identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
12104E7AFF9DD32C6581FD0B3C3A3A8C.text	12104E7AFF9DD32C6581FD0B3C3A3A8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhizotrogus cicatricosus Mulsant 1842	<div><p>Rhizotrogus cicatricosus Mulsant, 1842</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Number of males is followed by number of everted endophalli, between brackets.</p> <p>Spain: • Montes Universales, Fuente del Tajo, 1700 m, 12 June 2002, leg. H. Rietz, 1♂ (1), OHC • Alicante, Font Partegat, Altana, 31 March 2011, leg. H. Rietz, 1♂ (1), OHC.</p> <p>France: • Herault, St. Gély, June 1953, leg. Schaefer, 2♂♂ (2), MSNVR; • Le Beausset, January 1903, no legit, 1♂, MSNVR; • Le Beausset, March 1901, no legit, 1♂ (1), 1♀, MSNVR; • 11, Massac, env. du Col de Cascagne, 623 m, 8 April 2017, no legit, 4♂♂ (4), 3♀♀, MUCC; • Pyrenees orientales, Martinet, 1 May 1934, leg. Tasso, Schatzmayr, Koch, 1♀, MSNVR; • St. Guilhem Le Desert, 20 March 1983, no legit, 1♂ (1), MUCC; • Lyon, [no date], ex coll. Porta, 1♂, MSNVR; • Haute Garonne, Doumerc Clermontle-Fort, 8 March 2015, leg. H. Brustel, 4♂♂ (2), MUCC; • Cognac, 20 April 1949, no legit, 2♂♂ (1), HNHM; • Nimes, 13 March 1929, leg. J. Thérond, 1♂ (1), HNHM; • “ Gallia ”, “ Friv / 3157” [no other data], 1♂, HNHM.</p> <p>Italy: • Emilia Romagna (BO), Castel d’Aiano, M. te Spe, 14 April 2013, leg. L. Colacurcio, 1♀, MUCC; • same as previous, except 04 May 2013, 1♀, MUCC; • Emilia Romagna (BO), Monzuno, 25 March 2017 leg. V. Gallerati 2♂ (1), 1♀, VGCS; • Emilia Romagna (RA), Casola Valsenio, 200 m, 04 April 2012 leg. C.A. Casadio, 1♀, VGCS; • same as previous, except 23-25 March 2016, 1♂ (1), 1♀, MUCC; • same as previous, except 25-28 March 2016, 1♀, VGCS; • same as previous, except 05 April 2016, 1♀, VGCS • same as previous, except 18-24 March 2017, 16♂♂ (1), 1♀, MUCC; • same as previous, except March 2019, 3♂♂, 3♀♀, MUCC; • same as previous, except 8-12 March 2020, 5♂♂ (1), (MUCC); • same as previous, except 18-28 March 2017, leg. V. Gallerati, 6♂, 6♀, VGCS; • same as previous, except 15- 25 March 2018, leg. V. Gallerati, 22♂ (17), VGCS; • same as previous, except 25-30 March 2018, leg. V. Gallerati, 4♂ (1), 1♀ VGCS; • Romagna (FC), Premilcuore, 7 June 1987, leg. Callegari, 1♂, MSNVE; • Romagna (FC), Corniolo, 12 April 1986, leg. Callegari, 2♂♂, MSNVE; • Toscana (AR), Camaldoli, 900 m, April 1962, leg. Callegari, 7♂♂ (2), 1♀, MSNVE; • Umbria (PG), Scheggia e Pascelupo, 07 June 2011, leg. M. Bocci, 1♀, examined on photos.</p> <p>Comments. The morphology of endophalli (Figs 15-26, 35-37) and some of the morphometric characters evaluat- ed (Figs 55-56, Tabs 1-2) evidenced moderate differences between Spanish and French populations versus Italian ones (all from Northern Apennines). In particular, in Italian populations, subapical epipleural setae resulted to be on average longer compared to the distance between them (ratio EAL/ EAD), and the endophallus appears to be on average squatter (the frontal side more convex) and with raspulae more developed (Figs 23-26, 37). This shape of endophallus was observed also in one specimen from SE France (Fig. 22). Both characters are, however, subject to a considerable variation within each population and within each set of populations.</p> <p>Other traits, such as the general morphology, size, length of subapical epipleural setae compared to the medial ones, and elongation of antennomere 1 in males did not show relevant differences between the two areas. Since no relevant nor clear-cut differences emerged between the two sets, and since their ranges are assumed to be in conti- nuity, we consider reasonable treating these populations as a single taxon, in accordance with the currently accepted taxonomy (last scrutinized by Martin-Piera &amp; Coca-Abia 1992 and Coca-Abia &amp; Martín-Piera 1998).</p> <p>The observed variability is however suggestive of parapatrically diverging evolutionary clines, whose proper assessment may be worth deeper exploration. See Discussion for further details and comparison with R. tedeschii n. sp.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12104E7AFF9DD32C6581FD0B3C3A3A8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Uliana, Marco;Gallerati, Valerio	Uliana, Marco, Gallerati, Valerio (2022): Rhizotrogus tedeschii, a new species from the alpine zone of the Pollino Massif, southern Italy (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae). Fragmenta entomologica 54 (2): 217-232, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1407, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/1407
12104E7AFF9BD32C6581FA2B3C5838AC.text	12104E7AFF9BD32C6581FA2B3C5838AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhizotrogus tedeschii Uliana & Gallerati 2022	<div><p>Rhizotrogus tedeschii Uliana &amp; Gallerati, new species</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. A species of Rhizotrogus close to R. cicatricosus, and distinct from it for the smaller size, darker integuments, antennomere 1 of male stout- er, females with 9 antennomeres due to non-disjunction of antennomeres 4-5 (rarely with 8 antennomeres due to non-disjunction of 4-6), endophallus with different shape, female terminalia with subcoxite less developed. Second- ary differential characters are to be found in the micropunctation of pronotum absent or sparser, in the epipleural setae shorter than those of the nearest known populations of R. cicatricosus, and in the smaller average number of teeth on metatibia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12104E7AFF9BD32C6581FA2B3C5838AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Uliana, Marco;Gallerati, Valerio	Uliana, Marco, Gallerati, Valerio (2022): Rhizotrogus tedeschii, a new species from the alpine zone of the Pollino Massif, southern Italy (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae). Fragmenta entomologica 54 (2): 217-232, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1407, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/1407
