia, Alto de la Varga, 42˚54’32”N, 4˚38’33” W, 1404 m, 24-VI-2017, CJ Palmer.</p><p>Remarks. This species (Fig. 1C) can be identified using the key in Speight et al. (2016). The narrower abdomen and the bicoloured metafemur, although sometimes very vague, are good characters to separate this species from Chrysotoxum festivum in which the abdomen is wider and the metafemur is almost entirely darkish orange-yellow, strongly contrasting with the yellow metatibia. The specimens from Sierra de Alcaraz were found visiting flowers of Thapsia villosa, while that from Madrid was found in flowers of Silene rupestris L. This is the first record for the province of Albacete.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAC7B3B1339FAF8FDBEFD8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAF7B3B109EFD8FFC04FEEA.text	133787D8FFAF7B3B109EFD8FFC04FEEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysotoxum octomaculatum Curtis 1837	<div><p>Chrysotoxum octomaculatum Curtis, 1837</p><p>Distribution. Widespread in Central and Southern Europe. In Spain, scattered records from Alicante to Pontevedra (Ricarte &amp; Marcos-García, 2017).</p><p>Examined material. Spain: 2♀ (JSA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.35/lat 38.566666)">Albacete</a>, Si- erra de Alcaraz, Batán del Puerto, 38°34’ N 2°21’ W, 1200 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis ; 1♂ (MZW), Sier- ra de <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4/lat 38.533333)">Alcaraz</a>, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°32’ N 2°24’ W, 1100 m, 21-VI-2003, M.P. van Zuijen ; 1♀ (JSA), 1♀ (MZW), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4333334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4333334/lat 38.516666)">Sierra de Alcaraz Puerto</a> de las Crucetillas, 38°31’ N 2°26’ W, 1400 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen ; 2♂, 3♀ (JSA), 1♀ (MZW), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.3833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.3833332/lat 38.533333)">Sierra de Alcaraz</a>, Puerto de las Crucetillas, 38°32’ N 2°23’ W, 1000-1200 m, 22-VI-2003, J. van Steenis &amp; M.P. van Zuijen ; 1♂, 1♀ (ASW), 2 ♂ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.504723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.46/lat 38.504723)">Riópar</a>, Sierra de Alcaraz, 38°30’17”N, 2°27’36”W, 775 m, 14-VI-2003, A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal ; 2♂ (ASW), 3♂, 2♀ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4050002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4050002/lat 38.5375)">Espineras del León</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.4050002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5375" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.4050002/lat 38.5375)">Sierra de Alcaraz</a>, close to Río de los Endrinales, 38°32’15”N, 2°24’18”W, 1380 m, 14- VI-2003, A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal ; 1♂ (CPP), Can- tabria, Potes, Las Ilces, 43˚06’41”N 4˚45’27”W, 26- VI-2017, 754 m, C.J. Palmer ; 6♂, 1♀ (ASW), 8 ♂ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.7316668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.878887" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.7316668/lat 36.878887)">Granada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.7316668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.878887" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.7316668/lat 36.878887)">Cortijo</a> los Capotes, Almijara, 36°52’44”N, 3°43’54”W, 1240-1270 m, 11-VI-2003, A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal ; 2♂ (ASW), 1 ♂ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.016389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.974724" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.016389/lat 36.974724)">Bosque del Puerto Navazo</a>, Alhama de Granada, Quercus rotundifolia -forest, 36°58’29”N, 4°00’59”W, 1180 m, 12-VI-2003, A. Ssymank &amp; D. Doczkal ; 1♀ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.3833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.4075" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.3833332/lat 36.4075)">Jaén</a>, Sierra More- na, Río Guarrizas, 36°24’27”N 3°23’00”W, 790 m, 13- VI-2003, D. Doczkal ; 3♂ (CPP), Palencia, Cervera de Pisuerga, 42˚52’24”N 4˚31›17»W, 1144 m, 23-VI-2017, CJ Palmer .</p><p>Remarks. This is a large and extensively yellow coloured species, especially in southern populations (Fig. 2C), although two smaller and rather dark specimens were collected (Fig. 2D), somewhat resembling Chrysotoxum verralli Collin, 1940 . Most of the specimens were collected while visiting flowers of Thapsia villosa . These are the first record for the province of Albacete, Canta- bria, Granada and Jaén.</p><p>Records of species of Platycheirus marokkanus from Spain</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAF7B3B109EFD8FFC04FEEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
133787D8FFAF7B3B131CFEAAFBD8FA10.text	133787D8FFAF7B3B131CFEAAFBD8FA10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer 1998	<div><p>Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998</p><p>Distribution. Morocco and Portugal (Kassebeer, 1998; van Eck, 2016). New to Spain.</p><p>Examined material. Spain: ♂ (JSA), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.35/lat 38.566666)">Albacete</a>, Sierra de Alcaraz, Batán del Puerto, 38°34’ N 2°21’ W, 1200 m, 21-VI-2003, J. van Steenis ; 1 ♂ (DDG), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.7316668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.878887" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.7316668/lat 36.878887)">Granada</a>, Almi- jara, Cortijo los Capotes, 36°52’44”N, 3°43’54”W, 1240- 1270 m, 11-VI-2003, D. Doczkal .</p><p>Remarks. This species (Fig. 6) belongs to the Platycheirus albimanus sub-group and is most similar to P. laskai Nielsen, 1999 . In P. albimanus (Fabricius, 1781), P. ciliatus Bigot, 1884 and P. muelleri Marcuzzi, 1941 the apex of the protibia and the first tarsomere of protarsus is much wider than in P. marokkanus, and in P. nigrofemoratus Kanervo, 1934 the first tarsomere of protarsus is clearly wider than the maximum width of the protibia. In P. laskai, P. marokkanus and P. nigrofemoratus the setae on the protibia are short, at most as long as medial width of protibia, while in the other species these setae are long, more than twice as long as medial width of protibia. The angle of approximation of the eyes in males is 90° in P. albimanus, P. laskai and P. nigrofemoratus; about 100° in P. marokkanus; and about 120° in P. ciliatus and P. muelleri . Two species each have one character not shared with any other species; P. laskai has only one long black seta on profemur, which is placed apically, all others have three setae placed baso-medially; P. ciliatus has the basal tuft of setae on profemur with slightly flattened apex, while in all others the apex of these setae is narrowly rounded. In P. muelleri the ventral surface of protarsus has characteristic black markings, while in P. marokkanus these markings are reduced and at most dark-brownish.</p><p>The male specimen from Albacete was collected on flowers of Thapsia villosa .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133787D8FFAF7B3B131CFEAAFBD8FA10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Steenis, Jeroen van;van Zuijen, Menno P.;Ricarte, Antonio;Marcos-García, M. Ángeles;Doczkal, Dieter;Ssymank, Axel;Mengual, Ximo	Steenis, Jeroen van, van Zuijen, Menno P., Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M. Ángeles, Doczkal, Dieter, Ssymank, Axel, Mengual, Ximo (2020): First records of Chrysotoxum volaticum Séguy, 1961 from Europe and Platycheirus marokkanus Kassebeer, 1998 from Spain (Diptera: Syrphidae) together with additional records of Spanish Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803. Bonn zoological Bulletin 69 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2020.69.1.141, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2020.69.1.141
