taxonID	type	description	language	source
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	description	(Figs. 2 – 4)	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. All the specimens are mounted singly on slides. CHINA, Yunnan Province: holotype: adult ♀: 59 Dongna Road, Menghai, Xishuangbanna / 100 ° 44 ' E, 21 ° 95 ' N / on leaves of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) / 1. xi. 2018 / coll. Xubo Wang (SWFU). Paratypes: 4 ♀♀, collection data same as holotype (2 SWFU, 2 CFJAU). 1 ♀, on leaves of Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae), other collection data same as holotype (SWFU). 2 ♀♀, Dafenshan in Simao District, Pu’er City, 100 ° 99 ' E, 22 ° 77 ' N, on leaves and branches of Aquilaria sinensis (Thymelaeaceae), 23. iv. 2018, coll. Yong Wang & Xubo Wang (SWFU). 1 ♀, Environment Protection Bureau of Ning’er County, Pu’er City, 101 ° 04 ' E, 23 ° 04 ' N, on leaves of Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Araliaceae), 17. x. 2018, coll. Xubo Wang (SWFU). 1 ♀, Pingcun Town, Linxiang District, Lincang City, 100 ° 32 ' E, 23 ° 65 ' N, on leaves of Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), 21. iii. 2023, coll. Xubo Wang & Xu Hou (SWFU). To summarise, the holotype, and 7 paratypes, each mounted singly on 7 slides, have been deposited in SWFU, Yunnan, China, and two paratypes with same collection data as the holotype have been deposited in CFJAU, Nanchang, China.	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	description	Live appearance. Wax test of adult female oval or subcircular in outline (Figs. 2 A, 2 D), flat or slightly convex in pre-reproductive female (Fig. 2 B), and strongly convex in post-reproductive female (Fig. 2 E), 2 – 3 mm in diameter, and 1.3 – 1.7 mm high. Dry wax filaments as follows: cephalic filament appearing trifurcate; anterolateral and mediolateral filaments simple; posterolateral and caudal filaments bifurcate. In the first- and second-instar female stages, the dorsal dry wax forms a small, forward-inclined cap. Description of slide-mounted adult female (Figs. 3 and 4) Dorsum. Derm membranous in pre-reproductive female adult except for heavily sclerotized caudal process. Number of clear areas variable, 9 or 11 in pre-reproductive individuals, 7 in reproductive or post-reproductive ones, mediodorsal area absent. When numbering 7, clear areas distributed as follows: 1 cephalic, and 3 at each lateral area; when numbering 9, each posterior lateral clear area is divided into two; when numbering 11, the cephalic clear area is divided into three, with the middle area large. Dorsal setae very short, each with apex blunt, 1.5 – 2.4 μm long, and basal socket about 2 μm wide. Dorsal pores all of one type, each with 2 – 4 satellite loculi. Loculate microducts of complex type, each no more than 5 – 6 μm wide, with oval trilocular pores predominant over other pore types, apparently randomly distributed and abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; triangular trilocular pores mainly distributed in mediodorsal region, also with a few bilocular or quadrilocular pores in mediodorsal region. Preopercular pores numbering 8 in one transverse row. Anal plates each 101 – 127 μm long, width of both plates together 78 – 100 μm, each plate with 3 long, stout dorsal setae and 1 short seta near apex. Anal tube 160 – 180 μm long; anal ring bearing 6 setae. Margin. Marginal setae each setose, all curved and with sharp apex, located as follows: with 13 – 29 (average 20) between eye tubercles; each side with 6 – 13 (average 10) between each eye tubercle and anterior stigmatic furrow, 7 – 15 (average 12) between anterior and posterior stigmatic furrows, and 45 – 67 (average 54) on each side of abdomen, with last 3 setae longer. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a line of rather bullet-shaped stigmatic setae extending some distance along margin on either side of cleft, each group of stigmatic setae broadening to 4 – 8 setae deep in 3 irregular rows in center of each cleft. Eyespots slightly protruberant. Venter. Derm entirely membranous. Antennae each 218 – 256 μm long, with 6 segments; segment lengths in μm: III longest, 82 – 106; with 2 pairs of setae present between antennal bases. Legs developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad, each 20 – 26 μm long; tarsal digitules slender, expanded at apex, obviously longer than claw digitules, each 45 – 55 μm long. Leg measurements in μm: foreleg 398 – 476 long in total, with coxa 80 – 100; trochanter + femur 149 – 173; tibia 76 – 110, tarsus 54 – 67, and claw 20 – 26. Pregenital multilocular disc-pores, mostly each with 10 loculi, abundant on segment VII and forming 1 – 2 rows on segment VI, but absent anterior to segment VI. Spiracular quinquelocular pores forming fairly narrow band 3 – 5 pores wide. Ventral tubular ducts each with an asymmetrical cup at inner end, each duct with basal portion of inner filament greatly expanded, ducts arranged in submarginal band 2 – 5 ducts wide, originating just below eye and ending just anterior to anal cleft, interrupted only by stigmatic furrows. Cruciform pores present between band of tubular ducts and body margin. A single pair of prevulvar long setae present.	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The ventral tubular ducts of this species, each with a very short, swollen inner ductule, form a submarginal band, a characteristic typically found in the C. floridensis - group. It closely resembles C. planus due to the absence of multilocular disc-pores on the thorax and abdomen anterior to segment VI, but differs from the latter (character states for C. planus given in parentheses) in having the following character combination: (i) stigmatic clefts each with 26 – 29 bullet-shaped setae (5 – 14); (ii) microducts along the body margin absent (present).	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ planoides ” combines the Latin word planus (“ flat ”, referring to C. planus) with the Greek suffix - oides (“ resembling ”), meaning “ similar to C. planus ”.	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFA4841D1AF5FBE6B036F83B.taxon	discussion	Molecular evidence The eleven COI sequences were each trimmed to a length of 705 bp, with no insertions, deletions, or stop codons detected. The sequences of C. planoides revealed four variable sites and three parsimony-informative sites, with intraspecific genetic K 2 P distances and p - distances ranging from 0 % to 0.42 % (mean 0.19 %). Genetic distances between C. planoides and five other species in the C. floridensis - group ranged from 10.30 % to 16.69 % (mean 12.99 %) for K 2 P distances and from 9.50 % to 14.75 % (mean 11.70 %) for p - distances, indicating the closest relationship is with C. planus and the most distant relationship is with C. kunmingensis. In the NJ tree, all the individuals of C. planoides formed a well-supported monophyletic clade, sister to the clade of C. planus (Fig. 5 a). The clade, comprising C. planoides and C. planus, showed a sister relationship with a clade containing C. floridensis, C. japonicus, C. centroroseus, and C. kunmingensis. Within the C. planoides clade, three subclades were observed, all with high bootstrap support values: one subclade consisting of two specimens from Yingjiang County, a second subclade with two specimens from Menghai County, and a third subclade comprising the remaining six specimens (Fig. 5 a). For the nuclear gene marker, ten 28 S sequences of C. planoides were obtained, with a length of 863 bp, containing two variable sites and one parsimony-informative site. Intraspecific genetic distances ranged from 0 % to 0.20 % (mean 0.08 %) for both K 2 P and p - distances. Ceroplastes planoides exhibited K 2 P distances ranging from 1.23 % to 4.06 % (mean 2.18 %) and p - distances ranging from 1.22 % to 3.94 % (mean 2.12 %) when compared to other species in the C. floridensis - group, indicating the closest relationship is with C. planus and the most distant relationship is with C. kunmingensis. Neighbor-joining analysis based on the 28 S sequences placed individuals of C. plaoides in an independent clade with high support, also sister to C. planus (Fig. 5 b).	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
19028502FFAF84131AF5F9F4B1DBFAA6.taxon	description	Note: Ceroplastes actiniformis is not included in this key, since no specimens were available for study and Green’s (1896 and 1909) descriptions provide insufficient detail.	en	Li, Pengchen, Wang, Xubo (2025): A new species of Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from southwest China evidenced by morphological and molecular data, with a discussion on the variation in the number of clear areas in the C. floridensis species-group. Zootaxa 5693 (1): 94-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.1.6
