taxonID	type	description	language	source
927EBA5465FE5FD7AD4AE4B18288A116.taxon	description	Figs 3 b, 7, 8 b, d, f, 9, 10 e, 11 e, 12 e	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
927EBA5465FE5FD7AD4AE4B18288A116.taxon	etymology	Etymology of name. The species is named in honor of Hélène Legrand, wife of Jean Legrand (see Dedication above). The species name is her given name in apposition (restrictive) to the masculine genus name.	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
927EBA5465FE5FD7AD4AE4B18288A116.taxon	description	Description (based only on male holotype). Adult. Medium-sized. Head (Fig. 7 a – d): 1.81 mm wide (dorsum, including eyes); ratio of head width to eye width = 1.94: 1; sutures not visible. Vertex raised, with small posterior fold. Antenna 23.6 mm long (~ 1.2 times length of forewing); scapes prominent, approximately as long as broad (0.17 – 0.18 mm). Pedicel round, tubular, not modified. Torulus relatively large, extending well below mid-eye level. Frons short to moderate length, with pale setae, lower margin scalloped upward above clypeus (below toruli). Tentorial pits distinct, round, raised. Gena 0.21 mm long; ratio of genal length to distance between tentorial pits = 0.47: 1. Clypeus quadrate, except dorsal margin broadly curved upward below frons, distal margin relatively straight, pale mesally; surface rounded, slightly raised mesally, with sparse, amber setae of medium length. Labrum tapering anteriorly, with bilobed frontal margin, distinct cleft between lobes moderately deep, lateral margins tapering, long setae basally, shorter setae distally. Labium with submentum slender, rounded ventrally, with round, slightly bulbous tip. Coloration: Scapes with frontal surface pale, mesal tip with dark mark extending onto mesal base of pedicel; pedicel tan throughout; flagellum largely pale, with basal three segments, distal segments dark brown to black. Lateral margins of vertex with pair of dark brown, curvy longitudinal bands, forming cream-colored circular spot centrally, each band with pale spot adjacent to circular spot, thus forming transverse row of three round cream-colored spots. Frons heavily marked with dark brown to reddish black distally, with broad, dark brown, scalloped band along margin above clypeus, laterally extending almost to mesal margins of eyes, mesally extending very short distance between scapes; area below scapes cream-colored, without markings. Clypeus with slender stripe across midsection, not reaching lateral margins; labrum with slight brownish tinge mesally. Clypeus with dark brown marks laterally, blending into dark distal marks on gena. Venter of head pale, pair of small brown spots near base of mentum and eyes; distal three maxillary palpomeres dark brown to black, basal two probably pale; distal labial palpomere black, basal two pale. Thorax (Fig. 7 a, b, e): Prothorax approximately two times wider than long: 0.64 mm long, 0.31 mm wide; ratio of length to width = 0.48: 1. Surface with fine, golden setae, most short, some long to very long. Legs slender, with short to medium length, robust, setae, few long setae; tips of tarsi smooth, shiny (black) dorsally, with pair of smooth, small, swellings at terminus (Fig. 7 e). Tarsal claw moderately long, narrow, base without dilation but with small mesal spur, two pairs of very long setae distally. Coloration: [Note: cream- or tan-colored areas described here probably green in life.] Three thoracic segments mostly dark brown; pronotum with margins dark brown to black, center cream-colored, mottled with ~ six large dark brown to black patches; venter, pleural region cream to light tan. Mesonotum, metanotum with paired cream and dark brown patches interspersed in roundish pattern. Legs pale, mostly unmarked, with setae mostly golden, few longer setae pale; surface of terminal segment (including base of tarsal claws and pair of small terminal swellings) shiny, black (Fig. 7 e). Tarsal claw moderately long, narrow, with small spur; base slightly enlarged, without distinct dilation. Wings (Fig. 3 b): Forewing (left) 19.4 mm long, 7.2 mm wide (maximum). Costal area moderately tall; tallest costal cell (# 10) 1.7 mm tall, 0.24 times maximum height of wing. First intramedian cell triangular, stout, 1.2 mm wide, ~ 0.6 times width of third median cell. Origin of first radial crossvein ~ 0.32 mm distal to origin of Rs; radial area (between R and Rs) with single row of 14 closed cells; tallest radial cell 2.9 times taller than wide. Three b cells, each full sized, slightly longer than tall; first b cell heavily marked on all sides. Two series of gradates; 8 inner gradates, 9 outer gradates; size of cells bounded by gradates fairly uniform, lengthening slightly distally. Four b’ cells (beneath Psm, after im 2); last b’ cell wider than tall. Three intracubital cells, distal one open; first cubital crossvein located basal to second mediocubital crossvein; icu 1, icu 2 each shorter than icu 3; icu 1 + icu 2 longer than icu 3. Vein 1 A forked. Terminal margin with approximately 5 simple veinlets, 13 forked veinlets. Hindwing: 17.2 mm long, 5.2 mm wide; 12 radial cells (counted from origin of R, not false origin); t cell absent; first b cell beneath RP relatively small, quadrate, heavily marked. Two series of gradates; 6 inner gradates, 8 outer gradates. Three b cells; 4 b’ cells beyond im 2; 3 intracubital cells, distal one open. Terminal margin with 5 simple basal veinlets, 12 forked basal veinlets. Coloration: Wings hyaline, with bold dark brown markings. Forewing: stigma with large dark-brown spot basally, second smaller dark-brown spot distally; veins pale except in marks; penultimate sections of R, Rs, including R – Rs crossveins dark brown, surrounded by dark brown suffusion; slightly elongate dark brown mark at tip of wing, dark streak across center of wing, through inner gradate veins; dark-brown streak from base of Rs to margin of wing; scattered dark-brown marks along lower basal half of wing edge. Hindwing: stigma with one large dark-brown mark; base of RP, t cell absent; first b cell small, quadrate with dark-brown mark; distal section of cu (on posterior margin of wing) dark brown. Terminal margin with 4 simple veinlets, ~ 14 forked veinlets. Male abdomen (Figs 8, 9, slightly teneral). Segments 1 – 3 similar in size, proportion to distal segments, only slightly larger than basal segments. Fifth, sixth tergites (T 5, T 6) slightly taller than seventh tergite (T 7). Tergites, sclerites, pleural region with numerous, short to medium length setae, microsetae; spiracles not enlarged; microtholi absent. Abdominal sternites moderately tall (S 6: ratio of length to width = 1.2: 1), with dorsal margins straight, slanting; distal sternites with slightly long, slender setae throughout. Callus cerci almost round to slightly ovate, 0.23 – 0.16 mm diameter, with ~ 31 long trichobothria; cupuliform bases of variable size [those within central section larger (~ 0.028 mm) than those on periphery (~ 0.015 mm)]. Dorsum of T 9 + ectoproct rounded distally, fused mesally with very small to no cleft; no midline suture visible; with long setae, densest along distal margin; dorsal apodeme straight, extending along full length of T 9 + ectoproct, above upper side of callus cerci, with large ventral spur extending downward along basal margin of callus cerci to posterodistal margin of ectoproct. S 8 + 9 fused, apparently without suture, tapering to acute apex (lateral view); S 9 slightly darker than S 8; ventral apodeme extending across dorsal surface of S 8 + 9; S 9 spatulate distally, with terminal membrane prominent, attached across full margin of sternite; membrane bearing single, irregular row of large robust gonocristae laterally, smaller, denser gonocristae mesally. Male genitalia. Tignum, gonapsis, parameres, quadrate hood, pseudopenis, spinellae absent. Gonarcus broad, with gonarcal bridge bearing pair of elongate gonocornua fused laterally forming dome-like plate above mediuncus. Gonarcal arms large, rounded, expanded slightly forward. Mediuncus elongate, in two sections: basal section extending from below gonarcal bridge, with pair of elongate, rod-like internal apodemes covered dorsally by heavy subanal membrane; distal section of mediuncus extending distally from basal section at acute angle, with pair of flange-like arms lateral to mesal beak; gonosaccus beneath mediuncus, stiff, flat laterally, with few gonosetae. Female abdomen and genitalia. Unknown.	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
927EBA5465FE5FD7AD4AE4B18288A116.taxon	distribution	Known distribution. South America. Bolivia (Cochabamba).	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
E596F489F95457B7BC3DD5E91CE47B2D.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3 a, 4, 5, 6, 8 a, c, e, 10 d, 11 d, 12 d	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
E596F489F95457B7BC3DD5E91CE47B2D.taxon	etymology	Etymology of name. The species carries the surname of Jean Legrand (see Dedication above). Jean had a special love for art (especially painting); it is thus fitting that his name is associated with a beautiful lacewing that has stunning wing markings. The species name is a singular noun in the genitive case following a masculine genus name.	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
E596F489F95457B7BC3DD5E91CE47B2D.taxon	description	Description. Adult. Medium-sized. Head (Fig. 1): Dorsum, including eyes 1.70 (F) – 1.85 (M) mm wide; ratio of head width to eye width = 1.71 (M) – 1.86 (F): 1; sutures not visible. Vertex raised, with small posterior fold. Antenna long (28 mm, n = 1), ~ 1.5 times length of forewing; scape large, with approximately equal length and width; length of flagellomeres (beyond # 5) ~ 1.6 – 1.8 times width, with setae in four rings; labrum emarginate. Torulus relatively large, extending slightly below mid-eye level. Frons with short to moderate length, pale setae, lower margin scalloped upward above clypeus (below toruli). Tentorial pits distinct, round, raised. Gena 0.24 mm long; ratio of genal length to distance between tentorial pits = 0.43: 1. Clypeus quadrate, except dorsal margin broadly curved upward below frons, distal margin relatively straight, pale mesally, dorsal surface rounded, slightly raised mesally, with sparse, short to medium length amber setae. Labrum tapering anteriorly, with bilobed frontal margin, distinct cleft between lobes moderately deep, lateral margins tapering, long setae basally, shorter setae distally. Labium with submentum slender, rounded ventrally, with rounded, slightly bulbous tip. Coloration: Markings on vertex, frons dark brown to black with tinge of deep red; broad, scalloped stripe across frons; vertex with large pentagonal mark, cream area within; clypeus with slender stripe across midsection, not reaching margins; labrum with dark reddish brown tinge mesally. Antenna with scapes pale frontally, dark brown dorsally, frontolaterally; pedicel cream with tinge of red distally; basal three flagellomeres dark brown to black frontally, medially; remaining flagellomeres pale. Maxilla with distal three palpomeres dark brown to black, basal two palpomeres pale with black markings laterally. Labium pale, with distal two palpomeres black, basal one pale. Thorax (Fig. 2 a): Prothorax wider than long: 0.86 – 0.93 mm long, 1.11 – 1.27 mm wide, ratio of length to width = 0.69: 0.78; setae scattered, long to medium length, thin, golden. Legs robust, of moderate length, with dense, short, golden setae; tarsal claws without basal dilation, but with two prongs. Coloration: Pronotum cream mesally, dark brown laterally; anterior brown section broadly quadrate, extending about halfway across dorsal surface, with central section bearing cream spot; posterior section cream mesally, with brown stripe laterally. Mesonotum dark brown laterally, with patches of cream mesally on prescutum, scutum. Scutellum with large cream spot. Metanotum entirely dark brown dorsally. Thoracic pleuron, venter pale to light tan. Legs pale, mostly unmarked, with short to medium length, golden setae, few long, pale setae; terminal segment (base of tarsal claws) smooth, shiny, black dorsally, with pair of small (indistinct) swellings, two pairs of moderately long setae at tip (Fig. 7 e). Tarsal claw moderately long, narrow distally, with single small spur; base slightly enlarged, without distinct dilation. Wings (Fig. 3 a): Measurements: male left wing (n = 1 – 2); female, right wing (n = 1). Forewing: 17.3 – 18.7 mm long, 6.2 – 6.9 mm wide (maximum). Costal area moderately tall; tallest costal cell (# 9, 10) 1.5 – 1.7 mm tall, 0.23 – 0.24 times maximum height of wing. First intramedian cell triangular, elongate, 1.5 – 1.6 mm wide, ~ 0.7 – 0.8 times width of third median cell. Origin of first radial crossvein ~ 0.5 mm distal to origin of Rs; radial area (between R and Rs) with single row of 13 or 14 closed cells; tallest radial cell 1.1 – 1.3 mm, 0.77 – 0.80 times taller than tallest costal crossvein. Three b cells, each full sized, slightly longer than tall; first b cell heavily marked on all sides. Two series of gradates; 8 – 10 inner gradates, 7 or 8 outer gradates; size of cells bounded by gradates fairly uniform, lengthening then shortening distally. Four to 5 b’ cells; last b’ cell wider than tall. Three intracubital cells, distal one open; first cubital crossvein located slightly basal to first mediocubital crossvein; icu 1, icu 2 each shorter than icu 3; icu 1 + icu 2 considerably longer than icu 3. Vein 1 A forked. Terminal margin with approximately 5 simple veinlets, 13 forked veinlets. Hindwing: 16.7 – 17.0. mm long, 5.0 – 5.1 mm wide. Eleven to 14 radial cells (counted from origin of R, not false origin); t cell absent. Two series of gradates; 5 – 9 inner gradates, 7 outer gradates. Two to 4 b cells; 4 or 5 b’ cells beyond im 2. Terminal margin with 7 or 8 simple basal veinlets, 9 – 11 forked basal veinlets. Coloration: Wing surface hyaline, with bold, dark brown markings. Forewing: Stigma with moderately large, dark brown spot basally, second, smaller dark brown spot distally; veins pale except when surrounded by dark marks: e. g., distal part of R and Rs dark brown with surrounding area dark brown; slightly elongate dark brown mark at tip of wing; two dark spots in approximate center of wing; scattered dark brown marks along basal 2 / 3 of lower edge of wing; veins dark when within dark spots. Hindwing: stigma with one large dark brown mark; base of RP, basal b cell dark, within dark brown mark; distal section of cu (upper fork) dark; posterior margin of wing with dark brown section, including suffusion at intersections with marginal veinlets. Male abdomen (Figs 4, 5). Segments 1 – 3 not particularly long or slender; distal segments only slightly larger than basal segments (male and female). Tergites shallow, with slightly rounded margins; each tergite with distinctive brown marking having white center spot. Tergites, sclerites, pleural region with numerous, short to medium length setae, microsetae. Abdominal sternites moderately tall (S 6: ratio of length to width = 1.3: 1), with dorsal margins straight, slanting, spiracles not enlarged, without microtholi; S 9 with slightly long, robust setae distally, without microtholi. Callus cerci almost round (0.23 – 0.19 mm diameter), with 33 – 35 long trichobothria; cupuliform bases of variable size [those within central section larger (~ 0.026 mm) than those on periphery (~ 0.014 mm)]. Dorsum of T 9 + ectoproct rounded distally, fused mesally, with very small to no cleft; no midline suture visible; with long setae, densest along distal margin; dorsal apodeme simple, straight, short, extending around proximal side of callus cerci. S 8 + 9 fused without suture, tapering to acute apex (lateral view); S 9 slightly darker than S 8; ventral apodeme extending across dorsal surface of S 8 + 9; distal margin of S 8 + 9 spatulate, with terminal membrane prominent; membrane bearing moderately heavy gonocristae in two broad (somewhat irregular) lateral patches, single, small mesal patch of several (~ 3) gonocristae. Coloration: Dorsum of each segment pale with large black central mark; marks on T 2 – T 8 with prominent white spot in center of black area; mark on T 1 without white spot; venter, pleuron white to cream. Setae golden, long; dorsal half of callus cerci light cream colored; ventral half black. Male genitalia. Tignum, gonapsis, parameres, quadrate hood, pseudopenis, spinellae absent; S 8 + 9 fused, elongate, not extending beyond T 9 + ectoproct. Gonarcus broad, with very small gonocornua on frontolateral margin of gonarcal bridge, with relatively large, rounded gonarcal arms expanded forward slightly; mediuncus in two sections; basal section extending from below gonarcal bridge, with pair of internal apodemes dorsomesally, with dorsal surface membranous, broad basally, tapering distally; distal section of mediuncus extending perpendicularly from tip of basal section, distally with flange-like lateral arms partially surrounding mesal beak; gonosaccus beneath mediuncus, stiff, flat, laterally with a few gonosetae on chalazae. Female abdomen (Fig. 6; n = 2, both slightly teneral). Callus cerci round, 0.14 mm in diameter, with 36 – 37 trichobothria of variable length; cupuliform bases also of variable diameter (0.010 – 0.029 mm). Dorsum of T 9 + ectoproct rounded posteriorly, tall (lateral view), extending approximately to lateral margin of gonapophysis lateralis. Sternite 7 with dorsal margin relatively straight; distal margin blunt, not particularly heavy, with setae mostly missing. Gonapophyses laterales slender, occupying approximately half of abdominal posterior margin; interior membranous area not greatly expanded or inflatable. T 9 + ectoproct truncate posteriorly, extending slightly below gonapophyses laterales (lateral view). Gonapophyses laterales occupying ~ 60 – 70 % of posterior margin of abdomen. Female genitalia. Entire genital structure compact; spermathecal complex, bursal duct, base of subgenitale all contained below bursa copulatrix. Subgenitale broadly based, with distinct quadrate knob distally; distal section of knob bilobed, with broad, flat trough between lobes; lower frontal region of subgenitale with elongate, downward-projecting, snout-like protuberance (knob). Spermatheca round, doughnut shaped, with broad invagination, distal end with relatively large tapering, sclerotized, coiled and curved tubule (velum), with slit along most or full length, apparently opening to bursa; velum ~ 0.9 mm long, ~ 0.14 mm wide at widest point, 0.04 mm wide near middle. Spermatheca doughnut shaped, 0.38 mm in diameter, 0.16 mm deep, with invagination in center, 0.19 mm in diameter, 0.11 mm deep. Spermathecal duct very faint. Bursa copulatrix folded, pleated, small, barely covering dorsum of spermatheca, with distal end tapered, attached directly to sclerotized spermathecal velum, without bursal duct; bursal glands not found. Colleterial complex, transverse sclerite not discerned.	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
E596F489F95457B7BC3DD5E91CE47B2D.taxon	distribution	Known distribution. Central America. Belize (Cayo), Costa Rica (San Jose), Honduras (Colón, prob.), Nicaragua (Rio San Juan), Panama (Chiriquí).	en	Tauber, Catherine A. (2025): Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini). ZooKeys 1226: 195-215, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1226.140386
