taxonID	type	description	language	source
2B502B905ACF5A9088A8201AD93ACF74.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
2B502B905ACF5A9088A8201AD93ACF74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The salient features of the new species include: anal style (Fig. 2 H) extending beyond anal segment; gonostyli in ventral view (Fig. 2 G) fist-shaped at apex, basal 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 with emarginations; periandrium (Fig. 2 J – M) in dorsal margin with a lamellar process, extending to apex to form a thin process, directed ventrad, base to 2 / 3 with a long stripy process.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
2B502B905ACF5A9088A8201AD93ACF74.taxon	description	Description. Measurements. Total length: male 6.1 – 6.4 mm (N = 4). Coloration. General color greyish white (Fig. 2 A, B). Vertex yellowish with green. Eyes brown. Ocelli faint red. Frons yellowish brown, median carina dark yellow, lateral carinae pale yellowish green, lateral side of head with a triangular yellowish-green spot anterior to the eyes. Clypeus yellowish brown with green, carinae brown. Antennae grayish green. Pronotum with median part dark grayish green, lateral sides white with a little green. Mesonotum yellowish to brown. Tegula yellowish brown. Forewings semi-translucent, grayish white, with many variform pale yellowish green and dark brown stripes and markings, stigma light yellowish brown, veins and tubercles green to yellowish brown, as shown in Fig. 2 E. Head and thorax. Vertex (Fig. 2 A, C) 1.38 times as long as wide, width at apex narrower than at base (1: 2.22), anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin U-shaped recessed, lateral carina developed, median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 2 D) longer in middle line than wide at widest portion (about 3.65: 1), widest at nearly apex, lateral carina developed, apex of median carina raised. Clypeus (Fig. 2 D) with distinct median carina. Pronotum (Fig. 2 A, C) shorter than vertex in midline (1: 1.57), posterior margin recessed. Mesonotum (Fig. 2 A, C) longer than 2.31 times pronotum and vertex combined. Forewings (Fig. 2 E) 2.19 times as long as wide, with twelve apical cells and seven subapical cells, RP 3 branches, MP with 5 terminals: MP 11, MP 12, MP 2, MP 3, and MP 4, fork MP 1 + MP 2 basad of fork MP 3 + MP 4. Hind tibia with five lateral spines. Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 2 F, G) ventral margin distinctly longer than dorsal margin in lateral view, posterior margin convex at middle, lateral lobes arcuate and extended caudally; in ventral view symmetrical, medioventral process long, equilateral triangular. Anal segment (Fig. 2 F, H) in lateral view flat tubular, dorsal margin straight, ventral margin curved slightly; in dorsal view, 1.48 times as long as wide; anal style big, triangular, extending beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 2 G, I) in lateral view L-shaped, curved dorsally near the middle, ventral margin with a notch at basal 1 / 3; in ventral view lateral margins curved, widens towards the end, fist-shaped at apex, basal 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 with emarginations. Aedeagus (Fig. 2 J – M) with a spinose process. Periandrium in dorsal margin with a lamellar process, extending to apex, forming a thin process, directed ventrad; apical part with a slender spinous process, curved ventrally at base, then strong bending, directed caudad; base to 2 / 3 with a long stripy process. Endosoma slightly sclerotized, without process.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
2B502B905ACF5A9088A8201AD93ACF74.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Yunnan Province) (Fig. 1).	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
2B502B905ACF5A9088A8201AD93ACF74.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin word “ elongatus ”, referring to periandrium with a long stripy process at base to 2 / 3.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
178AF932DFEF5512A161BAF7BFFCFA5B.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
178AF932DFEF5512A161BAF7BFFCFA5B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The salient features of the new species include: gonostyli in ventral view (Fig. 3 G) bent into a rectangular shape at apex, inner margins sunken at base forming a small process, middle part protrudes slightly; periandrium (Fig. 3 J – M) in ventral margin with a wide lamellar process at apical half, dorsal margin with a long strip-shaped process, tapering to apex, with a long hook-shaped process near the middle.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
178AF932DFEF5512A161BAF7BFFCFA5B.taxon	description	Description. Measurements. Total length: male 6.3 – 6.6 mm (N = 16), female 7.0 – 7.6 mm (N = 8). Coloration. General color yellowish brown with green (Fig. 3 A, B). Vertex foul-brown with green, lateral carinae dark yellow. Eyes gray-brown to brown. Ocelli gray. Frons dark brown at base, rest yellowish brown, lateral carinae yellowish green to dark green, lateral side of head with a triangular turquoise spot anterior to the eyes. Clypeus yellowish brown. Antennae yellowish brown with green at base. Pronotum greyish white with turquoise, brown behind eyes. Mesonotum yellowish brown to brown with green. Tegula yellowish brown. Forewings semi-translucent, grayish white, with many variform yellowish brown to brown and dark brown stripes and markings, stigma yellowish green, veins and tubercles turquoise to green to light yellowish brown, as shown in Fig. 3 E. Head and thorax. Vertex (Fig. 3 A, C) 1.63 times as long as wide, width at apex narrower than at base (1: 1.73), anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin U-shaped recessed, lateral carina developed, median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 3 D) longer in middle line than wide at widest portion (about 3.65: 1), widest at nearly apex, lateral carina developed, apex of median carina raised. Clypeus (Fig. 3 D) with median carina. Pronotum (Fig. 3 A, C) shorter than vertex in midline (1: 1.57), posterior margin recessed. Mesonotum (Fig. 3 A, C) longer than 2.36 times pronotum and vertex combined. Forewings (Fig. 3 E) 2.19 times as long as wide, with twelve apical cells and seven subapical cells, RP 3 branches, MP with 5 terminals: MP 11, MP 12, MP 2, MP 3, and MP 4, fork MP 1 + MP 2 basad of fork MP 3 + MP 4. Hind tibia with six lateral spines. Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 3 F, G) ventral margin distinctly longer than dorsal margin in lateral view, posterior margin convex at middle, lateral lobes arcuate and extended caudally; in ventral view symmetrical, medioventral process short, triangular. Anal segment (Fig. 3 F, H) in lateral view flat tubular, dorsal and ventral margins nearly straight; in dorsal view, 2.32 times as long as wide; anal style big, elliptic, not extending beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 3 I, G) in lateral view L-shaped, curved dorsally near the middle, ventral margin sunken at basal 1 / 3, with a small process; in ventral view lateral margins curved, bent into a rectangular-shape at apex, directed reversely, inner margins sunken at base form a small process, middle part protrudes slightly. Aedeagus (Fig. 3 J – M) with a spinose process. Periandrium in ventral margin with a wide lamellar process at apical half, nearly basal part frizzy; dorsal margin with a long strip-shaped process, tapering to apex, with a long hook shaped near the middle, directed ventrocephalad; apical part with a slender spinous process, curved ventrally at base, slowly sloping to straight, then bends almost 90 degrees to the abdomen, directed ventrad. Endosoma slightly sclerotized, without process. Female genitalia. Tergite IX (Fig. 4 A, D) moderately sclerotized, without wax plate. Anal segment (Fig. 4 C) rectangular, 1.80 times as long as wide in dorsal view, anal style angular. Gonapophysis VIII (Fig. 4 E) elongate, curved upwards. Gonapophysis IX (Fig. 4 F) with two middle teeth, denticulation unsharp. Gonoplac (Fig. 4 G) rod-like, 6.65 times as long as wide in lateral view. Posterior vagina pattern as shown in Figure 4 B.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
178AF932DFEF5512A161BAF7BFFCFA5B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) (Fig. 1).	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
178AF932DFEF5512A161BAF7BFFCFA5B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named after its the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in which it was collected.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
F91629BF8413518A9FF6B511FC6B69BF.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
F91629BF8413518A9FF6B511FC6B69BF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The salient features of the new species include: gonostyli in ventral view (Fig. 5 G) bent into a rectangular shape at apex, with an angular process near the middle; dorsal margin of periandrium (Fig. 5 J – M) with a hook-like process near the middle, ventral margin with a wide subquadrilateral process nearly basal to the middle part; slender spinose process of periandrium circular at apical part.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
F91629BF8413518A9FF6B511FC6B69BF.taxon	description	Description. Measurements. Total length: male 6.4 – 6.7 mm (N = 4), female 7.5 mm (N = 1). Coloration. General color brown (Fig. 5 A, B). Vertex dark brown, lateral carinae yellowish brown. Eyes red-black. Ocelli faint red. Frons yellowish brown to dark brown, lateral carinae light yellowish brown at basal half, rest brown, lateral side of head with a grey-brown spot anterior to the eyes. Clypeus yellowish brown. Antennae gray-brown. Pronotum greyish white, yellowish brown behind eyes. Mesonotum brown at middle part, yellowish to yellowish brown at lateral sides. Tegula yellowish brown. Forewings semi-translucent, grayish white, with many variform yellowish brown to brown and dark brown stripes and markings, stigma yellowish brown, veins and tubercles greyish white to yellowish brown, as shown in Figure 5 E. Head and thorax. Vertex (Fig. 5 A, C) 1.51 times as long as wide, width at apex narrower than at base (1: 2.22), anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin U-shaped, recessed, lateral carina developed, median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 5 D) longer in middle line than wide at widest portion (about 3.65: 1), widest at nearly apex, lateral carina developed, apex of median carina raised. Clypeus (Fig. 5 D) with distinct median carina. Pronotum (Fig. 5 A, C) shorter than vertex in midline (1: 1.57), posterior margin recessed. Mesonotum (Fig. 5 A, C) longer than 1.76 times pronotum and vertex combined. Forewings (Fig. 5 E) 2.19 times as long as wide, with twelve apical cells and seven subapical cells, RP 3 branches, MP with 5 terminals: MP 11, MP 12, MP 2, MP 3, and MP 4, fork MP 1 + MP 2 basad of fork MP 3 + MP 4. Hind tibia with six lateral spines. Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 5 F, G) ventral margin distinctly longer than dorsal margin in lateral view, posterior margin with middle part distinctly convex, lateral lobes arcuate and extended caudally; in ventral view symmetrical, medioventral process short, angular. Anal segment (Fig. 5 F, H) in lateral view flat tubular, dorsal margin almost straight, ventral margin curved slightly; in dorsal view apical part angular, 2.42 times as long as wide; anal style tonguelike, big, not extending beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 5 I, G) in lateral view curved dorsally, L-shaped, ventral margin with a dentoid process, directed cephalad; in ventral view bent into a rectangular shape at apex, directed reversely, middle part of inner margins broad suddenly, with an angular process. Aedeagus (Fig. 5 J – M) with a spinose process. Periandrium in ventral margin with a suboblong lamellar process at apical part, nearly basal to the middle part with a wide subquadrilateral process; dorsal margin with a hook-like process near the middle, tapering to apex, directed ventrocephalad; apical part with a slender process, curved ventrally at base, slowly sloping, then curved in a circle from middle part to proximal apex, directed cephalad. Endosoma slightly sclerotized, without process. Female genitalia. Tergite IX (Fig. 6 A, D) moderately sclerotized, without wax plate. Anal segment (Fig. 6 C) rectangular, 1.82 times as long as wide in dorsal view, anal style egg-shaped. Gonapophysis VIII (Fig. 6 E) elongate, curved upwards. Gonapophysis IX (Fig. 6 F) with two middle teeth, denticulation unsharp. Gonoplac (Fig. 6 G) rod-like, 6.32 times as long as wide in lateral view. Posterior vagina pattern as shown in Figure 6 B.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
F91629BF8413518A9FF6B511FC6B69BF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Yunnan Province) (Fig. 1).	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
F91629BF8413518A9FF6B511FC6B69BF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin word “ hamatus ”, referring to the dorsal margin of the periandrium with a hook-like process near the middle.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
7B4FFBFD791D5ED59BE19C13E156E244.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Parandes simplus Muir, 1925, original designation.	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
7B4FFBFD791D5ED59BE19C13E156E244.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. For the diagnosis of Parandes see Wang et al. (2023 b: 112).	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
7B4FFBFD791D5ED59BE19C13E156E244.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China, Indonesia (Fig. 1). Checklist and distributions of species of Parandes Muir, 1925 P. circinatus Wang & Chen, 2023; China (Yunnan Province). P. elongatus Lv & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Yunnan Province). P. fuscus Wang & Chen, 2023; China (Yunnan Province). P. guangxiensis Lv & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). P. hamatus Lv & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Yunnan Province). P. simplus Muir, 1925; Indonesia (West Borneo State).	en	Lv, Sha-Sha, Gong, Nian, Wang, Xiao-Ya, Yang, Lin, Zhang, Yu-Bo, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2025): Three new species of the genus Parandes Muir, 1925 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from China, with an updated checklist and key to species. ZooKeys 1248: 209-223, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1248.159068
