identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
252D66033A7A092632BD9619FE3BFBCC.text	252D66033A7A092632BD9619FE3BFBCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aconitum haridasanii Raghuvar Tiwary, Harsh Singh & D. Adhikari 2020	<div><p>Aconitum haridasanii Raghuvar Tiwary, Harsh Singh &amp; D. Adhikari,  sp. nov. (Fig. 1–4)</p><p>Aconitum haridasanii differs from its closely allied species  Aconitum spicatum in flexuous nature of the stem (vs. straight), upto 2 m height (vs. upto 1 m), pale yellow to white colour of flower (vs. blue), length of inflorescence upto 10 cm (vs. upto 25 cm), 15–17 mm long petals (vs. 10–12 mm long) and 3 carpels (vs. 5 carpels) (TABLE 1).</p><p>TYPE:—   INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh, Tawang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=92.02346&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.723656" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 92.02346/lat 27.723656)">towards Taktsang Chu lake</a>, 27.723656° N; 92.023457° E, 3798 m a.s.l., 20 September 2018, Raghuvar Tiwary, Harsh Singh, Prem Prakash Singh &amp; Dibyendu Adhikari 303752 (holotype LWG ;  isotype LWG).</p><p>Description</p><p>Biennial herb; roots paired, tuberous, fusiform; daughter-tuber conic, 5–6 cm long with fibrous root. Stem 1–2 m high, erect but flexuous above, simple, terete, hairy, hairs appressed and deflexed. Leaves both radical and cauline; radical leaves withered at anthesis, when present petiolate, petiole 5–7 cm long, leaf-blade thinly coriaceous, lamina 4–9 cm x 3–10 cm; cauline leaves petiolate, petiole 4–6 cm long, sheathing with dilated bases, pentagonal, 3–8 cm x 3.4–7.0 cm, 3 deep divisions 3–10 mm from base, central lobe rhombic, dissected twice to thrice, ultimate lobe oblong-triangular, apex acuminate, margin entire, base rounded, lateral lobes obliquely flabellate, unequally 2- parted. Inflorescence paniculate, ca. 10 cm long, (2–) 4–8 flowered, bracts leaflike; 1.5–2.0 mm × 1.5–1.6 mm, ovate, rachis appressed, densely hairy, pedicels 1–4 cm long, with 2 linear or subulate bracteoles nearly at middle, bracteoles linear to lanceolate, apex acuminate. Flowers pale yellow to white; sepals 5, divided into three parts, one upper sepal helmet shaped, 1.6–1.8 cm long, 1.0– 1.1 cm wide, obliquely obovate in profile, not clawed, beaked, pubescent; beak prominent, 1 to 2 mm long, not pointed, terminally directed upward, margin entire, apex acuminate; two lateral sepals, ca. 1.3 × 1.2 cm, obliquely sub-rounded; lower sepal ca. 1.2 × 0.8 cm, elliptic, margin entire. Petals 2, 0.4–0.5 cm long, hispidulous; claws 0.2–0.3 mm long, forward leaning, hood sub-horizontal, gibbous at back; lips short and widened toward base, 2.5 × 3.1 mm, terminally roundish, broad, emarginated and bilobed. Stamens 4–5 mm long, many; filament densely pubescent on the upper part, golden hairs, 5.5–5.8 mm long membranous, anther glabrous or slightly pubescent, 0.9 mm × 1.2 mm, globose. Carpels 3, 6.2 mm × 1.3 mm, ovaries sparsely appressed, pubescent, 3.7 mm long; style 2.5 mm long, stigma persistent. Follicles oblong, 1.5–1.8 cm long.</p><p>Flowering and Fruiting: —Flowering observed from August to September; fruits mature in October.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet ‘haridasanii’ is derived from Dr. Krishnankutty Ezhuthachan Haridasan’s name to honor his immense contribution towards the flora of North-East India.</p><p>Conservation status: —The genus  Aconitum was surveyed extensively in the Eastern Himalayan region and north-east India from 2016 to 2018. The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) for  A. haridasanii was only 0.13 km 2 and Area of Occupancy (AOO) was 0.02 km 2. Two populations were located in the Shuguster lake and Taktsang Chu area at an elevation range of 3678–3798 m. Extreme year to year fluctuation in the number of individuals was recorded during the study period. The habitat of the species is threatened by habitat fragmentation, tourism, road construction and other development activities. The grazers and shepherds also selectively uproot the species from pastures to prevent accidental cattle poisoning and death. The extraction of the species owing to its medicinal importance is another key factor for its population depletion. All these factors have contributed to the very low population size of the species. The number of matured individuals in both populations ranged from 15–20 individuals i.e., &lt;50 individuals (TABLE 2). The new species was categorized (following IUCN 2017 version 13) as Critically Endangered B1b(i,ii,iii,v)c(i,ii,ii i)+2b(i,ii,iii,v)c;C2a(i);D (TABLE 3).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: —   INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh, Tawang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.83373&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.713938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.83373/lat 27.713938)">towards Shuguster lake</a>, 27.713937° N; 91.833731° E, atl. 3678 m a.s.l., 20 September, 2018, Raghuvar Tiwary, Harsh Singh, Prem Prakash Singh &amp; Dibyendu Adhikari 303753  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/252D66033A7A092632BD9619FE3BFBCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwary, Raghuvar;Singh, Harsh;Adhikari, Dibyendu;Singh, Prem Prakash;Barik, Saroj Kanta	Tiwary, Raghuvar, Singh, Harsh, Adhikari, Dibyendu, Singh, Prem Prakash, Barik, Saroj Kanta (2020): Discovery of Aconitum haridasanii (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Phytotaxa 440 (3): 232-238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.5
