identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1664BC603C490D02FFEB4C50FD367A08.text	1664BC603C490D02FFEB4C50FD367A08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus Jack	<div><p>Lasianthus</p><p>Lasianthus Jack (1823) 125, nom. cons.; Blume (1826 –1827) 995; Spreng. (1830) 94; Wight (1846) 498; Miq. (1857) 314; Hook.f. (1873) 129; Kurz (1877) 30; Hiern (1877) 228; Hook.f. (1880) 178; K.Schum. (1891) 120; Prain (1903) 576; Ridl. (1923a) 149; Pit. (1924) 371; Valeton (1927) 105; Craib (1934) 207; Fl. Hainan 3 (1974) 333;T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 118; Bakh.f. (1965) 335; K.M. Wong (1988) 367; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 270; H. Zhu (1994) 49;(2001b) 124;(2002) 69. —</p><p>Type: Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack (typ. cons.).</p><p>Dasus Lour.(1790) 141, nom. rej. — Type: Dasus verticillata Lour. (= Lasianthus verticillatus (Lour.) Merr.).</p><p>Mephitidia Reinw.ex Blume (1823) 51. — Type: Mephitidia hexandra Blume (= Lasianthus hexandrus (Blume) Blume).</p><p>Litosanthes Blume (1823) 22;(1826–1827) 994. — Type: Litosanthes biflora Blume.</p><p>Santia Wight &amp; Arn. (1834) 422, nom. illeg., non Santia Savi 1799 . — Type: Santia venulosa Wight &amp; Arn. (= Lasianthus venulosus (Wight &amp; Arn.) Wight).</p><p>Subshrubs, shrubs, or rarely small trees, foetid or not. Branches and branchlets terete, sometimes compressed, rarely fistulous; lenticels inconspicuous or conspicuous. Leaves opposite, distichous, usually thinly coriaceous or chartaceous; apex acuminate, acute or cuspidate; base acute to rounded or cordate; midrib flat, depressed or slightly prominent above, usually prominent beneath; nerves generally prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of more than 45°, curved to the margin or joining the nerves above at margin; nervules parallel or reticulate. Stipules interpetiolar, usually persistent, well developed or inconspicuous, triangular, lanceolate, ovate or oblong; apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences axillary, rarely supraaxillary, opposite, sessile, compact or cymes with peduncles, several-flowered to many-flowered; peduncles conspicuous or compressed, stout to extremely congested; bracts persistent or not, well developed or absent. Flowers small, white, sessile or pedicellate, in clusters or peduncled cymes axillary and paired at the nodes; calyx campanulate, with 3 –6 teeth or lobes, rarely with cupular limb truncate at apex, persistent on fruit; corolla funnel-form or salver-shaped, several mm long to the maximum of 2.5 cm long, glabrous or hairy outside; the throat usually villous inside; the lobes 4–6, valvate or imbricate in bud; stamens 4–6, inserted on the throat of the corolla; filaments short; the anthers linear or oblong, dorsifixed, included or exserted; style linear, with 3 – 9 linear or lanceolate stigmas lobes; ovary 3 –9-celled; ovules 1 in each cell, basal, erect. Fruit drupes small, pulpy, blue, or rarely white, black or red, usually globose, smooth or warty, rounded or ridged; pyrenes 2 – 9, thick walled, smooth, warty or sulcate on the abaxial face, usually triangular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — More than 180 species in tropical areas of the world, and centred in tropical Asia. There are more than 160 species in tropical Asia, c. 20 species in Africa, 1 in Australia and 3 in tropical America.</p><p>Note — Hooker’s (1880) infrageneric system has been commonly accepted although there is not an exclusive character for any of the sections. Stipules, bracts and peduncles, which are key characteristics to separate sections in Hooker’s system, vary from species to species gradually in size and shape. However, some correlation among these characteristics can be seen indeed. Large stipules (large enough to cover or partly cover the inflorescence) are correlated with the sessile inflorescence and numerous bracts except for two species in which the bracts are reduced. The sect. Stipulares so defined seems a natural group. The sect. Nudiflorae, which has sessile or subsessile inflorescences and inconspicuous bracts except one species with very short peduncles, can be recognised as a loose group. The sect. Lasianthus, which has sessile cymes accompanied by conspicuous bracts, cannot be clearly separated from the sect. Pedunculatae, which has peduncled cymes, because there is a group of species with conspicuous peduncles accompanied by conspicuous bracts, such as L. moonii, L. pendulus, L. rhinocerotis . Here we therefore reduce the sect. Pedunculatae to the sect. Lasianthus .</p><p>Key to the sections</p><p>1. Stipules quite large, ovate, oblong-ovate or triangular-ovate, coriaceous with membranaceous margin or membranaceous, partly or completely covering the sessile cymes.................................. sect. I. Stipulares</p><p>1. Stipules large or small, triangular, lanceolate, oblong, rarely ovate, never large enough to cover or partly cover cymes 2</p><p>2. Bracts conspicuous, linear-lanceolate, ovate, cordate or leaf-like, more that 3 mm long....... sect. II. Lasianthus</p><p>2. Bracts inconspicuous or absent, or minute, linear, usually less than 3 mm long.............. sect. III. Nudiflorae</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C490D02FFEB4C50FD367A08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C480D02FFEB4A0FFD317F77.text	1664BC603C480D02FFEB4A0FFD317F77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus (sect. Stipulares) Hook f.	<div><p>Sect. I. Stipulares Hook.f. (1880) 179 . —</p><p>Type: Lasianthus stipularis Wight</p><p>Key to the species</p><p>1. Stipules completely or almost covering the cymes, bracts not forming a dense and thick head if existent; leaves less than 16 cm long with 6 –11 pairs of nerves........... 2</p><p>1. Stipules partly covering the cymes, bracts forming a dense and thick head; leaves usually longer than 16 cm with more than 12 pairs of nerves................ 53. L. griffithii</p><p>2. Bracts numerous, longer than 5 mm ................ 3</p><p>2. Bracts few, less than 5 mm long................... 4</p><p>3. Bracts linear to narrowly lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm long, villous............................. 117. L. stipularis</p><p>3. Bracts ovate-triangular to lanceolate, 7– 8 mm long, glabrous except hairy margins................... 52. L. glaber</p><p>4. Branchlets and leaves glabrous; leaves oblong; calyx with a shallowly cupular limb, truncate or minute-teethed at apex.......................... 100. L. pseudo­stipularis</p><p>4. Branchlets hirsute; leaves ovate-elliptic with hirsute nerves beneath; calyx without a shallowly cupular limb but with lanceolate lobes with barbate hairs at margin 9. L. barbiger</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C480D02FFEB4A0FFD317F77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C480D00FFEB4F14FD317FF3.text	1664BC603C480D00FFEB4F14FD317FF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus	<div><p>Sect. II. Lasianthus</p><p>– sect. Bracteatae Hook.f. (1880) 179, nom. illeg. — Type: Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack.</p><p>– sect. Pedunculatae Hook.f. (1880) 190. — Type: Lasianthus biermannii King ex Hook.f. (lecto,designated by Gangopadhyay &amp; Chakrabarty 1992).</p><p>Key to the species</p><p>1. Cymes sessile, subsessile or shortly tuberculate...... 2</p><p>1. Cymes conspicuously pedunculate, peduncles more than 1 mm long................................... 31</p><p>2. Bracts longer than 5 mm ......................... 3</p><p>2. Bracts shorter than 5 mm ....................... 17</p><p>3. Leaves with subcordate or rounded, more or less oblique bases........................................ 4</p><p>3. Leaves with cuneate or acute, equal-sided bases...... 9</p><p>4. Leaf nerves conspicuously depressed above, 10–13 pairs; drupes glabrous.................. 33. L. crassinervis</p><p>4. Leaf nerves flat or slightly prominent above, usually less than 10 pairs; drupes hairy or glabrous.............. 5</p><p>5. Plants glabrous; leaves with a faint intramarginal vein; bracts coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to oblong, obtuse at the apex; calyx lobes oblong to oblong-ovate, obtuse at the apex 30. L. cordatus</p><p>5. At least stipules and bracts hirsute; leaves without an intramarginal vein; bracts chartaceous, not oblong-lanceolate or oblong, acuminate or acute at the apex; calyx lobes triangular or lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex........ 6</p><p>6. Branches glabrous, enlarged (swollen) at nodes; leaves hirsute on midrib and nerves beneath, obovate to obovate-oblong, coriaceous; drupes glabrous...... 106. L. rigidus</p><p>6. Branches usually densely tomentose or villous, not enlarged (swollen) at nodes; leaves usually densely tomentose, villous or setaceous beneath, usually oblong, membranaceous or chartaceous; drupes hairy....................... 7</p><p>7. Branchlets densely spreading villous; bracts paired, with a long linear apex............... 113. L. sogerensis</p><p>7. Branchlets densely tomentose; hairs not spreading; bracts not paired, but numerous, acuminate.............. 8</p><p>8. Bracts cordate to broadly lanceolate, somewhat leaf-like.............................. 37. L. cyanocarpus</p><p>8. Bracts linear to lanceolate, not leaf-like.. 6. L. attenuatus</p><p>9. Branchlets and leaves usually stiffly rusty-hirsute; bracts large, cordate, orbicular, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, leaf-like, more than 1 cm broad............ 56. L. hirsutus</p><p>9. Branchlets and leaves not stiffly rusty-hirsute; bracts relatively small, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate, linear or subulate, less than 0.5 cm broad................ 10</p><p>10. Bracts oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, with a conspicuous midrib...................................... 11</p><p>10. Bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, without a conspicuous midrib...................................... 12</p><p>11. Branchlets thinly appressed-pubescent; leaves narrowly oblong, less than 3 cm broad, thinly appressed-pubescent on midrib and nerves beneath; bracts 2 in each axil, oblong-lanceolate, less than 2 mm broad, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent hairs on midrib and margin beneath.......................... 86. L. oblongatus</p><p>11. Branchlets densely brown-hirsute; leaves oblong-elliptic, more than 3 cm broad, densely hirsute beneath; bracts numerous, lanceolate, more than 2 mm broad, hirsute............................. 36. L. cyanocarpoides</p><p>12. Stipules ovate-triangular, up to 7 mm long............................................ 40. L. ellipticus</p><p>12. Stipules not ovate-triangular, relatively small, less than 4 mm long or inconspicuous.................... 13</p><p>13. Bracts linear-lanceolate; drupes glabrous.......................................... 112. L. sikkimensis</p><p>13. Bracts filiform or subulate-linear; drupes hairy...... 14</p><p>14. Bracts filiform, more than 8 mm long, forming a dense head.................................. 34. L. crinitus</p><p>14. Bracts subulate-linear, not forming a dense head.... 15</p><p>15. Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, less than 3 cm broad................................ 32. L. coronatus</p><p>15. Leaves elliptic-oblong or obovate-elliptic, more than 3 cm broad...................................... 16</p><p>16. Branchlets spreading tomentose; leaves elliptic, spreading tomentose beneath............... 69. L. ledermannii</p><p>16. Branchlets subglabrous or appressed-pubescent; leaves obovate-elliptic, appressed-pubescent or subglabrous beneath......................... 13. L. bracteolatus</p><p>17. Leaves very large, 22– 30 by 7–12 cm; drupes verrucose, with 6 conspicuous ridges......... 76. L. megaphyllus</p><p>17. Leaves less than 20 cm long, less than 6 cm broad; drupes without 6 conspicuous ridges................... 18</p><p>18. Leaves thickly coriaceous; bracts 2, spatulate-obovate, 3 by 2 mm; flowers 4-merous; drupes 3–4....................................... 88. L. obovatibracteatus</p><p>18. Leaves coriaceous or chartaceous; bracts more than 2, not spatulate-obovate; flowers 4–6-merous; drupes 4–5. 19</p><p>19. Leaves coriaceous; bracts orbicular or ovate-orbicular 20</p><p>19. Leaves chartaceous, membranaceous or subcoriaceous; bracts neither orbicular nor ovate-orbicular......... 21</p><p>20. Leaves small, ovate-lanceolate, 8 –11 by 1.5 cm with deeply depressed midrib and nerves above; calyx lobes ovate, longer than the tube........... 38. L. depressineurus</p><p>20. Leaves relatively large, more than 10 cm long and more than 2.5 cm broad; midrib and nerves not depressed above; calyx lobes ovate-lanceolate, not longer than the tube................................... 60. L. inodorus</p><p>21. Branchlets and leaves glabrous; stipules and bracts glabrous except barbate margins.......... 8. L. barbatus</p><p>21. Branchlets and leaves hairy beneath; stipules and bracts hairy....................................... 22</p><p>22. Stipules more than 5 mm long; bracts ovate or ovate-triangular..................................... 23</p><p>22. Stipules less than 5 mm long; bracts linear to linear-lanceolate or lanceolate.......................... 25</p><p>23. Leaves with acute bases; nerves 3– 6 pairs; petioles 1.5– 2 cm long; bracts small, less than 2 mm long; calyx lobes triangular, 1.5 mm long, glabrous internal surface; drupes conspicuously 5 – 8-ridged......... 85. L. obliquinervis</p><p>23. Leaves with cuneate to obtuse bases; nerves 8 –10 pairs; petioles less than 1 cm long; bracts longer than 2 mm; calyx lobes lanceolate, longer than 1.5 mm, hirsute both surfaces; drupes without conspicuous ridges....... 24</p><p>24. Densely spreading tomentose hairs on branches, leaves beneath, stipules, bracts, calyx and drupes........................................... 89. L. obscurus</p><p>24. Thinly appressed-pubescent hairs on branches, leaves beneath, stipules, bracts and calyx; drupes subglabrous............................. 23. L. chrysoneurus</p><p>25. Stipules triangular; branchlets and leaves beneath appressed-pubescent or puberulous; nervules parallel, bracts lanceolate to subulate; drupes with 4 pyrenes...... 26</p><p>25. Stipules lanceolate, linear, subulate or inconspicuous; branchlets and leaves beneath hirsute or tomentose; nervules parallel or reticulate; bracts linear, linear-lanceolate or linear-subulate; drupes with 4 or more pyrenes... 27</p><p>26. Branchlets, leaf venation beneath, stipules and bracts appressed-puberulous; drupes glabrous except persistent calyx lobes.................. 50. L. foxworthyanus</p><p>26. Branchlets, leaf venation beneath, stipules and bracts very densely appressed-pubescent; drupes puberulous........................................ 80. L. mollis</p><p>27. Leaf base cordate or slightly cordate and more or less oblique; nerves more than 12 pairs; calyx lobes up to 5 mm long; corolla up to 1.5 cm long...... 97. L. pilosus</p><p>27. Leaf base cuneate, acute or subrounded, not oblique; nerves less than 10 pairs; calyx lobes less than 5 mm long; corolla less than 1.2 cm long.................... 28</p><p>28. Leaves more than 13 cm long; bracts numerous; fruits verrucose.............................. 104. L. ridleyi</p><p>28. Leaves less than 12 cm long; bracts not numerous; drupes smooth.................................... 29</p><p>29. Leaves subrounded at base; stipules inconspicuous; bracts linear-lanceolate; pyrenes 8.......... 4. L. appressus</p><p>29. Leaves cuneate or acute at base; stipules linear-subulate or narrowly lanceolate; bracts linear; pyrenes 5 – 6... 30</p><p>30. Leaves lanceolate; leaf nervules strongly reticulate; calyx lobes lanceolate, c. 2.5 mm long......... 98. L. politus</p><p>30. Leaves oblong or elliptic oblong; leaf nervules parallel; calyx lobes linear, 3–4 mm long... 122. L. sylvestroides</p><p>31. Peduncles usually more than 4 cm long........... 32</p><p>31. Peduncles usually less than 4 cm long............ 33</p><p>32. Leaves oblong-ovate to ovate; nerves 4–6 pairs; petioles c. 5 mm long; stipules triangular, less than 2 mm long............................. 46. L. filipedunculatus</p><p>32. Leaves oblong; nerves 8–9 pairs; petioles 2– 3 mm; stipules triangular lanceolate, 4–5 mm long....107. L. robinsonii</p><p>33. Peduncles very slender, less than 0.3 mm diam..... 34</p><p>33. Peduncles relatively robust, more than 0.3 mm diam. 35</p><p>34. Branchlets appressed hirsute; leaves elliptic-obovate, less than 2.5 cm long; leaf bases cuneate; stipules very small, inconspicuous; bracts small, subulate or inconspicuous; ovary 4-locular; drupes ovoid with 4 pyrenes........................................... 11. L. biflorus</p><p>34. Branchlets long spreading villose; leaves oblong-lanceolate, more than 5 cm long; leaf bases rounded to subcordate; stipules linear, c. 4 mm long; bracts linear to ovate, leaf-like, 6 –10 mm long; ovary 8-locular; drupes globose with 6 –8 pyrenes.................. 45. L. filiformis</p><p>35. Plant totally glabrous.......................... 36</p><p>35. Branchlets and leaf nerves beneath hairy or more or less appressed-pubescent......................... 38</p><p>36. Main peduncles up to 3 cm long, trifurcate; stipules up to 5 mm long; calyx c. 3 mm long, with c. 1 mm long subulate teeth............................ 68. L. laxiflorus</p><p>36. Main peduncles less than 1.5 cm long, bifurcate; stipules less than 4 mm long; calyx 8–10 mm long, with 5–6 mm long oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate lobes......... 37</p><p>37. Leaves with looped venation; nerves 4–5 pairs; stipules very small, subulate, less than 1 mm long; drupes with 4 pyrenes; pyrenes very warty...... 51. L. furcatoides</p><p>37. Leaves without looped venation; nerves 8 –10 pairs; stipules triangular, 3 mm long; drupes with 6 pyrenes; pyrenes smooth......................... 64. L. laevigatus</p><p>38. Peduncles 2 – 3.5 cm long...................... 39</p><p>38. Peduncles less than 2 cm long.................. 41</p><p>39. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles sparsely hirsute; leaves chartaceous with acute base; nerves 5 – 6 pairs; petioles 6–8 mm long; bracts linear; flowers 4-merous, pediceled........................ 65. L. lancilobus</p><p>39. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles densely spreading villose; leaves coriaceous with subcordate, rounded or obtuse bases;nerves 7–10 pairs;petioles shorter than 6 mm; bracts linear or filiform; flowers 5-merous, sessile... 40</p><p>40. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, with an acuminate apex and a subcordate base; midrib and nerves deeply depressed above; nervules subparallel; petioles c. 1 mm long; bracts numerous, filiform, up to 1.5 cm long; corolla glabrous................................... 93. L. pendulus</p><p>40. Leaves ovate-oblong with a caudate apex and a rounded or obtuse base; nerves flat above, nervules parallel; petioles 5 mm long; bracts 2, linear, 7–8 mm long; corolla densely villous.......................... 75. L. malaiense</p><p>41. Bracts 2, ovate, orbicular or cordate, leaf-like, more than 1 cm broad................................. 42</p><p>41. Bracts more than 2, linear or subulate, not leaf-like, less than 5 mm broad............................. 43</p><p>42. Branchlets and leaves densely spreading yellowish hirsute; leaves oblong, with slightly asymmetric base, 10–17 by 3 –5 cm; peduncles 7–8 mm long, bracts relatively small, c. 1.5 by 1 cm, with shortly cuspidate apex; calyx lobes 5, 2 –3 mm long; pyrenes 5............ 18. L. cailinianus</p><p>42. Branchlets and leaf nerves, bracts and calyx densely appressed-pubescent; leaves slightly obovate-oblong, 26–34 by 6 –8 cm; peduncles c. 2 – 3 mm long; bracts large, c. 2 by 2 cm, with a c. 5 mm long cuspidate apex; calyx lobes 4, 1.5 mm long; pyrenes 4........ 24. L. chrysophyllus</p><p>43. Leaves 26–46 cm long; stipules c. 1 cm long; peduncles very short, 1– 2 mm long; bracts up to 3 cm long.................................. 71. L. longibracteatus</p><p>43. Leaves less than 16 cm long; stipules less than 5 mm long; peduncles short or long; bracts less than 1.5 cm long 44</p><p>44. Bracts linear, 6–15 mm long, hirsute; cymes capitate 45</p><p>44. Bracts linear or subulate, less than 5 mm long; hirsute or pubescent; cymes not capitate.................. 46</p><p>45. Leaf bases subrounded; nerves 9–12 pairs; bracts numerous, usually forming a dense head; peduncles usually very short; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, c. 3 mm long; drupes with 5 pyrenes.................. 103. L. rhinocerotis</p><p>45. Leaf bases cuneate or acute; nerves 7–8 pairs; bracts not forming a dense head; peduncles up to 1.5 cm long; calyx lobes subulate-linear, up to 12 mm long; drupes with 6 pyrenes.......................... 19. L. capitatus</p><p>46. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles densely tomentose....................................... 47</p><p>46. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles appressed-pubescent or glabrous........................... 48</p><p>47. Peduncles 1–3 mm long; calyx lobes oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 3 mm long...........15. L. brevipedunculatus</p><p>47. Peduncles longer than 5 mm; calyx lobes linear, 5–6 mm long........................ 121. L. sumatraensis</p><p>48. Leaves linear-lanceolate, less than 2 cm broad, long-caudate at the apex; calyx lobes triangular, c. 0.8 mm long............................... 39. L. dinghouanus</p><p>48. Leaves not linear-lanceolate, more than 2.5 cm broad, acuminate or cuspidate at the apex; calyx lobes ovate-oblong or lanceolate, 1.5–4 mm long............. 49</p><p>49. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles densely appressed-pubescent; nerves 3 – 6 pairs; cymes trifurcate; flowers with 3–5 mm long pedicels, 4-merous; calyx lobes lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long; drupes with 4 conspicuous ridges; pyrenes 4............... 67. L. laxifloroideus</p><p>49. Branchlets, leaves beneath and peduncles thinly pubescent or glabrous; nerves 7–8 pairs; cymes bifurcate; flowers sessile, 5-merous; calyx lobes oblong, 3–4 mm long; drupes with 5 ridges; pyrenes 5......... 110. L. scalariformis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C480D00FFEB4F14FD317FF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C4A0D0DFFE84F90FA6F7AC1.text	1664BC603C4A0D0DFFE84F90FA6F7AC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nudiflorae Hook. f. 1880	<div><p>Sect. III. Nudiflorae Hook.f. (1880) 184. —</p><p>Type: Lasianthus blumianus Wight</p><p>Key to the species</p><p>1. Cymes very shortly peduncled;branchlets conspicuously sulcate; leaves large, coriaceous, 18– 25 by 5 – 8 cm; calyx obconic-cupular, truncate or minutely 4-toothed.................................... 95. L. pergamaceus</p><p>1. Cymes sessile or tuberculate; branchlets not sulcate; leaves various; calyx various.................... 2</p><p>2. Leaves less than 3 cm long......... 10. L. bifloroideus</p><p>2. Leaves more than 3 cm long..................... 3</p><p>3. Leaves linear, 10–14 by 0.9–1.8 cm, long-caudate at the apex, glabrous................... 70. L. linearifolius</p><p>3. Leaves otherwise.............................. 4</p><p>4. Leaves with conspicuously looped venation; branchlets and leaves glabrous except sometimes puberulous nerves beneath..................................... 5</p><p>4. Leaves without looped venation; branchlets and leaves glabrous or hairy.............................. 7</p><p>5. Leaves lanceolate, nerves 9–12 pairs; drupes puberulous and slightly warty............. 16. L. brochidodromus</p><p>5. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate; nerves less than 9 pairs; drupes glabrous and conspicuously warty...... 6</p><p>6. Leaves subrounded at the base; nerves 6 – 8 pairs; drupes with conspicuous 8 ridges; pyrenes with 2 furrows on the abaxial face.............. 77. L. membranaceoideus</p><p>6. Leaves acute to cuneate at the base; nerves 3–4 pairs; drupes with 3–4 obtuse ridges; pyrenes without furrow on the abaxial face................ 63. L. kinabaluensis</p><p>7. Flowers on pedicels 2 mm long or more............ 8</p><p>7. Flowers sessile or subsessile pedicels less than 1 mm long....................................... 13</p><p>8. Leaves thinly membranaceous; nervules weak, inconspicuous; stipules broadly ovate.. 120. L. submembranifolius</p><p>8. Leaves chartaceous to thickly coriaceous; nervules conspicuous; stipules otherwise..................... 9</p><p>9. Leaves elliptic, oblong-elliptic or oblong, large, 4.5–8 cm broad...................................... 10</p><p>9. Leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, less than 4 cm broad.......................... 11</p><p>10. Leaves chartaceous or subcoriaceous with acute bases........................... 14. L. brevipedicellatus</p><p>10. Leaves thickly coriaceous with subrounded bases.................................... 129. L. vriesianus</p><p>11. Leaves; nervules reticulate; pedicels 8 –10 mm long; drupes verrucose, c. 6 mm diam, with 4 conspicuous obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4....................... 101. L. purpureus</p><p>11. Leaves; nervules parallel; pedicels 2– 3 mm long; drupes 3–4 mm diam, with 4–5 (smooth) or 7–8 (verrucose) obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5 or 7–8................. 12</p><p>12. Stipules less than 1 mm long; calyx with triangular teeth; drupes smooth, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5................................ 92. L. pedicellatus</p><p>12. Stipules 3–4 mm long; calyx truncate; drupes verrucose, with 7–8 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 7–8... 87. L. oblongus</p><p>13. Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5 – 6 times longer than broad, longer than 12 cm ................................. 14</p><p>13. Leaves otherwise............................ 17</p><p>14. Plants densely tomentose; leaves 23–25 by 3–4 cm; nerves 16–18 pairs; calyx with 7–8 lanceolate lobes.......................................... 41. L. eriocalyx</p><p>14. Branchlets glabrous or pubescent; leaves 9–19 by 1.5–3 cm; nerves less than 15 pairs; calyx with 4–5 teeth or with an almost truncate limb........................ 15</p><p>15. Nerves 7 pairs; stipules narrowly triangular, c. 4 mm long; calyx almost truncate or minutely 5-toothed...................................... 1. L. acuminatissimus</p><p>15. Nerves 8–14 pairs; stipules triangular, 2–3 mm long; calyx with 4–5 conspicuous teeth.................... 16</p><p>16. Branchlets glabrous; leaves with densely hirsute margin; nerves 8 –11; petioles 12–15 mm long.......................................... 57. L. hirtimarginatus</p><p>16. Branchlets densely appressed-pubescent; leaves without hirsute margin; nerves 12–14 pairs; petioles 4–5 mm long............................... 3. L. angustifolius</p><p>17. Drupes usually with 2 pyrenes (only in Borneo)..... 18</p><p>17. Drupes with 3 or more pyrenes.................. 20</p><p>18. Leaves membranaceous; drupes ovoid, very rugose, without cork-like structure between pyrenes; pyrenes rugose on the abaxial face........... 78. L. membranaceus</p><p>18. Leaves coriaceous; drupes ellipsoid, smooth, with cork-like structure between pyrenes; pyrenes smooth on the abaxial face....................................... 19</p><p>19. Plants glabrous; leaves with subrounded base, nervules conspicuously prominent on both surfaces; petioles 5 –7 mm long; stipules c. 2 mm long; calyx tube 3 mm long, not expanded at limb................. 84. L. nigrescens</p><p>19. Branchlets, midrib and nerves beneath and stipules puberulous; leaves with cuneate base; nervules depressed or flat above, prominent beneath; petioles 1–1.5 cm long; stipules 4–6 mm long; calyx tube c. 1 mm long, limb c. 1–1.5 mm long, more or less expanded.......................................... 109. L. sabahensis</p><p>20. Plants spreading stiffly hirsute; leaves with subrounded and oblique base; nerves 10–12 pairs; stipules narrowly triangular or lanceolate, 4–5 mm long... 2. L. acutatus</p><p>20. Plant otherwise.............................. 21</p><p>21. Stipules ovate or ovate-triangular or triangular with a swollen base and a membranaceous margin, 3–6 mm long 22</p><p>21. Stipules otherwise............................ 24</p><p>22. Branchlets, leaves, stipules and calyx densely spreading villose; calyx with triangular lobes; drupes villose.......................................... 58. L. hirtus</p><p>22. Branchlets, leaf midrib and nerves beneath (on lower surface), stipules and calyx thinly puberulous or glabrous; calyx subtruncate, with 4–5 minute teeth at the apex; drupes subglabrous or glabrous................. 23</p><p>23. Branchlets, leaf midrib and nerves beneath, stipules and calyx thinly puberulous; leaves with acuminate-caudate apex; nervules obscure above, subparallel; calyx urceolate; drupes with 6 – 9 pyrenes......... 115. L. stercorarius</p><p>23. Branchlets (except the youngest part), leaf midrib and nerves beneath and calyx quite glabrous; leaves with caudate apex; nervules distinct above, parallel; calyx shortly cupular; drupes with 4–5 pyrenes... 130. L. vulcanicus</p><p>24. Stipules longer than 6 mm ...................... 25</p><p>24. Stipules shorter than 6 mm ..................... 29</p><p>25. Stipules broadly triangular or oblong-ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous, glabrous or pubescent, persistent; drupes with sharp ridges....................... 26</p><p>25. Stipules lanceolate, triangular-lanceolate, linear-lanceolate or subulate, chartaceous, hirsute or strigose, often deciduous; drupes without sharp ridges................ 27</p><p>26. Stipules appressed-pubescent; leaves 12–16 by 3–4.5 cm; nerves 9–12 pairs; nervules subparallel; petioles 2– 3 mm long; calyx lobes triangular-lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm long; drupes 8–10-ridged; pyrenes 4–5.... 127. L. venosus</p><p>26. Stipules glabrous; leaves 20 –33 by 6–11 cm; nerves 13–18 pairs; nervules reticulate; petioles 5 –10 mm long; calyx cupular with minutely teeth at the apex; drupes 6-ridged; pyrenes 6........................ 72. L. longifolius</p><p>27. Nervules parallel; calyx lobes 4; ovary 4-locular................................... 125. L. trichophlebus</p><p>27. Nervules reticulate to subreticulate; calyx lobes 5; ovary 5-locular................................... 28</p><p>28. Nerves 11 pairs; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 6–7 mm long, hirsute................... 90. L. palawanensis</p><p>28. Nerves 6–8 pairs; stipules subulate, 8 mm long, appressed-pubescent....................... 91. L. papuanus</p><p>29. Stipules 4–5 mm ............................. 30</p><p>29. Stipules shorter than 4 mm ..................... 32</p><p>30. Leaves very large, 20– 32 by 6 –10 cm; nerves 10 –12 pairs; calyx 7–8 mm long, lobes oblong, 4–5 mm long................................ 99. L. pseudolongifolius</p><p>30. Leaves less than 20 cm long; nerves 6 –7 pairs; calyx shorter than 5 mm, with minute teeth or lobes triangular-subulate................................... 31</p><p>31. Branchlets densely appressed-pubescent; nervules parallel; calyx lobes 5 –7, triangular-subulate, as long as the tube; pyrenes 5 –7............. 114. L. solomonensis</p><p>31. Branchlets sparsely spreading hirsute; nervules subreticulate; calyx limb minutely toothed at the apex; pyrenes 4.............................. 21. L. chlorocarpus</p><p>32. Flowers 4-merous; calyx constricted at the base; drupes ellipsoid or ovoid, very rugose, narrowed at the base; pyrenes 1–4, deeply furrowed on the abaxial face... 33</p><p>32. Flowers 4–5-merous; calyx not constricted at base; drupes globose or subglobose, verrucose or smooth, not narrowed at the base; pyrenes 4 or more, not deeply furrowed on the abaxial face................................. 35</p><p>33. Branchlets and leaves almost glabrous; leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous; cymes conspicuously tuberculate (short congested peduncles, up to 5 mm long); calyx with 4 triangular lobes; the lobes c. 1 mm long; corolla tube slender, more than 5 mm long.......... 27. L. congesticymus</p><p>33. Branchlets and leaf nerves beneath more or less appressed puberulous, pubescent or strigose; leaves coriaceous; cymes sessile or shortly tuberculate; calyx truncate or minutely toothed or with minutely triangular lobes; corolla tube stout, less than 3 mm long................. 34</p><p>34. Branchlets thinly puberulous or sparsely strigose; leaves 8–13 by 3–4 cm; nervules 3–6 pairs; petioles 4–5 mm long; cymes sessile; calyx truncate or minutely toothed................................ 29. L. constrictus</p><p>34. Branchlets densely appressed-pubescent; leaves 19–26 by 6– 9 cm; nerves 6 –7 pairs; petioles 5 –10; cymes shortly tuberculate; calyx with 4 minutely triangular lobes.................................... 102. L. reticulatus</p><p>35. Calyx with a cupular limb, truncate or minutely toothed at the apex................................... 36</p><p>35. Calyx with conspicuously lobes................. 39</p><p>36. Leaves 18– 30 cm long.............. 7. L. baasianus</p><p>36. Leaves less than 18 cm long.................... 37</p><p>37. Plant glabrous; leaves chartaceous; petioles c. 2.5 – 3.5 mm long; drupes without an enlarged cupular calyx................................... 28. L. conspicuus</p><p>37. Branchlets and leaf venation beneath pubescent or puberulous; leaves coriaceous; petioles longer that 5 mm, drupes with an enlarged cupular calyx............ 38</p><p>38. Leaves with conspicuously reticulate nervules; nerves 10– 12 pairs; petioles 10–15 mm long; drupes 5 –6-ridged................................. 118. L. subaureus</p><p>38. Leaves with parallel nervules; nerves 5– 9; petioles 5–10 mm long; drupes without ridges.... 128. L. verticillatus</p><p>39. Calyx divided to the base, or calyx lobes conspicuously longer than the calyx tube...................... 40</p><p>39. Calyx not cleft to the base, calyx lobes shorter than the calyx tube or just as long as the calyx tube........ 48</p><p>40. Calyx lobes oblong, obtuse at the apex 12. L. borneensis</p><p>40. Calyx lobes lanceolate or lanceolate-triangular, acuminate or acute at the apex.......................... 41</p><p>41. Leaves large, more than 12 cm long.... 66. L. latifolius</p><p>41. Leaves relatively small, usually less than 12 cm long........................................... 42</p><p>42. Leaves glabrous or glabrous except appressed-hirsute or sparsely hirsute midrib and nerves and/or margin beneath; branchlets glabrous or sparsely hirsute or more or less appressed-hirsute; calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate with a long-acuminate apex or oblong; drupes glabrous or sparsely hirsute.................................. 43</p><p>42. Leaves very hairy beneath; branchlets very hairy but not appressed-hirsute; calyx lobes broadly lanceolate, usually acute at the apex; drupes hairy.................. 45</p><p>43. Leaves ovate or ovate-elliptic, usually caudate at the apex; nervules parallel; flowers 5-merous; calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate with a long acuminate apex; drupes smooth, without ridges; pyrenes 5............. 73. L. lucidus</p><p>43. Leaves otherwise in shape; nervules reticulate; flowers 4-merous; calyx lobes lanceolate or oblong; drupes with 4 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4..................... 44</p><p>44. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1.2–1.5 cm broad, without a marginal vein; nerves 7–9 pairs; stipules subulate-triangular, c. 1 mm long; bracts 2, subulate, 2 – 3 mm long, spreading hirsute; calyx 2 mm long, sparsely spreading hirsute; calyx lobes lanceolate, 1.2 mm long; drupes globose, smooth on the external surface...................................... 105. L. ridsdalei</p><p>44. Leaves ovate-elliptic, 2–3.5 cm broad, with an obscure marginal vein; nerves 4–5 pairs; stipules very small, triangular, c. 0.5 mm long; bracts absent; calyx c. 4.5 mm long, puberulous; calyx lobes oblong, 3 mm long; drupes subglobose, verrucose on the external surface......................................... 48. L. floresensis</p><p>45. Leaves ovate-oblong, ovate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate usually cuspidate at the apex; midrib glabrous above; flowers 5-merous; drupes with 5 pyrenes.......... 46</p><p>45. Leaves usually lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex; midrib hairy above; flowers 4-merous; drupes with 4 pyrenes.................................. 47</p><p>46. Branchlets densely tomentose; leaves ovate-oblong to oblong, tomentose beneath; nervules parallel; stipules triangular, 2 – 3 mm long; calyx not divided to the base; calyx tube c. 1 mm long; calyx lobes 1.5– 2 mm long; drupes tomentose..................... 124. L. tomentosus</p><p>46. Branchlets densely spreading villose; leaves elliptic-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, softly villose beneath; nervules subparallel; stipules inconspicuous; calyx divided to the base; calyx lobes up to 5 mm long; drupes hirsute........................................ 35. L. curtisii</p><p>47. Branchlets relatively slender, densely appressed-hirsute; leaves beneath and midrib above densely appressed-pubescent; bracts absent.......... 54. L. hexandrus</p><p>47. Branchlets relatively robust, densely and coarsely spreading hirsute; leaves beneath and midrib above densely and coarsely spreading hirsute; bracts linear, 3 – 6 mm long.............................. 25. L. chrysotrichus</p><p>48. Branchlets and leaves glabrous and darkish when dry; leave subrounded or rounded, thickly coriaceous, 3–6 by 2–4.5 cm, rounded or subcordate at the base; venation very distinct on both surfaces; nerves 5 pairs; flowers 4-merous; calyx campanulate with 4 broadly triangular teeth; drupes with 4 pyrenes (only in Borneo)...... 108. L. rotundatus</p><p>48. Plant otherwise.............................. 49</p><p>49. Branchlets and leaves spreading villose; leaves linear-oblong, thinly chartaceous; drupes oblate-globose, glabrous, smooth, with 7–8 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 7–8.................................. 123. L. tenuifolius</p><p>49. Branchlets, leaves and drupes otherwise.......... 50</p><p>50. Leaves with conspicuously reticulate or subreticulate nervules...................................... 51</p><p>50. Leaves with parallel or subparallel nervules........ 64</p><p>51. Leaves lanceolate, 12–14 by 2.5–3 cm, caudate-acuminate at the apex; nerves 10–11 pairs; stipules broadly triangular, 3–4 mm, black and glabrous; calyx campanulate, 2–2.5 mm long, glabrous external surface, long yellowish hairy internal side, minutely 5– 6-toothed at the apex; drupes globose, verrucose; pyrenes 5 – 6..... 62. L. iteophyllus</p><p>51. Plant otherwise.............................. 52</p><p>52. Branchlets and leaves beneath glabrous or thinly puberulous; leaves linear-lanceolate, with rounded and asymmetric base, 8–14 by 1.5–3 cm; petioles 1 cm long; stipules very small, triangular, c. 1 mm long; calyx limb with 5 subulate-triangular, c. 0.5 mm long teeth; drupes without ridges; pyrenes 4................. 17. L. bruneensis</p><p>52. Plant otherwise.............................. 53</p><p>53. Branchlets glabrous or subglabrous; leaves thickly coriaceous, glabrous or subglabrous; drupes with 8 ridges 54</p><p>53. Branchlets more or less hairy; leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, more or less hairy on venation beneath; drupes with 4–6 ridges or without conspicuous ridges...... 55</p><p>54. Leaves lanceolate, 12–19 cm long; stipules subulate, c. 2 mm long, puberulous; calyx densely puberulous; calyx lobes ovate, c. 1 mm long; drupes puberulous........................................ 5. L. atroneurus</p><p>54. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or oblong, 9–11 cm long; stipules triangular, c. 3 mm long, glabrous; calyx glabrous or sparsely puberulous; calyx lobes ovate-oblong, c. 2 mm long; drupes glabrous........... 31. L. coriaceifolius</p><p>55. Branchlets, leaves both surfaces, stipules and calyx densely dark-brown hispid; leaves subrounded and slightly asymmetric at the base; calyx lobes 5, ovate-triangular, 1.5 by 1.5 mm, as long as the calyx tube 111. L. setulosus</p><p>55. Plant otherwise.............................. 56</p><p>56. Leaves relatively large, longer than 15 cm, broader than 4 cm; petioles longer than 1 cm; calyx 5–7 mm long, with 4–6 triangular-ovate to orbicular reflexed lobes; drupes with 5 –6 ridges................... 20. L. chinensis</p><p>56. Leaves less than 15 cm long and 4 cm broad; petioles less than 1 cm long; calyx less than 5 mm long; calyx lobes otherwise; drupes without ridges................. 57</p><p>57. Nerves more than 10 pairs; petioles 2 – 5 mm long... 58</p><p>57. Nerves less than 10 pairs; petioles 5 – 8 mm long.... 61</p><p>58. Branchlets and petioles appressed-pubescent or puberulous; calyx with minute teeth...... 81. L. mucronulatus</p><p>58. Branchlets and petioles densely brownish tomentose; calyx with conspicuously lobes....................... 59</p><p>59. Leaves longer than 12 cm; nerves 14–18 pairs; petioles 5 mm long; drupes densely brownish tomentose....................................... 44. L. ferrugineus</p><p>59. Leaves shorter than 12 cm; nerves 10–13 pairs; petioles c. 2 mm long; drupes pubescent or glabrous....... 60</p><p>60. Leaves rugose, puberulous both surfaces or only beneath, acute or caudate-cuspidate at the apex, undulate at margin; reticulate nervules obscure above; stipules subulate-triangular, densely tomentose; calyx with an obconic tube and a shortly campanulate limb..... 126. L. undulatus</p><p>60. Leaves smooth, tomentose on midrib and nerves both surfaces, acuminate at the apex, not undulate at the margin; reticulate nervules conspicuous above; stipules broadly triangular, glabrous; calyx otherwise.. 131. L. wightianus</p><p>61. Stipules 1.5– 3 mm long; pyrenes 6 119. L. subglobosus</p><p>61. Stipules less than 1.5 mm long; pyrenes 4–5....... 62</p><p>62. Nerves 5 pairs; calyx campanulate; calyx lobes ovate-triangular, 1.5 –2 mm long........ 55. L. hirsutisepalus</p><p>62. Nerves more than 6 pairs; calyx obconical or campanulate-cupular; calyx lobes triangular, 1 mm long or calyx minutely 5-toothed................................... 63</p><p>63. Branchlets densely appressed-hirsute; leaves villose beneath; midrib depressed and hirsute above; petioles densely appressed-hirsute; stipules 1 mm long, appressed-hirsute; calyx obconic, densely villose; calyx lobes triangular, 1 mm long, villose both surfaces; drupes villose. 61. L. iteoides</p><p>63. Young branchlets puberulous, later glabrescent; leaves appressed-pubescent on midrib and nerves beneath; midrib slightly prominent and glabrous above; petioles subglabrous; stipules c. 1.5 mm long, puberulous; calyx campanulate-cupular, puberulous, minutely 5-toothed; drupes glabrous...................... 74. L. malaccensis</p><p>64. Branchlets and leaves glabrous; leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, cymes subsessile or shortly tuberculate; flowers extremely small; calyx c. 1 mm long .. ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 65</p><p>64. Plant otherwise.............................. 66</p><p>65. Leaves 8–12 by 2–3.5 cm; nerves 4–5 pairs; calyx glabrous or sparsely puberulous; drupes oblate-globose, strongly warty; pyrenes with irregular sharp ridges.................................. 96. L. phymatodeus</p><p>65. Leaves 15– 28 by 3.5– 5 cm; nerves 7–10 pairs; calyx densely hirsute; drupes globose, smooth; pyrenes smooth on the abaxial face.................. 79. L. minutiflorus</p><p>66. Branchlets and leaf venation beneath densely appressed-pubescent; leaf midrib depressed above and strongly elevated beneath; calyx cupular-campanulate, 3–4 mm long; calyx lobes 5, ovate-triangular, curved inward, 1–1.5 mm long; drupes conspicuously 4–5-ridged......................................... 47. L. flavinervius</p><p>66. Plant otherwise.............................. 67</p><p>67. Leaves relatively large, more than 5 cm broad; drupes 10–12 ridged.................... 94. L. perakensis</p><p>67. Leaves relatively small, less than 5 cm broad; drupes with obtuse 4 ridges or smooth...................... 68</p><p>68. Leaves less than 7.5 cm long, coriaceous; flowers 4-merous; drupes with 4 pyrenes..................... 69</p><p>68. Plant otherwise.............................. 70</p><p>69. Branchlets, leaf midrib and nerves beneath and petioles tomentose, calyx densely tomentose; drupes without ridges................................. 83. L. nervosus</p><p>69. Branchlets, leaf midrib and nerves and petioles glabrous or thinly puberulous; calyx pubescent; drupes with 4 ridges................................ 82. L. myrtifolius</p><p>70. Branchlets sparsely appressed-hirsute to glabrous; leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, 8 –13 by 2.5 – 3.5 cm, glabrous or sparsely hirsute on nerves beneath; nerves 6 – 9; nervules subparallel; stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, coriaceous; calyx lobes 4, triangular, c. 2 mm long; drupes with 5 pyrenes................. 116. L. sterrophyllus</p><p>70. Plant otherwise.............................. 71</p><p>71. Branchlets, leaves beneath, petioles, stipules and calyx densely brown-tomentose; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 9 –15 by 2 – 3.5 cm; nerves 6 –8 pairs; nervules parallel; petioles c. 1 cm long; stipules c. 2 mm long; calyx tube c. 1 mm long, the lobes triangular; drupes smooth, sparsely tomentose, with 4–5 pyrenes.. 22. L. chryseus</p><p>71. Plant otherwise.............................. 72</p><p>72. Branchlets and leaf midrib and nerves beneath densely appressed-pubescent; leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 5–10 by 1.5–4 cm, coriaceous; nerves 7–8 pairs; nervules densely anastomosing, parallel, distinct on both surfaces; stipules c. 1 mm long; flowers 4-merous; calyx limb dish-like, truncate or minutely 4-toothed; drupes with 4 pyrenes.................................. 42. L. euneurus</p><p>72. Plant otherwise.............................. 73</p><p>73. Leaves oblong, 10–15 cm long; nerves 9 –11 pairs; petioles 1–1.5 mm long; calyx 3–4 mm long; calyx lobes triangular, 1–1.5 mm long................... 43. L. fasciculus</p><p>73. Leaves elliptic, ovate-oblong less than 10 cm long; nerves 4–6 pairs; petioles shorter than 1 cm; calyx less than 3 mm long; calyx teeth less 1 mm long............. 74</p><p>74. Branches and leaf nerves beneath glabrous or sparsely pubescent; calyx sparsely pubescent; drupes glabrous..................................... 49. L. fordii</p><p>74. Branches and leaves beneath densely villose or pubescent; calyx densely villous or pubescent; drupes pubescent or hirsute..................................... 75</p><p>75. Branches, leaves beneath and calyx densely spreading villose; drupes hirsute.............. 59. L. hispidulus</p><p>75. Branches, leaves beneath and calyx more or less appressed-pubescent; drupes appressed-pubescent..................................... 26. L. clementis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C4A0D0DFFE84F90FA6F7AC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C470D0DFCA24ADBFBF27FB7.text	1664BC603C470D0DFCA24ADBFBF27FB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus acuminatissimus Merr.	<div><p>1. Lasianthus acuminatissimus Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus acuminatissimus Merr. (1922) 467; (1923) 565. — Lectotype (designated here): Bur. Sci. 38058 (Ramos &amp; Edaňo) (lecto K; isolecto P, US), Philippines, Luzon, Bontoc, Mt Caua, 1800 m .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 1 m high; branchlets terete, 2– 3 mm diam, brown, minutely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades narrowly lanceolate, 9–19 by 1.5 – 3 cm, chartaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, apex caudate-acuminate, base acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent and appressed-pubescent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent and appressed-pubescent beneath, 7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–50°, nervules distinct on both surfaces, puberulous beneath, subreticulate; petioles 5 –7 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Stipules narrowly triangular to linear-lanceolate with an acuminate apex, c. 4 mm long. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, fascicled; calyx 2.5 – 3 mm long, slightly puberulous; calyx limb cupular with 5 minute teeth; corolla tube cylindrical, c. 5 mm long, pubescent outside, glabrous inside in the lower half, villous in the upper half; corolla lobes 3 mm long, oblong, villous inside; anthers oblong, c. 2.2 mm long; style 6 mm long; ovary 5-locular. Fruits unknown.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to the Philippines.</p><p>Note — This species is highly similar to L. morus Elmer in absence of assessment of relationships. It has similar calyx, stipules and indumentums to the latter, but differs in having narrowly lanceolate and chartaceous leaf blades with an elongated caudate-acuminate apex, and subreticulate nervules. Only the type specimen is known.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C470D0DFCA24ADBFBF27FB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C470D0CFCA24E56FB3A7CB1.text	1664BC603C470D0CFCA24E56FB3A7CB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus acutatus Miq.	<div><p>2. Lasianthus acutatus Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus acutatus Miq. (1861) 549. — Type: Teysmann s.n., HB4011 (holo U), Sumatra, Moeara Enim, Palembang .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, spreading hirsute, brown. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 12–15 by 3–4 cm, subcoriaceous, spreading hirsute hairs on both surfaces, denser beneath and no midrib, apex acute to shortly caudate, base subrounded and oblique, midrib and nerves slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, 10–12 pairs, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely spreading hirsute. Stipules triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4–5 mm long, spreading hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile. Drupes crowned by 5 lanceolate calyx lobes, hirsute; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Sumatra.</p><p>Note — Miquel (1869) sank this species to L. mucronulatus . However, it differs from L. mucronulatus in having spreading stiff hairs on branches, leaves and stipules, and triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate stipules which are 4–5 mm long. Lasianthus mucronulatus has appressed-pubescence on branches, leaf nerves beneath and stipules, and small triangular stipules. Lasianthus acutatus differs from L. stercorarius in having spreading stiff hairs on branches, leaves and stipules too, and triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate stipules without a swollen base. Lasianthus acutatus is probably a rare species, and is known only from the type specimen.</p><p>5 mm</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C470D0CFCA24E56FB3A7CB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4BEFFE1F7F14.text	1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4BEFFE1F7F14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus angustifolius King & Gamble	<div><p>3. Lasianthus angustifolius King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthusangustifolius King&amp;Gamble(1904) 126;Ridl.(1923a)161;K.M. Wong (1989) 368. — Type: Wray 413 (holo n.v.; iso L), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 4500 ft.</p><p>Lasianthus salicifolius Ridl. (1909) 35; (1923a) 166; K. M. Wong (1989) 367, syn.nov.— Type: Ridley 14008 (holo SING), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, 5000 ft.</p><p>Small trees, up to 4.5 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 12–15 by 1.5 –2 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous above except densely tomentose midrib, glabrous beneath except appressed-pubescent midrib and nerves, apex long-caudate to caudate-acuminate, base cuneate, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 12–14 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules faint on the upper surface, distinct on the lower surface, reticulate; petioles 4–5 mm long, hirsute. Stipules triangular to triangular-lanceolate, 2–3 mm long, glabrous except ciliate margins. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx tubular-campanulate, c. 2 mm long, appressed-pubescent on both sides, with 5 triangular-acuminate teeth, calyx teeth c. 0.5 mm long; corolla tubular, 5 mm long, tube glabrous on both sides; lobes 5, triangular-lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long, appressed-pubescent on both sides; anthers narrowly oblong. Drupes ovoid-globose, c. 4 mm diam, sparsely pubescent, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5, abaxially rugose.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus angustifolius is close to L. hirtimarginatus, but differs from the latter in having densely appressed-pubescent branchlets, narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate leaves with densely pubescent midrib above and 12–14 pairs of nerves, petioles 4–5 mm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4BEFFE1F7F14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4FF2FD027C5A.text	1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4FF2FD027C5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus appressus Hook. f.	<div><p>4. Lasianthus appressus Hook.f.</p><p>Lasianthus appressus Hook. (1880) 181; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 121; Ridl. (1923a) 156; Craib (1934) 207; K.M. Wong (1989) 371; H. Zhu (2001b) 122. —</p><p>Type: Griffith 2927 (lecto K, designated here), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 1.5 m high; branches and branchlets terete, densely appressed-hirsute. Leaves: blades relatively small, lanceolate, 6 – 8 by 2 –2.5 cm, subcoriaceous, pale shining and glabrous above when dry except the hairy midrib, hirsute on midrib and nerves as well as nervules beneath, apex acute to acuminate, base acute to cuneate, midrib and nerves slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 35–40°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 4–5 mm long hirsute. Stipules very small, inconspicuous. Cymes sessile; bracts linear-lanceolate to subulate, up to 5 mm long, dense hirsute. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, pubescent outside, calyx tube c. 1 mm long, calyx lobes 4, triangular, 1 mm long; corolla tube 5 mm long, pubescent in upper part outside, corolla lobes 4, lanceolate, 2 mm long, pubescent both sides. Drupes small, 2–3 mm diam, subglobose, crowned by the triangular hirsute calyx-teeth, glabrous; pyrenes 8.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4FF2FD027C5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4C30FB1A7F6D.text	1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4C30FB1A7F6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus atroneurus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>5. Lasianthus atroneurus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 1</p><p>Similis L. chinensis Benth., sed foliis crasse coriaceis, lobis calycis 4, pyrenis 4 differt. Similis to L. pergamaceus King &amp; Gamble, sed cymis sessilis, foliis lanceolatis, lobis calycis ovatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Van Balgooy &amp; Van Setten 5396 (holo L), Borneo, W Kalimantan, Gunung Palung, 1000 m alt., in montane forest of summit ridge on granite, 12 June 1986 .</p><p>Treelet, 3 m high; branchlets robust, c. 3 mm diam, compressed, fistulous, subglabrous, dark brown in the youngest part. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 12–19 by 3.5–4.3 cm, thickly coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous to glabrescent beneath, apex acute, the base cuneate midrib flat to slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, dark brown and puberulous or glabrescent beneath, nerves slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, 7–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to margin, dark brown and puberulous or glabrescent beneath, nervules conspicuously prominent on both surfaces, reticulate, puberulous or glabrescent beneath, margin conspicuously recurved; petioles 5–10 mm long, puberulous and dark in colour. Stipules subulate, c. 2 mm long, puberulous. Inflorescences axillary, sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx tubular-cupular, c. 4 mm long, densely puberulous external surface, calyx lobes 4, ovate, c. 1 mm long, slightly folded; corolla not seen. Drupes ellipsoid, c. 5 mm diam, puberulous, with 8 ridges (alternately 4 obtuse and 4 acute), crowned by persistent shortly cupular calyx limbs with ovate lobes; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Kalimantan).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forests on ridge top on granite soil at c. 1000 m altitude. Fruiting between March and June.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Kalimantan, Gunung Palung, 1°12'S, 110°8'E, 1000 m alt., T. G. Laman et al. TL801 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This species has conspicuously reticulate nervules and a tubular calyx with slightly folded ovate lobes, which points to relationship with L. chinensis, but differs from the latter in having thickly coriaceous leaves, calyx with 4 lobes and drupes with 4 pyrenes. It is similar to L. pergamaceus, but differs in having sessile cymes, lanceolate leaves and ovate calyx lobes, while L. pergamaceus has shortly peduncled cymes, oblong-elliptic leaves and truncate calyx limbs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C410D0BFFEB4C30FB1A7F6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C410D0BFCA24F29FA6F7E34.text	1664BC603C410D0BFCA24F29FA6F7E34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus attenuatus Jack	<div><p>6. Lasianthus attenuatus Jack</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Leaves oblong, more than 2 cm broad; stipules triangular or ovate-lanceolate, 2– 3 mm long; bracts 6–15 mm long; corolla 10–12 mm long............. a. var. attenuatus</p><p>1. Leaves linear-oblong, less than 2 cm broad; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 5– 8 mm long; bracts 5 mm long; corolla 8 mm long........................... b. var. minor</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C410D0BFCA24F29FA6F7E34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C410D08FCA24ED5FDB17AFD.text	1664BC603C410D08FCA24ED5FDB17AFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus attenuatus var. attenuatus Jack	<div><p>a. var. attenuatus — Map 2</p><p>Lasianthus attenuatus Jack (1823) 126; Valeton (1927) 107; Merr. (1952) 229; Bakh.f. (1965) 338; K.M. Wong (1989) 367, p.p.; H. Zhu (2002) 72. — Mephitidia attenuata (Jack) DC. (1830) 452; Korth. (1851) 219. — Type: Jack s.n. (holo n.t.; iso L, barcode L0000674), Sumatra (Bencoolen).</p><p>Nonatelia? hispida Wall. ex Roxb. (1824) 187. — Mephitidia wallichii Wight &amp; Arn. (1834) 390, in nota, nom. superfl. — Lasianthus wallichii (Wight &amp; Arn.) Wight (1846) 503; Hook.f. (1880) 180; Matsum. (1901) 16; Prain (1903) 576; Pit. (1924) 387; Craib (1934) 220; Hara &amp; Gould (1979) 204; Wu (1984) 1259; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 307; H. Zhu (1994) 56; (1998) 157; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 295, pl. 133; H.S. Lo (1999) 73, pl. 18: 1–7; H. Zhu (2001b) 146,nom. superfl. — Type: De Silva s.n. ex Wall. Cat. 8442 (holo K), India, Silhet.</p><p>Mephitidia attenuata Jack var. glabra Korth. (1851) 220. — Type: Korthals (n.v.), Sumatra, Singalang .</p><p>Lasianthus densifolius Miq.(1857) 321; Craib (1934) 210; K.M. Wong (1989) 368, p.p. — Lectotype (here designated): Junghuhn s.n. (lecto L, barcode L0000679), Java, Ungaran.</p><p>Lasianthus plagiophyllus Hance (1875) 196;T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 147, f. 16. — Mephitidia plagiophylla (Hance) Nakai (1927) 529. — Lasianthus wallichii (Wight &amp; Arn.) Wight subsp. plagiophyllus (Hance) Wu &amp; H.Zhu in Zhu (1994) 57. — Type: Hance 18438 (holo BM, iso K), China, Hongkong.</p><p>Lasianthus densifolius Miq. var. calycinus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 122; Ridl. (1923a) 153. — Type: Ridley 5679 (n.v.), Singapore.</p><p>Lasianthus densifolius Miq. var. latifolia King &amp; Gamble (1904) 122; Ridl. (1923a) 153. — Type: Ridley 10948 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1989; isolecto K), Peninsular Malaysia, Johore.</p><p>Lasianthus brachyphyllus K.Schum. (1905) 399; Valeton (1927) 106, syn. nov. — Type: Nyman n. 678 (n.v.), New Guinea.</p><p>Lasianthus copelandi Elmer (1906b) 10;Merr.(1907) 306; Elmer (1913) 1869; Merr. (1923) 566,syn. nov. — Type: E.B. Copeland s.n. (n.v.), Philippines, Negros.</p><p>Lasianthus bordeni Elmer (1906b) 11. — Type: Elmer 6977 (iso E, K), Philippines, Luzon, Bataan.</p><p>Lasianthus tonkinensis (Drake) Pit. (1924) 376. — Mephitidia tonkinensis Drake (1895) 240. — Type: Balansa 2656 (holo P; iso K), Tonkin, Bavi .</p><p>Lasianthus attenuatus Jack var. subsessilis Valeton (1927) 108, syn. nov. — Type: Schlechter 17334 (holo B†), New Guinea.</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m tall; branches and branchlets usually densely tomentose or sometimes setose. Leaves: blades oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-ovate, 5 –12 by 2.5 – 5 cm, membranaceous or subcoriaceous, subglabrous or hairy or tomentose beneath, rarely on both sides, apex acute to cuspidate-acuminate, base more or less oblique, slightly cordate, rarely rounded, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 6– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, nervules subparallel, conspicuous beneath; petioles 1– 3 mm long, tomentose. Stipules triangular or ovate-lanceolate, 2 – 3 mm long, densely tomentose. Inflorescences cymose, sessile, 3–4-flowered, covered by persistent bracts; bracts subulate to lanceolate, 6 –15 mm long, tomentose. Flowers sessile, 10–15 mm long; calyx campanulate, 2 – 3 mm long, hirsute, with 5 triangular teeth, hirsute; corolla 10–12 mm long, 5-lobed, sparsely hirsute outside, villous inside. Drupes globose or ovoid, 5 –10 mm diam, crowned with lanceolate, hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, China, S Japan, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular and Borneo), Brunei, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — Jack’s type specimens were destroyed with greater part of his undistributed duplicates by fire in 1824 (Merrill 1952, Stafleu &amp; Cowan 1979). Fortunately, a specimen of L. attenuatus with Jack’s own handwriting on the label was traced in L by Merrill (1952), which greatly helps us to interpret this name. Lasianthus attenuatus is a widely distributed species in tropical Asia. Several different specific and varietal names were used by different authors. Lasianthus wallichii was used for the populations from India, Burma, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indochina, and SW China; L. plagiophyllus was used for the population from the Philippines (also L. bodinieri and L. copelandi), Taiwan, SE China; L. densifolius for the populations from Malaysia (also L. bractescens) and Java, and L. attenuatus for the one from Sumatra. In New Guinea, a variety of L. attenuatus was established (and also L. brachyphyllus). These species and varieties were recognized based mainly on variation of indumentum (e.g. hairs on both sides of leaves, on lower surface or both lower surface and midrib above), leaf-blade shapes (oblong or attenuated to the apex), length of petioles, etc. However, these characteristics vary continuously through almost the whole of its geographical area and show no clear geographically distinct groups.</p><p>Specimens that were identified as L. copelandii from the Philippines were a mixture of L. attenuatus and L. cyanocarpus . According to Merrill’s original description, L. copelandii has oblong or oblong-lanceolate leaves with acuminate apex and unequally subcordate bases, and lanceolate bracts. These match L. attenuatus better than L. cyanocarpus . Therefore, L. copelandii is considered to be conspecific with L. attenuatus although its type has not been seen.</p><p>The type of L. brachyphyllus could be in Berlin. However, there is no folder of type specimens of Lasianthus in Berlin. It was certainly destroyed in the war in 1943. From original the description and Valeton’s comments on it, L. brachyphyllus is mostly equal to L. wallichii Wight, i.e. the present L. attenuatus . After all collections from New Guinea in K and L were checked, we are sure that L. brachyphyllus is conspecific with L. attenuatus . Lasianthus densifolius var. latifolia, according to King &amp; Gamble (1904) and one syntype in SING, differs from the typical variety in having broadly oblong leaves and multi-cellular stiff hairs on both sides of leaves and branches. These characters of stiff or setose hairs on plants are found frequently in the population of L. densifolius, and are not of clear demarcation. Lasianthus densifolius var. calycinus, also from King &amp; Gamble’s description, differs from the typical variety in having leaves glabrous above except for a very few scattered appressed hairs, strigose midrib, less than 8 pairs of nerves, and the drupes crowned by calyx-lobes which are as long as the drupes. In our observations, both var. calycinus and var. latifolia cannot be separated from the typical variety. We agree with Wong (1989) who sank L. densifolius var. latifolia and var. calycinus .</p><p>Lasianthus attenuatus was often confused with L. cyanocarpus ( L. inaequalis Blume). As pointed out by Merrill (1952), it strongly resembles L. cyanocarpus except in having different bracts. Lasianthus attenuatus has linear to lanceolate bracts, while L. cyanocarpus has larger and cordate, ovate to broadly lanceolate, somewhere leaf-like bracts.</p><p>The syntype of L. densifolius in L (Junghuhn s.n.) agrees exactly with the type of L. wallichii . However, Hooker’s description and the cited specimen Wall. Cat. 8441 (K) as L. densifolius does not agree with Miquel’s type. It represents a different variety. King &amp; Gamble (1904), Ridley (1923a) and Wong (1989) followed Hooker’s conception and mixed them. Here we treat the different variety as a new variety of L. attenuatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C410D08FCA24ED5FDB17AFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C420D08FFEB4A99FDF17F2D.text	1664BC603C420D08FFEB4A99FDF17F2D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus attenuatus var. minor H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>b. var. minor H.Zhu, var. nov.</p><p>A var. attenuato foliis minoribus lineario-oblongis 2 cm latis,stipulis triangulelanceolatis 5–8 mm longis, bracteis et floribus minoribus differt. —</p><p>Typus: J.F.Maxwell 82­72 (holo L), Singapore, Nee Soon, swamp forest .</p><p>Lasianthus densifolius Miq. (1857) 321, p.p. quoad syntype: Horsfield s.n. (K), Blambangan, Java.</p><p>Lasianthus densifolius auct. non Miq.: Hook.f. (1880) 182, cited specimen Lasianthus ? Wall. Cat. 8441 in part; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 122; Ridl. (1923a) 156; K.M. Wong (1989) 368, p.p.].</p><p>This variety has relatively small linear-oblong leaves which are less than 2 cm broad, triangular-lanceolate and hirsute stipules which are 5 –8 mm long, relatively small and subulate to linear bracts which are 5 mm long, and relatively small flowers which are 8 mm long.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In swamp forest and lowland forests. Flowering and fruiting between January and March.</p><p>Note — The var. attenuatus differs from var. minor in having oblong leaves which are more than 2 cm broad, inconspicuous stipules, relatively large bracts and flowers.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C420D08FFEB4A99FDF17F2D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C420D08FFEB4FE9FAE17A9E.text	1664BC603C420D08FFEB4FE9FAE17A9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus baasianus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>7. Lasianthus baasianus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 2</p><p>Proximus L. longifolio Wight,sed ramulis, foliis subtus et calycibus puberulis, stipulis minoribus,floribus minoribus atque limbis calycis ad maturitatem fructus 2 mm longis differt.A L. pseudolongifolio H.Zhu ramulis foliisque subtus puberulis et limbis calycis cupulatis truncatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Nooteboom 4189 (holo L), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.75/lat -0.75)">Borneo,Bukit Raya</a>, 112°45'E, 0°45'S, 1300 m alt., in primary dipterocarp forest, 5 Dec. 1982 .</p><p>Treelet, 3 m high; branchlets robust, compressed or subangular, fistulous, c. 5 mm diam, pubescent to glabrescent. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong, 18 –30 by 6 –11 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, apex cuspidate, base acute to subrounded, midrib prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, puberulous beneath, nerves depressed to flat above, prominent beneath, 9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–70°, curved to the margin, puberulous beneath, nervules clear above, prominent beneath, subreticulate, puberulous beneath; petioles 1–3 cm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, 3 by 3 mm, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile, or shortly tuberculate; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx 3–4 mm long, pubescent, limb cupular, truncate or 4 minutely teeth; corolla 6–7 mm long, upper part puberulous external surface, lobes 4, lanceolate, 3 mm long, puberulous external surface, flocculous internal surface. Drupes subglobose, 5 by 6 mm, with 5 conspicuous ridges, puberulous, crowned by persistent cupular calyx limbs; calyx limbs 2 mm long; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face, subelliptic in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland primary dipterocarp forest between 100 –500 m altitude. Flowering between April and December; fruiting in January.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sarawak, Paul Chai S. 34053 (L); Central Kalimantan, J.P. Mogea et al. 4019 (L); Borneo, Bukit Raya, Veldkamp 8003 (L), Nooteboom 4735 (L); Central Kalimantan, A.C. Church et al. 888 (L), 937 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. longifolius Wight. It differs from the latter by having pubescent branchlets, leaves beneath and calyx; smaller stipules (3 by 3 mm) and relatively small flowers (up to 8 mm long); drupe crowned by 2 mm long calyx limb. While L. longifolius has glabrous branchlets, leaves and calyx; stipules up to 1 cm long; flowers up to 3 cm long; drupes crowned by 5 mm long enlarged cupular calyx limb. It differs from L. pseudolongifolius by having pubescent branchlets, leaves beneath, and cupular, truncate calyx limbs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C420D08FFEB4FE9FAE17A9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C420D08FCA2497DFA9F7D63.text	1664BC603C420D08FCA2497DFA9F7D63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus barbatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>8. Lasianthus barbatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 3</p><p>Proximus L. glabro Ridl., sed foliis lanceolatis, 1.3–2.5 cm latis, nervulis subtus conspicuis,parallelis atque stipulis et bracteis minoribus differt. —</p><p>Typus: T. Suppiah s.n. KEP 104817 (holo L), Peninsular Malaysia, Kelantan, Ulu Sat FR., in primary forest, 13 June 1968 .</p><p>Shrub, 2 mm high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, glabrous, brown. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 8 –12 by 1.3 –2.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous except sparsely hirsute nerves beneath, apex caudate, aristate, arista 2 mm long, base acuminate to acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, glabrous, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 5 – 6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to margin, sparsely hirsute beneath, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, parallel, glabrous; petioles c. 5 mm long, glabrous. Stipules ovate-triangular to broadly triangular, 4–5 by 4 mm, glabrous except barbate margin. Inflorescences axillary, sessile; bracts ovate-triangular, glabrous except barbate margin, 4–5 by 2–4 mm; bracteoles ovate-triangular, glabrous except barbate margin. Flowers fascicular, sessile. Drupes subglobose, 4–5 by 4 mm, with 5 obtuse ridges, glabrous; calyx lobes persistent, lanceolate, 1 mm long, hirsute; pyrenes 4–5, smooth on the abaxial face, sulcate on the adaxial and the side faces in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest. Fruiting in June.</p><p>Note — This species has stipules and bracts with barbate margins as L. glaber . It differs from the latter by having lanceolate leaves less than 2.5 cm broad, nervules conspicuous beneath, parallel, relatively small stipules and bracts; while L. glaber has elliptic-oblong leaves, 12–18 by 4–5.5 cm, nervules obscure on both surfaces, relatively large stipules and bracts. It is close to L. foxworthyanus, but differs from the latter by having glabrous branchlets and leaves, leaves lanceolate, nerves 5 – 6, stipules and bracts ovate-triangular, glabrous except barbate margins, drupes with 4–5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C420D08FCA2497DFA9F7D63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C420D15FCA24D38FDB17AA7.text	1664BC603C420D15FCA24D38FDB17AA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus barbiger Ridl.	<div><p>9. Lasianthus barbiger Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus barbiger Ridl. (1917b) 52. — Type: Robinson &amp; Kloss s.n. (holo BM; iso K), Sumatra, Korinchi .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 3 m high; branchlets usually compressed, 2– 3 mm diam, hirsute. Leaves: blades ovate-elliptic, 9 –13 by 3.5 –5 cm, subcoriaceous, sparsely hirsute on midrib and nerves both sides, apex shortly caudate or cuspidate, base cuneate, midrib and nerves slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 10–11 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 70°, curved to the margin, nerves prominent and sparsely hirsute beneath, subreticulate; petioles c. 1 cm long, hirsute. Stipules 0.5 –1 cm long, lanceolate-oblong to ovate-oblong, membranaceous, with a broad base and an obtuse apex, sparsely hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile, 4-merous; calyx tubular, with a campanulate limb, calyx tube c. 2 mm long, glabrous, calyx limb with 4 lanceolate c. 1.5 mm long lobes, barbate at margin; corollas unknown. Drupes ovoid, 5 by 8 mm, narrow at base, with 4 obtuse ridges, crowned by persistent calyx lobes, glabrous; pyrenes 4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Sumatra.</p><p>Note — This species has large membranaceous stipules similar to those of the closely related species L. pseudo­stipularis and L. stipularis . It differs from L. pseudo­stipularis by having hirsute branchlets, ovate-elliptic leaves with hirsute nerves beneath, calyx lobes lanceolate, barbate at margin. It differs from L. stipularis by having hirsute branchlets, ovate-elliptic leaves with hirsute nerves beneath, inconspicuous bracts, calyx lobes lanceolate, barbate at margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C420D15FCA24D38FDB17AA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C5F0D15FFEB4964FD617EF5.text	1664BC603C5F0D15FFEB4964FD617EF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus bifloroideus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>10. Lasianthus bifloroideus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 4</p><p>Similis L. bifloro (Blume) M.Gangop.&amp; Chakrab.,sed ramulis rare puberulis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis glabris, cymis sessilis vel subsessilis, lobis calycis ovato-oblongis longioribus tubo et pyrenis conspicue verrucatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Paul Chai S.33809 (holo L; iso K), Borneo, Lubok Antu, Bukut Peninjau, in valley bottom, 13 Mar. 1974 .</p><p>Small shrub, 1–2 m high, branchlets terete, slender, less than 1 mm diam, puberulous. Leaves: blades very small, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 – 3 by 0.5 –1 cm, chartaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acuminate, mucronate, base acute; midrib slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves slender, flat above, prominent beneath, 5 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60 °, curved to margin, nervules weak, slender, parallel; petioles short, less than 1 mm long, puberulous. Stipules lanceolate, c. 1 mm long, puberulous. Inflorescences sessile or subsessile, bracts absent. Flowers very small; calyx c. 1 mm long, sparsely puberulous, calyx lobes 4, ovate-oblong, c. 0.7 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, 4–5 mm diam, glabrous, 4-ridged, crowned by 4 c. 1 mm long ovate-oblong calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, warty on abaxial face, orbicular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Lukok Antu).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Valley bottom near river. Flowering and fruiting in March.</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. biflorus, but differs from the latter by having branchlets thinly puberulous, leaves ovate-lanceolate glabrous, cymes sessile or subsessile, calyx lobes ovate-oblong longer than calyx tube, drupes more warty. Lasianthus biflorus has branchlets hirsute, leaves subrhombic to elliptic-obovate, hirsute midrib and nerves beneath, cymes with 5 –15 mm long peduncles, drupes less warty.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C5F0D15FFEB4964FD617EF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C5F0D15FCA24BEFFA6E78EA.text	1664BC603C5F0D15FCA24BEFFA6E78EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus biflorus (Blume) M. Gangop. & Chakrab.	<div><p>11. Lasianthus biflorus (Blume) M.Gangop. &amp; Chakrab. — Map 3</p><p>Lasianthus biflorus (Blume) M.Gangop.&amp; Chakrab.(1992) 338; H. Zhu (2002) 100. — Litosanthes biflora Blume (1826 –1827) 994. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated by Zhu 2002, barcode L0000722), Java .</p><p>Lasianthus gracilis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 132; Ridl.(1923a) 169;K.M. Wong (1989) 367. — Type: Ridley 2904 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1988), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Lasianthus gainii M.Gangop. &amp; Chakrab.(1992) 338. — Litosanthes gracilis Hayata (1912) 113. — Syntypes: Hayata &amp; Sasaki s.n. (n.v.), Kusukusu; G. Nakahara s.n. (n.v.), Botanrosha.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, densely hirsute. Leaves: blades chartaceous, subrhomboid or elliptic-obovate, 1.5 – 2.5 by 0.8–1.5 cm, apex acute, often mucronulate, base cuneate, glabrous above, hirsute beneath, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, hirsute beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 6– 8 pairs, hirsute beneath, nervules obscure on both surfaces; petioles 1–2 mm long, hirsute. Stipules small, inconspicuous. Cymes with peduncles 0.5–1.5 cm long, hirsute; bracts small, inconspicuous. Flowers with pedicels c. 1 mm long; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, glabrous, calyx limb with 5 triangular teeth; corolla 2–4 mm long, glabrous outside, lobes ovate. Drupes ovoid, c. 4–5 mm diam, glabrous, verrucose, 4-grooved; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — China (S Yunnan, Hainan, Taiwan), mainland SE Asia, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C5F0D15FCA24BEFFA6E78EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C5F0D13FCA248A3FF027979.text	1664BC603C5F0D13FCA248A3FF027979.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus borneensis Merr.	<div><p>12. Lasianthus borneensis Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus borneensis Merr. (1929a) 292. — Type: Elmer 21212 (iso CAS, HUH, K, L, MO, SING, U), Elmer 21656 (para MO, SING), Borneo,Tawao .</p><p>Lasianthus sepalinus Ridl. (1934) 120, syn. nov. — Type: Ridley 9703 (holo K), Borneo, Bongaya, Labuk Bay; Clemens 9467 (para SING), Sandakan.</p><p>Shrubs, c. 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely appressed-pubescent, virid to brown. Leaves: blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 10 –22 by 3 –5.5 cm, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous and nitid above except midrib, densely shorthirsute or hispid beneath, apex shortly caudate-acuminate, base acute to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib, nerves and nervules flat to slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves 8 –10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin; nervules parallel; petioles 8 –10 mm long, densely pubescent. Stipules oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 2 – 3 mm long, densely pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, 5-merous; calyx campanulate, hirsute, calyx tube c. 2 mm long, lobes 5, oblong, c. 3 mm long; corolla tube cylindrical, c. 6 mm long, pubescent outside, villose inside; corolla lobes 5, oblong, acute at apex, 3 mm long, pubescent outside, floccose inside; anthers oblong, c. 1.5 mm long. Drupes globose, c. 5 mm diam, with 5 obtuse ridges, hirsute, crowned by 5 large oblong calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Borneo) and Brunei.</p><p>Note — This species is easily recognized by its hispid leaves, relatively large calyx and oblong calyx lobes with an obtuse apex. It is closely related to L. setulosus also from Borneo. Lasianthus setulosus differs in having densely spreading long hispid on branchlets and both surfaces of leaves, a relatively small calyx, 3 by 3 mm, with ovate-triangular calyx lobes with acute apex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C5F0D13FCA248A3FF027979	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C590D13FFEB4910FF6E7E3E.text	1664BC603C590D13FFEB4910FF6E7E3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus bracteolatus Miq.	<div><p>13. Lasianthus bracteolatus Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus bracteolatus Miq. (1869) 246; Bakh.f. (1965) 337. — Type: Junghuhn s.n. (holo L, barcode L 0057503; iso L, barcode L0057504,L, barcode L0057505), Sumatra, Tapanuli .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, 2 –3 mm diam, densely appressed-pubescent to subglabrous, brown. Leaves: blades elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 9–13 by 4–6 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, pubescent on midrib, nerves and nervules beneath, apex shortly caudate to cuspidate, base rounded to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 4–5 mm long, densely pubescent. Stipules triangular-subulate, c. 4 mm long, densely pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts linear, 5– 6 mm long, densely pubescent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, densely pubescent, tube c. 2 mm long, lobes 5, subulate, c. 1 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, pubescent, crowned by subulate calyx lobes; pyrenes 4–5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java and Moluccas).</p><p>Note — This species has elliptic to obovate-elliptic leaves with 7–8 pairs of nerves, bracts linear, and drupes with 4–5 pyrenes. It differs from L. rigidus by having relatively small leaves with rounded base, longer petioles, bracts linear and shorter, calyx lobes subulate, small and smaller pubescent drupes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C590D13FFEB4910FF6E7E3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C590D13FFEB4EDCFBB879CC.text	1664BC603C590D13FFEB4EDCFBB879CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus brevipedicellatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>14. Lasianthus brevipedicellatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 5</p><p>Similis L. vrieseano Miq, sed foliis chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, basi acutis differt. A L. perakensis King &amp; Gamble foliis glabris et drupis pedicellatis 5–6-porcatis apice truncatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Ching S.55288 (holo L), Borneo, Sarawak, Sg. Palog, 850 m alt., in dipterocarp forest, 24 Sept. 1987 .</p><p>Treelet, 3 m high; branchlets terete, compressed in the youngest part, c. 3 mm diam, puberulous, fistulous. Leaves: blades elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 19– 23 by 5– 8 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex cuspidate to falcate-acuminate, mucronate, base acute, midrib slightly depressed or flat above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 7–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to margin, glabrous, nervules prominent on both surfaces, subparallel, glabrous, margin recurved; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, puberulous or subglabrous. Stipules triangular, 1.5 –2 mm long, often deciduous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers not seen. Drupes stalked, fascicular; pedicels short, 1.5 – 2 mm long, slender, glabrous; drupes subglobose, sparsely puberulous, warty, 5 – 6 conspicuously obtuse ridges; pyrenes 5 – 6, slightly warty on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular and Sarawak).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forest between 850–1000 m altitude. Fruiting in September.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Peninsular Malaysia, Gunong Tapis, 3000 ft, KEP­FRI 10973 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its stalked drupes, very small stipules, bracts absent and glabrous leaves with subparallel nervules prominent on both surfaces. It is very closely related to L. vriesianus, but differs from the latter by having chartaceous to subcoriaceous leaves with acute base and smaller flowers. Lasianthus vriesianus has thickly coriaceous leaves with subrounded base. In L. vriesianus, only the type with few immature drupes has been seen. More other diagnostic characteristics between these two species cannot be recognized because of insufficient collections. This species is also similar to L. perakensis, but differs from the latter by having glabrous leaves, pediceled drupes with 5– 6 ridges, while L. perakensis has puberulous leaves on nerves beneath, sessile drupes with 10-ridged pyrenes and crowned by persistent obtuse spreading calyx lobes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C590D13FFEB4EDCFBB879CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C590D13FCA249CBFB517DFB.text	1664BC603C590D13FCA249CBFB517DFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus brevipedunculatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>15. Lasianthus brevipedunculatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 6</p><p>Proximus L. nervosus King &amp; Gamble,sed foliis majoribus 4.5–8 cm longis 2–3 cm latis, cymis brevipedunculatis, floribus 5-meris, lobis calycis triangulatooblongis et pyrenis 5 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Nagamasu 3359 (holo L), W Sumatra, Gunung Sago, 2100–2260 m alt., in upper montane forest around the summit, 30 Oct. 1988 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, densely brown-yellowish tomentose. Leaves elliptic-oblong to ovate-oblong, 4.5–8 by 2–3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, densely tomentose hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute or cuspidate, base subrounded, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 5 –6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, parallel, margin hirsute; petioles 4–6 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules triangular, 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Inflorescences shortly peduncled; peduncles 1– 3 mm long, densely tomentose; bracts 1–2, linear, c. 2 mm long, tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx hirsute external surface, lobes 5, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, 3 mm long, tube very short, less than 1 mm long; corolla 4–5 mm long, tomentose external surface, lobes 5, triangular-oblong, 2 – 3 mm long; stamens 5; ovary with 5 locules. Drupes c. 4 mm diam, sub-globose, subglabrous, crowned by 5 calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (W Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In upper montane forest at 2100 m altitude.</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. nervosus from Malaysian mountains. It differs from the latter by having relatively large leaves (4.5–8 by 2–3 cm), cymes shortly peduncled, flowers 5-merous, calyx lobes triangular-oblong, and drupes with 5 pyrenes. Lasianthus nervosus has leaves of 2.5 – 3.5 by 1.5 cm, cymes sessile, flowers 4-merous, calyx with triangular teeth, and drupes with 4 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C590D13FCA249CBFB517DFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C590D1FFCA24D90FE367868.text	1664BC603C590D1FFCA24D90FE367868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus brochidodromus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>16. Lasianthus brochidodromus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 7</p><p>Proximus L. membranaceoideus H.Zhu, sed foliis lanceolatis 2–2.5 cm latis, drupis minoribus puberulis obtuse 4–5-porcatis et pyrenis abaxiali leviter verrucosis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Gaerlan et al. PPI 23712 (holo L), Philippines, Luzon, Quezon, Alabat Isl., 175 m alt., in dipterocarp forest, 25 March 1996 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 1.5 m high; branchlets terete, compressed at nodes, c. 1.5 mm diam, glabrous. Leaves: blades lanceolate, glabrous except puberulous nerves and margin beneath, 10 –15 by 2– 2.5 cm; subcoriaceous, apex acuminate, margin slightly undulate and recurved, base acute, midrib slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 9–12 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 90°, curved near margin and joining the nerves above, forming an intramarginal vein (looped venation), internerved vein weak, ascending from the midrib at an angle of c. 90°, combination to the main nerves, nervules conspicuous on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, dark, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stipules small, subulate, c. 1.5 mm long, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers not seen. Drupes in fascicles, sessile, globose, c. 5 mm diam, puberulous, slightly warty, with 4–5 obtuse ridges, crowned by very small calyx teeth; pyrenes 4–5, slightly warty on the abaxial face, orbicular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic in Alabat Isl., Quezon, Philippines.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In dipterocarp forest. Fruiting in March.</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its lanceolate leaves with a looped venation. It seems to be close to L. membranaceoideus, but differs from the latter by having leaves lanceolate, 2–2.5 cm broad, drupes puberulous, c. 5 mm diam, with 4–5 obtuse ridges, pyrenes slightly warty on the abaxial face, orbicular in transverse section. Lasianthus membranaceoideus has leaves oblong, 3–4 cm broad, drupes glabrous, c. 7 mm diam, conspicuously 8-ridged, pyrenes sulcate on the abaxial face, triangular in transverse section.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C590D1FFCA24D90FE367868	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C550D1FFFEB482CFF147C0F.text	1664BC603C550D1FFFEB482CFF147C0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus bruneensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>17. Lasianthus bruneensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 8</p><p>Proximus L. subaureo Craib,sed foliis basi rotundatis conspicue asymmetricis,stipulis minoribus 1 mm longis atque calycibus dentatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Prance et al. 30620 (holo L; iso K), Brunei, Bukit Belalong, 909 m alt., in lower montane forest around summit, 23 Feb. 1992 .</p><p>Treelet, 2 m high; branchlets terete, puberulous, glabrescent or glabrous. Leaves: blades linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 8–14 by 1.5–3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely puberulous on leaf nerves beneath, apex attenuate to acuminate or caudate, margin recurved, base rounded, asymmetric, midrib conspicuously prominent on both surfaces, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 75–85°, curved to the margin, nervules conspicuous beneath, reticulate; petioles nigrescent, 1 cm long, sparsely puberulous. Stipules very small, triangular, 1 mm long, puberulous. Inflorescences sessile or short tuberculate, bracts inconspicuous. Flowers in fascicles sessile; calyx campanulate, 2 by 2 mm, puberulous, limb with 5 subulate-triangular 0.5 mm long teeth; corolla not seen. Drupes c. 4 mm diam, subglobose, subglabrous, black, crowned by persistent small subulate-triangular calyx teeth; pyrenes 4–5, slightly rugose on the abaxial face, triangular in transverse section, with thickened wall.</p><p>Distribution — Brunei.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lower montane forest between 800 –1160 m altitude. In sandstone soil. Flowering and fruiting between October and February.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Brunei, Bukit Tudal, Davis A.P. 481.</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. subaureus . It differs from the latter by having leaves with rounded and asymmetric bases, very small stipules, calyx not cupular, calyx limb with subulate-triangular teeth. Lasianthus subaureus has leaves with acute to acuminate base, stipules 3 mm long, calyx cupular, with truncate limb.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C550D1FFFEB482CFF147C0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C550D1FFFEB4C0CFB297C57.text	1664BC603C550D1FFFEB4C0CFB297C57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus cailinianus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>18. Lasianthus cailinianus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 9</p><p>Proximus L. chrysophyllo Miq., sed plantis dense patenter fulvi-hirsutis,foliis minoribus oblongis basi leviter asymmetricis, pedunculis cymae robustis 7–8 mm longis, bracteis minoribus apice brevicuspidatis, lobis calycis 5, 2–3 mm longis et pyrenis 5 differt. Similis L. cyanocarpo Jack, sed plantis dense fulvi-hirsutis, foliis majoribus 10–17 cm longis basi abrupte acutis vel subrotundatis,nervis 14-binatis et pedunculis cymae robustis 7–8 mm longis differt.A L. hirsuto (Roxb.) Merr. plantis dense fulvi-hirsutis,foliis basi abrupte acutis vel subrotundatis, nervis 14-binatis, stipulis minoribus 3 mm longis et cymis pedunculatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Ismael 3/ 21.8.1957 (holo L), W Sumatra, east of Pajakumbuh, 500–1000 m alt., in primary forest, 21 Aug. 1957 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 2.5 m high, branchlets terete, or slightly compressed in the youngest part, robust, c. 3–4 mm diam, densely spreading yellowish hirsute. Leaves: blades oblong, 10 –17 by 3 – 5 cm, thickly chartaceous, stiffly spreading yellowish hirsute on both surfaces, apex acute, base abruptly acute or subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib densely stiffly hirsute above, strongly prominent and densely hirsute beneath, nerves depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, densely hirsute, c. 14 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 80°, curved gradually to margin, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, subreticulate, hirsute, margin slightly recurved, densely hirsute; petioles 5–7 mm long, densely hirsute. Stipules lanceolate-triangular, c. 3 mm long, densely hirsute. Inflorescences pedunculate; peduncles 7–8 mm long, robust, densely yellowish hirsute; bracts 2, leaf-like, ovate, c. 1.5 by 1 cm, with shortly cuspidate apex and rounded or subcordate base, and with midrib and nerves like the leaves, densely yellowish hirsute on both surfaces; bracteoles numerous, outer ones like bracts but smaller, interior ones ovate to linear, c. 1 cm long, densely hirsute; calyx c. 4–5 mm long, densely hirsute, lobes 5, lanceolate, 2 – 3 mm long, densely hirsute on both surfaces; corolla densely hirsute. Drupes c. 4 mm diam, subglobose, densely hirsute, crowned by persistent linear-lanceolate, c. 5 mm long, hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (W Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane primary forest between 500–1000 m altitude.</p><p>Notes — This species is characterized by its densely spreading yellowish hirsute hairs, peduncled cymes with leaf-like bracts and bracteoles. It is closely related to L. chrysophyllus, but differs from the latter by having branchlets, leaves both surfaces densely spreading yellowish hirsute; leaves relatively small, oblong, with slightly asymmetric base, 10–17 by 3 – 5 cm; peduncles 7– 8 mm long, bracts relatively small with shortly cuspidate apex; flowers 5-merous; calyx lobes 5, 2– 3 mm long. Lasianthus chrysophyllus has branchlets and leaf venation, bracts and calyx densely appressed-pubescent; leaves larger, slightly obovate-oblong, 26–34 by 6–8 cm; peduncles c. 2–3 mm long; bracts larger, with a c. 5 mm long cuspidate apex; flowers 4-merous; calyx lobes 4, c. 1.5 mm long.</p><p>It is also related to L. cyanocarpus, but differs from the latter by having plants covered by densely yellowish hirsute, leaves relatively big (10–17 cm long) with abruptly acute to subrounded base and 14 pairs of nerves, cymes with 7–8 mm long robust peduncles. While L. cyanocarpus has much soft pilose hairs on branchlets, leaves and bracts; leaves relatively small (8–13 cm long) with rounded to cordate oblique base and less than 10 pairs of nerves; cymes sessile or subsessile. This species is also similar to L. hirsutus, but differs from the latter by having densely yellowish hirsute hairs, leaves with 14 pairs of nerves and abruptly acute or subrounded base, stipules 3 mm long, cymes peduncled. Lasianthus hirsutus has rusty hirsute hairs, leaves with 7–10 pairs of nerves and acute to cuneate base, stipules 8 –10 mm long, and cymes sessile.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C550D1FFFEB4C0CFB297C57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C550D1DFCA24C34FED87F47.text	1664BC603C550D1DFCA24C34FED87F47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus capitatus Blume	<div><p>19. Lasianthus capitatus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus capitatus Blume (1826 –1827) 996; Miq. (1857) 320; (1869) 246; Merr. (1921) 577; Bakh.f. (1965) 337. — Mephitidia capitata (Blume) DC. (1830) 453. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. p.p. (the part from Java, non Sumatra) (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0310036), Java .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 3 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 10–15 by 3 –3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex acuminate, base acute or cuneate, midrib and nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 40–50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, slightly prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 5– 8 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules narrowly triangular, c. 3 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes pedunculate; peduncles 0.2–2 cm long, stout, densely tomentose; bracts linear, 0.5–1 cm long, densely tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx densely long-villose, tube 1–2 mm long, lobes 6, linear, up to 12 mm long; corolla tube c. 10 mm long, long-villose outside, lobes 6, ovate-triangular, c. 3 mm long, long-villose outside, floccose inside. Drupes subglobose, c. 8 mm diam, densely tomentose, crowned by persistent linear calyx lobes; pyrenes 6.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java and Lesser Sunda Islands).</p><p>Notes — The herbarium sheet with barcode L0310036 is a mixture containing two distinct species respectively from Java and Sumatra; the lectotype of L. capitatus is the one from Java. Lasianthus capitatus is similar to L. chevalieri from mainland SE Asia. It differs in having pedunculate cymes, 7–8 pairs of nerves, conspicuously villose linear bracts and relatively small flowers. Lasianthus chevalieri has sessile and ebracteate cymes, 11 pairs of nerves, relatively large flowers with the calyx tube 5–6 mm long, the calyx lobes 13–14 mm long, the corolla tube 13 mm long and the corolla lobes c. 8 mm long.</p><p>Lasianthus capitatus has peduncles, which vary from almost subsessile to 1– 2 cm long even in the same specimen. The inferior peduncles are usually longer and the superior ones are shorter. A variety of short peduncles cannot be clearly recognized (e.g. var. sessilis Blume in sheets and var. subsessilis Miq. in sheets).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C550D1DFCA24C34FED87F47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C570D1DFFEB4F44FAF87FF8.text	1664BC603C570D1DFFEB4F44FAF87FF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chinensis (Champ.) Benth.	<div><p>20. Lasianthus chinensis (Champ.) Benth. — Map 4</p><p>Lasianthus chinensis (Champ.) Benth. (1861) 160; Hook.f. (1880) 187; F.B. Forbes &amp; Hemsl. (1888) 388; T.Yamaz. (1964) 352; T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 124, f. 4; J.M. Chao (1978) 286; H. Zhu (1994) 67; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 280; H.S. Lo (1999) 84, pl. 22: 1–5; H. Zhu (2001b) 123; (2002) 88. — Mephitidia chinensis Champ. (1852) 196. —</p><p>Type (): Champion? 112 (lecto K; isolecto NY, designated by Zhu 2001b), Hongkong; Champion s.n. (para K), Hongkong .</p><p>Lasianthus dinhensis Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 388. — Syntypes: Poilane 283 (P), Cambodge [Cambodia], Kampot; Pierre 3257 (BM, K, MO, P), Cochinchina [Vietnam], Baria .</p><p>Lasianthus dinhensis Pierre ex Pit. var. tonkinensis Pit. (1924) 388. — Syntypes: Balansa 640 (K, P), Vietnam: Tonkin, Ouonbi; Laos: Poilane 2327 (BM, K, P), Tranninh.</p><p>Lasianthus dinhensis Pierre ex Pit.var. glabrescens Pierre ex Pit.(1924) 388. — Type: Pierre 3258 (holo P), Cochinchina [Vietnam] .</p><p>Mephitidia odajimae Masam. (1934) 211. — Lasianthus chinensis (Champ.) Benth.var. odajimae (Masam.) Kaneh.(1936) 669. — Type not designated.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–4 m tall; branches and branchlets terete, densely pubescent. Leaves: blades subcoriaceous, oblong, 15– 25 by 4–7 cm, apex acute or acuminate, base acute or obtuse, margin usually reflexed, glabrous above, thinly to densely pubescent beneath, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 9–15 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, distinct and prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, pubescent. Stipules triangular, 2 – 3 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent; 4–6-flowered. Flowers sessile; calyx elongated campanulate, 5–7 mm long, with 4–6 triangular-ovate or orbicular reflexed lobes; corolla white, 10–15 mm long, hirsute outside, lobes 5– 6, lanceolate. Drupes pubescent, 8 mm diam, with 5 –6 conspicuous longitudinal angles; pyrenes 5– 6.</p><p>Distribution — China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines (Palawan).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus chinensis is easily confused with L. verticillatus . This confusion has occurred in many references. According to Bentham’s (1861) original description of L. chinensis, it has leaves with parallel nervules conspicuous on both sides and diverging from the midrib, but the type specimen has almost reticulate nervules. This may be a factor leading to the confusion. Lasianthus chinensis usually has dense pubescence on branches and leaf nerves beneath, chartaceous or subcoriaceous leaves with 10–13(–15) pairs of nerves, and reticulate nervules as well as reflexed margins, calyx with triangular, ovate or orbicular reflexed lobes, and drupes with 5 – 6 conspicuous longitudinal angles; while L. verticillatus has thin or sparse appressed-pubescence on branches and leaf nerves beneath, coriaceous leaves with 5 – 9 pairs of nerves and parallel nervules, and a cupulate, usually truncate or sometime minutely toothed calyx, and smooth and rounded drupes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C570D1DFFEB4F44FAF87FF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C570D1CFCA24F9EFD377D6B.text	1664BC603C570D1CFCA24F9EFD377D6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chlorocarpus K. Schum.	<div><p>21. Lasianthus chlorocarpus K.Schum.</p><p>Lasianthus chlorocarpus K.Schum. (1905) 399; Valeton (1927) 109; Merr. &amp; L.M. Perry (1946) 219. —</p><p>Type: Lauterbach 3151 (B †), New Guinea; Wiakabu et al. LAE 50043 (neotype L, designated here), New Guinea, Vanimo sub Province, 140 m alt., in rainforest, 5 Sept. 1982 .</p><p>Lasianthus chlorocarpus K.Schum. var. curvinervis Valeton (1927) 110, syn. nov.— Type: Ledermann 6630 (lecto SING,designated here), New Guinea.</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, slightly compressed in the youngest part, sparsely spreading hirsute (strigillose), brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 10–18 by 3 –5 cm, chartaceous, glabrous above, hirsute on venation beneath, apex acute to cuspidate, base acute or cuneate, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 7 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct and slightly prominent beneath, subreticulate; petioles 5–10 mm long, spreading hirsute. Stipules subulate, 4–5 mm long, hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, spreading hirsute, tube c. 2 mm long, limb c. 1.5 mm long, with 4 minute teeth; corolla tube c. 5 mm long, glabrous in the lower half on both sides, hirsute in the upper half on both sides, corolla lobes 4, lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, hirsute outside, floccose inside. Drupes ellipsoid, c. 5 mm diam, sparsely hirsute, verrucose, with 4 obscure ridges; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Philippines, Indonesia (Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, Irian Jaya) Papua New Guinea, Solomon Isl., N Australia.</p><p>Notes — This species is very close to L. trichophlebus . Both species have strigillose hairs on young branches, leaves nerves beneath, stipules and calyx. Lasianthus chlorocarpus differs from L. trichophlebus by having subulate stipules and thinner chartaceous leaves with subreticulate nervules and relatively short strigose and minutely teethed calyx limb; while the latter has coriaceous to subcoriaceous leaves, lanceolate-triangular calyx lobes, lanceolate stipules that are more than 5 mm long, and much long and spreading strigose hairs.</p><p>This species is also close to L. verticillatus . It differs from the latter by having relatively long subulate stipules (up to 5 mm long); chartaceous leaves with subreticulate nervules; strigillose hairs on branches, nerves beneath, stipules and calyx; as well as usually slightly verrucose drupes with 4 pyrenes and without an enlarged cupular and truncate calyx limb. Lasianthus verticillatus usually has triangular stipules, subcoriaceous to coriaceous leaves, parallel nervules and glabrous or appressed-puberulous on branches, nerves beneath, stipules and calyx, and usually drupes with 5 pyrenes and crowned by an enlarged cupular calyx limb with truncate apex.</p><p>Valeton (1927) and Merrill &amp; Perry (1946) mentioned that L. chlorocarpus could be L. strigosus Wight from Australia. We agree that L. chlorocarpus is conspecific to L. strigosus auct. plur. (non Wight) from Australia.</p><p>Schlechter 18625 (K), a syntype of L. chlorocarpus K.Schum. var. curvinervis Valeton, is closer to L. verticillatus than to L. chlorocarpus and therefore excluded from L. chlorocarpus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C570D1CFCA24F9EFD377D6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C560D1CFFEB4D20FC17780F.text	1664BC603C560D1CFFEB4D20FC17780F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chryseus Ridl.	<div><p>22. Lasianthus chryseus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus chryseus Ridl. (1920) 143; (1923a) 158. —</p><p>Lectotype (here designated) Ridley 140 (lecto K), Singapore; Curtis s.n. (para, n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Penang.</p><p>Mephitidia capitata (Blume) DC. var. ferruginea Korth. (1851) 222, syn. nov. — Type: Korthals s.n. (iso L, barcode L0057527), Borneo, Prarawin.</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii auct. non Hook.f.: King &amp; Gamble (1904) 119.</p><p>Shrubs, 1.2– 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2.5 mm diam, densely brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 9–15 by 3– 5 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous and nitid above, densely brown-tomentose beneath, apex acute, base acute or cuneate, midrib and nerves flat or slightly depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 6–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, distinct and prominent beneath, densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles c. 1 cm long, densely brown-tomentose. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, c. 2 mm long, densely brown-tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts very small, subulate, c. 1 mm long, densely tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, densely tomentose outside, calyx tube c. 1 mm long, limb with 4–5 triangular lobes, densely tomentose outside, glabrous and dark in colour inside, lobes c. 1 mm long; corolla c. 5 mm long, densely tomentose outside. Drupes globose, 4–5 mm diam, sparsely hairy or glabrous except the upper part, obscurely 4–5-ridged; pyrenes 4–5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus chryseus differs from L. trichophlebus var. latifolius by having denser tomentose branchlets and leaves beneath, midrib and nerves strongly prominent beneath, nervules also more prominent beneath, small and inconspicuous stipules, subulate bracts and much smooth drupes (non verrucose) with 4–5 pyrenes. It differs from L. obscurus in having small stipules and minutely subulate bracts, and subglabrous drupes except hirsute hairs on upper part.</p><p>The type specimen of L. capitatus var. ferruginea Korth. differs from L. capitatus var. capitatus by having ferruginous-tomentose branchlets and leaves beneath, and almost no peduncles, just as L. chryseus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C560D1CFFEB4D20FC17780F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C560D1BFCA2480CFDB678D6.text	1664BC603C560D1BFCA2480CFDB678D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chrysoneurus (Korth.) Miq.	<div><p>23. Lasianthus chrysoneurus (Korth.) Miq. — Map 5</p><p>Lasianthus chrysoneurus (Korth.) Miq. (1857) 322; H. Zhu (2002) 81. — Mephitidia chrysoneura Korth.(1851) 222. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (lost), Java, Patoea; Backer 22515 (neotype L, designated by Zhu 2002) Java, Jawa Barat, Tjadasmalang .</p><p>Lasianthus glabrescens Miq. (1857) 317, syn. nov. — Type: Zollinger 621 (= 594) (holo L; iso K), Java.</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii Hook.f. (1880) 183; Pit. (1924) 384; Craib (1934) 212; Deb &amp; M. Gangop. (1991) 288; H. Zhu (1994) 60; (1998) 153; H.S. Lo (1999) 90; H. Zhu (2001b) 133. — Type: Wall. Cat. 8310 (holo K), Burma, Chopedang .</p><p>Lasianthus hoaensis Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 383. — Syntypes: Pierre 1316 (P; isosyn BM, E, K), Cochinchina, Bien Hoa, Tri-huyen; Poilane 40832 (P; isosyn BM), Bien Hoa, Gia-ray; Pierre 3267 (P), Cambodia, Mt Camchay, Kampot.</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii Hook.f.var. howii H.S. Lo (1993) 2;(1999) 90. — Type: Wang 80524 (holo SCBI), China, Yunnan, Mengla .</p><p>[ Lasianthus stercorarius auct. non Blume: Kurz (1877) 31].</p><p>Shrubs, to 3 m tall; branchlets appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, 12– 20 by 3– 5 cm, apex acuminate, base cuneate, membranaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent beneath, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly distinct on both surfaces, dense, parallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Stipules triangular or oblong-lanceolate, up to 8 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts persistent, outer bracts ovate, inner bracts lanceolate, all not more than 5 mm long, pubescent. Flowers sessile or subsessile; calyx campanulate, 2 – 3 mm long, pubescent; lobes triangular, 4–6; corolla 5–6 mm long, puberulous outside in upper part, pubescent inside in the throat. Drupes subglobose, 4–6 mm diam, pubescent; pyrenes 5 – 6.</p><p>Distribution — India, Burma, China (S Yunnan), Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia (Java) and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — We have not seen the type of L. chrysoneurus in L, even Miquel himself had not seen it as he indicated when he made the combination, although the type should be in Leiden. However, there are some specimens from Java in L which match Korthals’ description of L. chrysoneurus well. Lasianthus glabrescens is conspecific with L. chrysoneurus . Lasianthus kurzii from mainland SE Asia, which has the same characteristics on leaves, stipules, bracts and flowers as L. chrysoneurus, could not be separated from L. chrysoneurus; it is also conspecific with the latter. Lasianthus chrysoneurus differs from L. obscurus by different indumentum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C560D1BFCA2480CFDB678D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C510D1BFFEB48B4FE237C48.text	1664BC603C510D1BFFEB48B4FE237C48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chrysophyllus Miq.	<div><p>24. Lasianthus chrysophyllus Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus chrysophyllus Miq. (1857) 322; (1869) 248. — Type: Junghuhn s.n. (holo L, barcode L000676; iso L, barcode L000677), Sumatra .</p><p>Shrubs or treelet; branchlets robust, slightly compressed, c. 4–5 mm diam, fistulose, densely brown-appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 26–34 by 6–8 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above except hirsute midrib, brown-golden-pubescent beneath, apex cuspidate to shortly caudate, base acute to subrounded, asymmetric, the margin reflexed, nerves slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 13–15 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to margin, nervules slightly obscure above, distinct and prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles 1–1.5 cm long densely appressed-pubescent. Stipules triangular, 8– 9 mm long, densely appressed-pubescent. Cymes pedunculate; peduncles 2 –5 mm long, robust, densely appressed-pubescent; bracts leaf-like, outer pairs rounded, palmate-nerved, c. 2 by 2 cm, golden-pubescent on both surfaces, ciliate at the margin, with a cuspidate-caudate apex and a rounded to subcordate base, inner ones becoming smaller, from leaf-like to ovate and lanceolate, golden-pubescent on both surfaces. Flowers 4-merous, sessile; calyx obconical, c. 4–5 mm long, tube c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, limb densely hirsute with 4 lanceolate c. 1.5 mm long lobes; corolla c. 15 mm long, tube glabrous in the lower half, lobes 4, triangular-lanceolate, c. 2.5 mm long, hirsute outside. Drupes subglobose, c. 3–4 mm diam, glabrous except the hirsute persistent calyx limb, slightly verrucose; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sumatra).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C510D1BFFEB48B4FE237C48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C510D1BFFEB4C4FFAF77DB3.text	1664BC603C510D1BFFEB4C4FFAF77DB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus chrysotrichus Lauterb.	<div><p>25. Lasianthus chrysotrichus Lauterb.</p><p>Lasianthus chrysotrichus Lauterb. (1905) 400; Valeton (1911) 497; (1927) 109. —</p><p>Type: Schlechter 14376 (WRSL?, n.v.), New Guinea .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely and coarsely spreading hirsute. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 5 – 8 by 2 – 2.5 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous above except spreading hirsute hairs on midrib, densely hirsute on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute, base acute to subrounded, rarely asymmetric, nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 6 – 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 4–5 mm long, densely spreading hirsute. Stipules inconspicuous, triangular, c. 1–1.5 mm long, densely hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts linear, fewer, 3– 6 mm long, densely hirsute. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 5 mm long, hirsute outside, tube c. 1.5– 2 mm long, lobes 4, lanceolate, nerved, c. 3 mm long, hirsute outside, glabrous inside; corolla tube c. 4 mm long, hirsute in the upper half, lobes 4, c. 1.5–2 mm long, hirsute outside. Drupes subglobose, c. 4–5 mm diam, hirsute, crowned by lanceolate calyx lobes; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — This species is close to L. curtisii by having similar linear-lanceolate calyx lobes (much longer than tube). It differs from the latter by having spreading much coarsely hirsute hairs on branchlets, leaf lower surface and midrib above; bracts 2, linear, hirsute, up 6 mm long (only seen in fruit stage, inconspicuous in flower stage); flowers 4-merous and drupe with 4 pyrenes. Lasianthus curtisii has spreading villose hairs on branchlets and leaf lower surface; bracts absent; flowers 5-merous and drupe with 5 pyrenes. It is also similar to L. hexandrus, but differs in having spreading hirsute hairs on branches and leaves nerves beneath, bracts 2, linear, up to c. 6 mm long (only seen in fruit stage); while L. hexandrus has appressed-pubescent branchlets and leaf nerves beneath, bracts absent. Valeton published a name Lasianthus chrysotrichoides Valeton in his Key to species of New Guinean Lasianthus without description. We saw a specimen in Leiden, i.e. H.J.Lam 975 with Valeton’s handwriting on attached labels (two sheets). This plant cannot be separated from L. chrysotrichus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C510D1BFFEB4C4FFAF77DB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C510D1AFCA24C52FDDE7E27.text	1664BC603C510D1AFCA24C52FDDE7E27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus clementis Merr.	<div><p>26. Lasianthus clementis Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus clementis Merr. (1908b) 164; Elmer (1911) 1034; (1913) 1869; Merr. (1923) 565. — Syntypes: Clemens 561 (PNH†), 846 (PNH†), Philippines, Mindanao, Leyte. Neotype: Elmer 13613 (K, designated here), Philippines, Mindanao, Agusan, Cabadbaran .</p><p>Lasianthus canephoroides Wernham (1918) 73. — Type: Forbes 203 (holo BM), New Guinea, Sogere, 2000 ft, syn. nov.</p><p>Lasianthus bulusanensis Elmer (1934a) 3252. — Type: Elmer 16532 (iso L, U), Philippines, Luzon, Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, syn. nov.</p><p>Lasianthus neglectus Valeton ex Bakh.f. (1963) 63, Bakh.f. (1965) 343, syn. nov. — Type: Backer 4915 (holo L), W Java, Mt Tjerimai, 1500 m alt.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–1.5 m tall; branches and branchlets densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic, oblong or ovate-oblong, 7–10 by 3 – 5 cm, subcoriaceous to chartaceous, glabrous above, densely appressed-pubescent on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate or acuminate, base acute or obtuse, midrib and nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–6 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to the margin, nervules subparallel, slightly prominent beneath; petioles 3 –7 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Stipules minute, subulate, c. 1 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, clusters; calyx campanulate, 1.5 mm long, appressed-pubescent,with 5 minute and triangular or subulate teeth; corolla white, 6 –7 mm long, 5-lobed, pilose outside, villous inside. Drupes globose, pubescent or subglabrous, 3 – 6 mm diam; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Philippines (Mindanao, Negros, Luzon), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, Moluccas), New Guinea</p><p>Notes — The type of L. clementis was not seen, but several specimens from the Philippines which are indicated as L. clementis, including the ones determined by Merrill himself, match Merrill’s description well. The species is acceptable and consequently one of these collections from Mindanao of the Philippines, from the same place as the syntypes, was selected as a neotype. Lasianthus clementis is hardly distinguished from L. canephoroides from New Guinea and L. neglectus from Java. They are conspecific.</p><p>According to Elmer, L. bulusanensis differs from L. clementis by having leaves with caudate apex and acute base, which are just the same as those from Java (= L. neglectus). This is not enough to separate it from L. clementis .</p><p>Lasianthus clementis is very closely related L. hispidulus from mainland SE Asia, Sumatra and Borneo. It is separated from L. hispidulus in having more or less appressed hairs on branchlets, leaves beneath and calyx, and drupes appressed-pubescent or subglabrous. Lasianthus hispidulus has a dense covering of spreading hairs on branchlets, leaves beneath, calyx, and drupes. Both L. hispidulus and L. clementis have close affinity to L. fordii . They differ from L. fordii in having densely hairy branches, leaves beneath and calyx. The three taxa form a species complex or a complex species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C510D1AFCA24C52FDDE7E27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C500D1AFFEB4EE4FD317348.text	1664BC603C500D1AFFEB4EE4FD317348.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus congesticymus H. Zhu	<div><p>27. Lasianthus congesticymus H.Zhu</p><p>Lasianthus congesticymus H. Zhu (2001b) 124, f. 1. —</p><p>Type: Larsen et al. 45955 (holo AAU), Thailand, Nakhon Srithamathat, Khao Luang,evergreen montane forest, 700–1200 m alt .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets compressed when young, later terete,brown, subglabrous. Leaves: blades elliptic,12–19 by 3.5–6.5 cm, chartaceous, more or less brown, glabrous, apex acuminate or subcaudate, base cuneate or rounded, slightly unequal sides, midrib conspicuous above, prominent beneath, nerves 6 –7 pairs, conspicuous above, slightly prominent beneath, nervules conspicuous on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles 8 –10 mm long, subglabrous. Stipules triangular, acute at apex, c. 1.5 mm long. Cymes pedunculate, strongly reduced; bracts absent. Flowers subsessile; calyx 2 mm long, limb more or less constricted at the base, lobes 4, triangular, c. 1 mm long, sparsely puberulous external surface; corolla 10 mm long, puberulous on upper part outside, lobes 5, with pilose outside. Drupes ellipsoid, 5 mm long, rugose, narrowed at the base, crowned by the persistent calyx limb; pyrenes 4, very furrowed on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand (Peninsular) and Malaysia (Borneo).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C500D1AFFEB4EE4FD317348	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C500D1AFCA24BEFFA8E793E.text	1664BC603C500D1AFCA24BEFFA8E793E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus conspicuus Ridl.	<div><p>28. Lasianthus conspicuus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus conspicuus Ridl.(1909) 36; (1923a) 167; Craib (1934) 209;K.M. Wong (1989) 369; H. Zhu (2001b) 124. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 13628 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang .</p><p>Shrubs, glabrous; branchlets terete, black when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 12–17 by 3 – 5 cm, chartaceous, apex caudate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, midrib, nerves and nervules conspicuous above, prominent beneath, nerves 8–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules reticulate; petioles short, c. 3 – 5 mm long. Stipules small, triangular. Cymes sessile; bracts minute, linear, glabrous. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, limb cupular, with 5 minute teeth; corolla glabrous except the mouth, lobes 5, nearly half as long as tube. Drupes small, ovoid, crowned by 5-toothed calyx; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C500D1AFCA24BEFFA8E793E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C500D1AFCA249DCFBA47C92.text	1664BC603C500D1AFCA249DCFBA47C92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus constrictus Wight	<div><p>29. Lasianthus constrictus Wight</p><p>Lasianthus constrictus Wight (1846) 515; Kurz (1877) 31; Hook.f. (1880) 188; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 117;Merr.(1921) 577;Ridl. (1923a) 163; Craib (1934) 209; Bakh.f. (1965) 342; K.M. Wong (1989) 369; H. Zhu (2001b) 124. —</p><p>Type: Griffith s.n. (holo K), Burma .</p><p>Lasianthus constrictus Wight var. latifolius Craib (1934) 209. — Type: Kerr 14940 (holo K; iso BK), Thailand. Pattani.</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets thinly appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 8–13 by 3–4 cm, subcoriaceous, yellowish brown when dry, glabrous above, sparsely strigose on nerves beneath, apex acute to shortly caudate or acuminate, base acute; midrib, nerves and nervules prominent on both surfaces, nerves 3 –6 pairs, nervules subreticulate; petioles 4–5 mm long, sparsely strigose. Stipules small, triangular, 3–4 mm long, sparsely strigose. Cymes sessile or subsessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, small, crowded; calyx with an obconical tube and a hemispherical limb, minutely strigose, somewhat constricted at the throat, tube 1.5– 2 mm long, limb shortly 4-toothed or almost truncate, c. 1 mm long; corolla hirsute or glabrous outside, tube about 3 mm long, lobes c. 2 mm long. Drupes ovoid or ellipsoid, with a constricted base, glabrous, crowned by a cupular calyx-limb which is somewhat constricted at base; pyrenes 2–4, very furrowed on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Burma, Thailand (Peninsular), Singapore, Malaysia (Sarawak, Sabah), Brunei, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — Var. latifolius differs from the typical variety by having broader leaves. However, the demarcation becomes vague when more specimens are checked and var. latifolius cannot be clearly separated from var. constrictus .</p><p>This species has a calyx constricted at base of cupular limb and drupes crowned by calyx limb constricted at base with 2–4 developed pyrenes. The same type of drupes is found in L. reticulatus (= L. maingayi). Lasianthus constrictus is very closely related to L. reticulatus . It differs from L. reticulatus by having relatively small leaves with 3– 5 pairs of nerves and subglabrous or sparsely strigose branches and leaf nerves beneath, shorter petioles, cymes usually sessile, calyx limb truncate or minutely toothed, while L. reticulatus has appressed-pubescent hairs on branches and nerves beneath, leaves relatively large with 6–7 pairs of nerves which are strongly prominent beneath, flowers sessile clustered in very short congested peduncles, calyx limb with 4 minutely triangular lobes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C500D1AFCA249DCFBA47C92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C530D19FFEB4BEFFD1B7FE7.text	1664BC603C530D19FFEB4BEFFD1B7FE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus cordatus Merr.	<div><p>30. Lasianthus cordatus Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus cordatus Merr. (1929a) 293. —</p><p>Type: Elmer 21865 (iso CAS, L, SING), Borneo (Sabah), Tawao .</p><p>Shrubs, glabrous; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, more or less compressed or sulcate, red-brownish. Leaves: blades oblong-elliptic, 15– 20 by 5 –7.5 cm, chartaceous, nitid both surfaces, apex cuspidate, base rounded to subcordate, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves prominent on both surfaces, nerves 5–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 70°, curved to the margin, uppermost two pairs joining near the leaf margin and forming an obscure intramarginal vein, internerved vein conspicuous, nervules distinct on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles very short to subsessile. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, sparsely hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts with a midrib, numerous, oblong-lanceolate to oblanceolate, glabrous, coriaceous, 5 –10 mm long, obtuse at the apex. Flowers sessile; calyx tube glabrous, c. 2 mm long, lobes 5, oblong to oblong-ovate, obtuse at apex, c. 1 mm long, glabrous or sparsely ciliate at margin; corolla not seen. Drupes ovoid, glabrous, c. 8 mm long; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sabah).</p><p>Notes — From Merrill’s description, this species has stipules which are oblong, obtuse, 5 –7 mm long. However, from our examining the type specimen, it has stipules, which are triangular-lanceolate, 3 mm long; but has numerous bracts, which are oblong to lanceolate, 5 –10 mm long, which match the description of “stipules” by Merrill.</p><p>This species is closely related to L. membranaceus . It differs from the latter by having leaves usually with rounded or cordate base, numerous bracts, which are oblong to lanceolate, 5–10 mm long and drupes with 4 pyrenes. Lasianthus membranaceus has leaves with acute base, small, linear bracts, and drupes usually with 2 pyrenes. However, as mentioned by Merrill, the apical portion of branchlets of L. cordatus bears leaves without a cordate base, which make it close to L. membranaceus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C530D19FFEB4BEFFD1B7FE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C530D19FFEB4FA4FA6E7A03.text	1664BC603C530D19FFEB4FA4FA6E7A03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus coriaceifolius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>31. Lasianthus coriaceifolius H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 10</p><p>Proximus L. myrtifolio Ridl. subsp. vicario H.Zhu, sed foliis majoribus 9–11 cm longis 3–4.5 cm latis, nervulis reticulatis, calycibus majoribus, tubis calycis longioribus, lobis calycis ovato-oblongis et drupis acute 8-porcatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Lee S.52556 (holo L; iso K), Borneo, Sarawak, Ulu Trusan Lawas, 900 m alt., in hill mixed dipterocarp forest, 12 May 1986 .</p><p>Treelet, 4–5 m high; branchlets terete, 3–4 mm diam, fistulose, glabrous, darkish. Leaves: blades lanceolate-oblong or oblong, 9 –15 by 3 –6 cm, thickly coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces; apex abruptly acute, base acute to subrounded, midrib slightly depressed above, conspicuously prominent beneath, darkish, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 6 – 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 80 °, curved to margin; nervules prominent on both surfaces, conspicuously reticulate, margin conspicuously recurved; petioles 0.5 –1 cm long, glabrous, darkish. Stipules triangular, c. 3 by 3 mm, glabrous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx longcampanulate, sparsely puberulous or glabrous, darkish, tubes c. 3 mm long, lobes 4, ovate-oblong, c. 2 mm long; corolla 8–9 mm long, glabrous external surface. Drupes ellipsoid, 5 –6 mm diam, with 8 acute, conspicuous ridges, glabrous, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, rhombic-circular in the transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sarawak) and Brunei.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forest. Flowering and fruiting between May and September.</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its glabrous plants, thickly coriaceous leaves with reticulate nervules and conspicuously recurved margin, and 8-ridged drupes. It is closely related to L. myrtifolius subsp. vicarius, but differs from the latter by having relatively big leaves (9–11 by 3–4.5 cm) with reticulate nervules, relatively big calyx (5 mm long) with longer calyx tubes and ovate-oblong calyx lobes, drupes with 8 acute ridges. Lasianthus myrtifolius subsp. vicarius has leaves 4.5–7.5 by 2 –3 cm, nervules parallel, calyx campanulate, 2 – 3 mm long with triangular calyx lobes, drupes without conspicuous ridges.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C530D19FFEB4FA4FA6E7A03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C530D19FCA24A18FBD57F3A.text	1664BC603C530D19FCA24A18FBD57F3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus coronatus King & Gamble	<div><p>32. Lasianthus coronatus King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus coronatus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 120;Ridl.(1923a) 157. —</p><p>Type: Scortechini 329 (iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak .</p><p>Lasianthus wallichii Wight? var. penangensis Hook.f. (1880) 181. — Type: Wall. Cat. 8441, p.p (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Lasianthus politus Ridl. var. insularis Craib (1934) 216, syn. nov. — Type: Put 1195 (holo K), Thailand, Surat.</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 5 –10 by 1.5 –3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above except sometime hairy midrib, tomentose beneath, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate, base cuneate to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules inconspicuous. Cymes sessile; bracts linear, 5– 8 mm long, densely tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx and corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, tomentose, crowned by 5 linear calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand (Peninsular), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species has tomentose hairs on branchlets, leaf nerves beneath, stipules, bracts; leaves oblong-lanceolate with cuneate to subrounded base, bracts linear; drupes with 5 pyrenes. It is quite close to L. attenuatus, but differs from the latter by having leaves with cuneate or subrounded base and slender linear bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C530D19FCA24A18FBD57F3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C530D19FCA24FD1FB887311.text	1664BC603C530D19FCA24FD1FB887311.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus crassinervis Ridl.	<div><p>33. Lasianthus crassinervis Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus crassinervis Ridl. (1910) 59. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 14487 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Ulu Temengoh .</p><p>Lasianthus retosus auct. non Wight: K.M. Wong (1989) 371.</p><p>Shrubs, c. 1 m high; branchlets terete, 2 – 3 mm diam, densely brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong, 9–19 by 3–4 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex cuspidate, base rounded to subcordate, oblique, margin reflexed, nerves 10–13 pairs, depressed above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles c. 3 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules triangular, c. 3 by 3 mm, densely tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, outer pairs leaf-like, ovate, up to 1 cm long, inner ones smaller, lanceolate to linear, all of them densely tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx and corolla not seen. Drupes globose, glabrous, 3–4 mm diam, verrucose, crowned by small triangular calyx lobes which are c. 0.5 mm long; pyrenes 4–5, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Notes — This species has nerves which are conspicuously depressed above and elevated beneath, subparallel nervules which are faint above and conspicuous beneath, ovate to lanceolate bracts, as well as glabrous and verrucose drupes.</p><p>Ridley (1923a) reduced it to L. retosus that he sank to a variety as L. pilosus var. retosus . However, it conspicuously differs from L. pilosus (= L. retosus) by having leaves with strongly depressed nerves above, bracts which are obovate to lanceolate, 0.8 – 1.2 cm long and glabrous drupes. Lasianthus pilosus has leaves with nerves slightly depressed above, linear bracts, and pilose drupes with smooth surface.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C530D19FCA24FD1FB887311	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4BEFFE3E78F7.text	1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4BEFFE3E78F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus crinitus Hook. f.	<div><p>34. Lasianthus crinitus Hook.f.</p><p>Lasianthus crinitus Hook.f. (1880) 182. —</p><p>Type: Wall. Cat. 8441, p.p. (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia, Penang, or Singapore .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 3 mm diam, densely brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong, 10–15 by 2.5–4 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, densely brown-tomentose beneath, apex acute to acuminate, base rounded, margin reflexed, midrib and nerves flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 8 –9 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, distinct and prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 3–4 mm long, densely brown-tomentose. Stipules inconspicuous. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, filiform, up to 1 cm long, densely tomentose, forming a dense head. Flowers clustered, sessile; calyx and corolla not seen. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, densely brown-tomentose, 5-ridged, crowned by 5 linear calyx lobes which are c. 2 mm long and tomentose; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species has branchlets and leaf blades beneath rusty-tomentose, cymes sessile, bracts filiform, dense and numerous. The type is a fragment mounted with two other taxa, i.e. L. attenuatus and L. attenuatus var. minor on the same sheet. Only one specimen from Peninsular Malaysia (FRI 15716 from Fraser’s hill of Pahang) in L that we examined matches the type and description. This species is closely related to L. lineolatus Craib by its indumentum and bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4BEFFE3E78F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4893FF717CBB.text	1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4893FF717CBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus curtisii King & Gamble	<div><p>35. Lasianthus curtisii King &amp; Gamble — Map 4</p><p>Lasianthus curtisii King &amp; Gamble (1904) 128;Ridl.(1923a) 161; Craib (1934) 209; T.Yamaz.(1964) 352, p.p.; T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 126, f. 5; H. Zhu (1994) 64; (1998) 151; H.S. Lo (1999) 92; H. Zhu (2001b) 126; (2002) 86. —</p><p>Lectotype: Curtis 284 (lecto SING, designated by Zhu 2002; isolecto K), Peninsular Malaysia, Penang .</p><p>Lasianthus formosensis Matsum. var. hirsuta Matsum. (1901) 17. — Type: Owatari s.n. (holo TI, n.v.), Taiwan.</p><p>Lasianthus kwangtungensis Merr. (1929b) 323. — Type: Tsiang 55 (holo SCBI; iso K), China, Hongkong.</p><p>Lasianthus condorensis Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 385. — Syntypes: Balansa 2658 (P), Vietnam Tonkin, Bavi; Eberhardt 1981 (P), Annam, Quang-tri; Harmand 916 (P), Cochinchina [Vietnam], Condor.</p><p>Lasianthus pseudo­lucidus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 128; Ridl. (1923a) 168. — Type: Wray 4109 (holo SING), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 5000 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m tall; branches and branchlets terete, c. 1.5– 2 mm diam, densely villous. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 5 –9 by 2 – 3 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, densely and softy villous beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate, base cuneate or obtuse, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 4–5 mm long, villose. Stipules minute, inconspicuous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx divided nearly to the base into 5 lanceolate up to 5 mm long, acuminate lobes, hirsute outside; corolla 7–8 mm long, 5-lobed, outside hispid, inside villous, the throat hairy. Drupes ovoid-globose, hirsute, 4–5 mm diam, crowned by the long persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — China, Japan (Amami, Kyushu, Ryukyu), Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Note — Wong (1989) reduced L. pseudo­lucidus to L. curtisii . Lasianthus pseudo­lucidus is very closely related to L. curtisii in having calyx almost the same as the latter. However, it has narrower leaves, which is a little different from the typical L. curtisii .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6D0D27FFEB4893FF717CBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6D0D27FCA24BEFFA6D780C.text	1664BC603C6D0D27FCA24BEFFA6D780C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus cyanocarpoides Valeton	<div><p>36. Lasianthus cyanocarpoides Valeton</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpoides Valeton (1927) 108; Merr. &amp; L.M. Perry (1946) 219. — Type: Schlechter 17805 (holo S; iso K, L), Papua New Guinea, Kaiser-Wilhemsland, 1000 m, 29 May 1908 .</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, up to 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 3 mm diam, densely hirsute, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-elliptic, rarely obovate, 10–15 by 4–6 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above except hirsute hairs on midrib, hirsute beneath, apex cuspidate to cuspidate-caudate, base cuneate, slightly asymmetric, nerves 9–13 pairs, flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, prominent beneath, subreticulate; petioles 5 – 8 mm long, densely dark-brown-hirsute. Stipules linear-lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate, up to 8 mm long, hirsute, cadulous. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, hirsute, outer ones with a midrib, leaf-like, lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm long, hirsute, inner ones smaller, lanceolate to linear. Flowers sessile; calyx obconical, c. 2 mm long, densely long-hirsute, lobes 5, subulate, c. 1 mm long; corolla tube c. 5 mm long, hirsute, lobes 5, triangular, c. 3 mm long, hirsute. Drupes subglobose, c. 3 mm diam, hirsute; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6D0D27FCA24BEFFA6D780C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6D0D25FCA2480AFD307F1F.text	1664BC603C6D0D25FCA2480AFD307F1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack	<div><p>37. Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack (1823) 125; Miq. (1857) 316; (1869) 245 (p.p. excl.syn. L. densifolius Miq.); Merr.(1952) 229;Bakh.f.(1965) 338. —</p><p>Type: Jack s.n. (lost), Sumatra, Tappanooly (west coast of Sumatra), Borssum 1864 (neo L, designated here), west coast, Lubuk Sikaping .</p><p>Lasianthus inaequalis Blume (1826 –1827) 996; Miq. (1857) 316; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 114; Elmer (1906b) 10; Merr. (1921) 578; (1923) 566; Ridl. (1923a) 155; Valeton (1927) 106;Merr.(1937) 298; K.M. Wong (1989) 370; H. Zhu (2001b) 131, syn.nov. — Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, here designated, barcode L0000688; isolecto K), Java, Seribu.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack var. subsessilis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 113. — Syntypes: Ridley 9730 (n.v.), Perk; King’s collector 472 (K); Scortechini 1207 (K).</p><p>Lasianthus subinaequalis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 120;Ridl.(1923a) 155; Craib (1934) 218. — Syntypes: King’s collector 157 (n.v.), 3358 (n.v.), Ridley 9715 (SING), Wray 2588 (SING), 3451 (SING), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak.</p><p>Lasianthus bractescens Ridl.(1918) 85; (1923a) 154;K.M. Wong (1989) 370, syn. nov. — Type: Ridley 8213 (syn K), Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor, Batu Caves .</p><p>Lasianthus bractescens Ridl. var. rosulatus Ridl. (1918) 85; (1923a) 154, syn. nov. — Type: Ridley s.n. (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak.</p><p>Lasianthus inaequalis Blume var. angustibractea Valeton (1927) 107, syn nov. — Type: Schlechter 19334 (syn K), New Guinea.</p><p>Shrubs; branches terete, 1.5–2 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate-oblong, 8–13.5 by 2.5–4.5 cm, membranaceous,glabrous except tomentose midrib and puberulous nerves above, or all tomentose, softly tomentose beneath, apex shortly acuminate or caudate, base rounded, oblique or oblique cordate, midrib conspicuous above,prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subreticulate; petioles short, c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules linear, inconspicuous, densely tomentose, deciduous. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, densely tomentose, outer ones leaf-like, broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate at apex, up to 1.8 cm long, long-tomentose, inner ones becoming smaller. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate with 4–5 deep unequal lanceolate or linear-lanceolate tomentose 3–4 mm long lobes; corolla short, 4–5-lobed, glabrous inside, long yellow pilose outside. Drupes ovoid, sparsely pilose, crowned by the persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, rugose.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Lesser Sunda Islands, Irian Jaya), Philippines, Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — As mentioned earlier in this paper, Jack’s holos were destroyed by fire in 1824. The type of L. cyanocarpus was certainly lost. The name L. cyanocarpus has been misused for the species L. hirsutus for a long time and in many taxonomic references as pointed out by Merrill (1952).</p><p>A specimen Blume s.n. (L0000688) from Seribu of Java indicated as L. inaequalis with Blume’s handwriting is recognised to be a syntype and here designated as lectotype because more than one locality was mentioned in Blume’s original description. Miquel (1869) reduced L. inaequalis to a synonym of L. cyanocarpus . Merrill (1952) confirmed that L. inaequalis from Java is conspecific to L. cyanocarpus . Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr (1965) followed Miquel and Merrill in the treatments of Java Lasianthus . From Jack’s description L. cyanocarpus has large cordate bracts, which is a key diagnostic character.After checking all Malesian specimens, we are sure that L. inaequalis is conspecific to L. cyanocarpus . Miquel’s and Merrill’s treatments are correct.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus is very closely related to L. attenuatus, but differs from the latter by having cordate to broadly lanceolate, somewhere leaf-like bracts. Lasianthus cyanocarpus differs from L. hirsutus by having relatively small leaves with cordate, slightly oblique bases, usually less and relatively small bracts. Lasianthus hirsutus has relatively large leaves with cuneate, little unequal base; relatively long petioles; conspicuous triangular stipules; more bracts with outer ones ovate-oblong, and leaf-like, inner ones gradually narrower and smaller; as well as usually long rough hairs cover.</p><p>From Ridley’s description, L. bractescens var. rosulatus has oblong, broad and sessile leaves with unequal base; bracts ovate acute, forming a rosette, which strongly suggest it is the same species as L. cyanocarpus although its type is not seen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6D0D25FCA2480AFD307F1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6F0D25FFEB4FFCFB987B8F.text	1664BC603C6F0D25FFEB4FFCFB987B8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus depressineurus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>38. Lasianthus depressineurus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 11</p><p>Proximus L. inodorus Blume, sed foliis minoribus ovato-lanceolatis, costis et nervis supra conspicue depressis, lobis calycis ovatis longioribus tubo differt. —</p><p>Typus: Dyg Awa &amp; Lee S.50579 (holo L; iso K, MO), Borneo, Sarawak, Bt. Lawi, Bario, 1290 m alt., in hill mixed dipterocarp forest, on top of the ridge, 3 Aug. 1985 .</p><p>Treelet, 2 m high; branchlets slender, terete, c. 1 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate, 8–11 by 1.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous except pubescent midrib and nerves beneath, apex caudate, base acute or subrounded; midrib and nerves deeply depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–60°, curved to margin, nervules obscure above, prominent beneath, reticulate, glabrous, margin conspicuously recurved; petioles 5 – 8 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules triangular, c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Inflorescences sessile; bracts ovate-orbicular, c. 3 mm long, pubescent surfaces; bracteoles oblong, c. 2.5 mm long, pubescent. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, pubescent, lobes 5, ovate, c. 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm broad, pubescent both surfaces, densely hirsute on margin, tubes c. 2 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, pubescent, crowned by persistent ovate, c. 4 mm long calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysian (Sarawak).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forest between 1290 – 1400 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting in August.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Borneo, Sarawak, Limbang, D. Awa &amp; B. Lee S.47839 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its deeply depressed midrib and nerves above surface and ovate-orbicular bracts. It seems to be related to L. inodorus, but conspicuously differs from the latter by having small ovate-lanceolate leaves with deeply depressed midrib and nerves above, ovate calyx lobes longer than the tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6F0D25FFEB4FFCFB987B8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6F0D25FCA24B8CFB9D7D61.text	1664BC603C6F0D25FCA24B8CFB9D7D61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus dinghouanus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>39. Lasianthus dinghouanus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 12</p><p>Proximus L. laxifloroideo H.Zhu, sed foliis lineari-lanceolatis 1–2 cm latis apice longicaudatis, floribus minoribus, lobis calycis triangularis 0.8 mm longis differt.A L. foetidissimo A.Chev.ex Pit. foliis apice longicaudatis,nervis 3–4-binatis, floribus 4-meris, drupis glabris et pyrenis 4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Dyg Awa et al. S. 46999 (holo L; iso K, L), Borneo, G. Kanji, Lindu, 530 m alt., in non-dipterocarp forest on sandy soil, 18 Apr. 1984 .</p><p>Treelet, 4 m high, 2 cm diam; branchlets slender, terete, c. 2 mm diam, subglabrous to appressed-pubescent, brown. Leaves: blades linear-lanceolate, 10–14 by 1–2 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous except more or less appressed-pubescent midrib and nerves beneath, apex long caudate, margin recurved, base acute to acuminate, midrib flat above, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 3–4 pairs, nervules slightly obscure above, conspicuous beneath, parallel, glabrous; petioles 8 –10 mm long, slender, more or less appressed-pubescent. Stipules subulate-triangular to triangular, 1–1.5 mm long, pubescent. Inflorescences peduncled; peduncles 5 –20 mm long, slender, trifurcate at apex, more or less pubescent; bracts very small, subulate, c. 1 mm long, pubescent. Flowers shortly pediceled; calyx campanulate, pubescent, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 4, triangular, c. 0.8 mm long; corolla c. 5 mm long, tube glabrous outside, lobes 4, ovate, c. 1 mm long, pubescent external surface. Drupes with 1–2 mm long pedicels, globose, c. 4 mm diam, glabrous but very verrucose, 4-ridged; pyrenes 4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Lower montane forest between 500 – 1300 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between April and October.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sarawak,Lundu, Ftr. Ilias Paie S. 13619 (K, L); same locality, J.D. Mamit S.35169 (K, L); same locality, P.S.Ashton S.18876 (K, L); Sarawak, Gunong Silantek, Ilias Paie S. 42455 (K, L); Sarawak, G.Buri, P.Chai et al. S.36803 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. laxifloroideus . It differs from the latter by having glabrous or sparsely appressed-pubescent on branches and leaf midrib beneath, leaves linear-lanceolate, less than 2 cm broad; leaf apex long caudate; flowers relatively small, calyx lobes triangular, c. 0.8 mm long. It is also similar to L. foetidissimus, but differs from the latter by having leaves with a long caudate apex, nerves 3–4 pairs, flowers 4-merous, drupes glabrous with 4 pyrenes. Lasianthus foetidissimus has leaves with an acuminate and mucronate apex; nerves 6 pairs; flowers 5-merous; drupes pubescent with 5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6F0D25FCA24B8CFB9D7D61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C6F0D22FCA24D26FE5079DB.text	1664BC603C6F0D22FCA24D26FE5079DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ellipticus Wight	<div><p>40. Lasianthus ellipticus Wight</p><p>Lasianthus ellipticus Wight (1846) 507; Hook.f. (1880) 182; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 118; Ridl. (1923a) 159; K.M. Wong (1989) 372; H. Zhu (2001b) 126. —</p><p>Type: Kew Distrib. 2934 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Lasianthus venulosus Ridl.(1912) 23, non Wight (1846). — Syntypes: Chan Chu Kang 6146 (n.v.), Ridley 12542 (iso K), Bukit Panjang, Singapore.</p><p>Lasianthus sordidus Ridl.(1911) 60. — Type: Ridley 14488 (iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Ulu Temengoh.</p><p>Lasianthus scalaris Craib (1933) 26; (1934) 216. — Type: Kerr 18809 (holo K; iso BK), Thailand, Puket .</p><p>Lasianthus velutinus Ridl.(1920) 144;(1923a) 159;K. M. Wong (1989) 372,syn. nov. — Type: Ridley s.n. (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Kelantan.</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m high, branchlets densely hirsute to tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 10–15 by 5 –7 cm, rigid chartaceous to subcoriaceous, usually glabrous above, appressed-hirsute on midrib, nerves and nervules beneath, apex acute to shortly caudate or cuspidate-acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves and nervules conspicuous or slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules parallel, margin recurved; petioles 0.8 –1.7 cm long, densely hirsute. Stipules broadly triangular, up to 7 mm long, 4.5 mm broad, hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts conspicuous, up to 9 mm long, linear or lanceolate, densely long-hirsute. Flowers sessile; calyx long-hirsute, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 5 narrowly triangular, c. 1 mm long, hirsute outside; corolla tube c. 4–5 mm long, glabrous, corolla lobes 5, c. 2 mm long, long-hirsute outside, floccose inside. Drupes subglobose c. 5 mm diam, hirsute; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus velutinus is almost the same as L. ellipticus except a little denser tomentose hairs which is not enough to separate it from the latter.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C6F0D22FCA24D26FE5079DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C680D22FFEB49B2FE137DD3.text	1664BC603C680D22FFEB49B2FE137DD3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus eriocalyx H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>41. Lasianthus eriocalyx H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 13</p><p>Similis L. ferrugineus King &amp; Gamble, sed foliis longissimis, stipulis minutis 1 mm longis et lobis calycis 7–8 differt. —</p><p>Typus: F.S.P. Ng s.n. KEP­FRI 22027 (holo L; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Ulu Trengganu, 900 m alt., in hillside primary forest, 26 Mar. 1974 .</p><p>Treelet, c. 6 m high, crown spreading horizontally; branchlets terete, densely yellowish tomentose. Leaves: blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 23–25 by 3–4 cm, chartaceous, tomentose on both surfaces, apex acuminate to caudate, base acute to subrounded, midrib densely tomentose, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, tomentose, 16 –18 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60°, curved to margin, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, reticulate, tomentose; petioles c. 5 mm long, tomentose. Stipules small, triangular, c. 1 mm long, tomentose. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers in fascicle, sessile; calyx densely tomentose, tube c. 2.5 mm long, lobes 7–8, lanceolate, 3 mm long, 1 mm broad, densely tomentose external surface, sericeous internal surface; corolla not seen (from the description on the label of the type specimen, the corolla is whitish green, filled with hairs inside). Fruits not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane primary forest. Flowering in March.</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by having very tomentose hairs on branchlets, leaves and calyx; leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, very long; calyx with 7–8 lanceolate lobes. This species is most similar to L. ferrugineus, but differs from the latter by having much longer leaves (23– 25 cm long), very small stipules (1 mm long) and calyx lobes 7–8. Lasianthus ferrugineus has leaves less than 18 cm long, stipules more than 3 mm long and calyx lobes 5.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C680D22FFEB49B2FE137DD3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C680D22FFEB4DB7FA6E7A1D.text	1664BC603C680D22FFEB4DB7FA6E7A1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus euneurus Stapf	<div><p>42. Lasianthus euneurus Stapf</p><p>Lasianthus euneurus Stapf (1894) 185; Merr. (1921) 577. —</p><p>Type: Haviland 1119 (holo K; iso SING), Borneo, 7600 ft, in upper montane rainforests .</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 5–10 by 1.5–4 cm, coriaceous, glabrous except pubescence on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute to acute-cuspidate, base acute, midrib and nerves flat or slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 7– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct and nitid both surfaces, densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, densely pubescent. Stipules subulate-triangular, c. 1 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx obconical to campanulate, c. 1.5 mm long, pubescent outside, calyx limb truncate or minutely 4-toothed; corolla tube c. 3–4 mm long, puberulous outside, corolla lobes 4, ovate, pubescent outside, floccose inside; anthers 4. Drupes subglobose, 2–3 mm diam, sparsely pubescent, 4-obtuse-ridged; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Borneo) and Indonesia (Sumatra).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C680D22FFEB4DB7FA6E7A1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C680D22FCA24AFCFC3E7E89.text	1664BC603C680D22FCA24AFCFC3E7E89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus fasciculus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>43. Lasianthus fasciculus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 14</p><p>Proximus L. euneuro Stapf, sed floribus 5-meris, calycibus 3–4 mm longis, lobis calycis triangulatis 1–1.5 mm longis, foliis 10–15 cm longis, nervis 9–11-binatis et nervulis supra obscuris differt. —</p><p>Typus: Kessler PK 32 (holo L), Sumatra, Kabulaten Tapanuli Utara Tele, 1650 m alt., in primary forest, 2 Dec. 1988 .</p><p>Treelet, c. 4–5 m high; branchlets compressed at the youngest part, densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong, 10–15 by 3– 5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, pubescent venation beneath, apex acute, mucronate, base acute, margin recurved, midrib depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 9–11 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to margin, nervules obscure above, prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, densely appressed-pubescent. Stipules triangular, c. 1 mm long, densely appressed-pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, 2–4 mm long, densely pubescent, lobes 5, triangular, 1–1.5 mm long, pubescent except margins external surface, tube 1.5 –2 mm long, densely pubescent; corolla 6–7 mm long, lobes 5, triangular-lanceolate, c. 2 mm long, densely pubescent external surface, floccose internal surface, tube glabrous at the lower part. Fruits not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (West Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forests between 1650 – 2300 m altitude. Flowering during December and February.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. W Sumatra, Gunung Rasam, H. Nagamasu 3691 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. euneurus, but differs from the latter by having 5-merous flowers, calyx 3–4 mm long with triangular, 1–1.5 mm long lobes, leaves relatively big, 10–15 by 3– 5 cm, with 9 –11 pairs of nerves, nervules obscure above. Lasianthus euneurus has 4-merous flowers, calyx 1–1.5 mm long with 4 minute teeth, leaves less than 10 cm long with 7–8 pairs of nerves, nervules conspicuous and prominent above.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C680D22FCA24AFCFC3E7E89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C680D2FFCA24E81FE89793D.text	1664BC603C680D2FFCA24E81FE89793D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ferrugineus King & Gamble	<div><p>44. Lasianthus ferrugineus King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus ferrugineus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 130. —</p><p>Type: Wray 3911 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 4500 ft.</p><p>Shrubs to treelets; c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 12–15 by 2.5– 3.5 cm, subcoriaceous, tomentose on both surfaces but denser beneath, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, dark-brown when dry, midrib dense brown-tomentose on both surfaces, prominent beneath, nerves 14–18 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of c. 70°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, reticulate; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely brown-tomentose. Stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, densely brown-tomentose. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx tubular-campanulate, densely tomentose, c. 3 mm long, with 5 lanceolate or subulate lobes; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, densely brown-tomentose, 3–4 mm diam; pyrenes 5 –6, verrucose on the abaxial face, thick-walled.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In upper montane rainforest. Flowering and fruiting in March and April.</p><p>Notes — This species is similar to L. pilosus, especially in the indumentum. Wong (1989) reduced L. ferrugineus to a synonym of L. pilosus . However, it differs from the latter by having leaves with broad-cuneate bases, longer petioles and shorter calyx lobes. We think it is better to keep it as a separate species.</p><p>This species differs from L. hirtus by having relatively small triangular stipules, oblong-lanceolate leaves 12.5–15 cm long, with 14–18 paired-nerves. From King, it differs from L. harveyanus King &amp; Gamble by having leaves sparsely hairy above, shorter hairy beneath, oblong-lanceolate, nerves 16–18; calyx with 5 deep lanceolate lobes; while the latter has leaves scabrid puberulous, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, nerves 4–6 pairs, calyx narrowly campanulate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C680D2FFCA24E81FE89793D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C650D2FFFEB49D9FF287EAD.text	1664BC603C650D2FFFEB49D9FF287EAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus filiformis King & Gamble	<div><p>45. Lasianthus filiformis King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus filiformis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 131;Ridl.(1923a) 169;K.M. Wong (1989) 367. —</p><p>Type: Scortechini 29 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1989), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak; King 857 (para K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak .</p><p>Lasianthus filiformis King &amp; Gamble var. bracteata King &amp; Gamble (1904) 131; K.M. Wong (1989) 367. — Type: Ridley 8578 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1989), Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor; Scortechini 190 (para K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak.</p><p>Slender shrubs, c. 1 m high; branchlets slender, c. 1.5 mm diam, spreading long-hairy. Leaves: blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 5 –7 by 1.5 –2 cm, chartaceous, villous on both surfaces, apex acuminate or cuspidate-acuminate, base rounded to subcordate, oblique, midrib and nerves slender and slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6 – 9 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 45°, curved to the margin; nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles very short, c. 1 mm long, villous. Stipules linear, c. 4 mm long, villous. Cymes pedunculate; peduncles slender, filiform, 1–2.5 cm long, villous; bracts 1–2, leaf-like and ovate, or linear-lanceolate, 6 –10 mm long, villous. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, villous, tube c. 2 mm long, lobes 4, linear-lanceolate, c. 2 mm long; corolla tubular, villous, 4-lobed; ovary 8-locular. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, sparsely long-hairy; pyrenes 6 –8.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This var. bracteata differs from the typical variety by having only a little wider bracts which is not enough to recognize it as a variety.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C650D2FFFEB49D9FF287EAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C650D2FFFEB4D6AFA8778BC.text	1664BC603C650D2FFFEB4D6AFA8778BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus filipedunculatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>46. Lasianthus filipedunculatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 15</p><p>A L. pendulo Ridl. ramulis foliis subtus pedunculis bracteis molliter tomentosis, costis et nervis supra leviter depressis vel planiusculis, petiolis 5 mm longis, capitulis cymae laxis, floribus 4-meris et pyrenis 4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: BRUN 15640 (holo L), Brunei, Temburong, in primary dipterocarp forest, 17 July 1993 .</p><p>Treelet; branchlets terete, robust, c. 2 –3 mm diam, brown-yellowish tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong-ovate to ovate, 10–15 by 2.5– 5 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex caudate to cuspidate, margin recurved, base rounded to subcordate, midrib flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 4–6 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to margin, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, subreticulate, tomentose beneath; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules small, triangular, less than 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Inflorescences pedunculate; peduncles slender, 4–13 cm long, tomentose; bracts 2 in each node, thinly linear, 5 –20 mm long, tomentose; bracteoles linear, relatively short, tomentose. Flowers 1–2 in each node, 4-merous, pediceled; pedicels c. 1 mm long; calyx densely tomentose, lobes 4, linear, c. 2.5 mm long, tube short, obconical, c. 1 mm long; corolla c. 3 mm long, upper part external surface tomentose, lower part glabrous; stamens 4. Drupes subglobose, 7–8 mm diam, square in transverse section, warty, sparsely tomentose, conspicuously 4-ridged, crowned by 4 linear tomentose 5 mm long calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, deeply sulcate on the abaxial face, subrhombic in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo: Brunei, Sabah.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest of lower montane below 1200 m altitude. Flowering in July and fruiting in November.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sabah, Nabawan, F. Krispinus SAN 118556 (K, L), F. Krispinus SAN 118646 (K, L); Sabah, Pensiangan, A. Mantor SAN 136779 (L); Brunei, Temburong, D.A. Simpson 2201 (K, L), same locality, P.C. Bygrave 35 (L).</p><p>Notes — This species differs from L. pendulus by having soft and relatively short hairs on branches, leaves beneath, peduncles and bracts; leaf midrib and nerves slightly depressed or flat above, petioles c. 5 mm long; head of cymes less compact; flowers 4-merous; drupes with 4 pyrenes. Lasianthus pendulus has relatively long and stiff hairs on branches, leaves beneath, peduncles and bracts; leaf midrib and nerves deeply depressed above; petioles 1–2 mm long, head of cymes more compact; flowers 5-merous; drupes with 5 pyrenes.</p><p>This species is also related to L. robinsonii, but differs in having oblong-ovate to ovate leaves, nerves 4–6 pairs, petioles c. 5 mm long and stipules triangular less than 2 mm long. Lasianthus robinsonii has oblong leaves, nerves 8 – 9 pairs, petioles 2 – 3 mm and stipules triangular lanceolate, 4–5 mm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C650D2FFFEB4D6AFA8778BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C650D2FFCA24F5BFC28737E.text	1664BC603C650D2FFCA24F5BFC28737E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus flavinervius Ridl.	<div><p>47. Lasianthus flavinervius Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus flavinervius Ridl.(1915) 154; (1923a) 162. — Type: Ridley 16121 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Gunong Tahan, Pahang .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets robust, terete, 3–4 mm diam, compressed and slightly sulcate in the youngest part, densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong to oblong-elliptic, 10–15 by 3 –5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent on venation beneath, apex acuminate to cuspidate-acuminate, base acute or cuneate; midrib depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 6 – 8 pairs, flat above, strongly prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles c. 1 cm long, densely appressed-pubescent. Stipules broadly triangular, c. 1.5 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx tubular-campanulate, 3–4 mm long, appressed-pubescent outside, lobes 5, ovate-triangular, curved inward, c. 1–1.5 mm long, hirsute inside; corolla hirsute outside. Drupes campanulate, c. 5 mm long, crowned by 5 calyx lobes, pubescent, conspicuously 4–5-ridged; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Notes — The species is very close to L. chinensis . It differs from the latter by having 6 –8 pairs of nerves and somewhere subparallel nervules, midrib depressed above and strongly prominent beneath, nerves strongly prominent beneath.</p><p>Wong (1989) sank this species to L. perakensis . However, it differs from the latter by having midrib and nerves strongly prominent beneath, calyx tubular-campanulate with 5 ovate-triangular lobes, drupes campanulate crowned by 5 conspicuous calyx lobes, drupes with 4–5 ridges. Lasianthus perakensis has midrib and nerves not strongly prominent beneath, calyx limb slightly trumpet-shaped with 5 indistinct obtuse lobes, drupes hemispheric with 10 obtuse ridges and crowned by obtuse calyx lobes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C650D2FFCA24F5BFC28737E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C670D2DFFEB4BEFFE587E51.text	1664BC603C670D2DFFEB4BEFFE587E51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus floresensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>48. Lasianthus floresensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 16</p><p>Proximus L. fortulentus Ridsd., sed petiolis brevioribus c. 2 mm longis, cymis sessilis, lobis calycis oblongis 3 mm longis et pyrenis leviter verrucosis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Verheijen 2359 (holo L), Lesser Sunda Islands, Flores, 22 Dec. 1996 .</p><p>Shrub; branchlets terete, c. 1 mm diam, sparsely hirsute to glabrescent. Leaves: blades ovate-elliptic, 4–8 by 2–3.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous or sparsely hirsute midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute, margin recurved, base acute to subrounded, midrib slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 4–5 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved, joining the veins above near leaf margin, forming an obscure intramarginal vein, nervules slightly prominent on both surfaces, weak, reticulate; petioles short, c. 2 mm long, sparsely hirsute or glabrescent. Stipules very small, triangular, c. 0.5 mm long. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers solitary, sessile; calyx campanulate, tube c. 1.5 mm long, puberulous, lobes 4, oblong, c. 3 mm long, 1 mm broad, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; corolla 5 mm long, tube c. 2 mm long, glabrous, lobes 4, ovate, 3 by 3 mm, puberulous external surface, floccose internal surface. Drupes subglobose, glabrous, c. 5 mm diam, verrucose, with 4 conspicuous, obtuse ridges, crowned by persistent oblong calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, slightly warty on the abaxial face, suborbicular in the transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia: Java, Lesser Sunda Islands (Flores, Sumbawa), Moluccas.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Flowering and fruiting in December.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Lesser Sunda Islands,Sumbawa, herb Soembawa 194 (L); Java, J.H. Coert 1423 (L); Moluccas,Tanimbar,Jamdena, D.R. Pleyte 175 (L), P. Buwalda 4713 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. fortulentus Ridsd. from Ceylon. It differs from the latter by having shorter petioles (c. 2 mm long), cymes sessile, calyx lobes oblong, 3 mm long, and pyrenes slightly warty on the abaxial face; while L. fortulentus has petioles up to 1.5 cm long, cymes shortly pedunculate, calyx lobes triangular, 1–1.3 mm long, pyrenes conspicuously sulcate on the abaxial face.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C670D2DFFEB4BEFFE587E51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C670D2DFCA24BEFFA6F7A15.text	1664BC603C670D2DFCA24BEFFA6F7A15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus fordii Hance	<div><p>49. Lasianthus fordii Hance</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Leaves ovate-oblong, apex acuminate or cuspidate-acuminate................................. a. var. fordii</p><p>1. Leaves ovate, apex caudate........ b. var. microphyllus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C670D2DFCA24BEFFA6F7A15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C670D2BFCA24AF1FF107BA8.text	1664BC603C670D2BFCA24AF1FF107BA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus fordii var. fordii	<div><p>a. var. fordii — Map 6</p><p>Lasianthus fordii Hance (1885) 324; T. Yamaz. (1964) 352 (excl. var. pubescens (Matsum.) T.Yamaz.); T. S. Liu &amp; J. M. Chao (1964) 128, f. 7; H. Zhu (1994) 72; H. J. Li &amp; H. Y. Liu (1998) 284, pl. 126; H.S. Lo (1999) 97, pl. 25: 5–9; H. Zhu (2001b) 127; (2002) 98. —</p><p>Type: Ford 66 (holo BM; iso K), China, Guangdong (Kwangdong), Lo Fu Shan .</p><p>Lasianthus tashiroi Matsum.(1901) 37. — Mephitidia tashiroi (Matsum.) Nakai (1922) 396. — Type: Uchiyama s.n. (n.v.).</p><p>Mephitidia tashiroi (Matsum.) Nakai var. kotoensis Nakai ex Sasaki (1928) 382, nom. nud.</p><p>Lasianthus zambalensis Elmer (1934b) 3209. — Type: Elmer 22045 (iso A, K, L, MO, NY, P, SING), Philippines, Luzon, Pampanga.</p><p>Lasianthus kamputensis Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 392, p.p. quoad syntypes Eberhardt 2050 (P), Pierre 3266 (P).</p><p>Shrubs, 1–2 m tall; branchlets terete or compressed in the youngest part, c. 2 mm diam, glabrous to thinly appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong, 6 –10 by 3 –5 cm, subcoriaceous or chartaceous, apex acuminate or cuspidate-acuminate, base acute or obtuse, glabrous above, thinly appressed-pubescent or subglabrous beneath, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules usually obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles up to 1 cm long, subglabrous to hirsute. Stipules minute, triangular, pubescent. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, sparsely pubescent, c. 2 mm long, with 5 triangular teeth; corolla 6 –10 mm long, glabrous outside, villous inside, 5-lobed. Drupes globose or subglobose, 5 –6 mm diam, glabrous; pyrenes 5 – 6.</p><p>Distribution — India (Northeast), China, Japan (Yakusima, Kyushu, Ryukyu), Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Philippines (Luzon to Mindanao), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus fordii is similar to L. lucidus and are often confused in herbaria. Lasianthus lucidus has small ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaves and lanceolate calyx lobes longer than tube, while L. fordii has leaves from small ovate-lanceolate to bigger ovate-oblong and minute triangular calyx lobes shorter than tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C670D2BFCA24AF1FF107BA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4A6FFF0F79F6.text	1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4A6FFF0F79F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus fordii var. microphyllus (Elmer) H. Zhu	<div><p>b. var. microphyllus (Elmer) H.Zhu, stat. &amp; comb. nov.</p><p>Lasianthus microphyllus Elmer,Leafl.Philipp.Bot. 5 (1913) 1870;Merr.(1923) 566. —</p><p>Typus: Elmer 13790 (iso A, CAS, E, K, L, MO, U, US), Philippines, Mindanao, Mt Urdaneta, 6500 ft, mossy forest .</p><p>Shrubs, branchlets subglabrous to glabrous. Leaves relatively small, ovate, apex caudate. Calyx glabrous. Drupes globose, crowned by minute calyx teeth.</p><p>Distribution — The Philippines.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus microphyllus is very closely related to L. fordii . It differs from L. fordii only by having usually much small ovate leaves with a caudate apex which is too weak to recognize it as a separate species. We here sink it to a variety of L. fordii .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4A6FFF0F79F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4997FDB87E7B.text	1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4997FDB87E7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus foxworthyanus Craib	<div><p>50. Lasianthus foxworthyanus Craib</p><p>Lasianthus foxworthyanus Craib (1933) 21; (1934) 211; K.M. Wong (1989) 369; H. Zhu (2001b) 129. —</p><p>Type: Kiah 24312 (holo BK; iso KEP, SING), Thailand, Pattani .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 – 2 mm diam, densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 9 –16 by 3 –5 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent on venation beneath, apex acuminate, aristate at summit, base cuneate, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6 – 9 pairs, flat or slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nervules distinct on both surfaces, parallel; petioles 5 –7 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Stipules triangular, 4–5 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts appressed-pubescent, outer ones lanceolate, up to 5 mm long, inner ones smaller, linear to subulate. Flowers not seen. Drupes globose, c. 5 mm diam, puberulous or subglabrous, crowned by appressed-pubescent calyx limbs, with 4 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4997FDB87E7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4E10FC2079DF.text	1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4E10FC2079DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus furcatoides H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>51. Lasianthus furcatoides H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 17</p><p>Proximus L. laevigato Blume,sed foliis venationibus brachidodromibus,nervis 4–5, stipulis subulatis minutis, lobis calycis et corollis 4, pyrenis 4 conspicue verrucosis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Ilias Paie S.27239 (holo L; iso K), Sarawak, Ulu Segan, Bintulu, 600 ft alt., hillside, 27 Aug. 1968 .</p><p>Shrub, 1.3–2 m high; branchlets robust, usually compressed, c. 3 mm diam, glabrous, yellowish. Leaves: blades oblong, 7–13 by 2–4.5 cm, membranaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex cuspidate, base cuneate, midrib slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves slightly prominent on both surfaces, 4–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of almost 90°, curved near the leaf margin and joining the veins above forming an intramarginal vein, internerved veins conspicuous, ascending from the midrib at a nearly right angle, combination to the main nerves, nervules slightly prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 0.5–1 cm long, glabrous. Stipules very small, subulate-triangular, less than 1 mm long, glabrous. Inflorescences pedunculate; peduncles 0.5–1.5 cm long, furcate, glabrous except sparse bristles at nodes, flattened at base and nodes; bracts subulate, c. 1 mm long, puberulous or glabrous; bracteoles subulate to ovate, less than 1 mm long. Flowers sessile, articulate; calyx obconical, up to 8 mm long, glabrous, tubes 2.5–3 mm long, lobes 4, triangular-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, up to 5 mm long; corolla as long as calyx, lobes 4, sparsely puberulous external surface, floccose internal surface; stamens 4, adhering on corolla tube; ovary 4-locular. Drupes oblong, c. 5 mm diam, glabrous, verrucose, crowned by lanceolate calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, very warty on abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sarawak).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest between 600–2300 ft. Flowering and fruiting between August and December.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Sarawak, Bakam, Abg. Mohtar S.47207 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its glabrous plants, looped leaf venation, and furcate peduncles. It is closely related to L. laevigatus, but differs in having leaves with looped venation; nerves 4–5 pairs; stipules very small, subulate, less than 1 mm long; calyx and corolla lobes 4; drupes with 4 pyrenes; pyrenes very warty. Lasianthus laevigatus has leaves without looped venation; nerves 8–10; stipules triangular, 4 mm long; calyx and corolla lobes 5 – 6; drupes with 6 pyrenes; pyrenes much more smooth.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C610D2BFFEB4E10FC2079DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C610D2BFCA249BBFBBD7D95.text	1664BC603C610D2BFCA249BBFBBD7D95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus glaber Ridl.	<div><p>52. Lasianthus glaber Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus glaber Ridl. (1911; nec 1910) 59; (1923a) 155; K.M. Wong (1989) 373, p.p. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 11486 (14490 in publication) (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Temengoh .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, sometimes compressed in the youngest part, glabrous, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, thinly coriaceous, 15–18 by 4–5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, apex cuspidate-acute, base acute, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6 –7 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the leaf margin, nervules slender, distinct on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, glabrous. Stipules big, ovate-triangular to triangular-lanceolate, 8 – 9 mm long, 5 mm broad at base, glabrous except the sparsely ciliate margin. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, glabrous except long-ciliate hairs at the margin, outer ones similar to stipules, ovate-triangular, 7–8 mm long, inner ones smaller, lanceolate. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, tube c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, limb with 5 broadly triangular lobes, glabrous outside, long-ciliate inside and at margin, lobes c. 1 mm long; corolla glabrous outside, tube 6 –7 mm long, lobes 5, oblong, c. 3 mm long. Drupes subglobose, c. 5 mm diam, the base narrowed, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Notes — The specimen Ridley 11486 from Temenggo of Perak in SING that has the name L. glaber written on the label in Ridley’s handwriting, is annotated as the type of L. glaber . Although it is not Ridley 14490 in publication, it agrees with Ridley’s description.</p><p>This species is similar to L. stipulari s. It differs from L. stipularis by having ovate-lanceolate stipules and ovate-triangular to lanceolate bracts, 7–8 mm long, with hairs at margin. Lasianthus stipulari s has linear to narrowly lanceolate bracts which are villous and up to 1.5 cm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C610D2BFCA249BBFBBD7D95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C610D2BFCA24C71FA6F735D.text	1664BC603C610D2BFCA24C71FA6F735D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus griffithii Wight	<div><p>53. Lasianthus griffithii Wight</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Branchlets glabrous to stiffly hirsute; leaves glabrous to sparsely hirsute, nervules slightly prominent beneath.......................................... a. var. griffithii</p><p>1. Branchlets completely glabrous; leaves with stiffing hairs on both surfaces, nervules conspicuously elevated beneath.................................. b. var. scabridus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C610D2BFCA24C71FA6F735D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4BEFFE757DE9.text	1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4BEFFE757DE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus griffithii var. griffithii Wight	<div><p>a. var. griffithii</p><p>Lasianthus griffithii Wight (1846) 505; Hook.f. (1880) 179; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 111; Merr.(1921) 577; Ridl. (1923a) 152; K.M. Wong (1989) 371. —</p><p>Type: Kew Dist. 2935 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Lasianthus spathulatus Miq. (1869) 246, syn. nov. — Type: Vriese &amp; Teysmann s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057497), Borneo.</p><p>Lasianthus polycarpus Miq. (1869) 247; Merr. (1921) 579; (1929a) 292; (1937) 298, syn. nov. — Type: Vriese &amp; Teysmann s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057500), Borneo.</p><p>Lasianthus griffithii Wight var. latibracteata King &amp; Gamble (1904) 112. — Syntypes: Ridley 10196 (n.v.), Selangor; Ridley 9528 (n.v.), Perak; Scortechini 6172 (iso K).</p><p>Treelets, up to 5 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3–4 mm diam, glabrous to more or less stiffly hirsute,dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, obovate to obovate-lanceolate, 18–25 by 4–9 cm, coriaceous, glabrous to sparsely hirsute above, glabrous to densely hirsute beneath, apex cuspidate to caudate-cuspidate, margin often reflexed, base cuneate to acuminate, midrib and nerves flat to slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 12– 20 pairs, usually ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure to prominent above, prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles 1–2 cm long, glabrous to hirsute. Stipules big, partly covering the cymes, ovate to triangular-ovate or broadly triangular, 1–2 by 1–2 cm, coriaceous with membranaceous margin, usually glabrous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts numerous, linear, hirsute, forming a dense head. Flowers sessile, sealed (hidden) by bracts; calyx tube obconic, c. 2 mm long, glabrous, calyx limb funnel-shaped, 3–4 mm long, glabrous outside, hirsute inside, calyx lobes usually 6, ovate-triangular, c. 2 mm long, glabrous outside, densely hirsute inside, or hirsute both sides; corolla short, c. 4–5 mm long, glabrous outside, hairy inside. Drupes turbinate-ellipsoid, c. 1 cm long, the base narrowed, the apex crowned by a cupular calyx limb, glabrous except the calyx limb; pyrenes usually 6.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus griffithii has large obovate-elliptic leaves (glabrous to hairy), large broad-triangular stipules, flowers densely covered by numerous filiform to lanceolate bracts with dense hairs outside, calyx with 5 –7 triangular hairy lobes, drupes teethed. Lasianthus polycarpus is just the same species as L. griffithii . Lasianthus spathulatus differs from L. griffithii by having only relatively narrow, so-called spathulate leaves, which is not enough to separate it from the latter. Wong (1989) sank L. griffithii var. latibracteata .</p><p>Lasianthus griffithii is quite variable in leaf sizes and indumentum. It has leaves from relatively narrow spathulate to obovate, from 15 cm long to 35 cm long, most are oblong-obovate and 18– 25 cm long. It is glabrous on branches, leaves and stipules to tomentose or hirsute hairs on leaves beneath, branches and leaves beneath or whole plant.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4BEFFE757DE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4DA8FB3A7A11.text	1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4DA8FB3A7A11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus griffithii var. scabridus (King & Gamble) H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>b. var. scabridus (King &amp; Gamble) H.Zhu, stat. nov.</p><p>Lasianthus scabridus King &amp; Gamble,J.Asiat.Soc.Bengal 73 (1904) 111;Ridl. (1923a) 152; K.M. Wong (1989) 370. —</p><p>Typus: Ridley 6463 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1988), Peninsular Malaysia, Johore .</p><p>Branchlets terete, robust, glabrous, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate to obovate-lanceolate, with stiff hairs on both sides; nervules reticulate, conspicuously prominent beneath. Stipules big, partly covering the cymes, ovate to triangular-ovate or broadly triangular, 1–2 by 1– 2 cm, coriaceous with membranaceous margin, glabrous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts numerous, linear, hirsute, forming a dense head. Flowers sessile, sealed (hidden) by bracts.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus scabridus differs from L. griffithii in having stiff hairs on both sides of leaves, reticulate nervules conspicuously prominent beneath. It is suitable to sink L. scabridus to a variety of L. griffithii as var. scabridus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C600D2AFFEB4DA8FB3A7A11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C600D2AFCA24AF5FC5A7D3C.text	1664BC603C600D2AFCA24AF5FC5A7D3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hexandrus (Blume) Blume	<div><p>54. Lasianthus hexandrus (Blume) Blume</p><p>Lasianthus hexandrus (Blume) Blume (1826 –1827) 998; Miq. (1857) 323; (1869) 249. — Mephitidia hexandra Blume (1823) 51. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0310418) . Paratypes: Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0310419), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0310420), Java, Salak .</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, up to 2.5 m high; branchlets terete, slender, c. 1 mm diam, densely appressed-hirsute. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 4–9 by 1–2 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above except hirsute midrib, pubescent beneath, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate, base acute to obtuse, nerves relatively slender, flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, slender and distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 3–4 mm long, densely appressed-hirsute. Stipules triangular, 1.5– 2 mm long, densely appressed-hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers usually solitary; calyx tubular-campanulate, hirsute, divided near to the base, tube c. 1.5 mm long, lobes 4–6, oblong-lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, long-hirsute outside, glabrous inside; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, c. 4 mm diam, hirsute, 4-obtuse-ridged, crowned by oblong-lanceolate calyx lobes; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — This species has appressed-hirsute hairs on branches, leaves beneath, leaf midrib above and calyx, lanceolate leaves with an acuminate apex and acute base, calyx divided near to the base (lobes lanceolate longer than tube, just like L. curtisii), hirsute drupes crowned by oblong-lanceolate calyx lobes. According to Blume (1826 –1827), this species has 6-merous flowers (hexandrus). According to Miquel (1869), the flowers are 5-merous. In our observation (Sumatra, J.A. LÖrzing 11395), it has 4–6 oblong-lanceolate calyx lobes, drupes with 4 pyrenes.</p><p>Lasianthus hexandrus differs from L. curtisii by having appressed-hirsute hairs on branches, leaves beneath and leaf midrib above, lanceolate leaves and drupes with 4 pyrenes. Lasianthus curtisii has spreading villose hairs on branches and leaves beneath, leaf midrib glabrous above, leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, drupes with 5 pyrenes. Lasianthus hexandrus differs from L. chrysotrichus in having appressed-hirsute hairs on branchlets and leaf nerves beneath. Lasianthus chrysotrichus has spreading hirsute hairs on branches and leaves nerves beneath.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C600D2AFCA24AF5FC5A7D3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C600D29FCA24DDAFE2D795D.text	1664BC603C600D29FCA24DDAFE2D795D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hirsutisepalus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>55. Lasianthus hirsutisepalus H.Zhu, sp. nov.</p><p>Proximus L. appresso Hook.f., sed nervis rare hirsutis subtis, nervulis reticulates, calycibus dense hirsutis, lobis calycis ovato-triangulatis dense hirsutis et pyrenis 4 differt.—</p><p>Typus: Tong et al. S.32936 (holo K), Malaysia (Borneo), Ulu Sg. Masia, 4700 ft, 13 Mar. 1973 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 3 m high; branches and branchlets terete, densely appressed-hirsute. Leaves: blades relatively small, lanceolate, 6 –8 by 1.5 – 2 cm, subcoriaceous, pale shining and glabrous above when dry, hirsute on midrib and sparsely hirsute on nerves beneath, apex acute to acuminate, base acute to cuneate, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 5 pairs, ascending at an angle of 30–40°, curved to the margin, nervules conspicuous, prominent on both sides, reticulate; petioles 5 –10 mm long hirsute. Stipules triangular, c. 1 mm long, hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, densely hirsute on outside, tube c. 2 mm long, lobes 4, ovate-triangular, 1.5– 2 mm long, densely hirsute both sides; corolla not seen. Drupes small, 3 mm diam, globose, crowned by the ovate-triangular calyx lobes, hirsute; pyrenes 4, smooth on abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Flowering March.</p><p>Note — This species differs from L. appressus in having sparse hirsute hairs on nerves beneath, nervules reticulate; calyx densely hirsute, lobes ovate-triangular, densely hirsute on both sides; drupes with 4 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C600D29FCA24DDAFE2D795D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C630D29FFEB4939FA787F28.text	1664BC603C630D29FFEB4939FA787F28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hirsutus (Roxb.) Merr.	<div><p>56. Lasianthus hirsutus (Roxb.) Merr. — Map 7</p><p>Lasianthus hirsutus (Roxb.) Merr. (1952) 229; Bakh.f. (1965) 339; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 282, f. 4; H. Zhu (1994) 58; H.S. Lo (1999) 79; H. Zhu (2001b) 129; (2002) 76. — Triosteum hirsutum Roxb.(1824) 180. —</p><p>Type: Unknown collector, sp.no: 139 (holo BM), Chittagong .</p><p>Lasianthus bracteatus Wight (1846) 501. — Type: Griffith s.n. (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Lasianthus roxburghii Wight (1846) 502. — Type not designated.</p><p>Lasianthus oculus­cati Miq. (1857) 315; (1869) 249. — Type: Unknown collector s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057762), Java.</p><p>Lasianthus laevicaulis Kurz (1875) 327. — Type: Kurz s.n. (iso K), Nicobar Island .</p><p>Lasianthus everettii Merr.(1908a) 265. — Type: Everett s.n. FB. 5591 (lost), Philippines, Negros Occidental.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack var. novoguineensis Valeton (1911) 498; Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry (1946) 219, syn. nov. — Type: Versteeg 1406 (iso L), SW New Guinea.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack var. asperatus Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 381. — Type: Pierre 3256 (syn P; isosyn. L), Bien Hoa.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack var. lucidus Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 382. — Syntypes: Pierre s.n. (P; isosyn. L), Vietnam, Bien Hoa; Harmand s.n. (P), Condor.</p><p>Lasianthus cyanocarpus auct. non Jack: Blume (1826 –1827) 996; Benth. (1861) 160; Kurz (1877) 32; Hook.f. (1880) 179; Hemsl. (1888) 388; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 113; Merr.(1921) 578;Pit. (1924) 381;Ridl. (1923a) 153; Craib (1934) 210; H.L. Li (1944) 430; T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 129, f. 6; K.M. Wong (1989) 370; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 280, pl. 125.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–2 m high, usually stiff spreading rusty-hirsute; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, 13– 20 by 5– 6 cm, subcoriaceous or coriaceous, apex acuminate, base acute, dark-brown when dry, midrib and nerves flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules slender, obscure above, prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 10 –15 mm long, hirsute. Stipules lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, 8 –10 mm long, densely hirsute. Cymes sessile, covered with many persistent leafy bracts, outer ones ovate-lanceolate, 2 – 3 cm long, with distinct nerves, inner ones linear, mach smaller, all hirsute on both surfaces. Flowers sessile, calyx obconical, densely long-hirsute, with 5 linear-lanceolate lobes, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 5, c. 2.5 mm long, long-hirsute; corolla tube c. 1–1.2 cm long, glabrous in the lower half, hirsute in the upper half, glabrous inside, lobes 5, ovate, c. 3 mm long. Drupes ovoid-globose, hirsute to glabrous, crowned by the hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — India, Bangladesh, Burma, China, Japan (Ryukyu), Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Moluccas, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus hirsutus is a widely distributed species. It differs conspicuously from other species of the genus mainly by its usually stiff rusty-hirsute hairs and cymes covered with many persistent large leafy bracts. This species is easily recognized. However, it was mistakenly called L. cyanocarpus by most authors. Although Merrill (1952) showed that the correct name of the species is L. hirsutus, the misapplied name L. cyanocarpus has subsequently been used by many authors. The species L. cyanocarpus is clearly different from L. hirsutus . Lasianthus cyanocarpus has relatively smaller leaves with cordate and a slightly oblique base, usually fewer and relatively small bracts. Lasianthus hirsutus differs from it in relatively large leaves with cuneate, slightly unequal base, relatively long petioles, conspicuous triangular stipules, more numerous bracts, outer ones ovate-oblong, leaf-like, inner ones gradually narrower and smaller, as well as usually long rusty-hirsute hairs on plants.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C630D29FFEB4939FA787F28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C630D28FCA24FECFF4379B3.text	1664BC603C630D28FCA24FECFF4379B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hirtimarginatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>57. Lasianthus hirtimarginatus H.Zhu, sp. nov.</p><p>Similis L. angustifolio King &amp; Gamble,sed ramulis glabris, foliis dense hirsutis ad marginem, nervis 8–11 binatis et petiolis longioribus differt. —</p><p>Typus: Hotta &amp; Tamin 201 (holo L), W Sumatra, Padang, 1300 m alt., 23 Jan.1981 .</p><p>Shrub, 3 m high; branchlets slightly compressed, glabrous, c. 2 mm diam, lenticellate. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 12–17 by 1.5 –2.5 cm, chartaceous, glabrous above, puberulous or glabrescent beneath except pubescent midrib and nerves, apex long caudate, margin densely hirsute, base acute, slightly asymmetric, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 8–11 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, slightly clear beneath, reticulate, puberulous beneath; petioles 1.2 –1.5 cm long, glabrous. Stipules triangular, c. 2 mm long, hirsute. Inflorescences sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx pubescent, with 4–5 minutely teeth; corolla pubescent. Drupes c. 5 mm diam, warty, irregular ridged, pubescent; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lower montane forests between 1100–1500 m altitude in W Sumatra. Flowering and fruiting between January and August.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. W Sumatra,Padang, H. Nagamasu 3140 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is similar to L. angustifolius . It differs from the latter by having glabrous branchlets, densely hirsute leaf margin, nerves 8 –11 pairs and longer petioles (1.2–1.5 cm long); while L. angustifolius has pubescent branchlets, glabrous leaf margin, nerves 12–14 pairs and short petioles (4–5 mm long).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C630D28FCA24FECFF4379B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C620D28FFEB4868FC037B8F.text	1664BC603C620D28FFEB4868FC037B8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hirtus Ridl.	<div><p>58. Lasianthus hirtus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus hirtus Ridl. (1909) 36; (1923a) 153. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 14009 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahan.</p><p>Lasianthus acutatus auct non Miq.: Bakh.f. (1965) 341.</p><p>Shrubs, 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely spreading brown-pilose. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 6 – 9 by 2 – 2.5 cm, thinly coriaceous, densely pilose on both surfaces, apex caudate to caudate-acuminate, base acute to subrounded, midrib and nerves depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 8–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 50°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 2–4 mm long, densely spreading brown-pilose. Stipules ovate, 3–4 mm long, membranaceous, densely pilose. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, dense pilose, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 5, subulate-lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long, densely long-pilose; corolla c. 7–8 mm long, pilose outside, lobes 5, lanceolate. Drupes ellipsoid, c. 4 mm long, sparsely pilose to densely pilose, with 5 obtuse ridges, crowned by densely pilose calyx limbs; pyrenes 4, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi).</p><p>Notes — This species is close to L. acutatus but differs from it by having dense spreading pilose hairs on branches, leaves, petioles, stipules and calyx; leaves relatively small (6– 9 cm long); stipules ovate. Lasianthus acutatus has stiff hairs on branches, leaves, and stipules, relatively bigger leaves that are 12–17 cm long, linear-lanceolate stipules.</p><p>Lasianthus hirtus has ovate and membranaceous stipules, the same as L. stercorarius, but differs from the latter by having dense spreading pilose hairs on branches, leaves, petioles, stipules, and calyx; calyx with 5 subulate-lanceolate lobes; drupes with 5 pyrenes.</p><p>Lasianthus hirtus was reduced to a synonym of L. pilosus by Wong (1989). However, it conspicuously differs from L. pilosus by having leaf blades relatively small (6– 9 cm long) and with less nerves and acute to subrounded base; stipules ovate; bracts absent; calyx lobes subulate-lanceolate, relatively short, c. 1.5 mm long. Lasianthus pilosus has leaves relatively large (10–17 cm long) with usually rounded unequal base and more nerves; stipules triangular-lanceolate; bracts subulate; calyx lobes filiform, relatively long.</p><p>Lasianthus hirtus could be conspecific to L. rufus (Korth.) Miq., because it almost agrees with Korthals’ (1851) description. Without seeing type specimens of L. rufus, we still treat L. hirtus separately.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C620D28FFEB4868FC037B8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C620D28FCA24B8CFB987EDE.text	1664BC603C620D28FCA24B8CFB987EDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus hispidulus (Drake) Pit.	<div><p>59. Lasianthus hispidulus (Drake) Pit. — Map 6</p><p>Lasianthus hispidulus (Drake) Pit. (1924) 393; H. Zhu (2001b) 130; (2002) 99. — Mephitidia hispidulus Drake (1895) 239. —</p><p>Lectotype (selected by Zhu 2001b): Eberhardt 3852 (lecto P), Vietnam. Thai-nguyen .</p><p>Lasianthus brevidens Craib (1933) 19;(1934) 208; H. Zhu (1998) 151. — Type: Kerr 10833 (holo K; iso BM), Thailand, Rachaburi, Prachuap, 700 m.</p><p>Lasianthus bunzanensis Shimizu (1944) 301; T. S. Liu &amp; J. M. Chao (1964) 121, f. 3; H. Zhu (1994) 73; H.J.Li &amp; H. Y. Liu (1998) 277, pl. 122; H.S. Lo (1999) 99. — Type: Suzuki 16385 (holo TIU, n.v.), Taiwan, Taipei.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–1.5 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely brown-villous. Leaves: blades elliptic to ovate-oblong, 7–10 by 3 – 5 cm, thinly coriaceous to chartaceous, apex cuspidate-acuminate or acuminate, base acute or obtuse, glabrous above, densely villous beneath, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 4–7 mm long, villous. Stipules minute, subulate, c. 1 mm long, hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, clusters; calyx campanulate, 1.5 mm long, densely villous, teeth 5, minute, broad-triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, densely villous outside, glabrous inside; corolla white, 5 –6 mm long, 5-lobed, pilose outside, villous inside. Drupes globose, hirsute, 3– 5 mm diam; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — China, Japan (Ryukyu), Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia (Borneo), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Irian Jaya) and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus brevidens from Thailand agrees well with L. hispidulus from Indochina, China (Hainan and Yunnan). We have not seen the type of L. bunzanensis from Taiwan, but from the original description and the checked specimens from Taiwan it is clear that L. bunzanensis is conspecific to L. hispidulus . This species is very closely related to L. clementis from the Philippines. It is separated from L. clementis only by having densely spreading hairs on branchlets, leaf undersurface, calyx and drupes, while L. clementis has densely more or less appressed hairs on branchlets, leaves beneath, and calyx, drupes appressed-pubescent or subglabrous. Both L. hispidulus and L. clementis have close affinity to L. fordii . They differ from L. fordii only by being densely hairy on branches, leaves beneath, and calyx.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C620D28FCA24B8CFB987EDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C620D28FCA24EBDFA6F7CDE.text	1664BC603C620D28FCA24EBDFA6F7CDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus inodorus Blume	<div><p>60. Lasianthus inodorus Blume</p><p>Key to the subspecies</p><p>1. Branchlets and leaves glabrous or sparsely puberulous hairs on leaf lower surface; leaves relatively large, longer than 12 cm .......................................... 2</p><p>1. Branchlets and leaf lower surfaces appressed-pubescent; leaves relatively small, usually less than 12 cm long................................. c. subsp. pubescens</p><p>2. Branchlets with conspicuous lenticel; leaves oblong with subrounded bases; nerves 7–11 pairs; nervules subreticulate; bracts caducous............ b. subsp. montigenus</p><p>2. Branchlets without conspicuous lenticel; leaves elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate with acuminate bases; nerves 6 –7 pairs; nervules parallel; bracts persistent... a. subsp. inodorus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C620D28FCA24EBDFA6F7CDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C620D37FCA24CBFFDA5783F.text	1664BC603C620D37FCA24CBFFDA5783F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus inodorus subsp. inodorus	<div><p>a. subsp. inodorus — Map 8</p><p>Lasianthus inodorus Blume (1826 –1827) 998; Miq. (1857) 322; (1869) 248; Merr. (1921) 577; Bakh.f. (1965) 339; H. Zhu (1998) 152; (2001a) 451; (2001b) 132; (2002) 77. — Mephitidia inodora (Blume) DC. (1830) 453. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n (holo L, barcode L0000690), Java .</p><p>Lasianthus tubiferus Hook.f.(1880) 183; Craib (1934) 219;Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 305,f. 14; H. Zhu (1994) 59. — Type: Hooker &amp; Thomson s.n. (lecto K; designated by Deb &amp; Gangopadhyay 1991; isolecto A,L), India, Khasia.</p><p>Lasianthus poilanei Pit. (1924) 398. — Type: Poilane 234 (holo P; iso E, K), Mt Elephant, 1000 m, Cambodia.</p><p>Shrubs, 2 –3 m high; branches and branchlets glabrous or thinly puberulous. Leaves: blades elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 10– 20 by 2.5 –6 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, glabrous or sparsely puberulous beneath, apex acuminate, base acuminate; nerves 6 –7 pairs, nervules parallel, nerves and nervules conspicuous beneath; petioles 6 –10 mm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Stipules triangular or ovate-lanceolate, 3 – 5 mm long, glabrous, coriaceous. Cymes sessile; bracts persistent, 3 – 6 mm long, orbicular or ovate-orbicular, thickly coriaceous, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers sessile; calyx tubular, tube 2 mm long, glabrous, with 5 ovate-lanceolate lobes, puberulous outside; corolla 10 mm long, puberulous outside, villous inside. Drupes ovoid, 10 mm long, glabrous; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — India (northeast part), Bangladesh (eastern part), China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java).</p><p>Note — Subsp. inodorus has a wide, disjunct distribution. However, the specimens from mainland SE Asia and the ones from Sumatra and Java are almost identical so that clear variation within this subspecies cannot be recognized.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C620D37FCA24CBFFDA5783F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7D0D37FFEB48C6FC587B87.text	1664BC603C7D0D37FFEB48C6FC587B87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus inodorus subsp. montigenus H. Zhu	<div><p>b. subsp. montigenus H.Zhu — Map 8</p><p>Lasianthus inodorus Blume subsp. montigenus H. Zhu (2001a) 451. —</p><p>Type: Zhu 98­7­01 (holo HITBC), Borneo, Kinabalu, alt. 2400 m, in upper montane forest .</p><p>Shrubs, 2 –3 m tall; branches subterete or slightly tetragonous, striate and conspicuously lenticellate, glabrous, incrassate at nodes, internode 3.5–4 cm long, nigrescent when drying. Leaves: blades 12–15 by 3.5– 5.5 cm, oblong, apex shortly caudate, base subrounded, coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, nerves 7–11-paired, tertiary nerves subreticulate, nerves and tertiary nerves conspicuous on both sides; petioles 5 mm long, glabrous. Stipules ovate-triangular, 3 –5 mm long, apex acuminate, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts orbicular, subcoriaceous, caducous. Flowers sessile; calyx glabrescent, tube 2.5 mm long, lobes 5, broad-triangular, 2 mm long, apex and margin pubescent. Fruits oblong, 10 mm long, glabrous; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Borneo,Kinabalu,alt. 7000 ft, Clemens 32536 (K).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7D0D37FFEB48C6FC587B87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7D0D37FCA24B83FCAC7FC9.text	1664BC603C7D0D37FCA24B83FCAC7FC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus inodorus subsp. pubescens H. Zhu	<div><p>c. subsp. pubescens H.Zhu — Map 8</p><p>Lasianthus inodorus Blume subsp. pubescens H. Zhu (2001a) 451. —</p><p>Type: Zhu 98­7­02 (holo HITBC), Borneo, Kinabalu, alt. 1600 m, in lower montane forest .</p><p>Shrubs, 1–1.5 m tall; branches subterete, densely appressed-pubescent, incrassate at nodes, internode 2.5– 3 cm long. Leaves: blades 6–13 by 2.2– 5 cm, oblong-lanceolate, apex subacute to shortly acuminate, base broadly cuneate, coriaceous, glabrous above, pubescent beneath, nerves 6–7-paired, tertiary nerves subparallel, nerves and tertiary nerves conspicuous on both sides; petioles 3 mm long, pubescent. Stipules triangular, 5 mm long, apex acuminate, densely pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts orbicular, subcoriaceous, pubescent, semi-persistent. Flowers sessile; calyx tube 2 mm long, pubescent outside, lobes 5, 2 mm long, broad-triangular, pubescent outside, apex and margin densely pubescent; corolla 8 mm long, tube 4–5 mm long, glabrescent outside, lobes subspathulate, pubescent outside, villous inside; stamens 5; anthers oblong. Mature fruit not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — Subsp. pubescens has coriaceous elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate leaves and conspicuously orbicular or ovate coriaceous bracts that make it a clear species in the genus. Lasianthus inodorus from the mountains of Sumatra and Java is clearly conspecific to L. poilanei of Cambodia and L. tubiferus from India, Thailand and Yunnan of China. The species has coriaceous elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate leaves and persistent orbicular coriaceous bracts, which clearly distinguish it in the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7D0D37FCA24B83FCAC7FC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7D0D35FCA24FCEFDE278D4.text	1664BC603C7D0D35FCA24FCEFDE278D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus iteoides H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>61. Lasianthus iteoides Valeton ex H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 18</p><p>Similis L. hexandro Blume, sed lobis calycis triangulatis c. 1 mm longis aequalis tubo differt. —</p><p>Typus: Bünnemeijer 3578 (holo L), Indonesia, Sumatra Barat, Malintang, Gunung, c. 1100 m alt., 18 July 1918 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, densely appressed hirsute. Leaves: blades lanceolate to oblong lanceolate, 6 –13 by 1.6 –3 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above except hirsute midrib, villose beneath; apex acute to acuminate, margin slightly recurved, base acute, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, hirsute, nerves depressed and obscure above, prominent and conspicuous beneath, hirsute beneath, 7–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to margin, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, villose, reticulate; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely appressed hirsute. Stipules triangular, 1 mm long, appressed hirsute. Inflorescences sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx obconical, c. 2 mm long, densely villose, lobes 4–5, triangular, 1 mm long, villose both surfaces; corolla claviform when in bud, densely spreading villose, 6 –7 mm long, lobes triangular-oblong, c. 2 mm long; stamens with c. 0.8 mm long filaments; styles 5 mm long. Drupes globose, c. 5 mm diam, villose; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — W Sumatra.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest between 100–1100 m altitude. Flowering in July; fruiting in September.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sumatra, Malintang, Bünnemeijer 3862 (L); Sumatra,Sago,Gunung, Bünnemeijer 3686 (L), Dayar Arbain DA399 (L).</p><p>Notes — This species is similar to L. hexandrus, but differs from the latter by having triangular calyx lobes, c. 1 mm long, as long as the calyx tube. Lasianthus hexandrus has lanceolate calyx lobes, 3–4 mm long, conspicuously longer than the tube. Valeton recognized the species as a new one, but did not made the description except a determination label on the type specimen. Here we described it as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7D0D35FCA24FCEFDE278D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB48B5FE0B7D7E.text	1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB48B5FE0B7D7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus iteophyllus Miq.	<div><p>62. Lasianthus iteophyllus Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus iteophyllus Miq. (1869) 247; Bakh.f. (1965) 340. —</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): Blume s.n. (lecto L, barcode L0305214) . Paratypes: Blume s.n. (L,barcode L0305211), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0305213), Java .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, sparsely hirsute, dark-brown in the youngest part. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 12–14 by 2.5– 3 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces except sparsely hirsute hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex caudate-acuminate, base acute, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 10–11 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct and prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 3–4 mm long, hirsute. Stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, glabrous except long-pilose hairs on the margin, coriaceous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, 2 – 2.5 mm long, glabrous, limb pilose inside, with 5 – 6 minute teeth, teeth subulate, c. 0.5 mm long, pilose at the margin and inside; corolla not seen. Drupes globose, glabrous, very verrucose; pyrenes 5– 6, irregular sulcate on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB48B5FE0B7D7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB4D1CFA8A7ACF.text	1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB4D1CFA8A7ACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus kinabaluensis Stapf	<div><p>63. Lasianthus kinabaluensis Stapf</p><p>Lasianthus kinabaluensis Stapf (1894) 184; Wernham ex Gibbs (1914) 95; Merr. (1921) 577. —</p><p>Type: Haviland 1306 (lecto K; designated here; isolecto SING); Haviland 1323 (para K), Borneo, Penokok, 3000–3200 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2 m high, glabrous; branchlets terete, slender, c. 1 mm diam, nitid. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 5 –10 by 1.5– 2.5 cm, thinly coriaceous, apex caudate-acuminate, base acute or cuneate, the margin often reflexed, midrib flat or depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves slender, prominent beneath, 3–4 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved near the leaf margin and joining the veins above forming an intramarginal vein, nervules slender, loosely anastomosing, distinct beneath, reticulate; petioles 5 –10 mm long. Stipules minute, triangular, c. 1 mm long, ciliate at margin. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, lobes 4–5, triangular, c. 0.8 mm long; corolla c. 4–5 mm long, glabrous outside, lobes 4–5. Drupes subglobose, c. 5 mm diam, glabrous, 3–4-obtuse-ridged, verrucose; pyrenes 3–4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Note — This species is related to L. constrictus by its glabrous plants, calyx constricted at the base of the limb and warty drupes with 3–4 pyrenes. It differs from the latter by having relatively small and thin leaves with looped venation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7F0D35FFEB4D1CFA8A7ACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7F0D35FCA24ACCFC1B7FFF.text	1664BC603C7F0D35FCA24ACCFC1B7FFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus laevigatus Blume	<div><p>64. Lasianthus laevigatus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus laevigatus Blume (1826 –1827) 998; Miq. (1857) 320; (1869) 247;Boerl.(1891) 140;Merr.(1921) 577; Bakh.f.(1965) 337. —</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): Blume s.n. (lecto L, barcode L0000692) . Paratypes: Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0000691), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0000693), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0000694), Java, Salak .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 5 m high, glabrous; branchlets terete, 2 –3 mm diam, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 9–18 by 2–4.5 cm, coriaceous, apex cuspidate-acuminate, margin often reflexed and more or less undulate, base acuminate, midrib and nerves prominent on both surfaces, nerves 8–10 pairs, slender, ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, reticulate; petioles 1–2 cm long. Stipules triangular, c. 3 mm long, glabrous. Cymes pedunculate, glabrous; main peduncles 1–1.5 cm long; branches 5– 8 mm long; bracts subulate, 1– 2 mm long, minutely ciliate. Flowers sessile; calyx tube tubular-campanulate, c. 5 mm long, glabrous, calyx lobes 4, lanceolate, 5 –6 mm long, glabrous; corolla 7–8 mm long, tube glabrous, lobes 6, glabrous outside, densely floccose inside; stamens 6. Drupes turbinate, c. 5 – 6 mm diam, glabrous, conspicuously 6-ridged; pyrenes 6.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Indonesia (Java).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — From lowland rainforests to montane forests between 700–1400 m altitude. Flowering in March; fruiting in April.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7F0D35FCA24ACCFC1B7FFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7F0D33FCA24F9CFED87AF5.text	1664BC603C7F0D33FCA24F9CFED87AF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus lancilobus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>65. Lasianthus lancilobus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 19</p><p>Proximus L. robinsonii Ridl., sed ramulis costis nervis subtus, pedunculis et calycibus sparsim hirsutis, nervis 5–6-binatis, nervulis subparallelis, petiolis 6–8 mm longis, bracteis late-linearis costatis 1.5 mm longis et lobis calycis lanceolatis nervatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Church et al. 2639 (holo L; iso K), Borneo, W Kalimantan, Serawai, 1600 m alt., in upper montane mossy forest, 22 Oct. 1995 .</p><p>Treelet, 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, deeply brown, sparsely hirsute. Leaves: blades oblong, 6 –13 by 2.5 – 3.5 cm, chartaceous, glabrous except sparsely hirsute midrib and nerves beneath, apex acuminate to shortly caudate, base acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 5– 6 pairs, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, subparallel; petioles 6– 8 mm long, hirsute. Stipules lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, hirsute. Inflorescences peduncled; peduncles slender, c. 0.3 mm diam, 2.5– 3 cm long, hirsute; bracts 2 at each node, usually unequal, longer ones linear and with a midrib, up to 1.5 cm long, 1 mm broad, sparsely hirsute; shorter ones narrowly linear, hirsute. Flowers pediceled; pedicels 1–3 mm long, hirsute; calyx hirsute, lobes 4, lanceolate, usually nerved, 5 mm long, hirsute external surface, tube c. 2 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, glabrous, 4 obtuse ridges, verrucose on surface, 4–5 mm diam, crowned by lanceolate calyx lobes.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (W Kalimantan).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In upper montane mossy forest. Flowering in October.</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its slender peduncles, linear bracts with a midrib and nerved lanceolate calyx lobes. It is closely related to L. robinsonii, but differs from the latter by having sparsely hirsute branches and leaf midrib and nerves beneath, peduncles and calyx; nerves 5 – 6 pairs, nervules subparallel; petioles 6 – 8 mm long; bracts broadly linear with a midrib, up to 1.5 cm long; calyx lobes lanceolate, nerved. Lasianthus robinsonii has spreading tomentose branches, leaf nerves beneath and peduncles; nerves 8 pairs, nervules reticulate; petioles short, less than 3 mm long; bracts subulate-linear, less than 1 cm long and without a midrib; calyx lobes subulate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7F0D33FCA24F9CFED87AF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C790D33FFEB4A91FE917F94.text	1664BC603C790D33FFEB4A91FE917F94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus latifolius (DC.) Miq.	<div><p>66. Lasianthus latifolius (Blume ex DC.) Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus latifolius (Blume ex DC.) Miq. (1857) 320; (1869) 245; Merr. (1921) 577;Bakh.f.(1965) 342. — Mephitidia latifolia Blume ex DC.(1830) 453. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0057522) . Paratypes: Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0057523), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0057524), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0057525), Blume s.n. (L, barcode L0057526), Java, Salak .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, glabrous except appressed-puberulous nodes. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong, 13–15 by 5 –7 cm, coriaceous, glabrous except sparsely hirsute hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate, base acute or broadly cuneate, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, c. 7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, appressed-puberulous. Stipules triangular, c. 3 mm long, appressed-puberulous. Cymes sessile or very small tuberculate (c. 1 mm long); bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, puberulous, tube c. 1.5 mm long, lobes 5, lanceolate-triangular, c. 2.5 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes globose, red in colour, c. 5 mm diam, glabrous, 12-ridged; pyrenes 6, sulcate on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. calycinus Dunn from Hainan of China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C790D33FFEB4A91FE917F94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C790D33FFEB4E75FA7979EF.text	1664BC603C790D33FFEB4E75FA7979EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus laxifloroideus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>67. Lasianthus laxifloroideus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 20</p><p>Proximus L. laxifloro Merr. sed ramulis costia nervis subtus stipulis pedunculis calycis appressi-pubescentibus, foliis angustioribus, petiolis 5 mm longis, stipulis minoribus triangularis 2 mm longis, cymis 1–2 cm longis differt. A L. dinghoui H.Zhu foliis oblongis vel ovato-oblongis 2.5–4.5 cm latis apice acuminatis vel cuspidatis, lobis calycis lanceolatis 1.5 mm longis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Ching S. 40794 (holo L; iso K, L), Borneo, Sabah, Kelingkang Range, 1650 ft, in mixed dipterocarp forest, 10 Oct. 1979 .</p><p>Shrub, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, densely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong or ovate-oblong, 10–16 by 2.5–4.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous except appressed-pubescent midrib and nerves beneath, apex acuminate to cuspidate, base abruptly acute to subrounded, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves 3 – 6 pairs, nervules prominent on both surfaces, more conspicuous beneath, parallel; petioles c. 5 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Stipules triangular, c. 2 mm long, appressed-pubescent. Inflorescences peduncled, appressed-pubescent; peduncles 0.5 –2 cm long, trifurcate at each node; bracts subulate-linear, 2 – 3 mm long, pubescent; bracteoles small, subulate, c. 1 mm long. Flowers pediceled; pedicels 3 – 5 mm long, articulate, appressed-pubescent; calyx campanulate, appressed-puberulous, tube 1.5 mm long, lobes 4, oblong-lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long; corolla glabrous external surface, 6–7 mm long, lobes 4. Drupes rhomboidal-globose, 5 mm diam, glabrous, verrucose external surface, conspicuously 4-ridged; pyrenes 4, strongly verrucose on abaxial face and sides.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Borneo).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lower montane forests between 350– 900 m altitude. Flowering in April; fruiting in October.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. W Kalimantan, Serawai, A.C. Church et al. 2001 (L); W Kalimantan, Kabupaten Sanggau, W. de Jong 889 (L); Sarawak, Lubok Antu, Dyg Awa et al. 44116 (L); Sabah, Kelingkang Range, Rena et al. S.58966 (L); Sabah, Serian, B. &amp; K. Bremer 1650 (L); Sarawak, G. Lesong, B. Lee S.43203 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related L. laxiflorus and L. dinghoui H.Zhu. It differs from L. laxiflorus by having appressed-pubescent branches, leaf midrib and nerves beneath, stipules, peduncles, and calyx; petioles 5 mm long; stipules small, triangular, c. 2 mm long; inflorescence 1–2 cm long. While L. laxiflorus is a glabrous plant and has petioles 6 –10 mm long, stipules lanceolate 5–7 mm long, inflorescence 3–4 cm long. It differs from L. dinghoui by having densely appressed-pubescent on branches, and leave beneath, leaves oblong to ovate-oblong, more than 2.5 cm broad; leaf apex acuminate to cuspidate; calyx lobes oblong-lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C790D33FFEB4E75FA7979EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C790D33FCA249ACFA9E7D4D.text	1664BC603C790D33FCA249ACFA9E7D4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus laxiflorus Merr.	<div><p>68. Lasianthus laxiflorus Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus laxiflorus Merr. (1937) 298. —</p><p>Type: Winkler 430 (holo HBG; iso HBG, NY), W Borneo, Bukit Mulu, 450 m alt .</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, 3 m high, glabrous; branchlets terete, c. 2.5 mm diam, slightly compressed in the youngest part. Leaves: blades oblong, 10–19 by 2.5 –6 cm, coriaceous, apex cuspidate, base acute to broadly cuneate, midrib and nerves slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 3– 5, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct on both surfaces, subreticulate; petioles 6–12 mm long. Stipules triangular to triangular-lanceolate, up to 5 mm long, glabrous. Cymes pedunculate; main peduncles up to 3 cm long, slender, trifurcate; branches 5 –10 mm long; bracts subulate-linear, 2 – 3 mm long. Flowers subsessile, articulate; calyx obconical, with 4–5 teeth, tube c. 2 mm long, teeth subulate, c. 1 mm long; corolla c. 8 mm long, subglabrous, lobes 4–5, oblong-ovate; anthers 4–5, oblong; ovary 4-locular. Drupes ellipsoid, c. 4 mm diam verrucose; pyrenes 3–4.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan).</p><p>Note — This species is strongly characterized by being glabrous, having relatively large subcoriaceous oblong leaves (13 –19 by 5– 6 cm) with acute or cuspidate apex and broadly acute base, midrib and nerves conspicuously prominent beneath, stipules subulate-lanceolate up to 5 mm long, cymes peduncled, usually two peduncles in each axil, main peduncles up to 3 cm long, bracts subulate-linear, 3 mm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C790D33FCA249ACFA9E7D4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C790D31FCA24D4AFECD79BF.text	1664BC603C790D31FCA24D4AFECD79BF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ledermannii Valeton	<div><p>69. Lasianthus ledermannii Valeton</p><p>Lasianthus ledermannii Valeton (1927) 108. —</p><p>Type: Ledermann 9373b (B †), New Guinea, Etappenberg, 850 m; Takeuchi 5096 (neo L, designated here ; isoneo K), New Guinea, East Sepik, Hunstein range, 915 m alt., 29 Sept. 1989 .</p><p>Shrubs or treelets, 1.5 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely dark-brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic, elliptic-oblong, 8 –13 by 3– 5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above except hirsute hairs on midrib, densely brown-tomentose beneath, apex cuspidate or shortly caudate, margin slightly reflexed, base cuneate to subrounded, rarely asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 6–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct and prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, c. 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 5 – 8 mm long, densely tomentose. Flowers sessile; calyx obconical, densely tomentose, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 5, lanceolate, c. 1.5 mm long; corolla tube 4–5 mm long, glabrous, lobes 5, ovate, c. 3 mm long, hairy both sides. Drupes globose to subglobose, 4–5 mm diam, tomentose; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Irian Jaya) and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — According to Valeton, this species has fuliginoustomentose hairs on branches, leaves nerves beneath, bracts, and drupes; leaves short petiolate, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, subcoriaceous; midrib above and nerves beneath tomentose; nerves 6 –7; stipules linear, hirsute; bracts numerous, subulate-linear, outer ones 7–10 mm long; calyx hirsute, lobes 2 mm long; drupes globose, apex hirsute.</p><p>The type of L. ledermannii was destroyed during World War II in Berlin. There are several specimens from New Guinea, which agree well with the description of L. ledermannii . Among them, Takeuchi 5096 perfectly matches the type description. Therefore we select it as a neotype.</p><p>This species is closely related to the western Malaysian species L. ellipticus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C790D31FCA24D4AFECD79BF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB485CFE307C58.text	1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB485CFE307C58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus linearifolius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>70. Lasianthus linearifolius H.Zhu, sp. nov.</p><p>Similis L. angustifolius King &amp; Gamble, sed ramulis et foliis glabris, foliis linearibus, lobis calycis triangularibus 4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Beaman et al. 7783 (holo L), Borneo, Sabah, Ranau, 750 m alt., in dipterocarp forest, on ultramafic soil, 8 Dec. 1983 .</p><p>Shrub, 1 m high; branchlets terete, slender, less than 1 mm diam, sparsely puberulous or glabrous. Leaves: blades linear, 10–14 by 0.9–1.8 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous or except sparsely pubescent midrib beneath, apex long-caudate, margin slightly undulate, base acute, midrib slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves slender, slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, 10–16 pairs, ascending at an angle of 80–90°, curved near margin, going paralleling to margin for some distance and joining the nerves above, forming an obscure intramarginal vein, nervules obscure above, weakly prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 3– 6 mm long, sparsely puberulous. Stipules small, subulate, c. 1 mm long, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts absent. Flowers fascicular, sessile; immature calyx campanulate, pubescent or glabrous, tube c. 1 mm long, lobes 4, triangular, up to 1 mm long; corolla pubescent on external surface. Drupes subglobose, with 4 obtuse ridges, c. 3 mm diam, puberulous or glabrous, crowned by 4 small triangular calyx lobes; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sabah).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In dipterocarp forest of SE base of Mt Kinabalu on ultramafic soil. Flowering and fruiting in December.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Sahab: Ranau, D. Andau 1049 (K).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its linear leaves. It differs from L. angustifolius by having almost glabrous branchlets and leaves, leaves linear, calyx with 4 triangular lobes. Lasianthus angustifolius has branchlets densely pubescent, leaves oblong-lanceolate, leaf midrib and nerves densely pubescent, calyx with 5 triangular teeth.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB485CFE307C58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB4C3FFA9C7FAF.text	1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB4C3FFA9C7FAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus longibracteatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>71. Lasianthus longibracteatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 21</p><p>Proximus L. rhinocerotis Blume,sed foliis majoribus 26–40 cm longis subtus hispidis,nervulis reticulatis,bracteis conspicue lonioribus,calycibus fissilobis, lobis calycis lineario-lanceolatis 5–6 mm longis differt.A L. megaphyllo H.Zhu foliis subtus hispidis basi subrotundatis, petiolis longioribus, cymis capitatis brevi-pedunculatis, bracteis numerosis 3 cm longis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Burley et al. 858 (holo L), Kalimantan, S. Kahayan, 150 m alt., in primary lowland forest, 1 May 1988 .</p><p>Shrub, 1–1.5 m high; branchlets robust, 6–7 mm diam, fistulose, compressed, glabrescent. Leaves: blades obovate-oblong, coriaceous, 26–46 by 10–12 cm, glabrous above, hispid hairs on venation beneath, apex cuspidate to obtuse, base subrounded; midrib depressed above, conspicuously prominent beneath, hispid beneath, nerves depressed above, prominent beneath, 12–15 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to the margin, hispid beneath, nervules depressed above, prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles c. 1 cm long, hirsute. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, c. 1 cm long, 4–5 mm broad at base. Inflorescences axillary, capitate, very short pedunculate or subsessile; peduncles 1– 2 mm long; bracts numerous, linear, up to 3 cm long, densely hirsute. Flowers covered by bracts, sessile; calyx split into 5 linear-lanceolate lobes near to the base lobes 5 – 6 mm long, 1 mm broad, hirsute external surface and densely hirsute at apex, glabrous internal surface; corolla 12 mm long, subglabrous except the upper part; style filiform, up to 15 mm long; stigma 4–5, filiform. Drupes subglabrous, 6 mm diam, conspicuously 6-ridged, smooth; pyrenes 6, smooth on the abaxial face, ovate-triangular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland dipterocarp forest. Flowering in May; fruiting in February.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. W Kalimantan, W.de Jong 760 (L), A.C. Church et al. 1681; Borneo, unknown coll., L barcode L0310812, L0310813; Borneo, H. Hallier 2016, Teysmann 8005; Sarawak, W.M.A. Brooke 9348.</p><p>Note — This species has the biggest leaves and the longest bracts in the genus. It is close to L. rhinocerotis by its similar capitate inflorescence with short peduncles and numerous linear bracts. It differs from the latter by having much larger leaf blades (26–40 cm long) covered with hispid hairs beneath, and with reticulate nervules; bracts up to 3 cm long; calyx split to the base; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, 5– 6 mm long. It differs from L. megaphyllus by having leaves with subrounded base, hispid beneath; leaf venation more prominent beneath; petioles 1 cm long; inflorescence capitate, very short pedunculate; bracts numerous, linear, up to 3 cm long, densely hirsute.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7B0D31FFEB4C3FFA9C7FAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7B0D31FCA24E6CFA6F7DAF.text	1664BC603C7B0D31FCA24E6CFA6F7DAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus longifolius Wight	<div><p>72. Lasianthus longifolius Wight</p><p>Key to the subspecies and varieties</p><p>1. Leaves with rigid, minute hairs on venation beneath; nervules conspicuously prominent beneath; corolla shorter, less than 1 cm long; drupes crowned by a short cupular calyx limb (not enlarged)...................... a. subsp. longifolius</p><p>1. Leaves glabrous on both surfaces; nervules prominent on both surfaces; corolla longer, up to 2.5 cm long; drupes crowned by an enlarged cupular calyx limb........... 2</p><p>2. Leaves obovate-oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 6 –11 cm broad, apex cuspidate to cuspidate-acute, base cuneate.................................. b. subsp. laevis</p><p>2. Leaves broadly oblong, 11.5 –13.5 cm broad, the apex rounded, the base subrounded...... c. var. obtusifolius</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7B0D31FCA24E6CFA6F7DAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C7B0D3EFCA24C6CFEB5786F.text	1664BC603C7B0D3EFCA24C6CFEB5786F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus longifolius subsp. longifolius	<div><p>a. subsp. longifolius</p><p>Lasianthus longifolius Wight (1846) 514; Hook.f.(1880) 187; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 116; Ridl. (1923a) 164. —</p><p>Type: Kew Dist. 2936 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Treelets,c. 2 m high;branchlets robust,often compressed,c. 3–5 mm diam, glabrous. Leaves: blades obovate-oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 20– 33 by 6 –11 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, rigid minute hairs on venation beneath and scabrous (asperate) when touching, apex cuspidate to cuspidate-acute, base cuneate, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 13–18 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 5–10 mm long, glabrous, or sparsely ciliate hairs on the margin. Stipules broadly triangular or oblong-lanceolate, 6 –12 mm long, glabrous. Cymes sessile or very short tuberculate; bracts inconspicuous or fewer, small, ovate, hirsute, less than 3 mm long. Flowers sessile; calyx tube obconical, c. 2 mm long, glabrous, limb cupular, c. 2 mm long, glabrous, truncate or with 4–5 triangular teeth which are c. 0.5–1 mm long and sparsely ciliate at margin; corolla tube c. 5– 6 mm long, glabrous, lobes 4–6, lanceolate, c. 4–5 mm long, glabrous outside, densely floccose inside. Drupes subglobose, c. 5– 6 mm diam, glabrous, crowned by a usually truncate calyx limb, ridged; pyrenes 6, ridged on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia and Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus longifolius differs from L. griffithii by having leaves with rigid minute hairs on venation beneath, oblong-lanceolate stipules not covering the flowers, without numerous filiform bracts except fewer very small ones, flowers with cupular calyx, drupes crowned by a cupular truncate or small dentate calyx limb.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C7B0D3EFCA24C6CFEB5786F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C740D3EFFEB482CFAB979F0.text	1664BC603C740D3EFFEB482CFAB979F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus longifolius subsp. laevis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>b. subsp. laevis H.Zhu, subsp. nov. — Fig. 22</p><p>A typo foliis glabris nitidis, nervulis subtus et supra prominentibus, corollis usque ad 2.5 cm longis,drupis limbis calycis dilatatis cupulatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Hansen 295 (holo L), Borneo, Sarawak, Gunong Mulu, 200 m alt., in kerangas forest, 7 Feb. 1978 .</p><p>Treelets, branchlets robust, often compressed, glabrous. Leaves: blades obovate-oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 20 –33 by 6 –11 cm, cuspidate to cuspidate-acute at apex, broadly cuneate at base, coriaceous, glabrous and nitid, with the secondary nerves from the costa between nerves, smooth leaf beneath, nerves 7–12 pairs, nervules prominent on both surfaces. Cymes sessile; bracts inconspicuous or fewer, small. Calyx tube obconical, glabrous, limb cupular; corolla tubular, up to 2.5 cm long. Drupes 5– 6 mm diam, crowned by an enlarged cupular calyx limb, ridged; pyrenes 6, ridged on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo (Sarawak) and Brunei.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland primary forest below 500 m altitude. Flowering during October to February; fruiting in May.</p><p>Additional examined specimens. Sarawak, Ulu Medamit, R. George et al. S.43027 (L); Sarawak, G. Mulu, Paul Chai S. 39588; Sarawak, the 4th Division, Othman et al. S.49087 (K). Brunei, Belait, J. Dransfield 6854 (L); Brunei, Bukit Teraja, M.J.E. Coode 6896 (L), D.A. Simpson 2076.</p><p>Notes — This subspecies differs from the typical subspecies by having glabrous and nitid leaves with the secondary nerves from the costa between nerves, smooth leaf beneath, nervules prominent on both surfaces, corolla up to 2.5 cm long, crowned by an enlarged cupular calyx limb. While the typical subspecies has leaves beneath with rigid minute hairs on venation and scabrous (asperate) when touching, nervules conspicuously prominent beneath, corolla less than 1 cm long, drupes crowned by a short cupular calyx limb (not enlarged).</p><p>This subspecies was treated as the typical subspecies. However, the specimens from Borneo are different from the ones from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra. The specimens from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra agree well with the type, while the ones from Borneo are different as discussed above. It is better to recognise the specimens from Borneo as a new subspecies.</p><p>From specimens annotated labels, this taxa has calyx white, petals reflexed, with long violet hairs on inner surface.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C740D3EFFEB482CFAB979F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C740D3EFCA24997FBED7FDF.text	1664BC603C740D3EFCA24997FBED7FDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus longifolius subsp. laevis var. obtusifolius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>c. var. obtusifolius H.Zhu, var. nov.</p><p>A typo foliis late-oblongis apice rotundatis basi subrotundatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Wong 1569 (holo L), Brunei, Belait, in primary forest, 7 Oct. 1989 .</p><p>Treelets, branchlets robust, often compressed, glabrous. Leaves broadly oblong, 22– 28 by 11.5 –13.5 cm rounded at apex and subrounded at base, coriaceous, glabrous and nitid, with the secondary nerves from the costa between nerves, nerves 7–10 pairs, nervules prominent beneath.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Brunei.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest. Flowering and fruiting in October.</p><p>Note —This variety differs from the typical variety by having broadly oblong leaves with rounded apex and subrounded base, 22– 28 by 11.5–13.5 cm.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C740D3EFCA24997FBED7FDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C740D3DFCA24FBBFD41786F.text	1664BC603C740D3DFCA24FBBFD41786F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus lucidus Blume	<div><p>73. Lasianthus lucidus Blume — Map 9</p><p>Lasianthus lucidus Blume (1826 –1827) 997; Miq. (1857) 319; Kurz (1877) 30; Hook.f. (1880) 184; Pit. (1924) 385; Craib (1934) 214; Bakh.f. (1965) 342; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 290, f. 6, exclud. var. caudisepalus Deb &amp; M.Gangop.; H. Zhu (1994) 63; (1998) 153; H.S. Lo (1999) 88; H. Zhu (2001b) 135; (2002) 84. — Mephitidia lucida (Blume) DC. (1830) 453. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated by Zhu 2002, barcode L0000697); Blume s.n. (para L, barcode L0305289), Java .</p><p>Shrubs, 1–1.5 m high; branches and branchlets glabrous or sparsely strigose on very young parts. Leaves: blades ovate, ovate-elliptic, 4–9 by 1.5–3 cm, membranaceous or subcoriaceous, glabrous above, sparsely strigose or hirsute on nerves and nervules beneath, apex acuminate or cuspidate-acuminate, base cuneate, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 3–4 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure above, distinct beneath, parallel; petioles 5 – 8 mm long, usually strigose. Stipules triangular, c. 1 mm long, strigose. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx widely campanulate, with lanceolate lobes, tube c. 1 mm long, subglabrous, lobes 5, c. 2– 3 mm long, usually strigose outside and at the tip, glabrous inside; corolla glabrous to strigose outside, villous at throat inside. Drupes globose or ovoid, crowned with persistent calyx lobes, glabrous, 4–5 mm diam; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — NE India, Burma, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia (Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Irian Jaya), New Guinea.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus lucidus is similar to L. fordii . Lasianthus lucidus has small ovate to ovate-elliptic leaves and lanceolate calyx lobes which are longer than the tube, while L. fordii has small ovate-lanceolate to larger ovate-oblong leaves and minute triangular calyx lobes which are shorter than the tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C740D3DFCA24FBBFD41786F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C770D3DFFEB482CFE827C6A.text	1664BC603C770D3DFFEB482CFE827C6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus malaccensis King & Gamble	<div><p>74. Lasianthus malaccensis King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus malaccensis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 124; Ridl. (1923a) 165; K.M. Wong (1989) 368. — Type: Ridley 3219 (holo SING), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Lasianthus flavinervius auct non Ridl.: Craib (1934) 211.</p><p>Shrubs or treelets; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, puberulous, very dark in colour when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 7–13 by 2 –3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, dark olivaceous-brown when dry, apex acuminate, margin reflected, base cuneate or acute, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 4–7 mm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, the base broad, abruptly narrowed into the triangular apex, c. 1.5 mm long, puberulous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate-cupular, puberulous, c. 1.5 mm long, wide and minutely 5-toothed. Drupes subglobose, glabrous, crowned by 5– 6 obtuse short calyx teeth; pyrenes 4–5, smooth.</p><p>Distribution — Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus malaccensis is closely related to L. chinensis, especially the reticulate nervules and reflected leaf margins. It differs from the latter by having young branchlets puberulous, glabrescent, relatively smaller lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves with acute to acuminate apex, midrib and nerves minutely appressed-pubescent beneath, less nerves (8 – 9 pairs), and smaller drupes. It is also closely related to L. wightianus, but differs from the latter by having young branchlets puberulous and later glabrescent, midrib and nerves minutely appressed-pubescent beneath, nerves 7–9 pairs, stipules relatively small.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C770D3DFFEB482CFE827C6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C770D3DFFEB4C21FB9C7848.text	1664BC603C770D3DFFEB4C21FB9C7848.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus malaiense H. Zhu	<div><p>75. Lasianthus malaiense H.Zhu</p><p>Lasianthus malaiense H. Zhu (2000a) 257. — Type: Henderson 18008 (holo SING), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, Cameron’s Highlands, alt. 5000 ft, 27 Nov. 1925 .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, or slightly compressed in the youngest part, robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely spreading brown-villose. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong to elliptic, 6 –15 by 2.5– 5.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, densely spreading brown-villose beneath, apex acute to cuspidate, base rounded or obtuse, margin reflexed, midrib and nerves flat or slightly depressed above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin; nervules distinct above, prominent beneath, parallel; petiole c. 5 mm long, densely spreading brown-villose. Stipules triangular, c. 3 mm long, spreading brown-villose. Cymes peduncled; peduncles robust, 2 –3 cm long; bracts 2, linear, 7–8 mm long; bracteoles inconspicuous. Flowers subsessile; calyx 3–4 mm long with 5 lanceolate lobes, lobes c. 2.5 mm long; corolla brown-villose. Drupes subglobose, c. 5 mm diam, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus malaiense differs from L. robinsonii in having leaves brown-villose beneath, nervules parallel, petioles up to 5 mm long; robust peduncles 2 – 3 cm long; flowers 5-merous, calyx lobes lanceolate, 2.5 mm long. It differs from L. pendulus by ovate-oblong leaves with caudate apex and rounded base, nerves flat above, nervules parallel, petioles 5 mm long; bracts 2, 7–8 mm long, calyx lobes lanceolate, 2.5 mm long and corolla hairy.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C770D3DFFEB4C21FB9C7848	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C770D3DFCA2484FFA8D735B.text	1664BC603C770D3DFCA2484FFA8D735B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus megaphyllus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>76. Lasianthus megaphyllus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 23</p><p>Similis L. griffithii Wight, sed stipulis triangulatis minoribus, foliis basi rotuondatis vel subcordatis,petiolis brevioribus,bracteis ovatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Nooteboom 4340 (holo L), Borneo, Bukit Raya, 130 m alt., in primary dipterocarp forest, 17 Dec. 1982 .</p><p>Small tree, 2 m high; branchlets robust, c. 4–5 mm diam, subangulose, fistulose, incrassate at nodes, glabrous. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong, large, 22– 30 by 7–12 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acute to cuspidate, margin slightly recurved, base rounded to subcordate, midrib slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, sparsely hirsute or glabrescent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 12–16 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to the margin, hirsute to glabrescent beneath, nervules conspicuous above and very prominent beneath, subreticulate, appressed-hirsute or subglabrous beneath; petioles subsessile or short, 4–5 mm long, sparsely hirsute. Stipules triangular, subcoriaceous, up to 1 cm long, 3 – 6 mm broad at base, brown hirsute. Inflorescences sessile; bracts conspicuous, ovate, 5 – 6 by 4–5 mm, hirsute external surface; bracteoles lanceolate to linear, 5– 6 mm long, densely hirsute. Flowers not seen. Drupes subglobose, blue when fresh, 5 – 6 by 5 – 6 mm, conspicuously 6-ridged, verrucose, glabrous except hirsute upper part, crowned by 5 – 6 triangular-lanceolate, 1.5 mm long, hirsute, persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 6, verrucose on the abaxial face, grooved on the adaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland rainforest (below 200 m altitude). Fruiting from July to December.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Borneo,Tumbang, Veldkamp 8144 (L); Sarawak, B. Lee S.40652 (L), B. Lee S.54735 (K, L), P. Chai et al. S.33331 (L), Othman et al. S.41248 (K, L), Othman et al. S.56055 (K, L); W Kalimantan, J.S.Burley et al. 2894 (K, L); Liang Gagang, H. Hallier 3083 (L); Bukit Raya, Nooteboom 4203 (L); E Borneo, A. Kostermans 10493 (K, L); Borneo, Amdjah 19 (L); Kalimantan Selatan, K. Kartawinata 705 (L); Borneo, F. H. Endert 2661 (K, L), H. Hallier 3289 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. griffithii . It differs from the latter by having triangular stipules, 8–10 by 3 – 6 mm; leaves with rounded to subcordate base; shorter petioles; less dense ovate bracts. Lasianthus griffithii has big ovate-orbicular stipules, usually more than 1 by 1 mm; leaves with cuneate base; relatively long petioles and very dense linear bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C770D3DFCA2484FFA8D735B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4BEFFD107E66.text	1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4BEFFD107E66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus membranaceoideus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>77. Lasianthus membranaceoideus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 24</p><p>A L. membranaceo Stapf foliis coriaceis, venationibus brachidodromibus, stipulis inconspicuis, bracteis inconspicuis, fructibus globosis conspicue octogonis, pyrenis 4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Dransfield et al. 6537 (holo L; iso K), Brunei, Belait, 50 m alt., in primary mixed dipterocarp forest, 5 June 1989.</p><p>Small tree, up to 3 m high, branchlets terete, 2 mm diam, glabrous. Leaves: blades oblong, 9–11 by 3–4 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, apex cuspidate, base subrounded to cuspidate, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 6 – 8 pairs, combinate venous, ascending at an angle of almost 90°, curved near the leaf margin and joining the veins above forming an intramarginal vein, internerved veins conspicuous, ascending from the midrib at a right angle, combination to the main nerves; nervules conspicuous on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 6 –10 mm long, glabrous. Stipules inconspicuous. Inflorescences sessile or forming a very short tubercle; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile, very small; immature flowers only 1 mm long, 4-merous; calyx campanulate, glabrous, lobes ovate-triangular, 0.3 – 0.5 mm long; corolla glabrous on external surface, lobes 4, ovate, 0.5 mm long; anthers 4. Drupes globose, c. 7 mm diam, conspicuously 8-ridged, glabrous, rugose; pyrenes 4, rarely 3, with two irregular sulcae on the abaxial face of the pyrene, subrhombic in transverse section, and with very thick-walled abaxial side.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland rainforest between 50– 300 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between March and June.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Borneo, Sabah, Lumaku, Nooteboom 1167 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. membranaceus . It differs from the latter by having coriaceous leaves with combinate venous nerves forming looped venation; stipules inconspicuous; drupes globose with 8 ridges, pyrenes 4; each pyrene with 2 irregular sulcate on the abaxial face. Lasianthus membranaceus has membranaceous to subcoriaceous leaves without conspicuous looped venation; stipules triangular, 3 mm long; drupes verrucose, without conspicuous ridges; pyrenes usually 2, rarely 3–4; pyrene without 2 sulcae on the abaxial face.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4BEFFD107E66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4E25FA5C7AD8.text	1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4E25FA5C7AD8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus membranaceus Stapf	<div><p>78. Lasianthus membranaceus Stapf</p><p>Lasianthus membranaceus Stapf (1894) 184;Merr.(1921) 578. —</p><p>Type: Haviland 1336 (lecto K, designated here; isolecto SING); Haviland 1300 (para K), Borneo, Penokok, 3000 ft.</p><p>Lasianthus membranaceus Stapf var. firma Stapf (1894) 185; Merr. (1921) 578, syn. nov. — Type: Haviland 1241 (holo K), Borneo, Kadamaian, 5000 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2 m high, glabrous; branchlets terete, sometimes compressed in the youngest part, c. 2 mm diam. Leaves: blades oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, 11–22 by 4–7 cm, membranaceous, apex cuspidate, base broadly cuneate or cuspidate-acute, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat to slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved to the margin, nervules loosely anastomosing, weak at both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 5–10 mm long. Stipules triangular, up to 3 mm long, glabrous or ciliate at tip. Cymes sessile or very short tuberculate; bracts inconspicuous or linear, usually 3 mm long, glabrous or hirsute. Flowers sessile; calyx tube obconical, c. 1 mm long, glabrous, limb c. 0.5 mm long, glabrous, with minute 4 subulate teeth; corolla tube c. 5 mm long, glabrous outside, lobes 4, linear-oblong, c. 2 mm long; anthers 4; ovary 4-locular. Drupes ovoid, c. 10 mm long, glabrous, verrucose; pyrenes 2–4, with thick warty wall.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Borneo), Brunei.</p><p>Note — This species has glabrous oblong leaves, 4-merous flowers, calyx with 4 triangular teeth, ovary 4-locular, drupes with 2–4 pyrenes. The variety firma cannot clearly be distinguished from the typical variety and should be reduced to synonymy. Lasianthus membranaceus differs from L. kinabaluensis by larger leaves with rounded bases. Lasianthus membranaceus occurs mainly on low land and lower montane rainforest below 1500 m altitude, while L. kinabaluensis occurs mainly in upper montane rainforest over 1200 m altitude.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C700D3AFFEB4E25FA5C7AD8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C700D3AFCA24ABFFB327D22.text	1664BC603C700D3AFCA24ABFFB327D22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus minutiflorus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>79. Lasianthus minutiflorus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 25</p><p>Proximus L. phymatodeus H.Zhu, sed foliis conspicue majoribus 15–28 cm longis 3.5 –5 cm latis, nervis 7–10-binatis, calycibus densely hirsutis, drupis levigatis et pyrenis abaxialiter levigatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Buwalda 6546 (holo L), Sumatra, Derapit (C Sumatra), in primary forest .</p><p>Treelet, 1.5 – 2 m high; branchlets terete, 1.5– 2 mm diam, glabrous, brown. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate to ovate elliptic, coriaceous, 15– 28 by 3.5– 5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, apex caudate, mucronate, margin slightly recurved, base acute or cuneate; midrib slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to margin; nervules parallel, prominent on both surfaces, conspicuous beneath; petioles c. 1 cm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous, dark-brown. Stipules triangular, 1.5– 3 mm long, puberulous, bristles from the inside base of stipules existent, c. 0.5 mm long. Inflorescences extremely congested; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile, extremely small; calyx c. 1 mm long, densely hirsute, lobes 4–5, triangular-subulate, 0.5 mm long, densely hirsute on external surface; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, 4–5 mm diam, subglabrous, smooth, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5, smooth on the abaxial face, sulcate on sides, ovate in the transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular), Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland and lower montane primary forest. Flowering and fruiting between February and April.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. N Sumatra, Langkat, Soedarsono 250 (K, L), Soedarsono 327 (K, L). Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, KEP­FRI 6443 (L); Ulu Kelantan, KEP­FRI 5476 (L); Kelantan, M.R. Henderson 19732 (K).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by its extremely small flowers fascicled in the extremely congested cymes. It seems close to L. phymatodeus, but differs from the latter by having leaves conspicuously big (15–28 by 3.5– 5 cm), with 7–10 pairs of nerves, calyx densely hirsute, drupes smooth on surface, pyrenes smooth on the abaxial face, sulcate on sides from cross section view. Lasianthus phymatodeus has leaves 8–12 by 2–3.5 cm, with 4–5 pairs of nerves, calyx sparsely puberulous or glabrous, drupes strongly warty; pyrenes irregularly sharp ridges on all sides from cross section view.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C700D3AFCA24ABFFB327D22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C700D38FCA24DF9FD6A7AEC.text	1664BC603C700D38FCA24DF9FD6A7AEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus mollis Ridl.	<div><p>80. Lasianthus mollis Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus mollis Ridl. (1920) 144; (1923a) 158; K.M. Wong (1989) 373. —</p><p>Type: Ridley s.n. (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Tebong .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, 1.5– 2 mm diam, densely pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic, 8–11 by 3 – 3.5 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above except pubescent hairs on midrib, pubescent hairs on venation beneath, apex acuminate to caudate-acute, base cuneate, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 5 – 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct on both surfaces, parallel; petioles 0.8 –1 cm long, densely pubescent. Stipules lanceolate, usually up to 5 mm long, densely pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts small, lanceolate, 2– 3 mm long, densely long-pubescent. Flowers sessile; calyx c. 2 mm long, with an obconical tube and campanulate limb, tube 0.8 –1 mm long, glabrous, limb with 4 lanceolate lobes which are 0.6–8 mm long and hirsute; corolla 8 –10 mm long, tube glabrous outside, villose inside, lobes 4, hairy on both sides. Drupes oblong, 5 mm diam, puberulous; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Note — This species is very close to L. chrysoneurus but differs from the latter by having relatively small leaves, stipules and bracts, and denser but less appressed pubescence.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C700D38FCA24DF9FD6A7AEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C720D38FFEB4AA8FDB27DE3.text	1664BC603C720D38FFEB4AA8FDB27DE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus mucronulatus (Korth.) Miq.	<div><p>81. Lasianthus mucronulatus (Korth.) Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus mucronulatus (Korth.) Miq.(1857) 325;(1869) 249. —</p><p>Mephitidia mucronulata Korth.(1851) 222.—-</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0057756), Sumatra, Singalang; Korthals s.n. (para, n.v.), Borneo, Balaran, and Pamaton .</p><p>Lasianthus palembanicus Miq.(1861) 549. — Lasianthus stercorarius Blume var. palembanicus (Miq.) Miq. (1869) 248. — Type: Teysmann s.n. (holo U), Sumatra, Palembang, Ogan-ulu .</p><p>Lasianthus stercorarius Blume var. borneensis Miq. ex Valeton &amp; Winkler (1910) 569, syn. nov. — Type: Winkler 2216 (n.v.), Borneo.</p><p>Shrubs to treelets; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, puberulous, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 10 –12 by 2–4 cm, chartaceous, glabrous or sparsely pubescent hairs on midrib above, pubescent hairs on venation beneath, apex caudate-acuminate or acuminate, margin slightly undulate and reflexed, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves slightly prominent on both surfaces, nerves slender, 10–16 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–60°, curved to the margin; nervules distinct on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 2–4 mm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, usually 2 mm long, puberulous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; obconic-campanulate; calyx tube c. 0.8 mm long, glabrous or pubescent, calyx limb c. 0.6 mm long, with 4–5 minute and pubescent teeth; corolla pubescent outside, tube c. 2 mm long, lobes c. 1 mm long. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, puberulous or subglabrous; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — This species differs from L. stercorarius by having usually relatively large chartaceous leaves with broadly cuneate to subrounded bases and more than 10 paired nerves and small, 2 mm long, triangular stipules and smaller drupes without a truncate calyx limb.</p><p>Lasianthus mucronulatus var. lineata was established on Korthals’s Sumatra specimens. It has triangular stipules with swollen base, subcoriaceous leaves with much acute base which are the same as L. stercorarius . Var. lineata here is reduced to L. stercorarius .</p><p>Lasianthus stercorarius var. borneensis is the same as L. mucronulatus morphologically as pointed by Valeton &amp; Winkler. It is here reduced to a synonym of L. mucronulatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C720D38FFEB4AA8FDB27DE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C720D38FFEB4DA7FD367CF3.text	1664BC603C720D38FFEB4DA7FD367CF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus myrtifolius Ridl.	<div><p>82. Lasianthus myrtifolius Ridl.</p><p>Key to the subspecies</p><p>1. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate with a caudate-acuminate apex; calyx and corolla pubescent.. a. subsp. myrtifolius</p><p>1. Leaves oblong with an abruptly acute apex; calyx and corolla glabrous......................... b. subsp. vicarius</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C720D38FFEB4DA7FD367CF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C720D38FFEB4CA8FA4979EC.text	1664BC603C720D38FFEB4CA8FA4979EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus myrtifolius subsp. myrtifolius	<div><p>a. subsp. myrtifolius</p><p>Lasianthus myrtifolius Ridl. (1909) 35; (1923a) 161; K. M. Wong (1989) 369. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 13630 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, 5000 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m high; branchlets terete, slender, c. 1 mm diam, puberulous. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 3 –7 by 1–2 cm, coriaceous, glabrous and nitid on both surfaces, or minutely puberulous hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex caudate-acuminate, aristate, arista c. 1 mm long, base acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath; nerves prominent on both surfaces, 5 –6 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 45°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent and distinct on both surfaces, parallel; petioles 3 –5 mm long, puberulous. Stipules subulate-triangular, c. 1 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, pubescent outside, lobes 4, triangular, c. 1 mm long; corolla c. 5 mm long, lobes 4, linear, pubescent outside, hairy inside. Drupes globose, c. 4 mm diam, verrucose, conspicuously 4-ridged; pyrenes 4, sulcate on the abaxial face and sides.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species has small thickly coriaceous leaves, which look like myrtaceous leaves, and very small flowers.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C720D38FFEB4CA8FA4979EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C720D38FCA249ABFC807C2A.text	1664BC603C720D38FCA249ABFC807C2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus myrtifolius subsp. vicarius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>b. subsp. vicarius H.Zhu, subsp. nov. — Fig. 26</p><p>A typo foliis majoribus oblongis apice abrupte acutis, calycibus et corollis extus glabris differt.Similis L. coriaceifolius H.Zhu,sed nervulis foliorum parallelis, calycibus minoribus, lobis calycis triangularibus, drupis non conspicue porcatis, pyrenis abaxiali laevigatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Banying ak Nyudong S.19397 (holo L), Borneo, Naoung,Anap, 1150 m alt., in submontane heath forest, 11 Oct. 1963 .</p><p>Treelet, 5 – 6 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 2.5 mm diam, glabrous, darkish. Leaves: blades oblong, 4.5–7.5 by 2–3 cm, thickly coriaceous, glabrous, apex abruptly acute, margin recurved, base acute, midrib, nerves and nervules prominent on both surfaces, nerves 6 –8 pairs, nervules parallel; petioles c. 3 mm long, glabrous, darkish. Stipules triangular-subulate, 1.5 mm long, subglabrous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts small, ovate, 1 mm long or inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, 2 – 3 mm long, glabrous, darkish, lobes 4, triangular, c. 1 mm long; corolla 4–5 mm long, glabrous on external surface, darkish, lobes ovate-triangular, 1 mm long. Drupes subglobose, c. 4 mm diam, glabrous, crowned by calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, smooth on abaxial face, suborbicular in the transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo (Sarawak).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Submontane heath forest or mossy forest on the summit over 1100 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between May and October.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Sarawak, Bantulu, E.F. Brunig S.8770 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This subspecies differs from the typical subspecies by having oblong leaves with abruptly acute apex, glabrous calyx and corolla external surface. The typical subspecies has ovate-lanceolate or ovate leaves with caudate-acuminate apex, pubescent calyx and corolla external surface. It differs from L. coriaceifolius by having leaves with parallel nervules, calyx relatively small (2– 3 mm long), calyx lobes triangular, drupes without conspicuous ridges, pyrenes smooth on abaxial face. Lasianthus coriaceifolius has leaves with conspicuously reticulate nervules, calyx 5 mm long, calyx lobes ovate-oblong, drupes with 8 acute ridges, pyrenes with ridges on the abaxial face.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C720D38FCA249ABFC807C2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C720D46FCA24CE1FF317F60.text	1664BC603C720D46FCA24CE1FF317F60.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus nervosus King & Gamble	<div><p>83. Lasianthus nervosus King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus nervosus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 129;Ridl.(1923a) 163;K.M. Wong (1989) 367. —</p><p>Type: Scortechini 342 (holo K; iso BM), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak .</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, 1.5 – 2 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 – 5 by 1– 2 cm, coriaceous, glabrous and nitid above, densely tomentose beneath, especially on venation, apex acute, mucronate, margin reflexed, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, midrib depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves flat above, strongly prominent beneath, 6– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 3 – 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules subulate, c. 1 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose, lobes 4, triangular, c. 0.6 mm long; corolla c. 4 mm long, tomentose outside, lobes 4. Drupes globose, sparsely hairy, c. 4 mm diam; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — This species has densely tomentose hairs on branchlets and leaf midrib and nerves beneath; leaves oblong, 2.5– 5 by 1– 2 cm with acute and mucronate apex and abruptly acute base, midrib depressed and nerves flat above, midrib and nerves strongly prominent beneath; cymes sessile, absent; flowers 4-merous; calyx tomentose with 4 triangular teeth; drupes globose with 4 pyrenes.</p><p>This species differs from L. myrtifolius by having densely tomentose hairs on branchlets and leaf midrib and nerves beneath; leaves oblong, nerves flat above; dupes globose without conspicuous ridges. Lasianthus myrtifolius has branchlets thinly puberulous or subglabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate, thinly puberulous or glabrous beneath, with caudate-acuminate apex; nerves conspicuously prominent above; dupes with conspicuous 4 ridges.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C720D46FCA24CE1FF317F60	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0C0D46FFEB4F27FA6E7B8F.text	1664BC603C0C0D46FFEB4F27FA6E7B8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus nigrescens H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>84. Lasianthus nigrescens H.Zhu, sp. nov.</p><p>Proximus L. sabahensis H.Zhu, sed foliorum laminis oblongis apice cuspidatis basi subrotundatis, nervulis conspicue prominentibus,petiolis 5–7 mm longis et tubis calycis 3 mm longis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Beaman 8149 (holo K), Malaysia (Sabah), Ranau District, East Mesilau River, 1950–2100 m alt., in oak-laurel forest, 30 Dec. 1983 .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2.5 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, glabrous, more or less compressed in the youngest part. Leaves: blades oblong, 6 –12 by 3– 5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, turning black when dry, apex cuspidate, rarely acute, margin reflexed, base subrounded, rarely acute, midrib and nerves prominent on both surfaces, nerves 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 80–90°, curved to the margin, nervules loosely anastomosing, subparallel, conspicuously prominent on both surfaces; petioles 5 –7 mm long, glabrous. Stipules triangular, c. 2 mm long, glabrous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, fascicular; calyx campanulate, tube c. 3 mm long, with 4 c. 1 mm long minute teeth, puberulous or glabrous outside; corolla tubular, c. 1 cm long, puberulous or glabrous outside, lobes 4, c. 2 mm long, puberulous or glabrous. Drupes ellipsoid, 6 –7 mm long, c. 5 mm diam, glabrous, crowned by a cupular calyx limb with 4 minute teeth, 2-pyrene, with cork-like structure between pyrenes; pyrenes with a hard wall, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest between 1800–2200 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting from March to December.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus nigrescens is close to L. sabahensis, especially in the same type of drupes that have a cork-like structure between pyrenes. Lasianthus nigrescens differs from the latter in having leaves oblong, with usually cuspidate apex and subrounded base, nervules conspicuously prominent on both surfaces; petioles 5–7 mm long; calyx tube 3 mm long, not expended at limb. Lasianthus nigrescens differs from L. membranaceus in having coriaceous leaves with nervules conspicuously prominent on both surfaces; drupes with cork-like structure between pyrenes; pyrene walls smooth on the abaxial face.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0C0D46FFEB4F27FA6E7B8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0C0D46FCA24B8CFA6F7A98.text	1664BC603C0C0D46FCA24B8CFA6F7A98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus obliquinervis Merr.	<div><p>85. Lasianthus obliquinervis Merr.</p><p>Key to the subspecies</p><p>1. Leaves with acute base; stipules triangular to oblong-triangular........................ a. subsp. obliquinervis</p><p>1. Leaves with cuneate base; stipules linear-subulate.............................. b. subsp. novoguineensis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0C0D46FCA24B8CFA6F7A98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0C0D46FCA2497FFBF87317.text	1664BC603C0C0D46FCA2497FFBF87317.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus obliquinervis subsp. obliquinervis	<div><p>a. subsp. obliquinervis</p><p>Lasianthus obliquinervis Merr. (1906) 136. —</p><p>Type: Whitford 247 (lecto US, designated here), Philippines, Luzon, Bataan, May 1904 .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high, branches 5 – 6 mm diam, striate; branchlets 2– 3 mm diam, terete or slightly compressed, puberulous. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 10–15 by 2.5– 5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, brownish, apex acuminate to acute, rarely cuspidate, base acute, slightly asymmetric and decurrent, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, pubescent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 3– 6 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–70°, curved to the margin, brown pubescent, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, parallel, glabrous; petioles 1.5 – 2 cm long, pubescent. Stipules triangular to oblong-triangular, up to 5–6 mm long, 3–4 mm broad at base, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts small, ovate to subulate, c. 1 mm long, hirsute. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, 1.5 by 1.5 mm, densely pubescent, limb with 4–5 triangular lobes, lobes 0.5 mm long, densely hirsute outside, glabrous inside; corolla 6 – 8 mm long, densely hirsute except the base, lobes 5, oblong, c. 4 mm long; stamens 5, filaments 2 mm long; anthers 1 mm long. Drupes globose, hirsute, blue when fresh, 4–5 mm diam, crowned by persistent calyx lobes, 5 – 8-ridged, often 6-ridged; pyrenes 5 –8, smooth on the abaxial face, triangular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Philippines (Luzon to Mindanao), Papua New Guinea (Southern Highlands).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Montane forest between 800–1800 m altitude.</p><p>Notes — This species is close related to L. chrysoneurus . It differs from the latter by having leaves with longer petioles (1.5 –2 cm) and acute base, as well as less nerves (3– 6 pairs); bracts small, less than 2 mm long; calyx lobes triangular, 1.5 mm long, glabrous internal surface; drupes conspicuously 5 –8-ridged. Lasianthus chrysoneurus has relatively big ovate-oblong or oblong leaves with petioles less than 1 cm long, the base cuneate to obtuse, nerves 8 –10 pairs; bracts longer than 2 mm; calyx lobes lanceolate, longer than 1.5 mm, hirsute both surfaces; drupes without conspicuous 5 –8 ridges.</p><p>Lasianthus obliquinervis is variable in leaf size. Specimens which were treated as L. obliquinervis were mixed with L. verticillatus even if identified by Merrill himself. From our checking on specimens in L, MO, SING and Chinese herbaria, most specimens indicated as L. obliquinervis agree well with L. verticillatus, while some do not. When Merrill described L. obliquinervis, he cited 10 collections (syntypes). We are not sure if all the syntypes represent the same species. Only two syntypes, i.e. Whitfort 247 and Meyer 2212 were traced and seen. Both of them match Merrill’s description and surely represent L. obliquinervis . Lasianthus obliquinervis differs from L. verticillatus by having stipules oblong-ovate, c. 5 mm long, calyx limbs with 4–5 triangular lobes and drupes with usually 6 triquetrous pyrenes and not crowned by an enlarged cupular and truncate calyx limb.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0C0D46FCA2497FFBF87317	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4BEFFF1178F5.text	1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4BEFFF1178F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus obliquinervis subsp. novoguineensis H. Zhu	<div><p>b. subsp. novoguineensis H.Zhu, s ubsp. nov. — Fig. 27</p><p>A typo foliis basi asymmetrice cuneatis,stipulis lineari-subulatis 6 mm longis differt. —</p><p>Typus: J. Vandenberg et al. NGF.39936 (holo L), New Guinea, Western Highlands District, 4450 ft alt., in Castanopsis forest, 30 Oct. 1968 .</p><p>Shrub, branchlets terete, densely puberulous. Leaves: blades lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 10–15 by 2.5 –5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, apex acuminate, base cuneate and asymmetric, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 6 –7 pairs, pubescent, nervules conspicuous beneath, parallel. Stipules linear-subulate, 6 mm long, pubescent. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, densely pubescent, limb with 4–5 triangular lobes; corolla 6–8 mm long, densely hirsute except the base. Drupes globose, hirsute, 4–5 mm diam, crowned by persistent calyx lobes, with 6 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 6, smooth on the abaxial face, ovate in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Papua New Guinea (Western Highlands).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forest between 1400–1500 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between July and October.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. New Guinea, Western Highlands, Streimann 8460 (L).</p><p>Note — This subspecies differs from the typical subspecies by having leaves with cuneate and asymmetric bases, stipules linear-subulate (6 mm long). The typical subspecies has leaves with acute and symmetrical bases, stipules triangular to oblong-triangular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4BEFFF1178F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4892FDCF7D12.text	1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4892FDCF7D12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus oblongatus Merr.	<div><p>86. Lasianthus oblongatus Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus oblongatus Merr. (1937) 299. —</p><p>Type: Winkler 1364 (iso NY), W Borneo, Sungei Obat, 100 m alt .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, slightly appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades narrowly oblong, 9–14 by 2–3 cm, chartaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, midrib and nerves slightly prominent on both surfaces, nerves slender, 13–15 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles c. 2 mm long, pubescent. Stipules lanceolate, 4–5 mm long, hirsute, deciduous. Cymes sessile; bracts with a midrib, leaf-like, oblong-lanceolate, c. 1 cm long and 2 mm broad, paired in leaf axil, 4 in each node. Flowers solitary, sessile. Drupes ovoid, c. 4 mm diam, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, calyx lobes persistent, 1.5 – 2 mm long, hirsute; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Note — This species is distinct by rather thin oblong leaves and pairs of persistent lanceolate bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4892FDCF7D12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4D09FA457AA5.text	1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4D09FA457AA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus oblongus King & Gamble	<div><p>87. Lasianthus oblongus King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus oblongus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 127;Ridl.(1923a) 166;K.M. Wong (1989) 368. —</p><p>Type: King’s collector 4128 (lecto SING, selected by Wong 1989; isolecto BM, K, L) . Paratypes: Scortechini 265 (n.v.); Ridley 4935 (n.v.), 9702 (n.v.), 9729 (n.v.); Wray 2590 (SING); King’s collector 402 (SING), 4462 (K), 10082 (n.v.); Curtis 2081 (SING), Perak . Ridley 7438 (n.v.), Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, minutely puberulous or glabrescent, dark when dry. Leaves: blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 9–14 by 2–3 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex caudate-acuminate, base acute, dark when dry, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin; nervules slender, densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles 5– 8 mm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, c. 3 mm long, densely pubescent. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers pediceled; pedicels c. 3 mm long, glabrous; calyx shallow cupular, c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous or puberulous, limb c. 1 mm long, truncate; corolla c. 5 mm long, pubescent outside, lobes 5, oblong, densely long-floccose inside. Drupes globose, c. 3–4 mm diam, puberulous or glabrous, verrucose, with 7–8 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 7–8.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus oblongus has oblong-lanceolate leaves with clearly parallel nervules, pedicels relatively short, 2 – 3 mm long, drupes with 7–8 pyrenes, differing from L. purpureus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0E0D44FFEB4D09FA457AA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0E0D44FCA24962FA707C55.text	1664BC603C0E0D44FCA24962FA707C55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus obovatibracteatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>88. Lasianthus obovatibracteatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 28</p><p>Proximus L. inodoro Blume subsp. pubescenti H.Zhu, sed foliis basi asymmetrice rotundatis,stipulis minoribus,bracteis spathulato-obovatis minoribus, lobis calycis 4 et drupis glabris differt. A L. sterophyllo Merr. foliis minoribus basi asymmetrice rotundatis,stipulis minoribus,bracteis spathulato-obovatis et pyrenis 3–4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Beaman 10038 (holo L; iso K), Borneo, Sabah, Lahad Datu, 800–880 m alt., in low mossy primary forest,on ultramafic rock soil, 10 June 1984 .</p><p>Treelet, c. 2.5 cm high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, puberulous, darkish. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong, 5 – 8 by 2 – 3 cm, thickly coriaceous, glabrous except puberulous midrib beneath, darkish, apex acute, margin slightly recurved, base rounded or subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, subreticulate; petioles 5 – 6 mm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, 3 mm long, subglabrous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts 2, spatulate-obovate, 3 by 2 mm, puberulous or subglabrous. Flowers in fascicle, sessile; calyx campanulate, sparsely puberulous, 4–5 mm long, tubes obconical, 2–2.5 mm long, lobes 4–5, ovate-triangular, c. 2.5 mm long; corolla c. 8 mm long, glabrous outside, lobes 4, ovate-oblong, c. 3.5 mm long, 2.5 mm broad. Drupes ellipsoid, compressed, c. 5 mm diam, glabrous, crowned by 4–5 ovate-triangular calyx lobes; pyrenes 3–4, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sabah).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Low mossy primary forest on ultramafic rock soil. Flowering and fruiting between March and June.</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. inodorus subsp. pubescens, but differs from the latter by having leaves with rounded and slightly asymmetric base, relatively small stipules, bracts relatively small and spatulate-obovate, drupes glabrous with 3–4 pyrenes. Lasianthus inodorus subsp. pubescens has leaves with cuneate or acute base, stipules 4 mm long, densely pubescent, bracts orbicular and densely pubescent, up to 5 mm diam, calyx lobes 5, drupes pubescent. Lasianthus obovatibracteatus is also similar to L. sterrophyllus, but differs from the latter by having relatively small leaves with rounded and slightly asymmetric base, relatively small stipules, bracts spatulate-obovate, drupes with 3–4 pyrenes. Lasianthus sterrophyllus has leaves 9–12 cm long with acute to subacute base, bracts absent, stipules 4–5 mm long, drupes with 5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0E0D44FCA24962FA707C55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0E0D41FCA24C31FF6F7FCD.text	1664BC603C0E0D41FCA24C31FF6F7FCD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus obscurus (DC.) Miq.	<div><p>89. Lasianthus obscurus (Blume ex DC.) Miq. — Map 3</p><p>Lasianthus obscurus (Blume ex DC.) Miq. (1857) 317; (1869) 245, p.p. excl. specimen Zollinger 621; Hook.f. (1880) 183; Bakh.f. (1965) 341; H. Zhu (2002) 80. — Mephitidia obscura Blume ex DC.(1830) 453. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057529), Java .</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii Hook.f. var. sylvicola H.S. Lo (1993) 3; H. Zhu (1998) 153; H.S. Lo (1999) 90. — Type: E. Hainan Expedit. 530 (holo SCBI), China, Hainan.</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii Hook.f.var. fulvus C.Y.Wu &amp; H.Zhu (in Zhu 1994) 60.— Type: Yunnan­expedit. 59­13346 (holo KUN), China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna .</p><p>Shrubs, to 3 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely spreading tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong to oblong, 12– 20 by 3 – 5 cm, membranaceous, or thinly coriaceous, glabrous above except sometimes tomentose hairs on midrib, tomentose beneath, apex acuminate to cuspidate-acute, base cuneate to subrounded, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct on both surfaces, parallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, spreading tomentose. Stipules triangular or oblong-lanceolate, up to 8 mm long, tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts persistent, outer bracts ovate, inner bracts lanceolate, all not more than 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Flowers sessile or subsessile, numerous; calyx campanulate, 2– 3 mm long, tomentose, lobes triangular, 4–6, c. 1–1.5 mm long; corolla 5–6 mm long, puberulous outside in the upper half, pubescent inside at the throat. Drupes subglobose, 4–6 mm diam, tomentose, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 5 – 6.</p><p>Distribution — China (Yunnan, Hainan), Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus obscurus is very close to L. chrysoneurus . Lasianthus obscurus has densely spreading tomentose hairs on branches, leaf undersides, stipules, bracts, and calyx, while L. chrysoneurus has appressed pubescence on branches, leaf undersides, stipules, bracts, and calyx. They are separated only by different indumentum. Considering that there are relatively few diagnostic characters in the genus and the clear distinction between the two taxa by different types of indumentum, it seems better to treat them as two separate species.</p><p>Lasianthus kurzii var. sylvicola and var. fulvus from mainland SE Asia are conspecific with L. obscurus, and L. kurzii var. kurzii from India and mainland SE Asia is conspecific with L. chrysoneurus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0E0D41FCA24C31FF6F7FCD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0B0D41FFEB4FB4FD3E7310.text	1664BC603C0B0D41FFEB4FB4FD3E7310.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus palawanensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>90. Lasianthus palawanensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 29</p><p>Proximus L. trichophlebus Hemsl., sed foliis obovato-oblongis chartaceis, nervulis subreticulatis, lobis calycis 5 subulato-lanceolatis aequalis tubo differt. —</p><p>Typus: Elmer 13252 (holo L), Philippines, Palawan Island, May 1911 .</p><p>Shrub; branchlets terete, robust,c. 2.5–3 mm diam, sparsely hirsute, densely at nodes, dark-brownish. Leaves: blades obovate-oblong, 10–12 by 3– 3.5 cm, chartaceous, glabrous and dark-brownish above, puberulous or glabrescent and lightly brownish beneath, apex cuspidate or shortly caudate, mucronate, base acute; midrib flat above, prominent and sparsely hirsute beneath, nerves slightly prominent above, prominent and hirsute beneath, c. 11 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°, curved gradually to margin, nervules slightly prominent on both surfaces, obscure beneath, reticulate; petioles 3– 5 mm long, hirsute. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 6 –7 mm long, hirsute. Inflorescences sessile, bracts fewer, linear, c. 2 mm long, hirsute. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 4 mm long, hirsute, lobes 5, subulate-lanceolate, c. 2 mm long; corolla c. 5 – 6 mm long, tube glabrous outside, lobes 5, lanceolate, c. 2 mm long, puberulous external surface; ovary with 5 locules. Drupes not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Palawan Islands of Philippines.</p><p>Note — This species has hirsute hairs on nodes of branchlets, leaf nerves beneath, stipules, and calyx; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 6 –7 mm long. It seems closely related to L. trichophlebus, but differs from the latter by having obovate-oblong and chartaceous leaves with subreticulate nervules, calyx lobes 5, subulate-lanceolate,as long as calyx tube. Lasianthus trichophlebus has oblong and coriaceous leaves with parallel nervules, calyx lobes 4, triangular, shorter than calyx tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0B0D41FFEB4FB4FD3E7310	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24BEFFBD478F7.text	1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24BEFFBD478F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus papuanus Wernham	<div><p>91. Lasianthus papuanus Wernham</p><p>Lasianthus papuanus Wernham (1916) 78; Valeton (1927) 109; Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry (1946) 219. —</p><p>Type: Kloss s.n. (holo BM), New Guinea, 500 ft.</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, densely appressed flavi-hirsute. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 7–11 by 2 – 3 cm, glabrous above except hairy midrib, appressed-pubescent hairs on venation beneath, apex acute, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, nerves slightly obscure above, prominent beneath, 7–8 pairs, nervules obscure above, subreticulate; petioles 4–5 mm long, densely flavi-pubescent. Stipules subulate, 8 mm long, appressed-pubescent, deciduous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers solitary or paired, 5-merous; calyx campanulate, lobes triangular-lanceolate, 2.5 mm long, glabrous inside and pilose outside; corolla tube 4.8 mm long, sparsely hirsute, lobes 5, oblong, c. 1.5 mm long, hirsute outside, barbate inside. Fruits not seen.</p><p>Distribution — New Guinea.</p><p>Note — This species is very close to L. chrysotrichus, but differs from the latter by having appressed-pubescence on branches, nerves beneath, stipules up to 8 mm long, 5-merous flowers without bracts, and triangular-lanceolate calyx lobes, while L. chrysotrichus has spreading harsh-hirsute hairs, stipules 2–3 mm long, usually 4-merous flowers with linear bracts and lanceolate calyx lobes. It differs from L. hexandrus by having stipules up to 8 mm long, calyx campanulate, lobes triangular-lanceolate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24BEFFBD478F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24893FC6B7344.text	1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24893FC6B7344.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pedicellatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>92. Lasianthus pedicellatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 30</p><p>Proximus L. oblongo King &amp; Gamble, sed stipulis minoribus, calycibus triangulatis dentatis, drupis levigatis obtuse 4–5-porcatis, pyrenis 4–5 differt.</p><p>— Typus: De Vogel 5344 (holo L), Sulawesi, Palu, Mt Poroka Timbu, 1950 m alt., in primary montane forest, 14 May 1979 .</p><p>Treelet, 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, dark in the youngest part, glabrous or thinly puberulous. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 6 – 9 by 1.5– 2.5 cm, glabrous except sparsely puberulous midrib and nerves beneath, apex acuminate to caudate, aristate, arista c. 1 mm long, margin recurved, base acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 5 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 60°; nervules prominent on both surfaces, parallel; petioles c. 5 mm long, sparsely puberulous or glabrescent. Stipules very small, triangular, less than 1 mm long. Inflorescences extremely congested to nearly sessile; bracts absent. Flowers fascicular, pediceled; pedicels slender, c. 2 mm long; calyx obconical, c. 1 mm long, with 5 triangular teeth, puberulous; corolla c. 4 mm long, puberulous outside. Drupes subglobose, c. 3 mm diam, smooth, subglabrous, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5, smooth on the abaxial face, orbicular at the transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sabah) and Indonesia (Sulawesi).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane forest between 1500–2000 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between March and May.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sulawesi, Mt Roroka Timbu, E.F. de Vogel 5136 (K,L); Borneo, Sabah, J.H. Beaman 8928 (K, L); Sabah,Kinabalu, J &amp; M.S. Clemens 29838 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. oblongus, but differs from the latter by having very small stipules, calyx with triangular teeth, drupes smooth, with 4–5 obtuse ridges and crowned by small triangular calyx teeth, pyrenes 4–5. Lasianthus oblongus has relatively big stipules 3–4 mm long, calyx shallow cupular with truncate limb, drupes verrucose, with 7–8 obtuse ridges and crowned by a short cupular calyx limb, pyrenes 7–8.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C0B0D41FCA24893FC6B7344	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4BEFFEB478EC.text	1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4BEFFEB478EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pendulus Ridl.	<div><p>93. Lasianthus pendulus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus pendulus Ridl. (1909) 37; (1923a) 168; K.M. Wong (1989) 372.</p><p>— Lasianthus capitatus Blume subsp. pendulus (Ridl.) H. Zhu (2000b) 398.</p><p>— Type: Ridley 14007 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, Telem .</p><p>Treelets, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely spreading long-hairy. Leaves: blades ovate-lanceolate, 7–11 by 2 –3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, spreading long-hairy beneath, apex acuminate, margin conspicuously reflexed, base rounded to subcordate, midrib and nerves conspicuously depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 8– 9 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles very short, c. 1 mm long, densely long-hairy. Stipules inconspicuous. Cymes pedunculate; peduncles 2 – 3.5 cm long, densely spreading long-hairy; bracts filiform, numerous, up to 1.5 cm long, densely long-hairy. Flowers sessile; calyx with 5 long, lanceolate-subulate and hairy lobes; corolla glabrous. Drupes obovoid, narrowed to base, 5-ridged, crowned by hairy calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Montane forest, 1500–1900 m altitude.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus pendulus differs from L. capitatus in having ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaves with rounded base, shorter petioles, nerves conspicuously depressed above and more slender peduncles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4BEFFEB478EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4896FD367E5A.text	1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4896FD367E5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus perakensis King & Gamble	<div><p>94. Lasianthus perakensis King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Leaves with nerves 7–8 pairs, 15–25 by 5.5 – 8 cm; rusty-puberulous on branches, midrib and nerves beneath; drupes c. 4 mm diam, sessile.............. a. var. perakensis</p><p>1. Leaves smaller with nerves 3–5 pairs, 13–16 by 3–4.5 cm; sparse puberulous on branches, midrib and nerves beneath; drupes smaller c. 2 mm diam, with 1 mm long pedicels.............................. b. var. kalimantanensis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4896FD367E5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C050D4FFCA24A41FAAC7894.text	1664BC603C050D4FFCA24A41FAAC7894.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus perakensis var. kalimantanensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>b. var. kalimantanensis H.Zhu, var. nov.</p><p>A typo foliis minoribus, nervis 3–5, ramis sparsim puberscentibus, costis et nervis sparsim puberscentibus subter, pedicellis 1 mm longis, drupis minoribus differt. —</p><p>Typus: Church et al. 713 (holo K), Borneo, C Kalimantan, Sintang, 100 m alt .</p><p>Branches sparse puberulous. Leaves: blades elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 13–16 by 3–4.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, sparse puberulous on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate or caudate, base broadly cuneate; nerves 3 – 5 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, nervules subparallel, conspicuous on both sides. Stipules triangular, acute, up to 4–5 mm long, puberulous. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers with 1 mm long pedicels, crowned; calyx campanulate, calyx mouth wide, truncate, with 5 indistinct teeth, pubescent. Drupes hemispheric, c. 2 mm diam, subglabrous or sparsely puberulous, 10-ribbed, crowned by the calyx limb; pyrenes 10.</p><p>Habitat — Mixed dipterocarp forest.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo, C Kalimantan.</p><p>Note — The variety differs from the typical variety by having smaller leaves with nerves 3–5 pairs, 13–16 by 3–4.5 cm; sparse puberulous on branches, midrib and nerves beneath; smaller drupes c. 2 mm diam, with 1 mm long pedicels.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C050D4FFCA24A41FAAC7894	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4E30FC027A45.text	1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4E30FC027A45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus perakensis var. perakensis	<div><p>a. var. perakensis</p><p>Lasianthus perakensis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 126; Ridl. (1923a) 160; K.M. Wong (1989) 372 (excl. syn. L. flavinervius Ridl.); H. Zhu (2001b) 139. —</p><p>Type: Wray 4128 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1989) . Paratypes: King’s collector 682 (n.v.), 2438 (n.v.), 2838 (n.v.), 10210 (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak .</p><p>Shrubs; branches terete, robust, c. 3 mm diam, or slightly compressed in the youngest part, minutely rusty-puberulous. Leaves: blades elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 15 – 25 by 5.5– 8 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate or caudate, base cuneate; midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 7– 8 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, nervules subparallel, conspicuous on both sides; petioles about 1 cm long, rusty-puberulous. Stipules triangular, acute, up to 5 mm long, rusty-puberulous. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers sessile, crowned; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, much tapered to the base, mouth wide, truncate, with 5 indistinct blunt spreading segments, pubescent; corolla short, 3 mm long, lobes ovate-triangular, 1.5 mm long, pubescent; ovary 5-celled. Drupes hemispheric, c. 4 mm diam, subglabrous or sparsely puberulous, 10-ribbed, crowned by the calyx limb; pyrenes 10.</p><p>Distribution — S Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Sabah) and Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Note — Lasianthus perakensis has a wide to slightly trumpet-shaped calyx limb with 5 indistinct blunt spreading lobes, drupes hemispheric with 10 obtuse ridges and crowned by blunt calyx lobes, pyrenes 5.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C050D4FFFEB4E30FC027A45	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C050D4FFCA24F73FB35734D.text	1664BC603C050D4FFCA24F73FB35734D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pergamaceus King & Gamble	<div><p>95. Lasianthus pergamaceus King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus pergamaceus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 123;Ridl.(1923a) 164; K.M. Wong (1989) 369, p.p. —</p><p>Type: Wray 270 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 4500 ft.</p><p>Lasianthus coriaceus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 123. — Lectotype (designated by Wong 1989): Scortechini 332 (lecto SING; isolecto K), Perak; Ridley 10217 (para, n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor.</p><p>Lasianthus crassifolius Ridl.(1918) 85;(1923a) 165. — Lectotype (designated here): Ridley 15689 (lecto K), Peninsular Malaysia; Selangor; Maingay s.n. (para, n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Treelets; branchlets terete, robust, glabrous or minutely puberulous in the youngest part, sulcate when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-elliptic, 18– 25 by 5– 8 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces except minutely puberulous in young leaves beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib and nerves distinct or slightly depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 10–12 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 70°, curved to the margin, secondary nerves from the costa between nerves conspicuous, nervules distinct on both surfaces and prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles 7–10 mm long. Stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, glabrous. Cymes shortly pedunculate; peduncles robust, 2 –3 mm long, glabrous; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx obconic-cupular, 3 – 5 mm long, with a truncate or minutely 4-toothed limb, glabrous; corolla tubular, pubescent outside, villous inside, 4-toothed; anthers 4. Drupes cupularglobose, c. 5– 6 mm diam, glabrous or minutely hairy, crowned by a truncate or minutely 4-toothed limb; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines (Palawan).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. chinensis and L. repoeuensis, but it differs from both in having short robust peduncles and usually sulcate branchlets and cupulate calyx with truncate limb and drupe with 4 pyrenes. It is also similar to L. subaureus, but differs from the latter by having large leaves, sulcate branchlets, and peduncled cymes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C050D4FFCA24F73FB35734D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4BEFFD937FFC.text	1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4BEFFD937FFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus phymatodeus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>96. Lasianthus phymatodeus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 31</p><p>Proximus L. kinabaluensis Stapf, sed foliis non brochidodromis, nervulis densis parallelis, drupis conspicue verrucosis, pyrenis 4 conspicue acute porcatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Tong S.33878 (holo L; iso K), Sarawak, Lubok Antu, 3300 ft alt., in mossy forest, 13 Mar. 1974 .</p><p>Treelet, c. 4 m high; branchlets terete, slightly compressed in the youngest part, c. 1.5 mm diam, glabrous, brownish. Leaves: blades lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 8 –12 by 2– 3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acuminate to slightly caudate, base acute to abruptly acute, midrib flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, glabrous; nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 4–5 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to margin, glabrous, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, dense and parallel, glabrous; petioles 6 – 8 mm long, glabrous. Stipules triangular, 1.5 –2 mm long, puberulous, bristle at the internal base of stipules. Inflorescences sessile to subsessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers small; calyx campanulate, c. 1 mm long, sparsely puberulous or glabrous, with 4 minutely subulate teeth; corolla not seen. Drupes oblate-globose, c. 6 –7 mm diam, glabrous, strongly warty; pyrenes 4, with irregular sharp ridges on all sides from transverse section view.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo (Sarawak, Lubok Antu district).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In mossy forest between 3300–4200 ft altitude. Flowering and fruiting in March.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Sarawak, Lubok Antu district, Paul Chai S.33826 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. kinabaluensis, but differs from the latter by having leaves with dense and parallel nervules, without looped venation, drupes strongly warty and with 4 pyrenes, pyrenes with conspicuously irregular sharp ridges on all sides from cross section view. Lasianthus kinabaluensis has leaves with looped venation, nervules loose and reticulate, drupes slightly warty, usually with 3 pyrenes, pyrenes slightly warty from cross section view.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4BEFFD937FFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4DFCA24A05FBB17935.text	1664BC603C070D4DFCA24A05FBB17935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pilosus var. angustifolius Hook. f.	<div><p>b. var. angustifolius Hook.f.</p><p>Lasianthus pilosus Wight var. angustifolius Hook.f. (1880) 182; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 115; Ridl. (1923a) 157; Craib (1934) 215;K.M. Wong (1989) 372; H. Zhu (2001b) 139. —</p><p>Type: Griffith s.n. (holo K), Burma, Tenasserim, Mergui .</p><p>Distribution — Burma, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — Differing from typical variety by leaves relatively narrow, 10–12.5 by 2.5 – 3 cm.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4DFCA24A05FBB17935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4EAAFA6E7A01.text	1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4EAAFA6E7A01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pilosus var. pilosus	<div><p>a. var. pilosus</p><p>Lasianthus pilosus Wight (1846) 506; Hook.f. (1880) 182; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 115; Ridl. (1923a) 157; K.M. Wong (1989) 370; H. Zhu (2001b) 139. —</p><p>Type: Kew Dist. 869 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Lasianthus retosus Wight (1846) 506; Hook.f. (1880) 181. — Lasianthus pilosus Wight var. retosus (Wight) Ridl. (1923a) 157. — Type: Kew Dist. 2918 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia, Mt Ophir.</p><p>Lasianthus pilosus Wight var. glabra King &amp; Gamble (1904) 115. — Type: Ridley 7424 (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor.</p><p>Lasianthus robustus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 123; Ridl.(1923a) 165. — Type: Hervey s.n. (Ridley s.n. in protologue) (holo SING), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Shrubs or treelets, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely spreading pilose. Leaves: blades oblong, elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 8 –17 by 3.5 – 6 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, pilose both surfaces, denser on midrib above and midrib and nerves beneath, apex caudate-acuminate, base rounded to slightly subcordate, asymmetric, nerves slender, flat or slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 9 –15 pairs, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, reticulate; petioles 3 – 5 mm long, densely pilose. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, acute, densely pilose, up to 3 mm long. Cymes sessile; bracts small, filiform, 4–5 mm long, pilose. Flowers sessile; calyx dense pilose, tubular, up to 8 mm long, lobes 5–7, lanceolate to linear, up to 5 mm long; corolla tubular, up to 15 mm long, pilose outside, lobes 5–7, linear-lanceolate, 3 mm long. Drupes subglobose, sparsely pilose or glabrous crowned by long hairy calyx limbs with long lobes; pyrenes 5 –7, very hard.</p><p>Distribution — S Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Sarawak).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4EAAFA6E7A01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4F9AFD367EEC.text	1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4F9AFD367EEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pilosus Wight	<div><p>97. Lasianthus pilosus Wight</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Leaves 3.5– 6 cm broad............... a. var. pilosus</p><p>1. Leaves relatively narrow, 2.5 – 3 cm broad............................................ b. var. angustifolius</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4DFFEB4F9AFD367EEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4DFCA249DFFC747ED2.text	1664BC603C070D4DFCA249DFFC747ED2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus politus Ridl.	<div><p>98. Lasianthus politus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus politus Ridl.(1918) 85; (1923a) 158; K.M. Wong (1989) 372; H. Zhu (2001b) 139. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 15690 (holo K),Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades lanceolate, 6–12 by 2 – 3 cm, coriaceous, shining green and glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex acuminate, margin reflexed, base shortly cuneate or acute, midrib depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves flat or slightly depressed above, strongly prominent beneath, 6–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, reticulate; petioles 2 – 3 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules narrowly lanceolate, c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts linear, numerous, long-hairy. Flowers sessile; calyx very densely hairy, 3–4 mm long, tube short, lobes 5, lanceolate to linear, acuminate, 2 –2.5 mm long, densely long hairy. Drupes globose, hairy, crowned by 5 hairy calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species has leaves coriaceous, glabrous above, densely tomentose beneath, lanceolate, cuneate at base, midrib depressed above and elevated beneath, nervules reticulate; bracts small, linear, hirsute, less than 5 mm long; drupes densely hirsute.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4DFCA249DFFC747ED2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C070D4BFCA24EC9FED07AB3.text	1664BC603C070D4BFCA24EC9FED07AB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pseudolongifolius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>99. Lasianthus pseudolongifolius H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 32</p><p>Similis L. longifolio Wight, sed stipulis minoribus,lobis calycis 4–5, oblongis, 4–5 mm longis, 2.5 mm latis, tubo calycis 3 mm longo differt. —</p><p>Typus: Bernard Lee S.39988 (holo L), Borneo, Sarawak, Sg. Nawai, 800 m alt., on sandstone soil, 5 Sept. 1978 .</p><p>Shrub, 2.5 m high; branchlets robust, 0.5 mm diam, glabrous; lenticels conspicuous. Leaves: blades oblong, 20– 32 by 6 –10 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces or sparsely puberulous on nerves beneath, brown when drying, apex cuspidate, margin recurved, base acute; midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, nigrescent, nerves slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, 10 –12 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–90°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 5 –10 mm long, glabrous. Stipules triangular, 4–5 by 4–5 mm, glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, sessile; bracts inconspicuous or small, triangular, 1– 2 mm long. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx 7– 8 mm long, thinly puberulous outside, lobes 4–5, oblong, 4–5 mm long, 2.5 mm broad, rounded or obtuse at apex; corolla c. 1 cm long, glabrous outside, lobes 4–5, ovate, thinly puberulous external surface, floccose internal surface. Fruits not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sarawak).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest near stream bank between 800–1000 m altitude. Flowering between December and March.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Sarawak, G.H. Pickles 3673 (L).</p><p>Note — This species looks like L. longifolius except the quite different flowers and relatively small stipules. It has a calyx divided into clear lobes; calyx lobes 4–5, oblong, obtuse or rounded at apex, 4–5 mm long, 2.5 mm broad; calyx tube 3 mm long; stipules triangular, 4 by 4 mm. Lasianthus longifolius has calyx with an enlarged cupular limb and truncate apex; stipules up to 1 cm long.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C070D4BFCA24EC9FED07AB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4968FDD47FBC.text	1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4968FDD47FBC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus pseudo-stipularis Bakh. f.	<div><p>100. Lasianthus pseudo-stipularis Amshoff ex Bakh.f.</p><p>Lasianthus pseudo­stipularis Amshoff ex Bakh.f. (1963) 64; (1965) 340. —</p><p>Type: Winckel 1916ss (holo L), W Java, Tjadasmalang (SW Tjidadap, Priandgan), 1000 m alt .</p><p>Shrubs, 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, 2– 3 mm diam, glabrous, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong to elliptic-oblong or oblong-obovate, 10–15 by 3.5 –5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, apex cuspidate-acute, base acute, dark-brown when dry, midrib and nerves flat to slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 5 – 8 mm long, glabrous. Stipules ovate to ovate-triangular, 5 –7 by 5 mm, with thinly membranaceous margin, glabrous. Cymes sessile, bracts minute, inconspicuous. Flowers sessile; calyx glabrous, c. 2 mm long, tube obconic, c. 1 mm long, limb shallowly cupular, c. 1 mm long, truncate or obscurely 4–5-toothed; corolla c. 1 cm long, glabrous outside, tube c. 6 mm long, lobes c. 4 mm long, glabrous outside, pilose inside; anthers 5. Drupes turbinateglobose, c. 5 mm long, glabrous, verrucose, 4-ridged; pyrenes 4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sumatra, Java).</p><p>Note — This species differs from L. stipularis by having cymes without numerous hirsute bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4968FDD47FBC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4E5BFBB4798C.text	1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4E5BFBB4798C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus purpureus Blume	<div><p>101. Lasianthus purpureus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus purpureus Blume (1826 –1827) 1000; Miq. (1857) 324; (1869) 249; Bakh.f. (1965) 336. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0057519), Java .</p><p>Lasianthus umbellatus Kuntze (1891) 290; Bakh.f. (1965) 336, syn. nov. — Possible type: Kuntze 4565 (NY), Java, Tjiboday .</p><p>Lasianthus glaber Scheff. ex Valeton (1914) 293, t. 400. — Type: Valeton s.n. (holo L, barcode L0012041), Java, Preanger, Tjibodas .</p><p>Treelets, up to 4 m high; branchlets terete or slightly compressed in the youngest part, c. 2 mm diam, glabrous. Leaves: blades lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 12– 20 by 2 – 3.5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate, base acute, midrib and nerves prominent on both surfaces, nerves 5 – 6 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct and prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles c. 1 cm long, glabrous. Stipules small, subulate, c. 1 mm long, glabrous. Cymes sessile, tuberculate; bracts absent. Flowers fascicular, pediceled; pedicels 8 –10 mm long, glabrous; calyx c. 1.5– 2 mm long, glabrous, tube obconic, c. 1 mm long, limbs shallowly campanulate, c. 0.5–1 mm long, minutely 4-toothed; corolla tubular, up to 8 mm long, tube glabrous outside, lobes 4, lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, puberulous at the apex outside. Drupes subglobose, up to 6 mm diam, conspicuously 4-ridged, glabrous, verrucose; pyrenes 4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sumatra, Java).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus purpureus is a glabrous plant. It has oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves with clearly reticulate nervules, flowers fascicled with usually more than 5 mm long pedicels, calyx limb truncate to 4-dentate, drupes with usually 4-ribbed, verrucose and 4 pyrenes.</p><p>Lasianthus umbellatus cannot clearly be separated from L. purpureus . Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. separated L. umbellatus from L. purpureus by its dentate calyx limb, shorter (5– 8 mm long) corolla, 4 ribbed drupes and lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves; while L. purpureus has truncate calyx limb, 9–10 mm long corolla, 2–5 but usually 4 ribbed drupes and lineari-lanceolate leaves. However, the diagnostic characters given by Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. separating these two species are not strong.</p><p>In Blume’s description of this species, more than one locality was mentioned. The sheet barcode L0057519 with Blume’s handwriting and a local name Kahitutung on the label which matches most to the protologue, is recognised to be a syntype and chosen here as lectotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C010D4BFFEB4E5BFBB4798C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C010D49FCA2498DFEE87A1D.text	1664BC603C010D49FCA2498DFEE87A1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus reticulatus Blume	<div><p>102. Lasianthus reticulatus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus reticulatus Blume (1826 –1827) 1000; Miq. (1857) 324; (1869) 248;Valeton ex Winkler (1910) 569;Merr.(1921) 578;(1929a) 292; Bakh.f. (1965) 343. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0000700; iso L,barcodes L0000701, L0000702), Java, Seriboe .</p><p>Lasianthus cinnamomoides Miq. (1857) 325. — Type: Zollinger (n.v.), Java, Passir Madang.</p><p>Lasianthus maingayi Hook.f. (1880) 188; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 132; Ridl. (1923a) 160; Craib (1934) 213;K.M. Wong (1989) 369; H. Zhu (2001b) 136, syn. nov. — Type: Kew Distr.871 (Maingay 1699) (K), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Lasianthus caloneurus K.Schum. (1902) 339; Pit. (1924) 397. — Type: Schmidt 683 (holo C), Thailand, Chantaburi.</p><p>Lasianthus flavicans King &amp; Gamble (1904) 116. — Syntypes: Ridley 4394 (n.v.), 6927 (n.v.), Singapore; Scortechini s.n. (n.v.), Perak; Ridley 2223 (n.v.), King’s collector 10974 (n.v.), Pahang.</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2.5 mm diam, compressed in the youngest part, minutely appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong to elliptic-oblanceolate, 20 –26 by 6 – 9 cm, thinly coriaceous or membranaceous, pale greenish when dry, glabrous above, minutely appressed-pubescent beneath, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate, base acute, midrib, nerves and nervules conspicuous above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 5–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, tertiary nervules parallel, quaternary nervules reticulate; petioles short, 5–10 mm long, minutely appressed-pubescent. Stipules small, triangular, acute at apex, c. 3 mm long, strigose. Cymes very short pedunculate or extremely congested; bracts usually absent. Flowers subsessile, crowned; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, constricted somewhat below the 3–4 triangular teeth, appressed-pubescent; corolla tubular, c. 6 mm long, with 3–4 lobes, glabrous outside, pubescent inside; ovary with 3–4 locules. Drupes obliquely elliptic, narrowed at base, glabrous, rugose, 1–4-ridged; pyrenes 1–4, verrucose, furrow on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — S Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi), Brunei, Philippines (Palawan).</p><p>Notes — This species has appressed-pubescent branchlets and leaf midrib and nerves beneath; leaves large, elliptic-oblanceolate to elliptic-oblong; nerves prominent beneath, 6 –7 pairs; nervules reticulate; petioles short; stipules small, triangular; cymes tuberculate; calyx limb campanulate with 4 minute lobes; ovary 4-locular; drupes verrucose, constricted at the base of persistent calyx limb; pyrenes 1–4. Lasianthus maingayi cannot be separated from L. reticulatus .</p><p>This species is very closely related to L. constrictus . It differs from the latter by having densely appressed-pubescent on branches and nerves beneath, leaves relatively large with 6 –7 pairs of nerves, flowers sessile clustered in very short congested peduncles, calyx limb with 4 minutely triangular lobes. Lasianthus constrictus has relatively small leaves with 3 –5 pairs of nerves and subglabrous or sparsely strigose branches and leaf nerves beneath, cymes usually sessile, calyx limb truncate or minutely toothed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C010D49FCA2498DFEE87A1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C030D49FFEB4AF9FF767E77.text	1664BC603C030D49FFEB4AF9FF767E77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus rhinocerotis Blume	<div><p>103. Lasianthus rhinocerotis Blume</p><p>Lasianthus rhinocerotis Blume (1826 –1827) 996; Miq. (1857) 315; (1869) 245;Ridl. (1923a) 154;Merr.(1929a) 292;Bakh.f.(1965) 338; H. Zhu (1998) 154; (2001b) 140; (2002) 101. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated by Zhu 2002, barcode L0000703), Java .</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m high; branchlets terete, usually robust, c. 3 mm diam, densely brown-villous. Leaves: blades oblong, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 9 –18 by 3 – 6.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, densely brown-villous beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate or cuspidate-acute, base subrounded, midrib and nerves usually depressed, rarely flat above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 9–12 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules flat and slightly distinct above, prominent and distinct beneath, parallel; petioles 5 – 8 mm long, densely brown-villous. Stipules triangular, 2 –3 mm long, densely brown-villous. Cymes shortly pedunculate; peduncles 2–5 mm long, densely brown-villous; bracts numerous, filiform to linear, 6–15 mm long, densely brown-villous. Flowers sessile; calyx tube c. 4 mm long, sparsely pilose outside, with usually 6 lobes, lobes linear-lanceolate, 3 mm long, densely villous; corolla tube 4 mm long with 5 lobes, lobes oblong, 3 mm long, densely hirsute outside. Drupes subglobose or obovate, c. 4 mm diam, pubescent or subglabrous, or slightly longitudinal angles, crowned with hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Brunei, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Irian Jaya).</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by having densely villose hairs on branchlets and leaves beneath, cymes with short and robust peduncles and numerous hairy filiform to linear bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C030D49FFEB4AF9FF767E77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C030D49FFEB4E14FBD97903.text	1664BC603C030D49FFEB4E14FBD97903.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ridleyi King & Gamble	<div><p>104. Lasianthus ridleyi King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus ridleyi King &amp; Gamble (1904) 115;Ridl.(1923a) 154; Craib (1934) 216; K.M. Wong (1989) 371; H. Zhu (2001b) 140. — Type: Ridley 3620a (n.v.), Singapore .</p><p>Lasianthus reticulatus Blume var. polydasys Miq. (1869) 248. — Type: Korthals s.n. (holo L), Sumatra, syn. nov.</p><p>Lasianthus singaporensis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 117; Ridl. (1923a) 159. — Type: Ridley 9095 (holo SING), Singapore, Bukit Timah .</p><p>Lasianthus maingayi Hook.f. var. hirta Ridl. (1923a) 160. — Type: Ridley s.n. (iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Negri Sembilan.</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2 m high; branchlets, terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely and softly tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 15 –20 by 3.5 –7 cm, membranaceous or thinly coriaceous, both sides olivaceous when dry, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex caudate-acute to acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, midrib and nerves flat or slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 5 –10 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules slightly distinct above, prominent and distinct beneath, subreticulate; petioles c. 5 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules inconspicuous or triangular, c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes subsessile, tuberculate; bracts numerous, linear with spreading hairs, up to 5 – 6 mm long. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, lobes 4–5, triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, spreading hirsute at tip; corolla 6 –7 mm long, clavate in bud, glabrous outside except for sparsely hairs on the lobes, villous inside. Drupes subglobose, narrowed at base, glabrous, rugose, usually with 4 ridges; pyrenes 4, very verrucose.</p><p>Distribution — Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia (Peninsular, Sabah), Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — This species is very similar to L. reticulatus . It was treated as L. reticulatus var. polydasys and L. maingayi var. hirta . It differs from L. reticulatus (= L. maingayi) by having spreading pubescens on branchlets and leaves beneath and numerous hairy linear bracts. It is better to treat it as a separate species.</p><p>Wong (1989) reduced L. singaporensis to a synonym of L. ridleyi . However, L. singaporensis differs from the typical L. ridleyi in having relatively narrow oblong-lanceolate leaves and shorter linear bracts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C030D49FFEB4E14FBD97903	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C030D49FCA24907FAB57C0F.text	1664BC603C030D49FCA24907FAB57C0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ridsdalei H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>105. Lasianthus ridsdalei H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 33</p><p>Similis L. lucido Blume, sed foliis lanceolatis,nervis 7–9-binatis,costis nervis et marginis subtus hirsutis, stipulis hirsutis, bracteis 2 subulatis patenter hirsutis, floribus 4-meris minoribus patenter hirsutis, pyrenis 4 differt. A L. microphyllo Elmer foliis lanceolatis, nervis 7– 9-binatis, costis nervis et marginis subtus hirsutis,stipulis hirsutis,bracteis 2 subulatis patenter hirsutis, floribus 4-meris minoribus patenter hirsutis, lobis calycis lanceolatis, pyrenis 4 differt. —</p><p>Typus: C.E. Ridsdale 1046 (holo L), Philippines, Palawan, Infanta Mine area, 200 m alt., in lowland forest, 25 Oct. 1985 .</p><p>Shrub, 1 m high; branchlets slender, terete, c. 1 mm diam, sparsely hirsute. Leaves: blades small, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3.5 –5.5 by 1.2–1.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent except hirsute midrib, nerves and margin beneath, apex acute to acuminate, margin hirsute, base acute, midrib depressed above, prominent and hirsute beneath, nerves 7–9 pairs, flat above, prominent beneath, ascending at an angle of c. 70°, curved to the margin, sparsely hirsute beneath, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, reticulate, puberulous or glabrescent beneath; petioles 3 –5 mm long, hirsute. Stipules subulate-triangular, c. 1 mm long, apex caudate, hirsute. Inflorescences sessile; bracts 2, subulate, 2 –3 mm long, spreading hirsute. Flowers solitary, sessile; calyx 2 mm long, sparsely spreading hirsute, tube c. 0.8 mm long, lobes 4, lanceolate, 1.2 mm long; corolla c. 5 mm long, spreading hirsute external surface on upper part, lobes 4, hirsute external surface, floccose internal surface. Drupes globose, glabrous or sparsely hirsute, c. 3 mm diam, obtusely 4-ridged, smooth external surface; pyrenes 4, smooth on the abaxial face, ovate-orbicular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Palawan (Philippines).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In lowland forests on ultrabasic soil below 200 m altitude. Flowering in May; fruiting in October.</p><p>Additional specimen examined. Palawan, C.E. Ridsdale SMHI1837 (K,L).</p><p>Note — This species differs from L. lucidus by having leaves lanceolate, nerves 7–9 pairs, hirsute hairs on midrib, nerves, and margin beneath; stipules hirsute; bracts 2, subulate, spreading hirsute; flowers 4-merous, relatively small, spreading hirsute; drupes with 4 pyrenes. It differs from L. microphyllus by having leaves lanceolate, nerves 7–9 pairs, hirsute hairs on midrib, nerves, and margin beneath; stipules hirsute; bracts 2, subulate, spreading hirsute; flowers 4-merous, spreading hirsute; calyx lobes lanceolate; drupes with 4 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C030D49FCA24907FAB57C0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C030D57FCA24C0CFF627F56.text	1664BC603C030D57FCA24C0CFF627F56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus rigidus Miq.	<div><p>106. Lasianthus rigidus Miq. — Map 7</p><p>Lasianthus rigidus Miq.(1857) 321;Bakh.f.(1965)340;H. Zhu(2002) 75.—</p><p>Type: Junghuhn s.n. (lecto L, designated by Zhu 2002,barcode L0000704), Java, Pengalengan . Paratypes: Unknown collector s.n. (U, barcode U0006067); Junghuhn s.n. (L, barcode L0305517), Java, Kananga .</p><p>Lasianthus tentaculatus Hook.f. (1880) 181; Deb &amp; M. Gangop. (1991) 302, f. 12; H. Zhu (1994) 58; H.S. Lo (1999) 105. — Type: Wall. Cat. 8306 (holo K), India, Silhet .</p><p>Lasianthus humilis Elmer (1908) 519; Merr.(1923) 566. — Type: Elmer 9687 (holo lost; iso A, E, K, NY), Negros, Province of Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mountains, Dumaguete, Mar. 1908.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–1.5 m high; branchlets terete, robust, 2 – 3 mm diam, compressed and enlarged at nodes, glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves: blades obovate-oblong, obovate or oblong, 10–18 by 3.5 –7 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, hirsute on midrib, nerves, and nervules beneath, apex shortly cuspidate-acuminate, base oblique, obtuse, slightly cordate or rounded, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 8– 9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin; nervules distinct above, prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 3 –7 mm long, sparsely hirsute. Stipules persistent, triangular or subulate, 5 – 6 mm long, hirsute. Cymes sessile; bracts linear, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 9–12 mm long, numerous, hirsute. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, 2– 3 mm long, sparsely hirsute outside, with 5 triangular 1 mm long teeth; corolla c. 10 mm long, puberulous outside, pubescent inside in the upper part. Drupes globose, glabrous, 4–5 mm diam, crowned by hirsute calyx teeth; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — NE India, China (S Yunnan), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java), Philippines (Negros Oriental).</p><p>Note — This species has leaves obovate-oblong or obovate, 12–18 cm long, 5 –7 cm broad, shortly cuspidate-acuminate at apex, the base oblique, obtuse, slightly cordate or rounded; stipules triangular or subulate, 5 – 6 mm long, hirsute; cymes sessile; bracts linear, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 9 –12 mm long, numerous, hirsute; drupes globose, glabrous with 5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C030D57FCA24C0CFF627F56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4F35FDA77D91.text	1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4F35FDA77D91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus robinsonii Ridl.	<div><p>107. Lasianthus robinsonii Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus robinsonii Ridl.(1909) 37;(1923a) 169;K. M. Wong (1989) 373. —</p><p>Type: Ridley 13631 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, 4000–5000 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong, 12–16 by 3.5 –5 cm, membranaceous or thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate-acute, base subrounded to rounded, midrib and nerves flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves 8 – 9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60° or more, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 2 – 3 mm long, tomentose. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 4–5 mm long, tomentose. Cymes long-pedunculate; peduncles slender, up to 5–6 cm long, tomentose; bracts 2, filiform, up to 8 mm long, tomentose; bracteoles like bracts but smaller, numerous. Flowers sessile; calyx c. 2.5 mm long, tomentose, lobes 4, linear, longer than tube; corolla c. 6 mm long, hairy both inside and outside, tube short, lobes oblong, longer than the tube. Drupes obovoid, tomentose to subglabrous, crowned by long linear calyx lobes; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4F35FDA77D91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4C76FACE7AF5.text	1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4C76FACE7AF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus rotundatus Stapf	<div><p>108. Lasianthus rotundatus Stapf</p><p>Lasianthus rotundatus Stapf (1894) 185;Merr.(1921) 578. —</p><p>Type: Haviland 1141 (holo K), Borneo, 8300 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, c. 1 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, glabrous, slightly compressed in the youngest part, darkish when dry. Leaves: blades oblong-rounded, subrounded or rounded, 3–6 by 2–4.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex shortly cuspidate or apiculate, base rounded, blackish when dry, midrib and nerves prominent on both surfaces or slightly depressed above, nerves c. 5 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent and distinct on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles 3 –6 mm long, glabrous. Stipules triangular, c. 1 mm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Cymes sessile or subsessile (peduncles less than 2 mm long); bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, tube c. 1 mm long, glabrous, limb c. 1 mm long, puberulous outside, teeth 4, broadly triangular, c. 0.6 mm long; corolla tube c. 4 mm long, lobes 4, ovate, c. 2.5 mm long; stamens 4; ovary 4-locular. Drupes subglobose, 3–4 mm diam, glabrous; pyrenes 4, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo (Sabah).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1D0D57FFEB4C76FACE7AF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1D0D57FCA24A91FAC87DB4.text	1664BC603C1D0D57FCA24A91FAC87DB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sabahensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>109. Lasianthus sabahensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 34</p><p>Similis L. sterophyllo Merr., sed limbis calycis 4 minute dentibus, ovariis 3-locularibus, pyrenis 2 raro 3 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Chew &amp; Corner RSNB 4598 (holo L; iso K), Malaysia (Sabah), Mt Kinabalu, 5000 ft, Bembangan River, 1.3.1964 .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, puberulous to subglabrous, more or less compressed in the youngest part. Leaves: blades oblong or lanceolate-oblong, 9 –15 by 2 –5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute to acuminate or cuspidate, margin reflexed, base cuneate, midrib prominent on both surfaces, nerves depressed or flat above, prominent beneath, 7– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–80°, curved to the margin, nervules loosely anastomosing, subparallel, slightly prominent on both surfaces; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, puberulous. Stipules triangular, 4–6 mm long, with an acuminate to cuspidate apex, puberulous. Cymes sessile or shortly tuberculate; bracts absent. Flowers sessile, fascicular; calyx campanulate, tube c. 1 mm long, limb c. 1–1.5 mm long, more or less expanded, with 4 minute teeth, puberulous on both sides; corolla tubular, c. 5 mm long, puberulous outside, densely hairy in the upper half of the tube and the lobes inside, lobes 4; ovary 3-locular. Drupes ellipsoid, 8 – 9 mm long, c. 5 mm diam, puberulous or glabrous, crowned by a cupular calyx limb with 4 minute teeth, pyrenes 2, rarely 3, with thick, hard wall, smooth on the abaxial face, between pyrenes cork-like structure.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest between 800–1800 m altitude. Flowering from September to January.</p><p>Notes — This species is similar to L. sterrophyllus, but differs in having relatively large stipules (4–6 mm long), calyx limbs with minute teeth, 3-locular ovary and 2-, rarely 3-pyrened drupes with cork-like structure between pyrenes, while L. sterrophyllus has stipules which are 3–4 mm long, calyx with 4 triangular lobes which are 2 mm long, and drupes with 5 pyrenes.</p><p>This species seems somewhat between Lasianthus and Saldinia morphologically. Saldinia has a 2-locular ovary which develops to a 1-pyrened drupe with a hard wall. Lasianthus has an ovary with 3 or more locules, which develops to a drupe with 1 or more pyrenes with a hard and thick wall. Lasianthus sabahensis has a 3-locular ovary which develops to a drupe with 2 rarely 3 pyrenes of hard and thick walls.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1D0D57FCA24A91FAC87DB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1D0D55FCA24C53FD03791D.text	1664BC603C1D0D55FCA24C53FD03791D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus scalariformis King & Gamble	<div><p>110. Lasianthus scalariformis King &amp; Gamble</p><p>Lasianthus scalariformis King &amp; Gamble (1904) 131; Ridl.(1923a) 167; M.R. Hend. (1933) 107; K.M. Wong (1989) 369. —</p><p>Type: Scortechini 411 (lecto K, designated here), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak; Wray 332 (para, n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 6700 ft.</p><p>Shrubs or treelets, up to 4 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, thinly pubescent, dark in colour when dry. Leaves: blades lanceolate-oblong to elliptic-oblong, 10–15 by 2.5 –3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces except sparsely pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acuminate to acute, base acute, midrib and nerves flat to slightly prominent above, strongly prominent beneath, nerves 7– 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles 5–10 mm long, pubescent. Stipules triangular, 2– 3 mm long, pubescent. Cymes pedunculate; main peduncles 5 –10 mm long, robust, pubescent or glabrous with 2 branches; branches 2–4 mm long, pubescent or glabrous; bracts minute, subulate, c. 2 mm long, pubescent; bracteoles c. 1 mm long. Flowers sessile; calyx tube obconic, c. 2– 3 mm long, pubescent, lobes 5, oblong or ovate-oblong, 3–4 by 1.5 mm, sparsely hirsute outside, puberulous inside; corolla tubular, 5 – 6 mm long, tomentose outside, lobes 5, triangular-ovate; stamens 5; filaments very short c. 1.2 mm long. Drupes obovoid, 3.5–4 mm diam, glabrous, 5-ridged, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1D0D55FCA24C53FD03791D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB49F9FEB27CF7.text	1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB49F9FEB27CF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus setulosus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>111. Lasianthus setulosus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 35</p><p>Similis L. borneensis Merr., sed ramulis et foliis dense longiore hispidis, calycibus minoribus, lobis calycis ovato-triangulis, 1.5 mm longis, apice acutis differt.A L. piloso Wight foliis basi subrotundatis,bracteis inconspicuis, lobis calycis ovato-triangulis, 1.5 mm longis differt. —</p><p>Typus: R. George et al. S. 42843 (holo L; iso K), Borneo, Limbang, on lower slope, 11 Sept. 1980 .</p><p>Shrub or treelet, 2 – 2.5 m high; branchlets terete, slightly compressed, c. 2 mm diam, densely dark-brown hispid. Leaves: blades elliptic-lanceolate, 10–17 by 2.5 – 5 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, densely dark-brown hispid both surfaces, apex acuminate, base subrounded, slightly asymmetric, midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, densely hispid both surfaces or lower surface in old leaves, nerves slightly depressed and obscure above, prominent beneath, 9–12 pairs, ascending at an angle of c. 70°, curved to the margin, hispid, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, subreticulate, hispid; petioles 0.5 –1 cm long, densely hispid. Stipules subulate-triangular, c. 2 mm long, hispid. Inflorescences sessile, bracts inconspicuous. Flowers sessile, 5-merous; calyx campanulate, 3 by 3 mm, hispid, lobes 5, ovate-triangular, 1.5 by 1.5 mm, sparsely hispid both surfaces; corolla 6 mm long, tube puberulous external surface, lobes 5– 6, lanceolate, 2 mm long, hirsute external surface, floccose hairs on internal surface, densely white lanate at the mouth. Drupes globose, 4–5 mm diam, hispid, 5-ridged, crowned by the persistent 5 ovate-triangular calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Brunei).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest. Flowering from September to November.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. Sarawak, G. Mulu, P.Chai S.39676 (L); Sg. Entulu, B. Lee S.54731 (L); Belarga, W.M.A. Brooke 9115 (L). Brunei, Temburong, C. Hansen 1622 (L), I. Nielsen &amp; H. Balslev 1086 (AAU);Sukang, D.W. Kirkup &amp; S. Thomas 619 (AAU). Sabah,Apensiangan Kayu, A. Mantor SAN 136864 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is similar to L. borneensis . It differs from the latter by having densely spreading long hispid on branchlets and leaves on both surface, calyx relatively small, 3 by 3 mm, calyx lobes ovate-triangular with acute apex; while L. borneensis has very short hispid (strigose) on branchlets and leaves beneath, calyx 5 by 5 mm, calyx lobes oblong with obtuse apex. It differs from L. pilosus by having leaves with subrounded base, bracts inconspicuous, calyx lobes ovate-triangular, 1.5 mm long. Lasianthus pilosus has leaves with subcordate base; bracts linear, 5 mm long; calyx lobes linear, up to 5 mm long or more.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB49F9FEB27CF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB4C96FB0A7E40.text	1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB4C96FB0A7E40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sikkimensis Hook. f.	<div><p>112. Lasianthus sikkimensis Hook.f.</p><p>Lasianthus sikkimensis Hook.f. (1880) 180; Deb &amp; M. Gangop. (1991) 297; H. Zhu (1994) 60; (1998) 155; H.S. Lo (1999) 80, pl. 21: 6–11. —</p><p>Type: Hooker &amp; Thomson 11 (holo K), Sikkim-Himalaya .</p><p>Lasianthus mindanaensis Merr. (1922) 466; (1923) 567. — Type: Bur. Sci. 38795 (Ramos &amp; Endano s.n.) (holo lost; iso K, L, US), Philippines, Mindanao, Mt Candoon, syn. nov .</p><p>Lasianthus langkokensis (Drake) Pit. (1924) 379. — Mephitidia langkokensis Drake (1895) 240. — Lasianthus sikkimensis Hook.f. subsp. langkokensis (Pit.) H. Zhu (1994) 61; (1998) 153. — Type: Balansa 2654 (holo P), Vietnam, Tonkin, Bavi .</p><p>Lasianthus baviensis (Drake) Pit. (1924) 380. — Mephitidia baviensis Drake (1895) 239. — Type: Balansa 2655 (holo P; iso K), Vietnam,Tonkin, Tu-phap .</p><p>Lasianthus tsangii Merr. ex Li (1943) 458; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 295. — Type: Tsang 23940 (holo SCBI), China, Kwangsi [Guangxi].</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 3 m high; branches and branchlets densely brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic, 10– 20 by 2.5– 5 cm, subcoriaceous or thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, densely brown-tomentose beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate, base acute or obtuse, usually recurved at margin, midrib and nerves flat above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules subparallel, prominent beneath; petioles 6–14 mm long, brown-tomentose. Stipules triangular, 2–4 mm long, densely tomentose. Cymes sessile, 1–3-flowered; bracts persistent, linear to lanceolate, up to 2 cm long, brown-tomentose. Flowers sessile or subsessile; calyx 3–4 mm long, tube glabrous outside, lobes 5, triangular, hirsute outside; corolla c. 10 mm long, puberulous outside. Fruits ellipsoid, 6 – 8 mm long, glabrous except on the persisting hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — NE India, Sikkim, Bangladesh, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines.</p><p>Note — Lasianthus mindanaensis has branches rather densely brown-tomentose; leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, lanceolate, 11–18 cm long, apex caudate, base acute, nerves 7, nervules rather distinct beneath, yellowish brown-tomentose on nerves and nervules beneath, petioles densely brown-tomentose; stipules ovate, 3–4 mm long, densely brown-tomentose; flowers sessile, fascicles, bracts narrowly lanceolate, 8 mm long, brown-tomentose; calyx tube glabrous, lobe 2 mm long, glabrous outside; drupes glabrous, 5 mm long. All of these characters agree well with L. sikkimensis . Lasianthus mindanaensis is conspecific with L. sikkimensis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1F0D55FFEB4C96FB0A7E40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1F0D53FCA24E42FD0D7904.text	1664BC603C1F0D53FCA24E42FD0D7904.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sogerensis Wernham	<div><p>113. Lasianthus sogerensis Wernham</p><p>Lasianthus sogerensis Wernham (1918) 72. —</p><p>Type: Forbes 313 (holo BM), New Guinea, Sogere, 3000 ft.</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely spreading villous. Leaves: blades oblong to obovate-oblong, 7–11 by 2–4 cm, chartaceous, sparsely villous above but densely villous hairs on midrib, densely villous beneath, apex cuspidate-acuminate, base subrounded to rounded, more or less oblique, the margin ciliate, nerves obscure above, prominent and distinct beneath, 8 –11 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 2 – 5 mm long, densely villous. Stipules inconspicuous. Cymes sessile, bracts paired in each leaf axil, leaf-like, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm long, nerved, long-villous, apex caudate with a linear tip. Flowers sessile; calyx tube campanulate, c. 3 mm long, densely villous, lobes 4, linear-lanceolate, c. 3 mm long, villous; corolla tubular, c. 5 mm long, villous outside. Drupes globose, villous, c. 4 mm diam, 4–5-ridged, verrucose, crowned by linear-lanceolate calyx lobes; pyrenes 4–5, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Moluccan, Irian Jaya) and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — This species has densely spreading villous hairs on branches, leaves, stipules, bracts, and drupes. It has chartaceous leaves with subrounded, or rounded and slightly oblique, bases, and ciliate margin, 8 –11 pairs of nerves. Its stipules are inconspicuous but bracts are paired, leaf-like, ovate-lanceolate, with a long linear apex. It has drupes with 4–5 pyrenes crown by linear-lanceolate calyx lobes. This species is closely related to L. attenuatus and L. cyanocarpus, but differs from both of them by having densely patent or spreading villose hairs on the plant, bracts with a long linear apex. Furthermore, it differs from L. attenuatus by leaf-like paired bracts, and differs from L. cyanocarpus by ovate-lanceolate bracts paired in each leaf axil. Wernham (1918) did not mention bracts but described stipules with two long prongs (8 mm long), and also described the drupes with 2 pyrenes. In our observation of the specimens, which match type well, this species has inconspicuous stipules but conspicuously ovate-lanceolate bract pairs, and drupes with 4 pyrenes. Wernham could have called the bracts stipules.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1F0D53FCA24E42FD0D7904	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C190D53FFEB4902FF627C2A.text	1664BC603C190D53FFEB4902FF627C2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus solomonensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>114. Lasianthus solomonensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 36</p><p>Proximus L. chlorocarpus K.Schum., sed ramulis dense pubescentibus, floribus 5–7 meris, lobis calycis triangulato-subulatis aequalis tubo, drupis minoribus, pyrenis 5–7 differt. A L. clementis Merr. foliis majoribus, stipulis lineari-subulatis 5 m longis, floribus 5–7-meris, bracteis subulatis 2 mm longis,lobis calycis aequalis tubo differt. —</p><p>Typus: Whitmore RSS6051 (holo L), Solomon Islands, Guadalcanal, Mt Gallego, 2000 ft alt., in very steep unstable hillside, 6 July 1965 .</p><p>Shrub, c. 1–2 m high; branchlets terete or compressed in the youngest part, c. 1.5 mm diam, densely appressed brownish pubescent. Leaves: blades elliptic-oblong, 10–12 by 3–4 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous beneath, appressed-pubescent midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate, with c. 2 mm long arista, margin slightly undulate and recurved, base acute; midrib flat or slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, 6–7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 60–70°, curved to margin, nervules conspicuous beneath, parallel; petioles 0.8 –1 cm long, densely pubescent. Stipules linear-subulate, c. 5 mm long, densely pubescent. Inflorescences sessile; bracts small, subulate, c. 2 mm long, pubescent. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, c. 3 mm long, pubescent, lobes 5 –7, triangular-subulate, c. 1.5 mm long, pubescent external surface, glabrous internal surface; corolla c. 5 mm long, pubescent external surface, lobes 5 –7, lanceolate; stamens 5–8, filament very short; styles c. 4 mm long, with 5–7 linear stigmas. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, pubescent, crowned by 5 –7 subulate calyx lobes; pyrenes 5–7, slightly verrucose on abaxial face, ovate on the transverse section.</p><p>Distributed — Solomon Islands.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest between 300–2000 ft altitude. Flowering and fruiting between July and December.</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. chlorocarpus, but differs from the latter by having branchlets densely pubescent, flowers 5–7-merous, calyx lobes triangular-subulate, as long as calyx tube, drupes relatively small with 5 –7 pyrenes. Lasianthus chlorocarpus has branchlets and leaf nerves beneath strigose, flowers 4-merous, calyx usually with a limb truncate or small dentate, drupes relatively big, pyrenes 4. This species differs from L. clementis by having leaves relatively big, stipules linear-subulate, 5 mm long, flowers 5 –7-merous, bracts subulate, 2 mm long, calyx lobes as long as calyx tube, drupes with 5 –7 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C190D53FFEB4902FF627C2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C190D53FFEB4CE3FBBC7E84.text	1664BC603C190D53FFEB4CE3FBBC7E84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus stercorarius Blume	<div><p>115. Lasianthus stercorarius Blume</p><p>Lasianthus stercorarius Blume (1826 –1827) 1000; Miq. (1857) 324; (1869) 248; Merr. (1921) 577; Bakh.f. (1965) 341. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0000707), Java, Mt Tjerimai .</p><p>Lasianthus stercorarius Blume var. polypleura Blume ex Miq. (1869) 248,syn. nov. — Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0305599), Java; Blume s.n. (para L, barcode L0305583), Java.</p><p>Lasianthus mucronulatus (Korth.) Miq. var. lineata Miq. (1869) 249,syn.nov. — Type: Korthals s.n. (holo L, barcode L0310824), Sumatra.</p><p>Shrubs to treelets, up to 4.5 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, thinly appressed-puberulous or glabrous. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7–15 by 2–4 cm, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, glabrous above, puberulous hairs on venation beneath or glabrous also, apex acuminate-caudate, base acute, midrib slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves flat and slightly obscure above, prominent beneath, 5 –9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–60°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, distinct beneath, subparallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, puberulous or glabrous. Stipules triangular, 3 –6 mm long, coriaceous, swollen at the base, puberulous or glabrous. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx urceolate or urceolate-cupular, c. 1.5– 2 mm long, with a truncate or minutely toothed limb, puberulous or glabrous; corolla tubular, c. 5 –7 mm long, puberulous outside. Drupes globose, glabrous or thinly puberulous, 3 – 5 mm diam, acute at the base, truncate or minutely toothed at the apex, conspicuously 6– 9-ridged; pyrenes 6– 9, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo) and Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In primary forest.</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus stercorarius is a very variable species in leaves, indumentum, and drupes. It is keyed out mainly by its conspicuously ovate-triangular stipules with swollen bases. The type specimen shows thin puberulous hairs on branches and leave nerves beneath; subcoriaceous leaves with 5– 6 nerves and nervules reticulate, apex acuminate, base acute; calyx limbs subtruncate and with 4–5 minute teeth; drupes with 8 –9 pyrenes. Two varieties were established: var. polypleura based on specimens with leaves of 8 pairs of nerves; var. palembanicus based on specimens with leaves of 12–14 pairs of nerves. The variety palembanicus is conspecific to L. mucronulatus and should be reduced to a synonym of the latter.</p><p>Lasianthus stercorarius differs from L. mucronulatus by having usually relatively small subcoriaceous leaves with acute to cuneate base and less than 10 pairs of nerves and conspicuously more than 2 mm long triangular stipules with swollen bases.</p><p>Lasianthus mucronulatus var. lineata was established on Korthals’s Sumatra specimens. It has triangular stipules with swollen base, subcoriaceous leaves with much acute base and should be reduced to L. stercorarius .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C190D53FFEB4CE3FBBC7E84	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C190D52FCA24E80FD31795C.text	1664BC603C190D52FCA24E80FD31795C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sterrophyllus Merr.	<div><p>116. Lasianthus sterrophyllus Merr.</p><p>Lasianthus sterrophyllus Merr. (1937) 299. —</p><p>Type: Winkler 508 (holo HBG; iso NY), Borneo, Bukit Mulu, 950 m alt .</p><p>Shrubs or treelets, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, 2– 3 mm diam, glabrous except sparsely hirsute at nodes. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 8 –13 by 2.5 – 3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, glabrous or sparsely hirsute hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex acute to caudate-acute, base acute, midrib and nerves slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 6–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 55–70°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, glabrous or sparsely hirsute. Stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, coriaceous, glabrous or pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent or inconspicuous. Flowers sessile calyx campanulate, subglabrous, tube c. 2 mm long, lobes 4, triangular, c. 2 mm long, sparsely hirsute; corolla not seen. Drupes subglobose, c. 4 mm diam, glabrous or sparsely hirsute, crowned by persistent triangular calyx lobes; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sarawak), Indonesia (Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — This species is similar to L. inodorus subsp. montigenus . Lasianthus inodorus subsp. montigenus has conspicuous orbicular or ovate bracts (although they are usually caducous, you can always see some in most specimens) and is found above 1700 m altitude. Lasianthus sterrophyllus has inconspicuous bracts and has 4 ovate 2 mm long calyx lobes, and is usually found below 1700 m altitude.</p><p>An imperfect specimen in Leiden (Winkler 508) differs from the type description of L. sterrophyllus in having conspicuous ovate bracts. The label on the specimen looks quite new from the paper appearance and typing writing, and the date of collection 2/12/1925 does not agree with Merrill’s type Winkler 508. The specimen obviously is L. inodorus subsp. montigenus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C190D52FCA24E80FD31795C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C180D52FFEB4926FF187D32.text	1664BC603C180D52FFEB4926FF187D32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus stipularis Blume	<div><p>117. Lasianthus stipularis Blume</p><p>Lasianthus stipularis Blume (1826 –1827) 997; Miq. (1857) 319; (1869) 246; Kurz (1877) 30; Hook.f. (1880) 179; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 112; Elmer (1906b) 10; Ridl. (1923a) 152; Merr. (1929a) 292; Craib (1934) 217; K.M. Wong (1989) 368; H. Zhu (2001b) 141. — Mephitidia stipularis Korth. (1851) 223.—</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0000708; iso L, barcode L0000709), Java, Salak .</p><p>Lasianthus stipularis Blume var. novoguineensis Valeton (1911) 498, syn. nov. — Type: Versteeg 1228 (holo L; iso K), SW New Guinea.</p><p>Shrubs, 1– 2 m high, entirely glabrous except bracts and corolla; branchlets terete, 2 –3 mm diam, compressed in the youngest part. Leaves: blades oblanceolate-oblong, 12–16 by 3 – 5.5 cm, membranaceous, greenish brown when dry, apex cuspidate-caudate, base cuspidate-cuneate, midrib and nerves flat to slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 9–10 pairs, slender, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules faint, subparallel; petioles 5–10 mm long; stipules broadly triangular-ovate, ovate or ovate-orbicular, larger, covering the cymes, up to 1.25 cm long and broad at base, membranaceous, glabrous, persistent. Cymes sessile; bracts numerous, linear to narrowly lanceolate, villous, up to 1.5 cm long, often exceeding the stipules. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, teeth broadly triangular, c. 1 mm long, hirsute; corolla not seen. Drupes ovoid-globose, glabrous, 4–5 mm diam, crowned with calyx limbs, with 4 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4.</p><p>Distribution — Burma, Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo), Brunei, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Moluccas), Philippines, Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — This species has numerous hairy linear to narrowly lanceolate bracts up to 1.5 cm long, in which it differs from L. pseudostipularis (bracts minute and inconspicuous). Lasianthus stipularis var. novoguineensis differs from the typical variety by only having oblong to elliptic-lanceolate leaves, which is not enough to separate it from L. stipularis as a variety of the latter.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C180D52FFEB4926FF187D32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C180D52FFEB4DE9FA6E7902.text	1664BC603C180D52FFEB4DE9FA6E7902.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus subaureus Craib	<div><p>118. Lasianthus subaureus Craib</p><p>Lasianthus subaureus Craib (1933) 27; (1934) 218; K.M. Wong (1989) 368; H. Zhu (2001b) 142. —</p><p>Type: Kerr 14117 (holo K; iso BK), Thailand, Puket .</p><p>Shrubs, up to 3 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely appressed puberulous, aureate when young. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 10 –17 by 1.7– 3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, luteous above, pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves, or nervules beneath, apex acuminate, margin often reflexed, base acute to cuneate or rounded, slightly unequal-lateral, midrib conspicuous, more or less depressed above, prominent beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, c. 12 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct and slightly prominent on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 10–15 mm long, densely appressed puberulous. Stipules triangular-subulate, 2.5 – 3 mm long, puberulous. Cymes sessile or rarely extremely congested; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx cupulate, c. 4 mm long, appressed puberulous, tube 1.5 – 2 mm long, limb cupular, apex truncate or minutely teethed; corolla tubular, pubescent outside, tube up to 12 mm long, lobes 6, linear or linear-lanceolate, pilose outside; ovary with 6 locules. Drupes subglobose, 4–5 mm diam, puberulous, conspicuously 5 – 6-ridged, base narrowed, apex crowned by a cupular and truncate or minutely toothed calyx limb; pyrenes 5 –6, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Burma, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. verticillatus by its cupular calyx with truncate limb. It differs from the latter by having relatively narrow leaves with reticulate veinlets and longer petioles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C180D52FFEB4DE9FA6E7902	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C180D52FCA24919FC447E87.text	1664BC603C180D52FCA24919FC447E87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus subglobosus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>119. Lasianthus subglobosus H.Zhu, sp. nov.</p><p>Similis L. bruneensis H.Zhu, sed ramulis dense depressi-pubescentibus, foliis basi acutis, nervulis conspicuis, petiolis pubescentibus 5 mm longis et pyrenis 6 differt. —</p><p>Typus: Puasa­Angian 3967 (holo K; iso L), Malaysia (Sabah), Tambunan, 1200 ft, 19/02/1934 .</p><p>Treelet, 2 m high; branchlets terete, densely depressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 8–12 by 1.8–4.5 cm, coriaceous, pubescent on leaf nerves beneath, apex acuminate or caudate, base acute, midrib and nerves conspicuously prominent on both surfaces, nerves 5 –7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules conspicuous on both surfaces, reticulate; petioles 0.5 cm long, pubescent. Stipules small, triangular, 1.5 – 3 mm long, pubescent. Inflorescences sessile, bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx campanulate, 2 mm long, pubescent, calyx lobes 5, triangular, 1–2 mm long; corolla not seen. Drupes c. 3 mm diam, subglobose, puberulous, black, crowned by persistent small subulate-triangular calyx teeth; pyrenes 6, shallow sulcate on the abaxial face, triangular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In forest. Flowering and fruiting from February to December.</p><p>Note — This species is close to L. bruneensis, but differs from the latter in having branchlets densely depressedpubescent; leaves with an acute base, nervules conspicuous on both surfaces; petioles 5 mm long, pubescent; drupes with 6 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C180D52FCA24919FC447E87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C180D50FCA24E84FE797A77.text	1664BC603C180D50FCA24E84FE797A77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus submembranifolius Elmer	<div><p>120. Lasianthus submembranifolius Elmer</p><p>Lasianthus submembranifolius Elmer (1913) 1871;Merr.(1923) 567. —</p><p>Type: Elmer 14261 (iso A, CAS, K, L, MO, NY), Philippines, Mindanao, Mt Urdaneta, 3250 ft.</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, compressed in the youngest part, glabrous. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong, 10–15 by 3 – 5 cm, more or less unequal-lateral, thinly membranaceous, glabrous above, minutely puberulous hairs on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate-acute, base cuneate, asymmetric, midrib and nerves almost flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 4–5 pairs, ascending at an angle of 40–50°, curved toward the margin and joining the nerves above very near the margin, forming an obscure intramarginal vein, nervules distinct beneath, loosely anastomosing, reticulate; petioles less than 1 cm long, glabrous. Stipules broadly ovate, c. 2 by 3 mm, glabrous. Cymes tuberculate; bracts minute, numerous, subulate, 0.5 –1 mm long, glabrous. Flowers shortly pediceled; pedicels 1–2 mm long, glabrous; calyx shallow-cupular, 1– 2 mm long, glabrous, with 5 oblong-triangular lobes; corolla c. 1.5 – 3 mm long, glabrous outside, with 5 bluntly oblong lobes; stamens 5; filament short. Drupes subglobose, up to 7.5 mm long; pyrenes 5, coarsely rugose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to the Philippines.</p><p>Note — According to Elmer’s description, this species has rugose drupes with 5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C180D50FCA24E84FE797A77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4A17FD537DDF.text	1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4A17FD537DDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sumatraensis H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>121. Lasianthus sumatraensis H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 37</p><p>Similis L. malaiense H.Zhu, sed foliis basi acutis praeter costae et nervis subtus glabris, cyma ramosa, floribus pedicellatis, lobis calycis linearis 5 mm longis differt.A L. scalariformis King &amp; Gamble ramulis dense brunneo-tomentosis,costis et nervis subtus brunneo-tomentosis,foliis ovato-ellipticis et lobis calycis linearibus tomentosis differt. —</p><p>Typus: De Wilde et al. 13225 (holo L), North Sumatra, Kutatjane, 2500 m alt., in montane mossy forest, 23 June 1972 .</p><p>Shrub, up to 4 m high; branchlets terete, densely brown tomentose. Leaves: blades ovate-elliptic, 7–11 by 2.5–4.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous except venation beneath, apex acute to acuminate, margin ciliate, base acute to subrounded,midrib depressed above, prominent beneath, brown tomentose beneath, nerves flat above, prominent beneath, 6 –7 pairs, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, tomentose beneath, nervules prominent on both surfaces, conspicuous, parallel, pubescent to glabrescent beneath; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, brown tomentose. Stipules lanceolate, 3–4 mm long, tomentose. Inflorescences cymose, brown tomentose; the main peduncles 5 –10 mm long, peduncles branches (if present) c. 5 mm long; bracts linear, 2 in each node, 5 mm long, brown hirsute; bracteoles 2, linear, 3 – 5 mm long, brown hirsute. Flowers pedicellate; pedicels 1–3 mm long, brown tomentose; calyx campanulate, densely brown tomentose, lobes 5, linear, 5– 6 mm long, densely tomentose external surface. Drupes subglobose, 5-ridged, crowned by persistent linear, 5 mm long, calyx lobes; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face, suborbicular in transverse section.</p><p>Distribution — Sumatra (northern part).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In montane rainforest to mossy forest between 1600–2600 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between May and August.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. North Sumatra, Atjeh, 2400–2600 m alt., W.J.O. de Wilde et al. 16785 (K, L); Atjeh, 1600–1800 m alt., K. Iwatsuki et al. S.958; Atjeh, Van Steenis 9545 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is quite similar to L. malaiense . It differs from the latter by having leaves with acute base, glabrous except venation beneath; cymes branched; flowers pedicellate; calyx lobes linear, 5 mm long. While L. malaiense has leaves with rounded base, villose beneath; cyme capitate; peduncles 2 – 3 cm long; flowers sessile; calyx lobes lanceolate, 2.5 mm long. It differs from L. scalariformis by having dense brown tomentose hairs on branchlets, leaf midrib and nerves beneath; ovate-elliptic leaves; calyx lobes linear, densely tomentose. While L. scalariformis has leaves subglabrous, elliptic-lanceolate; calyx lobes oblong-lanceolate, sparsely hirsute.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4A17FD537DDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4DBFFB747940.text	1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4DBFFB747940.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus sylvestroides Valeton	<div><p>122. Lasianthus sylvestroides Valeton</p><p>Lasianthus sylvestroides Valeton (1927) 109; Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry (1946) 219. —</p><p>Type: Ledermann 12655a (holo B†), New Guinea, Felsspitze, 1400– 1500 m ; Brass 13025 (neo L,designated here), New Guinea, Idenburg River .</p><p>Shrubs; branchlets terete, tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 7–11 by 2.5–4 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous above except tomentose midrib, tomentose beneath, apex acute to acuminate, mucronate, base acute, margin recurved, midrib flat above, prominent beneath, nerves flat to slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, 7–10 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 45°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, parallel; petioles, c. 3– 5 mm long, tomentose. Stipules linear-subulate, 4–5 mm long, tomentose. Cymes axillary, sessile or subsessile; bracts linear, 5 –6 mm long, singular, tomentose. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx obconical, tube c. 2 mm long, hirsute, lobes 5, linear, 3–4 mm long, hirsute; corolla tomentose. Drupes globose, 4–5 mm diam, with 5– 6 obtuse ridges, verrucose, crowned by the persistent linear to lanceolate-subulate, 3–4 mm long, hirsute calyx lobes; pyrenes 5 – 6.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Sulawesi, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Note — The specimen Brass 13025 so closely fits the description of Valeton’s species according to Merrill (Merrill &amp; Perry 1946) that we select it as a neotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1A0D50FFEB4DBFFB747940	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1A0D50FCA24959FBEE7C28.text	1664BC603C1A0D50FCA24959FBEE7C28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus tenuifolius H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>123. Lasianthus tenuifolius H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 38</p><p>Similis L. attenuato var. minore H.Zhu, sed foliis tenui-chartaceis, stipulis subulato-linearibus, bracteis inconspicuis, fructibus glabribus et pyrenis 7–8 differt. —</p><p>Typus: W. Ave 100 (holo L), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 550 m alt., in hill dipterocarp forest, 31 Aug. 1982 .</p><p>Shrub, 1 m high; branchlets slender, terete, spreading villous. Leaves: blades narrow-oblong to linear-oblong, 6 –10 by 1.5– 2.5 cm, thinly chartaceous, sparsely spreading villous on both surfaces, densely on midrib and nerves, apex acute, margin ciliate, base rounded, oblique, midrib flat above, prominent beneath, nerves obscure above, slightly prominent beneath, 6–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of 45–50°, curved to the margin; petioles short, 1–2 mm long, villous. Stipules subulate-linear, 3 –5 mm long, villous. Inflorescences sessile; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers fascicular; calyx campanulate, 3–4 mm long, glabrous to sparsely villous on external surface, lobes 5, triangular-lanceolate, 2.5 mm long, glabrous to sparsely villous; corolla 6 –7 mm long, villous on external surface, lobes ovate-triangular. Drupes oblate-globose, 4–5 by 3–4 mm, glabrous, yellowish, 7–8 conspicuously sulcate; pyrenes 7–8, ovate-triangular in transverse section, smooth but with a furrow on the abaxial face, shallow furrow on the sides.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Borneo) and Indonesia (Sumatra).</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — In hill rainforest between 50–600 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between August and November.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. W Kalimantan, Kohyama et al. K 10591 (L). Sarawak, P.Chai et al. S.31536 (L); C. Hose 156 (L). Brunei, M.J.E. Coode 6402 (L). Sabah, B.C. Stone SAN 85255 (K, L). Borneo, Bukit Raya, Veldkamp 8048 (L); Korth. s.n. W Sumatra, H. Nagamasu 3277 (L). Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor, KEP­FRI 1958 (L); Perak, W. Ave 24 (L); Pasoh, KEP­FRI 25703 (L); Pasoh, E.G.1532 (L).</p><p>Note — This species is quite similar to L. attenuatus var. minor . It differs from the latter by having thinly chartaceous leaves; nerves obscure upper surface; stipules subulate-linear; bracts inconspicuous; drupes glabrous; pyrenes 7–8. Lasianthus attenuatus var. minor has chartaceous to subcoriaceous leaves with conspicuous nerves upper surface; stipules linear-lanceolate; bracts conspicuous, linear to linear-lanceolate; drupes hirsute; pyrenes 4–5. This species was confused with L. cyanocarpus (= L. inaequalis). Miquel (1857) doubted that a drupe with 8 pyrenes was found in L. inaequalis and later stated that drupes with 8 pyrenes do not occur in L. inaequalis (Miquel 1869) . In our opinion, the specimens with 8-pyrened drupes present the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1A0D50FCA24959FBEE7C28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C1A0D5EFCA24CE1FD3B7EDD.text	1664BC603C1A0D5EFCA24CE1FD3B7EDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus tomentosus Blume	<div><p>124. Lasianthus tomentosus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus tomentosus Blume (1826 –1827) 997;Miq.(1857) 318,p.p. quoad type specimens;(1869) 245; Bakh.f. (1965) 343. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0057521), Java .</p><p>Shrubs, c. 2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, densely to thinly brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong to oblong, 6.5–11 by 2–4 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, apex cuspidate-acute, aristate, base acute or broadly cuneate, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 3–6, ascending at an angle of 50–60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, prominent and distinct beneath, parallel; petioles 5– 8 mm long, tomentose. Stipules triangular, 2 –3 mm long, densely to sparsely tomentose. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, 2 –3 mm long, tomentose, tubes c. 1 mm long, lobes 5, lanceolate, c. 1.5 –2 mm long; corolla 5 –8 mm long, tomentose outside. Drupes subglobose, sparsely tomentose, crowned by lanceolate calyx lobes; pyrenes 5.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — This species was confused with L. trichophlebus var. latifolius (= L. hiiranensis or Lasianthus tomentosus var. hiiranensis (Hayata) H.Zhu). The specimens from mainland SE Asia and Peninsular Malaysia were treated as L. tomentosus (King &amp; Gamble 1904, Ridley 1923a, Craib 1934) which may be due to two misidentified sheets in Kew. Based on the same sheets, they were treated as L. tomentosus var. hiiranensis . These two specimens in Kew, Horsfield s.n. [Rub. 50] from Java, are indicated as L. tomentosus in Miquel’s handwriting and were cited as such in literature (Miquel 1857). Miquel later changed his mind and considered that they were not the same as L. tomentosus (Miquel 1869) . The type material of L. tomentosus is only present in Leiden. It is difficult to correctly recognize L. tomentosus based on the simple original description without examining type material. The specimens from mainland SE Asia and Malaysia which were mistaken as L. tomentosus, have conspicuous strigose linear-lanceolate stipules, 4-merous flowers, hirsute and verrucose drupes with 4 pyrenes and are more closely related to L. trichophlebus than to L. tomentosus; we include them in L. trichophlebus var. latifolius .</p><p>Lasianthus tomentosus differs from L. lucidus in having tomentose hairs on branchlets, leaf lower surface, and flowers. The population from Java has dense tomentose hairs, but the populations from Sulawesi and New Guinea become less hairy and are closer to L. lucidus .</p><p>Only one specimen annotated L. tomentosus in Blume’s handwriting was seen in Leiden. However, Blume’s description mentions several localities and consequently this specimen is a syntype. We have chosen it as the lectotype of Blume’s species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C1A0D5EFCA24CE1FD3B7EDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C140D5EFCA24BEFFA6F7AD7.text	1664BC603C140D5EFCA24BEFFA6F7AD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus trichophlebus Hemsl.	<div><p>125. Lasianthus trichophlebus Hemsl.</p><p>Key to the varieties</p><p>1. Branches sparsely strigillose; leaves glabrous except strigillose or hirsute midrib and nerves beneath.......................................... a. var. trichophlebus</p><p>1. Branches densely hirsute, leaves pubescent beneath..................................... b. var. latifolius</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C140D5EFCA24BEFFA6F7AD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C140D5DFCA24AB4FDBE795C.text	1664BC603C140D5DFCA24AB4FDBE795C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus trichophlebus var. trichophlebus	<div><p>a. var. trichophlebus — Map 10</p><p>Lasianthus trichophlebus Hemsl. (1888) 388; H. Zhu (1994) 70; H.S. Lo (1999) 95; H. Zhu (2001b) 144; (2002) 92. —</p><p>Type: Ford 113 (holo K), Guangdong, Luo Fu Shan .</p><p>Lasianthus barbellatus Ridl. (1917a) 187; (1923a) 164; Craib (1934) 208; K.M. Wong (1989) 368. — Lasianthus trichophlebus Hemsl. subsp. barbellatus (Ridl.) H. Zhu (2001b) 144. — Type: Burkill 976 (holo SING; iso K), Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang, Pulau Tiuman, Juara Bay.</p><p>Lasianthus cupreus Pierre ex Pit. (1924) 392. — Type: Harmand s.n. (Pierre Herb. no. 6173) (lecto P, designated by Zhu 2001b), Vietnam, Condor .</p><p>Lasianthus andamanicus Hook.f. var. ciliatus Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1987) 458, syn. nov. — Type: Balakrishnan 654 (holo CAL; iso E, PBL), S Andaman.</p><p>Shrubs; 1–2 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam, sparsely strigillose or glabrous but densely strigillose on nodes. Leaves: blades oblong, elliptic-oblong, 8 –15 by 3– 5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, strigillose or hirsute on midrib and nerves beneath, apex cuspidate or acute, base cuneate, midrib and nerves flat or slightly prominent above, prominent beneath, nerves 7–9 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, prominent beneath, parallel; petioles 5 – 8 mm strigillose. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, to 8 mm long, densely strigillose. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers subsessile, 4-merous; calyx campanulate, c. 2 mm long, strigillose outside, tube c. 1 mm long, with 4 triangular teeth, teeth c. 1 mm long, spreading strigillose; corolla 6 – 8 mm long, densely strigillose in the upper half outside. Drupes subglobose, 5 – 6 mm diam, verrucose, sparsely strigillose, crowned by persistent strigillose calyx lobes; pyrenes 4, verrucose on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), South China, South Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands), Philippines (Palawan, Mindoro).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus trichophlebus was often confused with both L. chinensis and L. verticillatus . However, it differs from L. chinensis by having coriaceous leaves with 7–9 pairs of nerves and parallel veinlets; stipules triangular-lanceolate, strigillose, 5 mm long; flowers usually 4-merous as well as drupes with 4 pyrenes. It differs from L. verticillatus by having strigillose hairs on young branches and leaf nerves beneath; stipules triangular-lanceolate, strigillose, more than 5 mm long; flowers usually 4-merous; calyx with strigillose triangular lobes, and drupes with 4 pyrenes and verrucose on external surface. Lasianthus trichophlebus subsp. barbellatus was considered to be different from the typical subspecies by having relatively small and elliptic leaves. After more Malesian specimens were examined, it became clear that L. trichophlebus subsp. barbellatus cannot be separated from L. trichophlebus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C140D5DFCA24AB4FDBE795C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C170D5DFFEB493BFF317DC0.text	1664BC603C170D5DFFEB493BFF317DC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus trichophlebus var. latifolius (Miq.) H. Zhu	<div><p>b. var. latifolius (Miq.) H.Zhu</p><p>Lasianthus trichophlebus var. latifolius (Miq.) H. Zhu (2002) 93. — Lasianthus sylvestris Blume var. latifolius Miq.(1869) 248. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (lecto L, designated here, barcode L0305397), Java, Papandajang; Teysmann s.n. (para, n.v.), Sumatra, Loeboe .</p><p>Lasianthus hiiranensis Hayata (1919) 62; Shimizu (1944) 239; T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 134, f. 9; J.M. Chao (1978) 295, pl. 1010; H. Zhu (1994) 70; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 287, pl. 128; H.S. Lo (1999) 87. — Lasianthus tomentosus Blume var. hiiranensis (Hayata) H. Zhu (1998) 156. — Type: Hayata &amp; Sasaki 24295 (holo TIU, n.v.), China, Taiwan.</p><p>Lasianthus cupreus sensu Pit. (1924) 392, p.p. quoad specimen Gaudichaud 229.</p><p>Lasianthus lei Merr. &amp; Metcalf ex H.S. Lo (1993) 12; (1999) 86, pl. 16: 7–12. — Type: Lei 1025 (holo SCBI; iso K, P, SYS, US), China, Hainan.</p><p>Lasianthus tomentosus auct.non Blume:Miq. (1857) 318, p.p. quoad specimen Horsfield s.n. from Java; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 130; Ridl. (1923a) 161; Craib (1934) 219; H. Zhu (1998) 155.</p><p>Distribution — China (Hainan, Taiwan), Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Philippines.</p><p>Note — This taxon was treated as L. tomentosus (King &amp; Gamble 1904, Ridley 1923a, Craib 1934) which may be due to two misidentified sheets in K. These two specimens, which are labelled as Horsfield s.n. [Rub. 50] from Java, are indicated as L. tomentosus with Miquel’s handwriting and also were cited in literature (Miquel 1857). Miquel (1869) later changed his mind and considered that they were not the same as L. tomentosus . The taxon which was mistaken as L. tomentosus, has conspicuous strigose linear-lanceolate stipules, 4-merous flowers, hirsute and verrucose drupes with 4 pyrenes and is closer related to L. trichophlebus than to L. tomentosus . The taxon differs from L. trichophlebus by having only dense hirsute hairs on the branches and pubescent hairs on the leaf lower surface. It is better to treat the taxon as a variety of L. trichophlebus . A Javanese taxon L. sylvestris var. latifolius is recognized to be conspecific with this taxon. Therefore the combination for the taxon is made as L. trichophlebus var. latifolius .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C170D5DFFEB493BFF317DC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C170D5DFFEB4DD9FB4D7881.text	1664BC603C170D5DFFEB4DD9FB4D7881.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus undulatus H. Zhu 2012	<div><p>126. Lasianthus undulatus H.Zhu, sp. nov. — Fig. 39</p><p>Similis L. clementis Merr., sed ramulis dense tomentosis, foliis oblongi-lanceolatis rugosis margine undulatis,nervis 10–13-binatis, nervulis conspicue reticulatis et calycis limbis campanulatis differt. —</p><p>Typus: Van Steenis 9886 (holo L; iso K), Sumatra, Atjeh, Gajalanden, 1100 m alt., in forest ridges, 20 Mar. 1937 .</p><p>Shrub, 4 m high; branchlets terete, c. 2 mm diam,densely brownish tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong-lanceolate, 6 –11 by 2– 3 cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, puberulous or glabrescent above, puberulous beneath, rugose on both surfaces, apex acute or caudate-cuspidate, mucronate, margin recurved, base acute or abruptly acute, rugose and more or less undulate, midrib flat or slightly prominent and hirsute above, conspicuously prominent and densely hirsute beneath, nerves slender, slightly prominent and sparsely hirsute above, conspicuous and densely hirsute beneath, 10–13 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules obscure above, conspicuous beneath, reticulate; petioles c. 2 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules subulate-triangular, 2 – 3 mm long, densely tomentose. Inflorescences axillary, sessile; bracts absent. Flowers fascicular, sessile; calyx 2 mm long, pubescent on the external surface, tube obconical, c. 1 mm long, limb campanulate, lobes 5, triangular or subulate, c. 0.8 mm long; corolla up to 5 mm long, puberulous external surface, lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate, c. 2 mm long; stamens 5, filaments c. 0.8 mm long; anthers oblong, c. 0.8 mm long; ovary with 5 locules. Mature drupes not seen. Immature drupes subglobose, subglabrous, smooth; pyrenes 5, smooth on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Sumatra.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Montane forest between 1100–1500 m altitude. Flowering and fruiting between February and June.</p><p>Additional specimens examined. N Sumatra,Atjeh, De Wilde et al. 14766 (K, L), 18625 (K, L).</p><p>Note — This species is similar to L. clementis, but differs from the latter by having densely tomentose hairs on branchlets; leaves oblong-lanceolate, rugose, undulate at margin, nerves 10–13 pairs, nervules conspicuously reticulate; calyx with a campanulate limb. Lasianthus clementis has appressed-pubescent branchlets; leaves ovate-lanceolate, smooth on surfaces and at margin; nerves 4–5 pairs; nervules subparallel; calyx without a campanulate limb.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C170D5DFFEB4DD9FB4D7881	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C170D5BFCA24883FD817A6C.text	1664BC603C170D5BFCA24883FD817A6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus venosus Blume	<div><p>127. Lasianthus venosus Blume</p><p>Lasianthus venosus Blume (1826 –1827) 990; Miq. (1857) 323; (1869) 249; Bakh.f.(1965) 340. —</p><p>Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0000711), Java, Seriboe .</p><p>Lasianthus pterospermus Wight (1846) 510; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 125; Ridl. (1923a) 160; K.M. Wong (1989) 368, syn. nov. — Type: Kew Dist. 2929 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K; iso HUH), Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Lasianthus singalensis Miq.(1869) 247,syn. nov. — Type: Korthals s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057495; iso L, barcode L0057496), Sumatra, Mt Singalang .</p><p>Lasianthus chinensis sensu King &amp; Gamble (1904) 124,p.p.quoad specimen King’s collector 10100 (L).</p><p>Shrubs, up to 4 m high; branchlets terete, 2–2.5 mm diam, appressed-puberulous or glabrous, compressed in the youngest part and often dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades oblong, elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, 12–16 by 3–4.5 cm, thinly coriaceous, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent hairs on midrib and nerves or glabrescent beneath, apex cuspidate-acute or cuspidate-acuminate, base cuneate to subrounded, more or less asymmetric, midrib and nerves flat above, prominent beneath, nerves 9 –12 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved to the margin, nervules distinct above, distinct and prominent beneath, subparallel; petioles 2 – 3 mm long, pubescent. Stipules large, oblong-lanceolate to triangular oblong, 6– 8 or to 10 mm long, 3–4 mm broad, appressed-pubescent. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx tube obconic, 1–1.5 mm long, sparsely pubescent, lobes 4–5, lanceolate to triangular, 1–1.5 mm long, hirsute both sides; corolla tubular, c. 6 mm long, glabrous and dark outside, lobes 4–5, ovate, c. 2 mm long. Drupes subglobose, 6 – 8 mm diam, glabrous, conspicuously and sharply 8 –10-ridged, crowned by hirsute calyx limbs; pyrenes 4–5, 2-winged on the abaxial face.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Peninsular, Sarawak), Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan).</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus venosus is characterized by triangular-oblong to oblong-lanceolate stipules up to 10 mm long, drupes sharply 8–10-ridged with 4–5 pyrenes, c. 8 mm diam, pyrenes with 2 wings (a longitudinal wing on each side of the convex of pyrene). Lasianthus pterospermus and L. singalensis are characterized just by the same characteristics as L. venosus . They are surely conspecific.</p><p>Miquel (1869) reduced L. rigidus to a synonym of L. venosus . However, the type of L. rigidus is quite different from the type of L. venosus and represent a different species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C170D5BFCA24883FD817A6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C110D5BFFEB4A28FBD67DED.text	1664BC603C110D5BFFEB4A28FBD67DED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus verticillatus (Lour.) Merr.	<div><p>128. Lasianthus verticillatus (Lour.) Merr. — Map 9</p><p>Lasianthus verticillatus (Lour.) Merr.(1935) 372;H. Zhu (1994) 68; (1998) 156; (2001b) 144; (2002) 90. — Dasus verticillatus Lour. (1790) 142; S. Moore (1925) 250. —</p><p>Type: Dausus G. 48 (holo BM), Vietnam .</p><p>Lasianthus sylvestris Blume (1826 –1827) 999; Miq. (1857) 323; (1869) 248; Bakh.f. (1965) 343, syn. nov. — Type: Blume s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057520), Java, Rompien .</p><p>Lasianthus sylvestris Blume var. subsessilis (Miq.) Miq. (1869) 248. — Lasianthus subsessilis Miq. (1861) 550, syn. nov. — Type: Teysmann 4273 (holo L; iso K), Sumatra, Lampong .</p><p>Lasianthus truncatus Bedd. (1874) 2, t. 9; Hook.f. (1880) 189; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 302, f. 13. — Type: Beddome s.n. (lecto K, designated by Deb &amp; Gangopadhyay 1991), India, Mahendra Hill.</p><p>Lasianthus andamanicus Hook.f. (1880) 189; Deb &amp; M.Gangop. (1991) 276, excl. var. ciliatus Deb &amp; M.Gangop.; Craib (1934) 207. — Type: Wall. Cat. 8309 (holo K), Andaman.</p><p>Lasianthus wrayi King &amp; Gamble (1904) 119; Ridl. (1923a) 162, syn. nov. — Type: Wray 257 (holo K; iso U), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 4500 ft.</p><p>Lasianthus morus Elmer (1906a) 73; Merr. (1923) 567, syn. nov. — Type: Elmer 7050 (holo A; iso K, NY), Philippines, Palo, Leyte.</p><p>Lasianthus tamirensis Pierre ex Pit.(1924) 390. — Type: Pierre 587 (holo P; iso A, K, L, MO, SING), Cambodia, Samrong-tong, Mt Tamire.</p><p>Lasianthus nigrocarpus Masam. (1932) 222, nom. nud.</p><p>Lasianthus taitoensis Shimizu (1944) 239. — Lasianthus obliquinervis Merr. var. taitoensis (Shimizu) T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 145, f. 15; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 293. — Lasianthus verticillatus (Lour.) Merr. var. taitoensis (Shimizu) H. Zhu (1994) 69; (1998) 156. — Type: Suzuki &amp; Fukuyama s.n. (TIU, n.v.), Taiwan.</p><p>Lasianthus obliquinervis auct. non Merr.: T.S.Liu &amp; J.M.Chao (1964) 141, f. 13; J.M. Chao (1978) 301; H.J.Li &amp; H.Y.Liu (1998) 293, pl. 132; H.S. Lo (1999) 100, pl. 26: 1–6.</p><p>[ Lasianthus chinensis auct. non Benth.: Maxim. (1883) 173;A. Henry (1896) 51; Matsum. (1901) 16; Pit. (1924) 391; H.L. Li (1963) 855, p.p.].</p><p>Shrubs, 1.5– 3 m tall; branchlets terete, c. 3 mm diam, appressed-pubescent. Leaves: blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 9 –18 by 1.5–7 cm, coriaceous, glabrous above, thinly pubescent beneath, apex cuspidate-acute, acute or cuspidate-acuminate, base acute, midrib and nerves flat or slightly prominent above, conspicuously prominent beneath, nerves 5 – 9 pairs, nervules densely anastomosing, parallel; petioles 5 –10 mm long, pubescent. Stipules triangular, 3–4 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent or small subulate bracts; 2 – 5-flowered. Flowers sessile; calyx cupular, 3 –5 mm long, subglabrous or puberulous, tube short, 1–2 mm long, limb 2 –3 mm long, truncate or minutely dentate at apex, puberulous; corolla up to 10–12 mm long, hirsute outside, villous inside, lobes 5, ovate. Drupes subglobose, up to 10 mm diam, crowned by an enlarged cupular and truncate calyx limb, smooth on external surface; pyrenes usually 5, rare 4.</p><p>Distribution — India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), Sri Lanka, Burma, China, Japan (Ryukyu), Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia (Peninsular, Sabah), Philippines (Luzon to Palawan and Mindanao), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi), Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Notes — Lasianthus verticillatus is a wide distributed and variable species. It was treated as L. andamanicus and, the form with narrow leaves, as L. truncatus in India and Burma, as L. sylvestris, with the form with narrow leaves as var. subsessilis in Java and Sumatra, as L. tamirensis in Cambodia. It was confused with L. obliquinervis in the Philippines and also confused with L. chinensis and L. trichophlebus in China and Indochina.</p><p>Lasianthus verticillatus differs from L. trichophlebus by having more or less appressed pubescence on branches and leaf nerves beneath, stipules usually shorter, c. 3 mm long, flowers usually 5-merous, calyx limb cupular and usually truncate or sometimes minutely toothed, as well as the drupes crowned by a cupular and truncate calyx limb and smooth on external surface.</p><p>The specimens from mainland southeast China, Taiwan and Ryukyu that have been treated as L. obliquinervis are clearly conspecific with L. verticillatus . That is why Zhu (1994) reduced L. obliquinervis to a synonym of the latter. After examining specimens indicated as L. obliquinervis from the Philippines in K, L, MO, SING, it is found that these specimens represent more than one Lasianthus species. Even specimens determined as L. obliquinervis by Merrill himself, represent more than one species. Most of them agree well with L. verticillatus, while some do not. When Merrill described L. obliquinervis, he cited 10 collections (syntypes). We have seen only one of them, i.e. Whitford?t 247, isosyntypes in P and US. The isosyntype represents a different species from L. verticillatus . According to Merrill, L. obliquinervis has oblong-ovate c. 5 mm long stipules, calyx limbs with 4–5 triangular lobes and drupes with 6 triquetrous pyrenes and not crowned by an enlarged cupular and truncate limbs, which do not agree with L. verticillatus .</p><p>Lasianthus sylvestris, from the type specimen, is the same species as L. verticillatus . Although variety subsessilis has narrower leaves, it is just the same as L. truncatus .</p><p>Lasianthus wrayi has branches densely appressed-pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate, appressed-pubescent on nerves beneath, nerves 5, nervules parallel; stipules triangular; inflorescences subsessile; calyx campanulate, appressed-hirsute, with 4 small acute teeth. The incomplete duplicate of type specimen in U shows that L. wrayi is very similar to L. verticillatus . None of its characters are beyond the variability of L. verticillatus . It is, therefore, better to sink L. wrayi into L. verticillatus .</p><p>The specimens treated as L. morus were mixtures containing L. verticillatus, L. trichophlebus, and L. chlorocarpus . The type specimens of L. morus shows that this species has branchlets sparsely hirsute; leaves lanceolate, subcoriaceous, 10–16 by 1.5 – 2.5 cm, with falcate-caudate apex and acute or cuneate base, glabrous above, thinly appressed-pubescent venation beneath; stipules triangular, c. 2 mm long, hirsute; cymes sessile or very congested; calyx campanulate, pubescent, with a limb truncate or minutely 4-toothed; drupes verrucose, crowned by 4 minute subulate teeth, with 4 pyrenes. This species matches L. verticillatus and is here reduced to the latter.</p><p>Lasianthus verticillatus differs from L. chinensis by having usually thinner appressed-pubescent branches and leaf nerves beneath, coriaceous leaves with 5 – 9 pairs of nerves and parallel veinlets, cupulate and usually truncate calyx without teeth or sometime with minute teeth, and the drupes without conspicuous angular.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C110D5BFFEB4A28FBD67DED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C110D5AFCA24DAAFDA779DB.text	1664BC603C110D5AFCA24DAAFDA779DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus vriesianus Miq.	<div><p>129. Lasianthus vriesianus Miq.</p><p>Lasianthus vriesianus Miq.(1869) 249. —</p><p>Type: De Vriese &amp; Teysmann s.n. (holo L, barcode L0057506), Borneo .</p><p>Shrubs or treelets?; branchlets subterete, robust, c. 4.5 mm diam, glabrous, dark-brown when dry. Leaves: blades ovate-oblong, 13–19 by 4.5–6 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex acuminate, base broadly cuneate to subrounded; midrib prominent above, strongly prominent and dark-brown in colour beneath, nerves prominent on both surfaces, 6 – 8 pairs, ascending at an angle of 70–80°, curved to the margin, nervules densely anastomosing, prominent and distinct on both surfaces, subparallel; petioles c. 1 cm long, glabrous. Stipules broadly triangular, c. 2 mm long, puberulous. Cymes tuberculate; bracts absent. Flowers shortly pediceled; pedicels 2 – 3 mm long, slender, glabrous; calyx very small, campanulate, c. 1 mm long, glabrous, with 4–5 triangular teeth; corolla not seen. Drupes globose, c. 3 mm diam, glabrous, with 4–5 obtuse ridges; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Borneo.</p><p>Note — This species is characterized by glabrous and large coriaceous leaves and pediceled flowers. It is closely related to L. brevipedicellatus by similar pediceled flowers and drupes, but differs from the latter by having thickly coriaceous leaves with subrounded base. Lasianthus brevipedicellatus has chartaceous to subcoriaceous leaves with acute base. Only the type specimen of L. vriesianus with few immature drupes is seen. Of L. brevipedicellatus, only the type specimen and a collection from Malaysia, both in fruiting stage, were studied.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C110D5AFCA24DAAFDA779DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFCA24977FB617835.text	1664BC603C100D5AFCA24977FB617835.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus apiocarpus (Korth.) Miq. 1857	<div><p>1. Lasianthus apiocarpus (Korth.) Miq. (1857) 318.</p><p>— Mephitidia apiocarpa Korth. (1851) 221. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (n.v.), Sumatra, Singalang,</p><p>Note — According to Korthals’ description, this species has oblong leaves; tomentose branches and leaves beneath as well as petioles; lanceolate bracts; glabrous pyriform drupes. This species seems to be quite closely related to L. ellipticus except for its glabrous drupes ( L. ellipticus has hirsute drupes). However, after all collections in L were checked, no Korthals’ collection that matches the description was found. Also Miquel did not see Korthals’ material with the name Mephitidia apiocarpa . There is not enough evidence to confirm that L. apiocarpus is conspecific with L. ellipticus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFCA24977FB617835	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFCA248E4FBD87F5D.text	1664BC603C100D5AFCA248E4FBD87F5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus brevipes Valeton 1927	<div><p>2. Lasianthus brevipes Valeton (1927) 110. —</p><p>Syntypes: Ledermann 9303 (L), 10310 (L), New Guinea .</p><p>Note — This species does not match Lasianthus in having 2-pyrened drupes with a thin wall. Its generic position needs to be further studied.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFCA248E4FBD87F5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFCA24F4CFA8E7EF0.text	1664BC603C100D5AFCA24F4CFA8E7EF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus caudiculatus Ridl. 1915	<div><p>3. Lasianthus caudiculatus Ridl. (1915) 48; (1923a) 167. —</p><p>Type: Robinson s.n. (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 4500 ft.</p><p>Note — According to Ridley’s description L. caudiculatus has yellow appressed hairs on branches, leaf nerves beneath; leaves lanceolate with long caudate apex and cuneate base, 8 –9 by 2.5 cm; nerves 5 pairs; stipules triangular, silky; cymes sessile; calyx covered by silky yellow hairs. We have not seen any specimen from Peninsular Malaysia that matches Ridley’s description. Wong (1989) reduced it to a synonym of L. montanus . However, L. montanus is quite ambiguous because no other confirming specimens are available except the imperfect type specimen in SING. The few specimens indicated as L. montanus actually belong to Urophyllum hirsutum Wight.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFCA24F4CFA8E7EF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFCA24EB9FC2D7DD6.text	1664BC603C100D5AFCA24EB9FC2D7DD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus furcatus (Miq.) Bremek. 1957	<div><p>4. Lasianthus furcatus (Miq.) Bremek. (1957) 94, in adnot. —</p><p>Canthium furcatum Miq. (1857) 252. —</p><p>Syntypes: Junghuhn s.n. L0000682 (L), Junghuhn s.n. L0000683 (L), Java, Oengaran, Pengalengan; Zollinger s.n. (n.v.), Java, Gede .</p><p>Note — This species does not match Lasianthus in having 2-pyrened drupes with a thin wall. Its generic position needs to be further study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFCA24EB9FC2D7DD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFCA24DC7FB6E7348.text	1664BC603C100D5AFCA24DC7FB6E7348.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus harveyanus King & Gamble 1904	<div><p>5. Lasianthus harveyanus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 129; Ridl. (1923a) 162; K. M. Wong (1989) 370. —</p><p>Type: Wray 444 (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, 3400 ft.</p><p>Note — From King &amp; Gamble’s description, this species has branches rather thick and minutely rusty-tomentose; leaves membranaceous, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 4–5 in. long, apex rather blunt, base rounded, scabrid-puberulous beneath, nerves 4–6, minutely pubescent beneath, rusty-tomentose on the midribs on both sides; stipules triangular; cymes sessile, ebracteate; flowers sessile, 4-merous, calyx narrowly campanulate, densely pubescent, mouth 4-toothed. No specimens which match the species were found.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFCA24DC7FB6E7348	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFFEB49B0FEF97E8F.text	1664BC603C100D5AFFEB49B0FEF97E8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus vulcanicus Ridl.	<div><p>130. Lasianthus vulcanicus Ridl.</p><p>Lasianthus vulcanicus Ridl. (1923b) 71. —</p><p>Type: Ridley s.n. (holo K), Sumatra, Sibavak volcano .</p><p>Treelets, up to 5 m high; branchlets terete, c. 1.5 mm diam, glabrous or sparsely pubescent hairs on the youngest part. Leaves: blades ovate, ovate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 5–10 by 1– 3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, apex caudate, base acute, rarely acuminate, midrib, nerves and nervules distinct and prominent on both surfaces, nerves 5 –7 pairs, usually ascending at an angle of over 60°, curved to the margin, nervules densely anastomosing, subparallel; petioles 4–5 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stipules triangular, 1.5– 3 mm long, with a swollen base, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Cymes sessile, bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx tube obconic, 0.8 –1 mm long, glabrous, limb cupular, c. 1 mm long, minutely 5-toothed; corolla short, 3–4 mm long, glabrous outside. Drupes obconic-globose, 3–4 mm diam, glabrous; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Malaysia (Sabah), Indonesia (Sumatra, Java).</p><p>Note — This species is quite close to L. stercorarius, but differs from the latter by having glabrous branchlets and leaves, leaves with caudate apex, nervules distinct on both surfaces, densely anastomosing, parallel, relatively short petioles, stipules relatively small, calyx with a shortly cupular limb and drupes with 4–5 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFFEB49B0FEF97E8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C100D5AFFEB4E8CFAC07AD8.text	1664BC603C100D5AFFEB4E8CFAC07AD8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus wightianus Hook. f.	<div><p>131. Lasianthus wightianus Hook.f.</p><p>Lasianthus wightianus Hook.f. (1880) 188; King &amp; Gamble (1904) 125; Ridl. (1923a) 162. —</p><p>Type: Kew Dist. 2922 (Griffith s.n.) (holo K), Peninsular Malaysia, Mt Ophir .</p><p>Lasianthus venosus auct. non Blume: Wight (1846) 514.</p><p>Shrubs, up to 2.5 m high; branchlets robust, subterete, 2.5– 3 mm diam, brown-tomentose. Leaves: blades oblong or lanceolate oblong, 4–10 by 1.5–3.5 cm, rigid-chartaceous, scaberulous or tomentose hairs on midrib and nerves both surfaces, densely beneath,apex acuminate, base acute to subrounded, midrib and nerves slender and flat above, stout and prominent beneath, nerves 9–13 pairs, ascending at an angle of over 50°, curved to the margin, nervules prominent on both surfaces, conspicuously reticulate; petioles c. 2 mm long, tomentose. Stipules conspicuous, broadly triangular, 3–4 mm long, pubescent. Cymes sessile; bracts absent. Flowers sessile; calyx campanulate, pubescent, tube 0.8–1 mm long, lobes 5, subulate-triangular, c. 1 mm long; corolla hirsute outside. Drupes ellipsoid, glabrous or pubescent, c. 3 mm diam; pyrenes 4–5.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.</p><p>Note — This species is closely related to L. malaccensis by its leaves with conspicuously reticulate nervules, but differs from the latter by having densely pubescent branchlets, pubescent midrib and nerves on both surface; nerves 9 –13 pairs; petioles 2 mm long; stipules relatively big; drupes with 5– 6 pyrenes. Lasianthus malaccensis has young branchlets puberulous and later glabrescent, midrib and nerves minutely appressed puberulous beneath; nerves 8 – 9 pairs; petioles 5 – 6 mm long; stipules relatively small; drupes with 4 pyrenes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C100D5AFFEB4E8CFAC07AD8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB4BEFFEF67ABF.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB4BEFFEF67ABF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus harveyanus var. longifolia King & Gamble 1904	<div><p>6. Lasianthus harveyanus King &amp; Gamble var. longifolia King &amp; Gamble (1904) 129; Ridl. (1923a) 161. —</p><p>Type: Harvey s.n. (n.v.), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Notes — From King &amp; Gamble’s description, this variety has relatively large oblong-elliptic leaves with acuminate apex and 8 – 9 pairs of nerves up to 7.5 in. long.</p><p>Wong (1988) mentioned that only type collections of L. harveyanus and var. longifolia were known and informed us that they should be in SING. However, we did not see them in SING. No specimen checked by us match King &amp; Gamble’s descriptions well. Therefore we treat both this species and its variety as dubious.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB4BEFFEF67ABF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB496EFF3079BD.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB496EFF3079BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus lowianus King & Gamble 1909	<div><p>7. Lasianthus lowianus King &amp; Gamble (1909) 871.</p><p>— Lasianthus lucidus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 132, non Blume (1826 – 1827). —</p><p>Syntypes: Ridley 7437 (SING); Wray 2807 (SING); King’s collector 2840 (lecto L, designated here), Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor .</p><p>Note — This species does not match Lasianthus in having 2-pyrened drupes with a thin wall. Its generic position needs further study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB496EFF3079BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB486CFE7778A6.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB486CFE7778A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus montanus King & Gamble 1904	<div><p>8. Lasianthus montanus King &amp; Gamble (1904) 127;Ridl.(1923a) 163; K. M. Wong (1989) 371. —</p><p>Type: Wray 3932 (lecto SING, designated by Wong 1988), Peninsular Malaysia .</p><p>Note — This species is known from the incomplete type specimen in SING only. Since ovary and drupes were not included in King &amp; Gamble’s description, we cannot be certain that the species belongs to Lasianthus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB486CFE7778A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB4F77FE597D54.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB4F77FE597D54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus ovatus (Korth.) Miq. 1857	<div><p>9. Lasianthus ovatus (Korth.) Miq. (1857) 321.</p><p>— Mephitidia ovata Korth. (1851) 221. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (n.v.), Sumatra, Merapi .</p><p>Lasianthus ovatus (Korth.) Miq. var. oligoneurus (Korth.) Boerl. (1891) 141. — Mephitidia ovata Korth. var. oligoneura Korth. (1851) 221. — Type: Korthals s.n. (n.v.), Borneo, Sakoembang.</p><p>Notes — From Korthals’ description, this species has oblong-ovate leaf blade, apex acuminate, base obtuse or subcordate, hirsute beneath; cymes capitulate, with hirsute peduncle. According to the original description, this species differs from L. capitatus by having curved nerves, prolonged nervules, shorter calyx lobes.</p><p>Miquel did not see the type specimens. Neither did we after checking all Lasianthus collections in L. Several specimens from Sumatra and Borneo roughly match Korthals’ simple description, however, not one of these specimens can with certainty be identified with L. ovatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB4F77FE597D54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB4D45FDFC7C5A.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB4D45FDFC7C5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus platyphyllus (Korth.) Miq. 1857	<div><p>10. Lasianthus platyphyllus (Korth.) Miq. (1857) 318.</p><p>— Mephitidia platyphylla Korth. (1851) 222. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (n.v.), Sumatra, Singalang .</p><p>Note — According to Korthals, this species has branches glabrous; leaves ovate, the apex short acuminate, the base acute, nerves parallel, strigose beneath; bracts lanceolate, strigose; calyx lobes lanceolate hirsute. No specimens from Sumatra were found to match Korthals’ description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB4D45FDFC7C5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FFEB4C43FC267A66.text	1664BC603C130D59FFEB4C43FC267A66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus rufus (Korth.) Miq. 1857	<div><p>11. Lasianthus rufus (Korth.) Miq. (1857) 325.</p><p>— Mephitidia rufa Korth. (1851) 222. —</p><p>Type: Korthals s.n. (n.v.), Java, Boerangrang .</p><p>Note — According to Korthals’ description, this species has oblong-ovate and hirsute leaves with acuminate apex and unequal base; stipules ovate with acute apex, hirsute; calyx and drupes hirsute. There are no specimens from Java and Sumatra, which match the description of this species. However, as mentioned in the introduction, it is often a pitfall to recognise species without checking the type (s). These specimens from Java and Sumatra also agree well with L. hirtus from Peninsular Malaysia. Lasianthus hirtus could be conspecific with L. rufus . However, as long as the type specimens of L. rufus are not found, it is better to keep the name L. hirtus and treat L. rufus as a dubious name.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FFEB4C43FC267A66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
1664BC603C130D59FCA24A37FB1E7AA8.text	1664BC603C130D59FCA24A37FB1E7AA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lasianthus stipularis var. hirtus Ridl. 1923	<div><p>12. Lasianthus stipularis Blume var. hirtus Ridl.(1923a) 153; K. M. Wong (1989) 370. —</p><p>Type: Ridley s.n. (n.v.), Selangor, Limestone rock, Kanching .</p><p>Note — From Ridley’s description, this variety has very hairy stems, leaf lower surface and stipules. No specimens which match Ridley’s description were found.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1664BC603C130D59FCA24A37FB1E7AA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zhu, H.;Roos, M. C.;Ridsdale, C. E.	Zhu, H., Roos, M. C., Ridsdale, C. E. (2012): A taxonomic revision of the Malesian species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae). Blumea 57 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.3767/000651912X652012, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651912x652012
