identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1044BA6DFF988770FD4193A137E282FB.text	1044BA6DFF988770FD4193A137E282FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinernus robustus (Hertwig 1882)	<div><p>Actinernus robustus (Hertwig, 1882)</p><p>Fig. 2B.</p><p>Porponia robusta Hertwig, 1882:113; Carlgren,1914: 54; 1949: 21.</p><p>Actinernus robustus: Uchida, 2007: 20 (and synonymy).</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-22, 55.5100ºN 167.3240ºE – 55.5040ºN 167.3196ºE, depth 3561– 3485 m, one specimen collected (sample 8) and ten specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-5, 55.2696ºN 167.2994ºE, depth 3526 m, sample 5, one specimen collected; LV-82-6, 55.6946ºN 167.1238ºE – 55.6825ºN 167.1075ºE, depth 3906– 3393 m, four specimens collected (sample 3) and four specimens photographed .</p><p>REMARKS. Twenty specimens were photographically documented in the abyssal zone off northern and southern slopes of the Vulcanologov Massif, six of them were collected. The records of this unusual large (up to 20 cm in the diameter of the tentacular crown) anemone are very rare, in the Bering Sea it is reported for the first time. This is most northern and most deep-water (3393–3906 m) record of this species. Previously Actinernus robustus was known from Pacific coasts of Japan: originally it was described from the material collected off Japan by Challenger Expedition (3429 m, Hertwig, 1882; Carlgren, 1949) and then reported by Uchida (2007) from the same region from 1008–1200 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF988770FD4193A137E282FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF988770FF25963937F48764.text	1044BA6DFF988770FF25963937F48764.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Relicanthus daphneae (Daly 2006)	<div><p>Relicanthus cf. daphneae (Daly, 2006)</p><p>Fig. 2A.</p><p>Boloceroides daphneae Daly, 2006: 1241; Desbruyeres, Segonzac, Bright, 2006: 72.</p><p>Relicanthus daphneae: Rodríguez et al., 2014: 7; Xiao et al., 2019: 1.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-5, 55.2700ºN 167.2991ºE – 55.2738ºN 167.2974ºE, depth 3494– 3435 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-6, 55.6972ºN 167. 1262ºE, depth 3948 m, one specimen photographed .</p><p>REMARKS. Relicanthus daphneae is a large characteristically looking rose-colored sea anemone with very long tentacles tapering to thin threads (estimated to be up to 40 cm in length). One specimen was photographed attached on the stalk of a glass sponge Hyalonema, covered with a colony of zoantharian Epizoanthus fatuus (on the southern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif), another appeared sitting directly on the bottom (in the small high in Komandorsky Basin). This very interesting species was reported for the first time in the Bering Sea and the current record is most northern and most deep-water one for this species (3435–3948 m). Previous records were from 13ºN to 23ºS on the East Pacific Rise, 32ºS Pacific Antarctic Ridge on the depths 2235–2650 m (Daly, 2006; Desbruyeres et al., 2006) and from 27.25ºS South East Indian Ridge in Indian Ocean on the depth 3005 m (Gerdes et al., 2021). Taxonomic position of this species is not clear (see Rodríguez et al., 2014; Xiao et al., 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF988770FF25963937F48764	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF9E8776FEB491E9370D83B1.text	1044BA6DFF9E8776FEB491E9370D83B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Andres 1881	<div><p>Edwardsiidae spp.</p><p>Fig. 2D–F.</p><p>MATERIAL. AMK-22-2321, 55.3716°N 167. 3133°E – 55.3633°N 167.3°E, depth 1490–1554 m, dredge, 25 specimens collected .</p><p>LV-75-17, 55.4527ºN 167.2653ºE, depth 2044 m, one specimen photographed; 55.4454ºN 167. 2627ºE, depth 1851 m, one specimen photographed. LV-75-21, 55.4839ºN 167.2582ºE, depth 2878 m, one specimen photographed; 55.4770ºN 167.2518ºE – 55.4733ºN 167.2527ºE, depth 2704– 2636 m, eight specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-9, 55.3466ºN 167.2752ºE – 55.3550ºN 167.2726ºE, depth 1933– 1611 m, four specimens photographed. LV-82-12, 60.8671ºN 174.3183ºE – 60.8723ºN 174.3104ºE, depth 506– 489 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-13, 60.8298ºN 174. 3769ºE – 60.8388ºN 174.3689ºE, depth 677– 611 m, seven specimens photographed; LV-82-14, 61. 0958ºN 175.0119ºE – 61.1202ºN 174.9662ºE, depth 884– 660 m, 23 specimens photographed; LV-82- 15, 61.1430ºN 174.9285ºE – 61.1779ºN 174.8708ºE, depth 517– 417 m, 68 specimens photographed; LV-82-16, 61.1787ºN 174.8704ºE – 61.1899ºN 174. 8345ºE, depth 415– 356 m, about 1160 specimens photographed; LV-82-17, 61.1806ºN 174. 8508ºE – 61.1801ºN 174.8493ºE, depth 402– 400 m, 25 specimens photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1198ºN 174. 9638ºE – 61.1197ºN 174.9652ºE, depth 652–663 m, eight specimens photographed; LV-82-19, 61. 1539ºN 175.4492ºE – 61.1538ºN 175.4493ºE, depth 693 m, 16 specimens photographed; LV-82-20, 61. 1713ºN 174.8810ºE – 61.1727ºN 174.8781ºE, depth 430– 427 m, 23 specimens photographed; LV-82- 21, 60.8305ºN 174.3770ºE – 60.8343ºN 174. 3720ºE, depth 672– 660 m, five specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. At least five other species of Edwardsiidae may be recognized in the photo and video files taken by ROV Comanche 18.</p><p>Four of them were photographed but not collected on the Vulcanologov Massif. All four species are present on the northern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif and one of them is recorded also on the southern slope of the Piip Volcano. The latter species, photographed at 1611–1933 m, lives in mud, has pale-rose coloration, small oral disc and rather long not numerous (about 10) tentacles. Remaining three species were recorded deeper than 2000 m: two of them live in mud, both are white, one has up to 16 short tentacles, another about 30 long tentacles (Fig. 2D), and one species inhabits shallow crevices on the stones (Fig. 2E). The latter species has cylindrical column, scapus covered by periderm, short white scapulus and about 26 thin white tentacles.</p><p>Another species of Edwardsiidae was recorded on the Koryak slope at 356–884 m (Fig. 2F). The specimens are numerous (more than 1330 specimens seen on the photographs but not collected), live on muddy bottom. This species has about 16 thin long tentacles, tentacular crown up to 4 cm in diameter. Oral disc has eight dark spots arranged in a circle. The body is up to 5 mm in diameter, scapulus transparent with white strokes in upper part and dark-red rim. This species recorded in the background community around cold seep fields which included the sea pen Halipteris cf. willemoesi (Kölliker, 1880) with the commensal ophiuroid Asteronyx and the echinoid Brisaster latifrons (Agassiz, 1898), and also in proximity of bacterial mats at cold seeps (Krylova et al., 2018), but not recorded directly on the seeps and bacterial mats. However, most dense populations of these Edwardsiidae, up to 100 specimens per m 2, was recorded during the dive 16 (station LV-82-16) at 356–415 m in the settlement of dominated here sea anemone Sagartiogeton californicus, where cold seeps have not been found.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF9E8776FEB491E9370D83B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF9D8775FEAA946E30C283A3.text	1044BA6DFF9D8775FEAA946E30C283A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cribrinopsis undefined-1	<div><p>Cribrinopsis sp. 1</p><p>Fig. 2H.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-7, 55.3689ºN 167.2659ºE – 55.3732ºN 167.2656ºE, depth 984– 815 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and four specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.3765ºN 167.2639ºE, depth 670 m, one specimen photographed. LV-82-11, 60. 8544ºN 174.3484ºE, depth 553 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-13, 60.8322ºN 174.3754ºE – 60.8336ºN 174.3734ºE, depth 677– 609 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61.1399ºN 174. 9333ºE – 61.1523ºN 174.9126ºE, depth 535– 489 m, one specimen collected (sample 6) and five specimens photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1193ºN 174. 9692ºE – 61.1195ºN 174.9650ºE, depth 677– 658 m, one specimen collected (sample 3) and three specimens photographed; LV-82-21, 60.8305ºN 174. 3770ºE – 60.8343ºN 174.3720ºE, depth 672– 660 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. 20 specimens are photographically documented (six of them on the Piip Volcano and 14 on the Koryak slope) at depths of 489–984 m, three of which were collected. All specimens were solitary, at a large distance from each other, not in groups. Most specimens are decamerous, with up to 80 tentacles arranged in four cycles (10+10+ 20+40=80). Only one specimen was octomerous with the tentacles distributed as 8+8+16(?)+ 32(?)=64(?) (only 58 of which are visible in the photo; possibly this is young specimen which yet not acquired decamerous arrangement, see Sanamyan et al., 2019 for discussion of the details of acquiring a decamerous arrangement). All specimens have a plain bright-rose color. The upper part of the column projects above the surface of the soft bottom, the margin with the spherules bent in the horizontal direction, the number of marginal spherules (one in each endo- and exocoel) corresponds to the number of tentacles. The actinopharynx is bright rose-red. Thin red lines mark insertions of the mesenteries on the oral disc, sometimes thin white radial lines are visible near the bases of the tentacles. The tentacles are long (inner ones as long as the diameter of the oral disc), sharply pointed, with moiré. The diameter of the expanded tentacular crown is up to 20 cm, the diameter of the column is up to 10 cm. Many red shrimps are present around. The species was found on the southern slope of the Piip Volcano at depths of 670–984 m, and on the Koryak slope at depths of 489– 677 m. The species was also present near bacterial spots and near the cold seeps with the symbiotrophic bivalve Calyptogena pacifica Dall, 1891 (see Krylova et al., 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF9D8775FEAA946E30C283A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF9D8775FF4A962132FE83D1.text	1044BA6DFF9D8775FF4A962132FE83D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychodactis patula Appellof 1893	<div><p>Ptychodactis patula Appellöf, 1893</p><p>Ptychodactis patula Appellöf,1893:4;Carlgren,1911: 12; 1921: 11; 1934: 348; 1940: 19; 1049: 11; Stephenson, 1922: 249; Cappola, Fautin, 2000: 995; Grebelny, 2007: 59.</p><p>MATERIAL. PL-99-6, 58.443ºN 162.823ºE – 58.468ºN 162.838ºE, depth 58– 55 m, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. This arctic-boreal species is known from the depths 47–350 m (Carlgren, 1949; Grebelny, 2007). In the Bering Sea it was reported only in most northern part, in the Bering Strait (Grebelny, 2007). For western part of the Bering Sea it is reported for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF9D8775FF4A962132FE83D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF9C8774FF00904B310D8232.text	1044BA6DFF9C8774FF00904B310D8232.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Urticina timuri Sanamyan et Sanamyan 2020	<div><p>Urticina timuri Sanamyan et Sanamyan, 2020</p><p>Urticina timuri Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 2020: 74 .</p><p>Urticina crassicornis: Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 2006: 379; 2009: 169; 2010: 220.</p><p>Urticina felina crassicornis: Carlgren, 1921: 172, for Bering Island only.</p><p>Not Actinia crassicornis O.F. Müller, 1776: 231 .</p><p>MATERIAL. PL-99-15, 59.223°N 163.530°E – 59.240°N 163.530°E, depth 27 m, sample 2, one specimen collected .</p><p>REMARKS. This species has absolutely smooth column. Carlgren (1921: 172) reported it (as Urticina felina crassicornis) from the Bering Sea near the Bering Island from the depths 118–136 m and this is most deep-water record for this species. Thus in vicinity of Bering Island this species occurs from intertidal zone to at least 136 m. The species was recorded for the first time for Karaginsky Gulf.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF9C8774FF00904B310D8232	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF9C877BFD5896B333B08341.text	1044BA6DFF9C877BFD5896B333B08341.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liponema brevicorne (McMurrich 1893)	<div><p>Liponema brevicorne (McMurrich, 1893)</p><p>Fig. 2 J.</p><p>Bolocera brevicornis McMurrich, 1893: 158; 1898: 231; 1904: 257; Verrill, 1922:117.</p><p>Bolocera multicornis: Carlgren, 1921: 144 (only specimens from Bering Island).</p><p>Liponema multicornis: Carlgren, 1932: 260; 1933: 11 (only specimens from Bering Island).</p><p>Liponema brevicornis: Carlgren, 1949: 55; Dunn, Bakus, 1977: 78.</p><p>Liponema brevicorne: Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012: 40.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-2, 55.4172ºN 167.2768ºE – 55.4174ºN 167.2767ºE, depth 373–375 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75-21, 55.4875ºN 167. 2600ºE – 55.4839ºN 167.2582ºE, depth 2810– 2757 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>LV-82-9, 55.3520°N 167.2740ºE – 55.3540°N 167.2730ºE, depth 1755– 1698 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-11, 60.8224ºN 174.4023ºE – 60.8544ºN 174.3484ºE, depth 715– 553 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-12, 60.8550ºN 174. 3487ºE – 60.8901ºN 174.2908ºE, depth 551– 431 m, eleven specimens photographed; LV-82-14, 61. 0991ºN 175.0057ºE – 61.1201ºN 174.9661ºE, depth 847– 663 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82- 15, 61.1369ºN 174.9397ºE – 61.1733ºN 174.8775ºE, depth 547– 427 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-19, 61.1538ºN 175.4497ºE – 61.1579ºN 175. 4070ºE, depth 694– 685 m, three specimens collected (sample 6) and eight specimens photographed; LV-82-21, 60.8341ºN 174.3724ºE – 60.8332ºN 174. 3740ºE, depth 660 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. 37 specimens of this species were photographically documented during two expeditions at the depths 373–2810 m, three of them were collected.</p><p>This is a large species which usually lies unattached on soft bottom but sometimes occurs on stony bottom. The living specimens are up to 15 cm in diameter, dome-shaped, column hidden below the oral disc covered by tentacles. For movement, it can take a cylindrical shape and roll on the sea bottom (Dunn, Bakus, 1977, fig. 8). The color varies from white or pale-rose to bright-rose or purple. In the process of collecting and fixation, the tentacles fall off due to the contraction of the sphincter muscle located at the base of each tentacle, and most preserved specimens are devoid of the tentacles (partially or completely).</p><p>The present species strongly resembles Liponema multicorne (Verrill, 1880), known from North Atlantic, but currently Pacific L. brevicorne and Atlantic L. multicorne are treated as valid. Thus, the specimens from the Bering Island (135 m), identified by Carlgren (1921) as Bolocera multicornis Verrill, 1880, are treated here as L. brevicorne . Third species, Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882, is known from South Pacific.</p><p>In the western part of the Bering Sea this species was not previously reported, although it is known off the American and Asian coasts of the North Pacific from depths of 102–4134 m (Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF9C877BFD5896B333B08341	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF93877BFF3897DD30FB82D5.text	1044BA6DFF93877BFF3897DD30FB82D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicyonis denisovi N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova 2021	<div><p>Sicyonis denisovi N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova, 2021</p><p>Fig. 2K.</p><p>Sicyonis denisovi Sanamyan et al., 2021: 391 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-1, 55.4246ºN 167.2903ºE, depth 1061 m, sample 1, one specimen collected; LV-75-9, 55.4286ºN 167.2775ºE – 55.4225ºN 167. 2760ºE, depth 1000– 720 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and three specimens photographed; LV-75-17, 55.4661ºN 167.2761ºE – 55.4447ºN 167. 2626ºE, depth 2488– 1835 m, six specimens photographed; LV-75-18, 55.4292ºN 167.2697ºE – 55. 4290ºN 167.2706ºE,depth 1040– 1030 m, three specimens photographed; LV-75-21, 55.4818ºN 167. 2573ºE – 55.4633ºN 167.2547ºE, depth 2841– 2294 m, four specimens photographed .</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171ºN, 167.2773ºE, 386 m, sample 1, one specimen collected; LV-82-7, 55.3689ºN 167.2659ºE – 55.3740ºN 167.2653ºE, depth 1010– 785 m, two specimens collected (sample 1) and twelve specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55. 3750ºN 167.2643ºE – 55.3795ºN 167.2620ºE, depth 755– 539 m, four specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. 37 specimens of this species were photographically documented during two expeditions in 2016 and 2018 at the depths 386–2841 m on the top of the Piip Volcano and its southern slope, five of them were collected. This large (up to 20– 25 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown) sea anemone lives on the stones. The color is usually plain, from orange to yellow-brown or reddish-brown, the oral disc may be brighter or darker than the column. The tentacles are numerous, up to 200 or more, arranged up to five cycles. This species does not form large settlements, and specimens often occur solitarily on large distance one from another, but on these depths S. denisovi appears to be the most common species of large sea anemones in the southwestern part of the Bering Sea. It was recorded on the stones surrounded by bacterial mats in the vicinity of cold seeps and also in communities of glass sponge Farrea spp. at the depths 1750– 720 m (see Rybakova et al., 2020). In the original description (Sanamyan et al., 2021) depth range is given only for collected specimens (386–1061 m). Here we report deeper records of this species (1835–2841 m) on the basis of underwater photographs on which this species may be recognized.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF93877BFF3897DD30FB82D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF93877AFD71969132C48751.text	1044BA6DFF93877AFD71969132C48751.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sicyonis kuznetsovi N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova 2021	<div><p>Sicyonis kuznetsovi N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova, 2021</p><p>Fig. 2 L.</p><p>Sicyonis kuznetsovi Sanamyan et al., 2021: 400 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-17, 55.4553ºN 167. 2668ºE – 55.4498ºN 167.2651ºE, depth 2131– 1976 m, one specimen collected (sample 4) and one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. This large (about 18–20 cm in diameter of expanded tentacular crown) sea anemone resembles Sicyonis denisovi but may be distinguished by plain light rose-beige color and by presence of only about 80 tentacles arranged in three or four cycles in specimens of similar size (in S. denisovi they are two times more numerous). Only two specimens were photographically documented (one of which was collected) on the northern slope of the Piip Volcano at depths of about 1976–2131 m on large stones lying on the soft bottom in a community dominated by the enteropneust Torquaratoridae and the benthic jellyfish of the family Rhopalonematidae (see Rybakova et al., 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF93877AFD71969132C48751	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF928778FD26928932C7852A.text	1044BA6DFF928778FD26928932C7852A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola faeculenta (McMurrich 1893)	<div><p>Actinostola faeculenta (McMurrich, 1893)</p><p>Fig. 3C.</p><p>Cymbactis faeculenta McMurrich, 1893: 174; Carlgren, 1934: 6.</p><p>Paractinostola faeculenta: Carlgren, 1949: 79.</p><p>Actinostola faeculenta: Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012: 22.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-11, 60.8544°N 174. 3484°E – 60.8543°N 174.3490°E, depth 553– 551 m, sample 1, one specimen collected; LV-82-12, 60. 8566ºN 174.3449ºE – 60.8764ºN 174.3054ºE, depth 545– 475 m, six specimens photographed; LV-82- 14, 61.1027°N 174.9998°E – 61.1202°N 174. 9642°E, depth 811– 656 m, three specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61.1395°N 174.9359°E – 61. 1778°N 174.8708°E, depth 538– 418 m, two specimens collected (samples 2 and 12) and seven specimens photographed; LV-82-16, 61.1787°N 174. 8704°E – 61.1899°N 174.8345°E, depth 415– 356 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1198°N 174.9638°E, depth 652 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-20, 61.1724°N 174.8794°E, depth 428 m, sample 5, one specimen collected; LV-82- 21, 60.8305°N 174.3770°E – 60.8343°N 174. 3720°E, depth 672– 660 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>PL-99-39, 59.932°N 167.083°E – 59.928°N 167. 115°E, depth 128 m, samples 7, 8, 10, 13 and 14, five specimens collected; PL-99-95, 60.800°N 173. 252°E – 60.798°N 173.283°E, depth 347– 344 m, sample 20, one specimen collected.</p><p>PK-37-10, 59.355°N 166.484°E – 59.354°N 166.457°E, depth 457– 442 m, sample 7, one specimen collected; PK-37-46, 61.240°N 176.218°E – 61.227°N 176.211°E, depth 932–950 m, sample 17, one specimen collected; PK-37-55, 61.404°N 176. 353°E – 61.397°N 176.328°E, depth 440– 430 m, sample 22, many small specimens collected.</p><p>VM-78, 61.8483ºN 177.1166ºE – 61.8533ºN 177.1716ºE, depth 250–253 m, sample 4, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. Large, easily recognizable in underwater photographs sea anemone with high palecolored column and dark-red or orange oral disc with very numerous (up to 300 and more) relatively short (1.5–3.5 cm) tentacles. The tentacles have white thickenings at the base on the aboral side. The height of well expanded specimens is up to 15 cm, the diameter of the column is 7–8 cm in the middle and 9–10 cm at the base, the oral disc is two times larger, up to 14 cm; the tentacular crown up to 20 cm in diameter. The column is covered by small tubercles, which become larger toward the margin. Among 26 specimens photographed by ROV in situ, 11 had paler coloration with orange oral disc and column with orange tint more saturated at the base (one specimen collected) while the other specimens had dark-red oral disc and pale, not colored column (three specimens collected). Both forms occur together in the same stations. Molecular analysis of collected specimens showed differences between paler and darker specimens and high similarity between darker specimens. The species was recorded on 128–950 m on the entire continental slope from Cape Govena to Cape Navarin and is the dominant sea anemone species in trawl collections in this region. It also occurs in the periphery of cold seeps discovered on the Koryak slope. It has not been recorded on the Vulcanologov Massif. Carlgren (1949: 79) under the question assigned this species to the genus Paractinostola Carlgren, 1928, which he distinguished from Actinostola Verrill, 1883 by the fact that the mesenteries at the base in Paractinostola are fewer than those at the margin. Riemann-Zürneck (1978) considered this difference to be insufficient for separation of genera, and the present species is currently assigned to Actinostola (see Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF928778FD26928932C7852A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF92877AFF439122329980B8.text	1044BA6DFF92877AFF439122329980B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiodiscus bukini N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova 2021	<div><p>Ophiodiscus bukini N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova, 2021</p><p>Fig. 3B.</p><p>Ophiodiscus bukini Sanamyan et al., 2021: 427 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-21, 55.4796ºN 167. 2534ºE – 55.4751ºN 167.2523ºE, depth 2810– 2673 m, one specimen collected (sample 9) and three specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Large disc-shaped sea anemone freely lying on the bottom. The short column is completely hidden under the oral disc, about 20 cm in diameter. Short, conical, with pointed tips tentacles are all of the same shape and arranged in a single cycle on the margin of the disc, that makes this anemone unusually looking and easily recognizable in underwater photographs. Its shape somewhat resembles Sicyonis heliodiscus Sanamyan et al., 2015, another disc-shaped species recently described from material collected by Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (USA) in the eastern Pacific Ocean (Sanamyan et al., 2015a). Sicyonis heliodiscus, however, has much more numerous tentacles and they are blunt and arranged in two cycles. Four specimens Ophiodiscus bukini were photographically documented on the soft bottom and also on the rock covered by sediment on the northern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif at 2673–2810 m. This depth rang between the bathyal and abyssal zones is stated to be the depth of the largest community changes, or the largest turnover of dominant species in this region (see Rybakova et al., 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF92877AFF439122329980B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF908778FEA0912B313680AF.text	1044BA6DFF908778FEA0912B313680AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola undefined-1	<div><p>Actinostola sp.1</p><p>Fig. 3D.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-2, 55.4165ºN 167.2749ºE – 55.4169ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 409– 372 m, three specimens photographed; LV-75-3, 55.4168ºN 167.2730ºE – 55.4158ºN 167.2739ºE, depth 407– 353 m, ten specimens photographed; LV-75-4, 55. 4164ºN 167.2764ºE, depth 400 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75-8, 55.4168ºN 167.2750ºE, depth 389 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75- 9, 55.4173ºN 167.2761ºE – 55.4160ºN 167.2743ºE, depth 377– 350 m, five specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171ºN 167.2773ºE – 55.4160ºN 167. 2744ºE, 386– 373 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and ten specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. More than 30 specimens were photographically documented during two expeditions in 2016 and 2018, several more were recorded on video, one of them was collected. This is large (up to 20 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown) sea anemone with wide undulating oral disc and very numerous, up to 500 or more, soft tentacles without mesogloeal thickenings at the base. The tentacles are not longer than the radius of the oral disc; they are distributed on the outer half of the oral disc in 6–7 cycles. The color is usually plain, red to white, often orange, from bright to dull. The limbus is paler than the column. Actinopharynx is red. The species was recorded on the 350–409 m on the northern top of the Piip Volcano and is the most common species among large sea anemones here. This species was not recorded in areas of hydrothermal activity.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF908778FEA0912B313680AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF908778FCD192CC30C78544.text	1044BA6DFF908778FCD192CC30C78544.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola undefined-2	<div><p>Actinostola sp.2</p><p>Fig. 3E.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-7, 55.3688ºN 167.2662ºE – 55.3713ºN 167.2664ºE, depth 981– 885 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and two specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.3814ºN 167.2617ºE, depth 469 m, one specimen photographed .</p><p>REMARKS. Large (up to 20 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown) orange sea anemone with wide undulating oral disc and numerous tentacles (up to 360 are visible in the photographs, but probably they are more numerous). The tentacles have strong white mesogloeal thickenings on the aboral side of their bases. Large tubercles may form longitudinal ridges in the upper part of the column. This species resembles above described Actinostola sp.1 (forms a clade with it in molecular tree), and Actinostola faeculenta; the common feature of these three species is greater number of tentacles (more than 300) in comparison with other similar species of Actinostola . The records of this species are limited to the southern slope of the Piip Volcano, four specimens were recorded in 2018 on the depths 469–981 m, and one of them was collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF908778FCD192CC30C78544	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF908778FCD1910137348028.text	1044BA6DFF908778FCD1910137348028.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola undefined-3	<div><p>Actinostola sp.3</p><p>Fig. 3F.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-9, 55.4178ºN 167.2763ºE, depth 433 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>LV-82-13, 60.8336ºN 174.3734ºE, depth 659 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-14, 61.1196ºN 174.9649ºE, depth 660 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1190ºN 174.9691ºE – 61. 1195ºN 174.9650ºE, depth 677– 658 m, three specimens collected (sample 3) and one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. This is large species of Actinostola, up to 18 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown in live. The column is rose-orange with transverse wrinkles, without tubercles near the margin. The tentacles and the oral disc yellowish-orange, aboral mesogloeal thickening at the base of the tentacles are bright yellow, well developed. The tentacles occupy at least half of the radius of the oral disc, up to 150– 200 in number, shorter than the radius of the oral disc. Eight specimens were recorded on the northern slope of the Piip Volcano and on the Koryak slope in the Western Bering Sea at depths of 433–677 m, three of them collected. Some specimens have been found near the cold seeps, bacterial mats and settlements of bivalves of the genus Calyptogena .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF908778FCD1910137348028	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF90877FFCD19425313787F3.text	1044BA6DFF90877FFCD19425313787F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola undefined-4	<div><p>Actinostola sp.4</p><p>Fig. 3G.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-18, 61.1195ºN 174. 9650ºE – 61.1194ºN 174.9653ºE, depth 658–662 m, sample 3, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. This orange species of Actinostola closely resembles Actinostola sp.3 described above, and they can occur together (collected at the same station) on the Koryak slope in the Western Bering Sea. It differs by whitish (rather than yellowish) mesogloeal thickening on the tentacles, and collected specimen has different texture of the column (slippery to the touch), clearly different from that of Actinostola sp.3 . One specimen was collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF90877FFCD19425313787F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF97877FFEA0907431388595.text	1044BA6DFF97877FFEA0907431388595.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostola undefined-5	<div><p>Actinostola sp.5</p><p>Fig. 3H.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-18, 61.1195ºN 174. 9650ºE – 61.1194ºN 174.9653ºE, depth 658–662 m, sample 3, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. One specimen was collected on the Koryak slope in vicinity of cold seep on the field with Calyptogena pacifica and its periphery. This is a very distinctive species with beige-rose column and yellow tentacles without aboral thickenings arranged in up to six cycles. It differs from other species Actinostola by its soft consistency and the presence of sparse sand grains attached to the column.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF97877FFEA0907431388595	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF97877FFD579104376282BC.text	1044BA6DFF97877FFD579104376282BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stomphia coccinea (O. F. Muller 1776)	<div><p>Stomphia coccinea (O.F. Müller, 1776)</p><p>Actinia coccinea O.F. Müller, 1776: 231 .</p><p>Stomphia coccinea: Carlgren, 1921: 234; Stephenson, 1935: 381 (and synonymy); Manuel, 1988: 120; Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 1998: 4; 2009: 160; 2010: 214.</p><p>MATERIAL. PL-99-121, 61.25°N 174.662°E – 61.25°N 174.687°E, depth 89–90 m, sample 22, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. This species widely distributed in the northern waters at the depths 6–400 m (Manuel, 1988; Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 2009).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF97877FFD579104376282BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF96877EFCDB92CC319684E1.text	1044BA6DFF96877EFCDB92CC319684E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinostolidae Carlgren 1893	<div><p>Actinostolidae sp.</p><p>MATERIAL. PL-99-8, 58.720°N 162.803ºE – 58.700°N 162.805ºE, depth 25–27 m, one specimen collected; PL-99-37, 59.820°N 166.598ºE – 59. 828°N 166.963ºE, depth 114–116 m, sample 5, one specimen collected; PL-99-50, 60.098°N 168. 227ºE – 60.102°N 168.252ºE, depth 192–197 m, sample 14, one specimen collected; PL-99-91, 60. 770°N 172.452ºE – 60.772°N 172.488ºE, depth 92 m, sample 17, one specimen collected.</p><p>VM-177, 59.8783ºN 167.6800ºE – 59.8916ºN 167.7233ºE, depth 190–192 m, samples 20, 21 and 23, three specimens collected.</p><p>REMARKS. Members of the family Actinostolidae which has not been identified to the genus level with a cylindrical body and a constriction just below the tentacles. The specimens were recorded on 25– 197 m on the whole shelf in the western part of the Bering Sea from the Cape Ozernoy to the Cape Navarin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF96877EFCDB92CC319684E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF96877DFD57913E31E885CB.text	1044BA6DFF96877DFD57913E31E885CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tealidium konoplinorum N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova 2021	<div><p>Tealidium konoplinorum N. Sanamyan, K. Sanamyan, Galkin, Ivin et Bocharova, 2021</p><p>Fig. 3 J.</p><p>Tealidium konoplinorum Sanamyan et al., 2021: 433 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-18, 55.4334°N 167. 2678ºE – 55.4292°N 167.2697ºE, depth 1333– 1040 m, four specimens photographed; LV-75-22, 55.5087°N 167.3236ºE – 55.5040°N 167.3196ºE, depth 3545– 3493 m, one specimen photographed .</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4163°N 167.2765ºE – 55.4158°N 167.2741ºE, depth 382– 374 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-5, 55.2700°N 167.2991ºE – 55. 2738°N 167.2974ºE, depth 3494– 3435 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-6, 55.6826ºN 167. 1075ºE – 55.6825ºN 167.1075ºE, depth 3397– 3393 m, sample 3, one specimen collected; LV-82- 7, 55.3689°N 167.2659ºE – 55.3739°N 167.2651ºE, depth 984– 789 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-9, 55.3451°N 167.2750ºE – 55.34875°N 167. 2741ºE, depth 1957– 1878 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and four specimens photographed. LV-82-12, 60.8564°N 174.3436ºE, depth 544 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-13, 60.8322°N 174.3754ºE – 60.8336°N 174.3734ºE, depth 665– 659 m, two specimens collected (sample 4) and seven specimens photographed; LV-82-14, 61. 1192°N 174.9666ºE – 61.1196°N 174.9649ºE, depth 672– 660 m, seven specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61.1594°N 174.9014ºE, depth 469 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1198°N 174. 9638ºE – 61.1194°N 174.9653ºE, depth 652–662 m, two specimens collected (sample 3) and eleven specimens photographed; LV-82-21, 60.8343°N 174. 3720ºE – 60.8343°N 174.3726ºE, depth 660 m, two specimens collected (sample 2) and four specimens photographed.</p><p>PK-37-57, 61.457°N 176.348ºE – 61.450°N 176. 321ºE, depth 280–282 m, sample 24, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. Photographically documented 94 specimens, 9 of them were collected. Color varies from bright rose-orange with a white limbus to pale rose and to almost white. About 100 tentacles are arranged in at least five cycles. The diameter of the tentacular crown up to 15 cm. Column has prominent papillae arranged into longitudinal rows. In most deep-water specimens, the papillae are especially prominent — only three such specimens were photographed on the Vulcanologov Massif at depths of 3393–3545 m, one of which was collected. They have pale coloration. Other specimens on the Vulcanologov Massif were recorded on the northern top of the Piip Volcano at 374–382 m and on the northern and southern slopes of the Piip Volcano at 789– 1957 m. On the Vulcanologov Massif this species is rather rare, only 18 specimens were recorded, two of which collected. On the Koryak slope, this species occurs in background communities, but becomes more numerous in the area of methane seep fields, where it lives on pebble outcrops, near bacterial spots and mats, and settlements of bivalve mollusks Calyptogena . Here it was recorded at 280– 672 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF96877DFD57913E31E885CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF95877DFCDB903E37E2835C.text	1044BA6DFF95877DFCDB903E37E2835C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Halcampidae Andres 1883	<div><p>Halcampidae spp.</p><p>Fig. 4A, B.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-22, 55.5123°N 167.3258ºE – 55.5040°N 167.3196ºE, depth 3583– 3493 m, three specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-6, 55.6972°N 167.1276ºE – 55.6966°N 167.1260ºE, depth 3949– 3948 m, five specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Two similar species of hexamerous sea anemones (about 4 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown) were photographed but not collected at the depth of about 3.5–4 km on the northern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif in 2016 (three specimens) and on the small hill west of the Komandor Graben in the Komandorsky Basin in 2018 (five specimens). In both species, the scapus is covered by a cuticle and buried in the bottom, only the upper part of the scapus and also the scapulus and oral disc with the tentacles are visible. The tentacles are arranged in three cycles: 6+6+12=24. However, in the species recorded on the northern slope, the oral disc has smaller diameter than the column, the scapulus is rather long, its length is about the same as the diameter of the column, and it has high pinkish oral cone (Fig. 4A). In species from the Komandorsky Basin, the oral disc is wider than the column, the scapulus is short, about 1/5 of the diameter of the column, and short uncolored oral cone (Fig. 4B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF95877DFCDB903E37E2835C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8B8763FF23964F375A871A.text	1044BA6DFF8B8763FF23964F375A871A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinauge verrillii McMurrich 1893	<div><p>Actinauge cf. verrillii McMurrich, 1893</p><p>Actinauge verrillii McMurrich, 1893: 184; Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012: 34.</p><p>MATERIAL. PK-37-55, 61.404°N 176.353ºE – 61.397°N 176.328ºE, depth 440– 430 m, sample 23, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. One specimen was collected on the Koryak slope at 430– 440 m. Species of Actinauge have cylindrical column covered by tubercles and resemble the species of the genus Hormathia, but members of Actinauge occur more often on soft bottom, while Hormathia prefers hard substratum. Aboral thickenings on the tentacles are present in Actinauge but not in Hormathia . Actinauge verrillii was originally described from the eastern Pacific: Galapagos Islands, the coasts of Chile and California (McMurrich 1893); later it was recorded from the Southwest Pacific (Dunn 1983) and the Northeast Pacific to the Gulf of Alaska at depths 119–4250 m (Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012). Our record extends known range of distribution of this species to Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea and is most northern record of this species. However, very wide geographic and bathymetric distribution sometimes may suggest that not all records were identified correctly and more than one species are involved.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8B8763FF23964F375A871A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8B8763FC94935E30498291.text	1044BA6DFF8B8763FC94935E30498291.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracalliactis involvens (McMurrich 1893)	<div><p>Paracalliactis cf. involvens</p><p>(McMurrich, 1893)</p><p>Fig. 4F.</p><p>Adamsia involvens McMurrich, 1893: 182 .</p><p>Paracalliactis involvens: Carlgren, 1947: 15; 1949: 95.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-10, 55.2902°N 167. 3009ºE – 55.2898°N 167.2974ºE, depth 2755– 2638 m, one specimen collected (sample 3) and seven specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. This species is an obligate symbiont that lives on the shell of gastropods inhabited by hermit crabs. It can reach 10 cm in length in extended state. Its pedal disc covers the whole shell and capable to form carcinoecium. The column and the margin are smooth, the scapus is covered with a thin cuticle, sometimes with a layer of mud. The scapulus, the limbus and the tentacles are rose-orange. Underwater photos and videos on the southern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif recorded 10 specimens, one of which was collected.</p><p>Daly et al. (2004) synonymized Pacific P. involvens and North Atlantic P. consors (Verrill, 1882) . However, P. consors has coronal tubercles covered by cuticle (Molodtsova et al., 2008), similar to those reported for syntypes of P. consors, which are probably characteristic for the Atlantic species.The known specimens from the Pacific Ocean have no such tubercles. Thus, at present, we prefer to separate the Atlantic and Pacific species and consider them as two species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8B8763FC94935E30498291	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8A8762FE829471376A87EA.text	1044BA6DFF8A8762FE829471376A87EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hormathiidae Carlgren 1932	<div><p>aff. Hormathiidae sp.1</p><p>Fig. 4 J.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-18, 55.4343°N 167. 2673ºE, depth 1389 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75-21, 55.4818°N 167.2573ºE – 55.4772°N 167.2514ºE, depth 2841– 2732 m, four specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Five specimens of the small species were photographically documented on the sides of large stones on the northern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif at 1389–2841 m (not collected). The specimens have low column, wider at the base (up to 4 cm in diameter), covered by cuticle. Oral disc and tentacles are pale-rose. The oral disc is wide (up to 3 cm in diameter), with oral cone at its center. The tentacles are thin, its length is up to the diameter of the oral disc, without mesogloeal thickenings, up to 50 may be counted in photographs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8A8762FE829471376A87EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8A8762FCB3906E301E85DA.text	1044BA6DFF8A8762FCB3906E301E85DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hormathiidae Carlgren 1932	<div><p>aff. Hormathiidae sp.2</p><p>Fig. 4K.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-18, 55.4336°N 167. 2673ºE, depth 1349 m, one specimen photographed .</p><p>REMARKS. White sea anemone was photographed on the northern slope of the Piip Volcano at the depth of 1349 m in 2016 in community of glass sponge Farrea spp. (see Rybakova et al., 2020). The tentacles are hexamerously arranged in six cycles: 6+6+12+24+48+96= up to 192 (120 tentacles are visible in the photograph). The length of the inner tentacles can be as large as the diameter of the oral disc. Brownish radial dashed lines from the base of the tentacles to the mouth extend on the oral disc above the endocoels.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8A8762FCB3906E301E85DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8A8761FD2E9655324E8304.text	1044BA6DFF8A8761FD2E9655324E8304.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sagartiogeton californicus (Carlgren 1940)	<div><p>Sagartiogeton californicus (Carlgren, 1940)</p><p>Fig. 4L.</p><p>Sagartiogeton californicus: Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012: 43; Sanamyan et al., 2023: 3.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-3, 55.4158°N 167.2738ºE, depth 355 m, three specimens photographed; LV-75-15, 55.3821°N 167.2614ºE, depth 452 m, two specimens photographed; LV-75-19, 55.382°N 167.2608ºE, depth 453 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171°N 167.2773ºE – 55.4160°N 167.2744ºE, depth 386– 373 m, several specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.382°N 167.2608ºE, depth 458 m, one specimen photographed. LV-82- 11, 60.8528°N 174.3516ºE, depth 534 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-12, 60.8549°N 174. 3485ºE – 60.8901°N 174.2908ºE, depth 550– 432 m, three specimens collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-14, 61.1188°N 174.9679ºE – 61.1351°N 174.9419ºE, depth 684– 554 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61.1396°N 174.9352ºE – 61.1779°N 174.8708ºE, depth 537– 417 m, several specimens collected (samples 3, 5, 10, 11, 12 and 13) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-16, 61.1787°N 174.8704ºE – 61.1899°N 174.8345ºE, depth 416– 356 m, two specimens collected (sample 2) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-17, 61.1806°N 174.8508ºE – 61.1801°N 174.8493ºE, depth 402– 401 m, two specimens collected (samples 4 and 6) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-19, 61.1538°N 175. 4492ºE – 61.1539°N 175.4492ºE, depth 692–693 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and several specimens photographed; LV-82-20, 61.1713°N 174. 8810ºE – 61.1724°N 174.8794ºE, depth 430– 428 m, one specimen collected (sample 4) and many specimens photographed.</p><p>PL-99-123, 61.215°N 174.888ºE – 61.202°N 174.865ºE, depth 355– 354 m, samples 24 and 25, two specimens collected.</p><p>PK-37-34, 61.088°N 174.574ºE – 61.101°N 174.586ºE, depth 531– 530 m, sample 15, one specimen collected; PK-37-36, 61.113°N 174.507ºE – 61.124°N 174.527ºE, depth 380– 365 m, sample 16, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. The species was photographically recorded, but not collected in 2016 on the southern top of the Piip Volcano, just near the hydrothermally active site at 453 m. Several similar specimens were documented on the southern and northern tops of the Piip Volcano at 355– 458 m. Many specimens were recorded and some collected on the Koryak slope (at 354–693 m), especially in methane seeps sites, where they were numerous and occurred on any available firm substrate on muddy bottom: on pebbles, dead shells and on the shells of live gastropods or of bivalve mollusks Calyptogena and other objects. The specimens are not large (up to 8 cm in the height and the diameter of the tentacular crown), with a light column and dark reddish-brown tentacles. The tentacles are numerous, about 200. In the shallow-water methane seeps on the Koryak slope, they dominate in the communities at depths of 400– 402 m (see Galkin et al., 2019) and occur directly on bacterial mats.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8A8761FD2E9655324E8304	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF898761FD799047307980AD.text	1044BA6DFF898761FD799047307980AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metridium farcimen (Brandt 1835)	<div><p>Metridium farcimen (Brandt, 1835)</p><p>Fig. 5B.</p><p>Actinia farcimen Brandt, 1835: 12 .</p><p>Metridium farcimen: Fautin, Hand, 2000: 1151 (and synonymy); Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 2009: 158, 2010: 211 (and synonymy).</p><p>MATERIAL. VM-167, 59.5650ºN 165.2600ºE – 59.5500ºN 165.2300ºE, depth 94 m, sample 19, one specimen collected; VM-212, 58.7150ºN 162. 7633ºE – 58.7316ºN 162.7866ºE, depth 30– 29 m, sample 26, one specimen collected.</p><p>REMARKS. This species is widely distributed in the North Pacific. It has high smooth column (up to 1 m in height) and numerous (thousands) small tentacles which serve to catch small suspended in the water column particles; the species is planktivorous. Numerous records of this species are reported from American coasts from Bering Strait to Mexico and from subtidal waters to 2740 m (Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012). On the Asiatic side of Pacific, it was reported from Southeast Kamchatka, where its typical location is in the Avacha Bay (Fautin, Hand, 2000; Sanamyan, Sanamyan, 2009, 2010). According to personal observations and underwater photographs of N. Sanamyan this species is abundant in Avachinsky and Kronotsky Gulfs. Also, this species was photographed in the first technical dive by ROV in 2018 on the southern (Pacific) side of Bering Island (Commander Islands) on 30–33 m and in Chukotka in the Seniavin Strait (northern part of the Bering Sea) on the depth 6–8 m (Fig. 5B; personal communication and photo of Viktor Lyagushkin). Metridium sp. recorded by Averincev (1967) from Sea of Japan (Possjet Bay) probably belongs to this species. Metridium farcimen appears to be very abundant in some parts of the Northwest Pacific: more than 100 kg of this species was captured per trawling in three station during bottom trawl survey in the shelf of the Karaginsky subzone (Olyutorsky and Karaginsky Gulfs) in the Bering Sea in 2021 at depths of 29–94 m (personal communication of Taras Morozov).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF898761FD799047307980AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF898761FF30974737F487D9.text	1044BA6DFF898761FF30974737F487D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sagartiogeton rufus Sanamyan 2023	<div><p>Sagartiogeton rufus Sanamyan et al., 2023</p><p>Fig. 5A.</p><p>Sagartiogeton rufus Sanamyan et al., 2023: 5 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-3, 55.4160°N 167.2732º E – 55.4161°N 167.2739ºE, depth 382– 351 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-8, 55.4161°N 167. 2736ºE – 55.4163°N 167.2750ºE, depth 377–400 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-9, 55.4156°N 167.2736ºE – 55.4160°N 167.2743ºE, depth 388– 350 m, many specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171°N 167.2773ºE – 55.4160°N 167.2744ºE, depth 386– 373 m, several specimens collected (samples 6 and 7) and many specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Numerous small (up to 2 cm in height) rose-orange specimens form crowded settlements on the northern top of the Piip Volcano, often together with zoantharians Epizoanthus sp. of similar size and color. However, the settlements of Sagartiogeton rufus are sparser than the settlements of the zoantarians. Sometimes they form settlements near the hydrothermal sites together with filamentous colonies of bacteria. This species has not been found elsewhere. Several specimens were collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF898761FF30974737F487D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8F8767FCC996F130B98005.text	1044BA6DFF8F8767FCC996F130B98005.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.4</p><p>Fig. 5F.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-18, 55.4420°N 167.2627ºE – 55.4341°N 167.2676ºE, depth 1733– 1377 m, seven specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Orange sea anemone of medium size anemone (up to 8–9 cm in the diameter of the tentacular crown), with short column and very long tentacles. The inner tentacles can be more than two times longer than the diameter of the oral disc. Usually occurs on the sides of large stones. Seven specimens were photographed (but not collected) on the northern slope of the Piip Volcano in the lower bathyal zone at 1377–1733 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8F8767FCC996F130B98005	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB913931528033.text	1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB913931528033.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.2</p><p>Fig. 5D.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-2, 55.4166ºN 167.2749ºE – 55.4171ºN 167.2771ºE, depth 403– 367 m, several specimens photographed; LV-75-8, 55.4162ºN 167. 2736ºE – 55.4161ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 378–386 m, several specimens photographed; LV-75-9, 55. 4155ºN 167.2736ºE – 55.4161ºN 167.2743ºE, depth 394– 349 m, several specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4170°N 167.2770ºE – 55.4163°N 167.2738ºE, depth 368– 347 m, one specimen collected (sample 7) and several specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.3765°N 167.2639ºE, depth 668 m, three specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. This small sea anemone (up to 2–3 cm in the height and the diameter of the tentacular crown) appears to be common on the northern top of the Piip Volcano at 347–403 m, and also photographed on the southern slope of the Piip Volcano at 668 m. It has short beige to orange-brownish column wide at the base and beige to orange transparent tentacles. White collar on the margin under the tentacles resembles a circle of pseudospherules in the extended specimens. This species detected on the vertical sides and undersides of large stones among small Sagartiidae Sagartiogeton rufus and corallimorpharians. One specimen was collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB913931528033	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB944D30F18271.text	1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB944D30F18271.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.3</p><p>Fig. 5E.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-1, 55.4170ºN 167.2775ºE, depth 382 m, one specimen photographed. LV-82- 11, 60.8405ºN 174.3804ºE – 60.8543ºN 174.3490ºE, depth 621– 551 m, sample 1, two specimens collected; LV-82-12, 60.8586ºN 174.3398ºE – 60.8635ºN 174.3266ºE, depth 538– 518 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-13, 60.8333ºN 174.3739ºE – 60. 8387ºN 174.3688ºE, depth 660– 620 m, five specimens photographed; LV-82-14, 61.1203ºN 174. 9650ºE – 61.1332ºN 174.9453ºE, depth 664– 565 m, three specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61. 1500ºN 174.9179ºE – 61.1717ºN 174.8802ºE, depth 499– 433 m, 25 specimens photographed; LV-82- 18, 61.1209ºN 174.9669ºE, depth 662 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-21, 60.8305ºN 174. 3770ºE – 60.8313ºN 174.3771ºE, depth 679– 674 m, 25 specimens photographed .</p><p>REMARKS.Medium-sized burrowing sea anemone; only its upper part, a scapulus with the tentacles, is visible above the surface of bottom. The diameter of the tentacular crown is about 4 cm. The tentacles are dark, directed upward and slightly to the sides (i.e. they do not stand horizontally and do not touch the substrate). The tentacles are conical, probably 24 in number, usually lilac or reddish-brown or paler with two transverse dark bands of the same tint; the tips may be white. The scapulus is pale or white with a reddish-brown band in its upper part, composed of vertical lines between the insertions of the mesenteries. This color band may be poorly defined on some specimens. The scapus is covered with cuticle and firm layer of sand and gravel. One specimen of this species was photographically documented on the northern top of the Piip Volcano at 382 m, while on the Koryak slope it occurred rather often at 433– 679 m, where 65 specimens were photographed, two of which were collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB944D30F18271	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB928231ED853F.text	1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB928231ED853F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.1</p><p>Fig. 5C.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-3, 55.4160°N 167. 2734ºE – 55.4161°N 167.2739ºE, depth 384– 351 m, 27 specimens photographed; LV-75-9, 55.4158°N 167.2738ºE, depth 379 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4163°N 167.2738ºE, depth 348 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. About 30 specimens of medium-sized (up to 5–7 cm in diameter of the tentacular crown) white sea anemones were detected, but not collected, among the settlements of zoantharians and Sagartiogeton rufus on the northern top of the Piip Volcano at 348– 384 m. They have short column and long tapering tentacles arranged hexamerously in five cycles (6+6+12+24+48= up to 96), the oral disc is small, almost completely covered by the tentacles, the oral cone is high. The species has some superficial similarity with white Corallimorphus cf. pilatus, but differs in its tapering tentacles without acrospheres.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8F8767FEDB928231ED853F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8F8766FCC99444328A8404.text	1044BA6DFF8F8766FCC99444328A8404.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.5</p><p>Fig. 5G.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-5, 55.2616°N 167. 3025ºE – 55.2698°N 167.2992ºE, 3931– 3547 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and five specimens photographed; LV-82-10, 55.2879°N 167.3014ºE, depth 2807 m, two specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. A small abyssal sea anemone with a white translucent body, eight specimens of which were photographed and one collected on the southern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif at depths of 2807–3931 m in 2018. All specimens have a low column of similar height and width; the oral disc is slightly wider than the column. The tentacles are marginal, arranged in two cycles, up to 36 in number. White ova are visible in the tentacles and through the oral disc in half of the specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8F8766FCC99444328A8404	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB904432F3825F.text	1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB904432F3825F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.6</p><p>Fig. 5H.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-82-14, 61.1326°N 174. 9450ºE – 61.1333°N 174.9453ºE, depth 570– 565 m, four specimens photographed; LV-82-15, 61.1380°N 174.9382ºE – 61.1401°N 174.9347ºE, depth 550– 536 m, two specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Medium sized (up to 8 cm in the height and the diameter of the tentacular crown) dark, plain brownish-violet sea anemones occurring on pebbles or another hard substrate on muddy bottom. High cylindrical column is much wider distally, the oral disk three times wider than the column. The tentacles are arranged in five cycles, conical, not longer than the radius of the oral disc. Six specimens are photographed (but not collected) on the Koryak slope in background community dominated by brittle stars Ophiophthalmus normani (Lyman, 1879) at 536– 570 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB904432F3825F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB960232E080AD.text	1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB960232E080AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria sp.7</p><p>Fig. 5 I.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-2, 55.4172ºN 167.2766ºE, depth 380 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75- 3, 55.4165ºN 167.2759ºE, depth 390 m, seven specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Eight specimens of this small (about 2–3 cm in height) species were photographed but not collected at 380–390 m on the northern top of the Piip Volcano. The specimens of this species are attached to the stones, they have high column (with wider basal half) divisible into scapus covered by yellow-brownish cuticle and white bare scapulus. Longitudinal lines, probably insertions of the mesenteries are visible on the column. Mesenteries arranged probably in three cycles. Dark tentacles are probably arranged in four cycles. The specimens of this species occur on the upper and lower surfaces of the stones, either solitarily or in groups. It resembles members of the family Bathyphelliidae Carlgren, 1932 or related families.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8E8766FEDB960232E080AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8E8766FCC992CC30F6851B.text	1044BA6DFF8E8766FCC992CC30F6851B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	undetermined Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Actiniaria spp.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-17, 55.4445ºN 167.2626ºE, depth 1819 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>LV-82-8, 55.3765°N 167.2639ºE, depth 668 m, three specimens photographed; LV-82-10, 55. 2879°N 167.3014ºE – 55.2898°N 167.2974ºE, depth 2807– 2638 m, several specimens of 5 species photographed. LV-82-15, 61.1512°N 174.9148ºE – 61. 1774°N 174.8715ºE, depth 494– 460 m, two specimens photographed; LV-82-16, 61.1869°N 174. 8397ºE – 61.1902°N 174.8347ºE, depth 373– 356 m, five specimens photographed; LV-82-18, 61.1196°N 174.9676ºE – 61.1201°N 174.9635ºE, depth 670– 652 m, two specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. About 10 species of undetermined Actiniaria that were photographed but not collected and cannot be identified: 6 on the Vulcanologov Massif and 2–4 species on the Koryak slope. Most of them are burrowing species or small species living on the stones which were difficult to collect by the manipulator of the ROV.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8E8766FCC992CC30F6851B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8E8765FD5F91EC30C384FA.text	1044BA6DFF8E8765FD5F91EC30C384FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corallimorphus pilatus Fautin, White et Pearson 2002	<div><p>Corallimorphus cf. pilatus Fautin, White et Pearson, 2002</p><p>Fig. 5 J, K.</p><p>Corallimorphus pilatus Fautin et al., 2002: 118; Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012: 9.</p><p>MATERIAL. AMK-22-2310, 55.3896°N 167. 2616°E – 55.385°N 167.2566°E, depth 602–750 m, dredge 1; 55.3753°N 167.2468°E – 55.3833°N 167. 265°E, depth 580–750 m, dredge 2; eight specimens collected. AMK-22-2311, submersible Mir-1, dive 6/50: 55.4166°N 167.272°E, depth 410 m, sample 3; 55.4163°N 167.2721°E, depth 409 m, sample 4; 55. 4161°N 167.2723°E, depth 396 m, sample 5; 24 specimens collected. AMK-22-2320, submersible Mir-2, dive 15/48: 55.3858°N 167.2583°E, depth 524 m, sample 2, one specimen collected.</p><p>LV-75-1, 55.4246ºN 167.2903ºE, depth 1053 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75-2, 55.4173ºN 167.2766ºE – 55.4165ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 381– 407 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-3, 55.4165ºN 167. 2735ºE – 55.4164ºN 167.2759ºE, depth 386–390 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-4, 55.4165ºN 167.2749ºE – 55.4167ºN 167.2759ºE, depth 390– 399 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-5, 55.4166ºN 167.2749ºE – 55.4166ºN 167.2755ºE, depth 372–394 m, one specimen collected (sample 2) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-6, 55. 4166ºN 167.2743ºE – 55.4165ºN 167.2762ºE, depth 372–396 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-7, 55.4174ºN 167.2747ºE – 55.4166ºN 167. 2752ºE, depth 421– 409 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-8, 55.4163ºN 167.2755ºE – 55. 4161ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 407– 386 m, four specimens collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-9, 55.4180ºN 167.2760ºE – 55.4161ºN 167.2742ºE, depth 424– 349 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-10, 55.4169ºN 167. 2744ºE – 55.4172ºN 167.2748ºE, depth 407–411 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-11, 55. 3821ºN 167.2609ºE, depth 470 m, three specimens collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-12, 55.3823ºN 167.2608ºE – 55. 3810ºN 167.2611ºE, depth 468–474 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-13, 55.3822ºN 167. 2608ºE – 55.3826ºN 167.2605ºE, depth 466–472 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and a few specimens photographed; LV-75-14, 55.3822ºN 167. 2611ºE – 55.3820ºN 167.2607ºE, depth 460–465 m, a few specimens photographed; LV-75-15, 55. 3822ºN 167.2612ºE – 55.3821ºN 167.2612ºE, depth 466– 459 m, several specimens collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-19, 55. 3822ºN 167.2625ºE – 55.3819ºN 167.2606ºE, depth 494– 453 m, a few specimens photographed; LV-75- 20, 55.3824ºN 167.2618ºE – 55.3822ºN 167.2611ºE, depth 481– 470 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-21, 55.4812ºN 167.2572ºE, depth 2834 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75-22, 55.5100ºN 167.3240ºE – 55.5087ºN 167.3236ºE, depth 3561– 3545 m, five specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171ºN 167.2773ºE – 55.4165ºN 167.2763ºE, depth 386– 382 m, several specimens collected (samples 3 and 7) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-2, 55.4167ºN 167.2764ºE – 55.4158ºN 167.2766ºE, depth 383–400 m, many specimens photographed; LV-82-3, 55.3827ºN 167. 2626ºE – 55.3816ºN 167.2608ºE, depth 492– 464 m, several specimens collected (samples 1, 2 and 3) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-4, 55.3817ºN 167.2612ºE – 55.3820ºN 167.2611ºE, depth 465– 451 m, many specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.3814ºN 167.2617ºE – 55.3825ºN 167.2617ºE, depth 469–475 m, several specimens collected (samples 2 and 7) and many specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. The specimens are of moderate size, very abundant on the upper slope and top of the Piip Volcano at 372–1053 m. The white form (Fig. 5 J) with bright-white acrospheres at the tip of the tentacles dominates on the northern top, occurs near bacterial mats. The brown form with white acrospheres dominates at the southern top (Fig. 5K) and occurs directly on the seeps on bacterial mats. The species is hexamerous with up to five cycles of the marginal tentacles, 12 (two cycles) discal tentacles located in the endocoels of the first and the second cycles. Large specimens have about 12 discal and 49 marginal tentacles (the ratio is 1:4, as in C. pilatus). The height and diameter of the preserved specimens is up to 16 mm. There are 12 pairs of perfect mesenteries and very small miscrocnemes of third and fourth cycles. Corallimorphus pilatus appear to be most closely related to the present specimens, its original description is based on numerous specimens from 198–900 m in the eastern Pacific from British Columbia to Southern California. Subsequently it was found from much greater depths (up to 2000 m) (Eash-Loucks, Fautin, 2012). Some specimens reported here were photographed at great depth (3545– 3561 m) on the norther slope of the Piip Volcano, their morphology and external appearance are similar to those from shallower waters. Another deep-sea species (2834 m, one specimen in the photo) differs significantly from other specimens recorded on the Vulcanologov Massif in its dark bluish-brown color, body shape, high oral cone and, possibly, more numerous discal tentacles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8E8765FD5F91EC30C384FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8D8764FCAA917E3109859B.text	1044BA6DFF8D8764FCAA917E3109859B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corallimorphidae Hertwig 1882	<div><p>Corallimorphidae sp.</p><p>Fig. 5L.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-1, 55.4246ºN 167.2903ºE, depth 1053 m, one specimen photographed; LV-75- 2, 55.4173ºN 167.2766ºE – 55.4165ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 381–407 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-3, 55.4165ºN 167.2735ºE – 55.4164ºN 167. 2759ºE, depth 386–390 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-4, 55.4165ºN 167.2749ºE – 55. 4167ºN 167.2759ºE, depth 390–399 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-5, 55.4166ºN 167. 2749ºE – 55.4166ºN 167.2755ºE, depth 372–394 m, eight specimens collected (sample 2) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-7, 55.4174ºN 167. 2747ºE – 55.4166ºN 167.2752ºE, depth 421– 409 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-8, 55.4163ºN 167.2755ºE – 55.4161ºN 167.2749ºE, depth 407– 386 m, one specimen collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-9, 55.4180ºN 167. 2760ºE – 55.4161ºN 167.2742ºE, depth 424– 349 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-10, 55. 4169ºN 167.2744ºE – 55.4172ºN 167.2748ºE, depth 407–411 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-12, 55.3823ºN 167.2608ºE – 55.3810ºN 167. 2611ºE, depth 468–474 m, many specimens photographed; LV-75-13, 55.3822ºN 167.2608ºE – 55. 3826ºN 167.2605ºE, depth 466–472 m, three specimens collected (sample 1) and many specimens photographed; LV-75-20, 55.3824ºN 167.2618ºE – 55.3822ºN 167.2611ºE, depth 481– 470 m, many specimens photographed.</p><p>LV-82-1, 55.4171ºN 167.2773ºE – 55.4165ºN 167.2763ºE, depth 386– 382 m, many specimens photographed; LV-82-2, 55.4167ºN 167.2764ºE – 55.4158ºN 167.2766ºE, depth 383–400 m, several specimens collected (sample 7) and many specimens photographed; LV-82-3, 55.3827ºN 167.2626ºE – 55.3816ºN 167.2608ºE, depth 492– 464 m, many specimens photographed; LV-82-4, 55.3817ºN 167. 2612ºE – 55.3820ºN 167.2611ºE, depth 465– 451 m, many specimens photographed; LV-82-8, 55.3806ºN 167.2617ºE – 55.3825ºN 167.2617ºE, depth 485– 475 m, several specimens collected (sample 7) and many specimens photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. This small (up to 1.5 cm in the height and the diameter of the tentacular crown) species occurs on both tops of the Piip Volcano together with larger Corallimorphus cf. pilatus and small Sagartiogeton rufus . The specimens are white, translucent; longitudinal strips of white filaments or gonads are visible through the cylindrical column. The pedal disc is expanded and wider than the column, often forms a kind of lobes and outgrows characteristic for pedal laceration. This species does not have discal tentacles characteristic for Corallimorphus; there are four cycles of marginal tentacles arranged hexamerously. Sometimes they occur directly among the bacterial settlements on the seeps. Several specimens have been collected. The greatest depth recorded from a photograph for this species is 1053 m (on the dead glass sponge Farrea sp.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8D8764FCAA917E3109859B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8C8764FF57964C3767871A.text	1044BA6DFF8C8764FF57964C3767871A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epizoanthus fatuus (Schultze 1860)	<div><p>Epizoanthus fatuus (Schultze, 1860)</p><p>Fig. 6A.</p><p>Palythoa fatua Schultze, 1860: 36 .</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-16, 55.5774ºN 167.3258ºE, depth 4277 m, one colony photographed; LV-75- 22, 55.5134ºN 167.3270ºE – 55.5087ºN 167.3236ºE, depth 3602– 3534 m, three colonies photographed.</p><p>LV-82-5, 55.2698ºN 167.2995ºE – 55.2738ºN 167.2974ºE, depth 3520– 3435 m, two colonies collected (samples 7 and 8) and one colony photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Deep-water colonial zoantarian growing on the stem of glass sponge of the genus Hyalonema . The species is recorded in the abyssal zone on the northern and southern slopes of the Vulcanologov Massif and in the Komandor Graben from 3435 to 4277 m; two colonies were collected. The zooids densely cover the sponge stem composed of bundle of spicules. They extend from the lover part of the stem, along the whole its length, to the body of the sponge located on the top of the stem. They are also found on the dead stems which have no body of the sponge at the end (Fig. 6A) sometimes inhabited by other organisms (hydroids or sea anemones, Fig. 2A). Zooids are white, up to 2–3 cm high and have two cycles of the tentacles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8C8764FF57964C3767871A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
1044BA6DFF8C876BFCD497BC312C85D0.text	1044BA6DFF8C876BFCD497BC312C85D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zoantharia Gray 1832	<div><p>Zoantharia spp.</p><p>Fig. 6C.</p><p>MATERIAL. LV-75-22, 55.5100ºN 167.3240ºE – 55.5087ºN 167.3236ºE, depth 3561– 3545 m, several specimens photographed .</p><p>LV-82-5, 55.2616ºN 167.3025ºE – 55.2647ºN 167.3014ºE, depth 3931– 3879 m, one specimen photographed; LV-82-10, 55.2879°N 167.3014ºE, depth 2807 m;55.2882ºN 167.3011ºE,depth 2778 m, one specimen photographed.</p><p>REMARKS. Small white specimens on stones were photographed in the abyssal zone. On the southern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif, two species have been recorded: a group of at least 7 specimens with a long column covered with sediment particles (Fig. 6C), and solitary specimens with a short white column. Another smaller species with a short white column occurs in small groups on the northern slope of the Vulcanologov Massif.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1044BA6DFF8C876BFCD497BC312C85D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanamyan, N. P.;Sanamyan, K. E.;Bocharova, E. S.;Morozov, T. B.;Galkin, S. V.	Sanamyan, N. P., Sanamyan, K. E., Bocharova, E. S., Morozov, T. B., Galkin, S. V. (2023): Sea anemones (Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia and Zoantharia) from the Western Bering Sea (Northwest Pacific). Invertebrate Zoology 20 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.20.1.02
