taxonID	type	description	language	source
4F96B19AE54A59258576E4AC6F1BA2EF.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
4F96B19AE54A59258576E4AC6F1BA2EF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. ‘ abelmoschi ’ refers to the host plant genus where the fungus was isolated.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
4F96B19AE54A59258576E4AC6F1BA2EF.taxon	description	Description. Fungus causes small, dark brown to black lesions on the okra stems. On the leaves, infection results in angular to irregular-shaped dark brown or black spots that expand into larger areas of necrosis. A yellow halo often surrounds these spots. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervular, semi-immersed, dark brown, bearing conidial masses. Conidiophore hyaline to pale brown, cylindrical or subcylindrical, branched or unbranched, septate, smooth-walled, 11 – 27 × 2 – 4.5 μm (mean = 19 × 3.3 μm, n = 30). Conidiogenous cells cylindrical or doliiform, unbranched, guttulate, 6 – 18 × 2.2 – 4 μm (mean = 11.5 × 3 μm, n = 30). Conidia aseptate, straight, cylindrical, the apex and base rounded or tapering at base, guttulate, 8.6 – 13.7 × 4.2 – 5.8 μm (mean = 12 × 5 μm, n = 40). Appressoria ellipsoidal to obovate, clavate, entire margin, regular shape, or slightly irregular, brown to dark brown 4 – 12 × 5 – 7 μm (mean = 8 × 6 μm, n = 20). Chlamydospores and Setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
4F96B19AE54A59258576E4AC6F1BA2EF.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony, circular shape, dull surface, entire edge, well-defined margin, with medium density. Upper view white to light grey. Reverse primrose, with no diffusing pigment.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
044C302DC094527583959218F07F7627.taxon	description	Fig. 3	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
044C302DC094527583959218F07F7627.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and causes brown leaf spots and anthracnose on the foliage. Sexual morph not observed. Acervulus semi-immersed. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidia hyaline, cylindrical, with rounded apices, 9 – 15 × 3 – 6 µm (mean = 13 × 4.6 μm, n = 40). Appressoria brown to dark brown, clavate, ovoid, and slightly irregular or regular in shape, 8 – 10 × 4 – 8 µm (mean = 8 × 4.5 μm, n = 20). Chlamydospores and Setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
044C302DC094527583959218F07F7627.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 75 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony and circular with a dull surface and well-defined margin with medium density. The upper side is pale olivaceous grey in the center, smoke grey in the middle, and white at the margin. The reverse side shows circles of dull green with a greenish-grey color and a primrose margin.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
7F9182B2310B5F0DBBA32CBE93F2775C.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
7F9182B2310B5F0DBBA32CBE93F2775C.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and causes brown leaf spots on leaves. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervular, forming abundantly on CLA media, producing orange conidial masses. Conidiophores subcylindrical or subcylindrical, septate, hyaline, smooth, branched. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, branched, monoblastic, and 7 – 30 × 1.5 – 3 μm. Conidia straight, guttulate, subcylindrical, hyaline, aseptate, apex rounded and slightly tapering at the base, 12 – 14.5 × 4 – 5.4 μm (mean = 13 × 4.7 μm, n = 40). Appressoria of diverse shape, lobate, brown to dark brown, irregular margin, and 5 – 12.5 × 4 – 10 μm (mean = 8 × 7 μm, n = 20). Chlamydospores and setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
7F9182B2310B5F0DBBA32CBE93F2775C.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, fluffy to cottony; circular shape, entire edge, with fluffy margin and medium density. Upper view white to smoke grey and reverse primrose.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
A2CC8F88F43B50CEA365BF5D0B76151F.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
A2CC8F88F43B50CEA365BF5D0B76151F.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to persimmon (Diospyros ehretioides) and causes brown leaf spots on leaves. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, solitary, superficial or immersed, non-stromatic, globose to pyriform, ostiolate, glabrous. Asci unitunicate, 8 - spored, cylindrical, smooth-walled, broadly truncated at the base. Ascospores uni- or biseriate, aseptate, hyaline, pale brown with age, allantoid to fusiform, rounded ends, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: conidiophores pale brown, smooth-walled, simple or septate, branched, up to 30 μm long. Conidiogenous cells pale brown, smooth-walled, cylindrical, 7 – 19 × 4 – 5.5 μm. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, cylindrical, sometimes slightly clavate on apex, base rounded, 10 – 20 × 4 – 8 μm (mean = 13 × 5 μm, n = 30). Appressoria solitary, dark brown, irregular in outline, undulate to lobate margin, 6 – 8 × 5.5 – 8 μm (mean = 7 × 6.5 μm, n = 20). Chlamydospores and Setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
A2CC8F88F43B50CEA365BF5D0B76151F.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, flat with medium density, entire margin fluffy. The upper view is olivaceous grey in the center and greyish-white in the margin. The reverse is olivaceous in the center with olivaceous and primrose circles.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
AE9ADE2C030C5003AF1E7177F6C8B83C.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
AE9ADE2C030C5003AF1E7177F6C8B83C.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to black pepper (Piper nigrum) and causes brown leaf spots on leaves. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores hyaline, branched, or unbranched. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, cylindrical 7 – 20 × 1 – 2 μm (mean = 14 × 1.5 μm, n = 15). Conidia hyaline, fusiform, obtuse to slightly rounded at the ends, and sometimes oblong, single-celled, smooth-walled, guttulate, 8 – 18.3 × 3 – 5 μm (mean = 15 × 4.3 μm, n = 40). Appressoria frequently form from mycelia in slide cultures, brown, ovoid, sometimes clavate, and turn complex with age, 5 – 10 × 4.5 – 6.5 μm (mean = 8 × 5.5 μm, n = 20). Chlamydospores and Setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
AE9ADE2C030C5003AF1E7177F6C8B83C.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 70 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony, with medium density. The colony’s surface is covered with numerous small acervuli, with orange conidial ooze. The upper view is white to light grey, and the reverse is greyish to pale yellowish.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1CE63D5B0F7A5DDB9B61F668CD207574.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1CE63D5B0F7A5DDB9B61F668CD207574.taxon	description	Description. Associated with brown leaf spot of edible canna (Canna indica). Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervulus, immersed or semi-immersed. Conidiophores formed directly on hyphae, hyaline, septate, and branched, up to 60 μm long. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, hyaline, cylindrical, slightly inflated, 8 – 18 × 2 – 3 μm. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, slightly curved, 13 – 22 × 3.5 – 4 μm (mean = 17 × 3.6 μm, n = 20). Appressoria single or in loose groups, dark brown, irregular in shape, sometimes slightly lobed, smooth-walled 7 – 19 × 5 – 7.5 μm (mean = 13 × 6 μm, n = 30). Chlamydospores and Setae are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1CE63D5B0F7A5DDB9B61F668CD207574.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, circular, with dull surfaces and entire margins. The upper view is cottony with medium density, greyish-white in the center, flat, fluffy, and pinkish-white in other parts. The reverse has dark grey to orange pigmentation in the center and primrose in other parts.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1B07529199B45A5E98C6DB33089DBCCA.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1B07529199B45A5E98C6DB33089DBCCA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. ‘ fistulosi ’ refers to the host plant species from which the fungus was isolated.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1B07529199B45A5E98C6DB33089DBCCA.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to spring onion (Allium fistulosum) and causes basal rot and wilting symptoms on infected plants. Sexual morph not observed. Pycnidia immersed with black neck, slightly elongated. Conidiophores densely aggregated, unbranched, hyaline, subcylindrical, straight to sinuous, 6.5 – 17.5 × 1.5 – 2.5 μm (mean = 13 × 1.5 μm, n = 10). The conidiogenous cells phialidic, terminal, slightly tapering towards the apex. Paraphyses elongate above the conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, septate, unbranched, 10 – 20 × 2 – 2.5 μm (mean = 15 × 2.3 μm, n = 15). Beta conidia filiform, curved at one tip, hyaline, aseptate, rounded at tips, 15 – 25 × 1 – 1.4 μm (23 × 1 μm, n = 40). Alpha and gamma conidia are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
1B07529199B45A5E98C6DB33089DBCCA.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 65 – 70 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, covered with plenteous greyish-white villous aerial mycelium after 7 days. The reverse is slightly reddish-yellow in the center, with black fruiting bodies with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
64DC42E211095308B9A37E7EBAB5E21B.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
64DC42E211095308B9A37E7EBAB5E21B.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and causes fruit rot. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial, superficial to embedded, solitary to aggregated, pyriform or globose with central ostiole, and cream conidial mass, up to 250 μm in diameter. Conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, septate, subcylindrical. Paraphyses intermingled among conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, with clavate terminal cell, 30 – 50 × 0.5 – 1.3 μm (38 × 1 μm, n = 20). Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, ovate to ellipsoidal, granular to guttate, 5.7 – 7.8 × 1.5 – 2.5 μm (6.5 × 2 μm, n = 30). Beta conidia filiform, curved at one tip, hyaline, aseptate, rounded at tips, 15 – 25 × 1 – 2 μm (20 × 1.5 μm, n = 30). Gamma conidia absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
64DC42E211095308B9A37E7EBAB5E21B.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 70 – 80 mm in diameter after seven days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, felted, fluffy margin, pale olivaceous-grey, with an obvious pale brown concentric ring of dense hyphae, and turn into pale brown with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
47BACC892A235C41A9D0F6062A9BBFF2.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
47BACC892A235C41A9D0F6062A9BBFF2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. ‘ melongenicola ’ refers to the host plant species from which the fungus was isolated.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
47BACC892A235C41A9D0F6062A9BBFF2.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to makhuea (Solanum melongena) and causes blight, stem cankers, and fruit rot. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial, superficial to embedded, solitary to aggregated, with single or multiple cavities, globose, with cream conidial mass, up to 200 μm in diameter. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, straight, unbranched, rounded at the tip, and wider at the base, septate, 9 – 20 × 1.2 – 2.9 μm (mean = 13.4 × 1.9 μm, n = 15). Paraphyses intermingled among conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, septate, 9 – 33 × 1.4 – 1.5 μm (mean = 24 × 1.16 μm, n = 15). Beta conidia filiform, curved at one tip, hyaline, aseptate, rounded at tips, 15 – 27 × 1 – 2 μm (mean = 20 × 1.5 μm, n = 30). Alpha and gamma conidia are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
47BACC892A235C41A9D0F6062A9BBFF2.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 70 – 80 mm in diameter after seven days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, fluffy and slightly felted with age, circular in shape, with cottony growth of the aerial mycelium in rings, grey to olivaceous grey, pale brown with age. The reverse is reddish brown, with many black dots.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
06D9BCEB235B533B81DA651C54B11D80.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
06D9BCEB235B533B81DA651C54B11D80.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to makhuea kheun (Solanum xanthocarpum) and causes dark brown to black stem lesions, circular to irregular necrotic leaf spots with dark margins, and water-soaked fruit lesions that enlarge over time. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial, multiloculate, scattered, globose, or asymmetrical, black. Peridium consists of brown cells with angular texture on the surface. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, two-septate, branched, compactly aggregated, cylindrical, straight to sinuous, occasionally reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, subcylindrical, or ampulliform, slightly tapering towards the apex. Beta conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 13 – 23 × 0.8 – 1.4 μm (mean = 19 × 1.3 μm, n = 30). Gamma and alpha conidia are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
06D9BCEB235B533B81DA651C54B11D80.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 35 – 40 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, felted, white clots of mycelium arranged outward, becoming pale yellow with age. The reverse is whitish and ozonate.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9414B57E9A05501FBB15C92009E75748.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9414B57E9A05501FBB15C92009E75748.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and causes brown stem lesion (canker) of the stem. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, scattered, circular, or ovoid in shape, with single, undivided loculus. Ectostromatic disc dark brown, flat, elliptical. Conidiophores hyaline, branched, phialidic, straight or partially curved, narrowing towards the apex, 11.5 – 17 × 1 – 1.6 μm (12.7 × 1.3 μm, n = 20). Conidiogenous cells hyaline, phialidic, straight, or partially curved. Alpha conidia hyaline, aseptate, elliptic, biguttulate, 5 – 9 × 1.3 – 2.7 μm (6.5 × 2.3 μm, n = 40). Beta and gamma conidia are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9414B57E9A05501FBB15C92009E75748.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 50 – 55 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, flat, and white, turning into greyish rose with age. Compact, furcate mycelium is erratically distributed over the agar surface, edge irregular.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8937D984430A53619EB67DE39EF5AE1D.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8937D984430A53619EB67DE39EF5AE1D.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and causes fruit rot. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial, subglobose, flasky, or erratically shaped, with individual or multiple cavities. Conidiophores cylindrical, hyaline, simple, in dense aggregates, 1.5 – 1.8 μm. Conidiogenus cells hyaline, phialidic, cylindrical. Paraphyses hyaline, sub-cylindrical, septate, reaching above conidiophores, straight, flexuous, branched, up to 33 μm in length. Beta conidia aseptate, hyaline, hamate, or curved, with an acutely rounded apex and truncated base, 18 – 32 × 1 – 1.8 µm (mean = 25.5 × 1.3 μm, n = 30). Gamma and alpha conidia not observed.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8937D984430A53619EB67DE39EF5AE1D.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 – 65 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony, white to cream, with lobate margins. The reverse is greenish yellow, with emerging dark pigmentation spots, along with the production of enormous black stromata on PDA.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
62018EADEB9958C7B741C968F7943B66.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
62018EADEB9958C7B741C968F7943B66.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to dragon fruit (Hylocereus trigonus) and causes stem rot. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium unbranched, sympodial, or irregularly branched, comprising terminal or lateral phialides that are frequently reduced to single phialides. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polyphialidic, subulate to subcylindrical, smooth and thin-walled, 5 – 25 × 1.5 – 3.5 μm. Aerial conidia ellipsoidal to falcate, slender, curved dorsoventrally, tap towards both ends, blunt to conical and straight to slightly curved apical cell, with a blunt to papillate basal cell, 0 – 7 septate, 8 – 28.5 × 1.3 – 2.8 µm (mean = 16 × 2 μm, n = 30). Microcyclic conidiogenesis often occurs. Sporodochia and chlamydospores are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
62018EADEB9958C7B741C968F7943B66.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 80 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony, white to buff, floccose, and radiate with moderate aerial mycelium, filiform, and margins irregular, having sparse aerial mycelium and high sporulation on the surface of SNA medium. The reverse is a pale primrose.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
FCFAA96804FC544FA40AE4E47577AB72.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
FCFAA96804FC544FA40AE4E47577AB72.taxon	description	Description. Associated with tuber rot of lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta). Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium unbranched or slightly branched, comprise terminal or intercalar monophialides, frequently reduced to single phialides. Aerial phialides subulate to subcylindrical, smooth, and thin-walled, 6.5 – 18 × 2 – 3.8 µm (Mean = 15 × 2.5 µm, n = 15), with unnoticeable or absent periclinal thickening. Microconidia ellipsoidal to falcate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, 0 - septate, 3.6 – 9 × 2 – 3.4 µm (Mean = 6 × 2.5 µm, n = 30), formed in a small false head on the tips of the phialides on SNA. Sporodochia light orange on carnation leaves. Conidiophores in sporodochia verticillately branched, comprising a short, smooth, and thin-walled stipe, carrying apical whorls of 2 – 3 monophialides or scarcely single lateral monophialides. Sporodochial phialides subulate to subcylindrical, smooth, and thin-walled. Sporodochial conidia falcate, curved dorsiventrally, with almost parallel sides tapering a little towards both ends, with a blunt papillate and curved apical cell. Basal cells are blunt to foot-like, 1 – 5 septate, hyaline, smooth, and thin-walled; 1 - septate conidia 18 – 23 × 3 – 4 µm (mean = 20 × 3 µm, n = 20); 2 - septate conidia 15 – 22 × 3 – 4 µm (mean = 18 × 3 µm, n = 20); 3 - septate conidia 25 – 37 × 3 – 5 µm (mean = 31 × 4 µm, n = 20); 5 - septate conidia 33 – 41 × 4 – 5 µm (mean = 35 × 5 µm, n = 20). Chlamydospores globose to subglobose, formed terminally, 7 – 8 µm in diameter.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
FCFAA96804FC544FA40AE4E47577AB72.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 80 – 85 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, white to pale vinaceous, floccose with plentiful aerial mycelium. The margins of colonies are irregular, serrate, or filiform. The reverse is pale rosy.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
5D72D9A8A6A85D9AA9B527F53DBC389A.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
5D72D9A8A6A85D9AA9B527F53DBC389A.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to spring onion (Allium fistulosum) and causes yellowing, curling, and wilting of leaves, often accompanied by basal rot and reddish-brown discoloration of the roots and bulb plate. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium unbranched or slightly branched, comprise terminal or intercalary monophialides, often reduced to single phialides. Aerial phialides, subulate to subcylindrical, smooth, thin-walled, 9 – 23 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm, with unnoticeable or absent periclinal thickening. Aerial conidia formed in small false heads on the tips of the phialides, 0 – 1 - septate 0 - septate conidia: 5 – 9 × 2 – 4 μm (mean = 8 × 3 μm, n = 20), 1 - septate conidia: 9 – 14 × 2 – 4 μm (mean = 12 × 3 μm, n = 20). Macroconidia falcate, curved dorsoventrally, with apical cell blunt to papillate, curved, basal cell blunt to foot-like, hyaline, smooth, and thin-walled, 3 – 5 - septate: 3 - septate conidia: 31 – 41 × 3.5 – 4 μm (mean = 35 × 4 μm, n = 20), 4 - septate conidia: 35 – 45 × 3 – 5 μm (mean = 38 × 4 μm, n = 20), 5 - septate conidia: 42 – 55 × 3 – 4 μm (mean = 50 × 4 μm, n = 20). Sporodochia and chlamydospores were not observed.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
5D72D9A8A6A85D9AA9B527F53DBC389A.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 65 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, white to pale vinaceous, with abundant aerial mycelium and filiform margins. Reverse is pale vinaceous.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9F4717E22E48563FB562B9ED0E9E65B4.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9F4717E22E48563FB562B9ED0E9E65B4.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and causes small, water-soaked lesions on the fruit surface; lesions may appear slightly sunken and surrounded by a yellow or brown halo. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium plentiful, septate, verticillately or irregularly branched. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polyphialidic, sub-cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled, 8 – 20 × 1.5 – 4 µm (mean = 14 × 3 μm, n = 20). Conidia on aerial mycelium falcate or fusiform, 1 – 5 septate: 1 - septate conidia 8.5 – 20 × 2.2 – 4.7 µm (mean = 13.5 × 3.5 μm, n = 30), 5 - septate conidia 32 – 42 × 2.5 – 4.5 µm (mean = 35 × 4.1 μm, n = 30). Sporodochia are formed on CLA after 7 days and have a pale orange color. Macroconidia in sporodochia falcate, with apical cells gently curved, papillate, and basal cells slightly curved, foot-shaped, 3 – 7 septate, 30 – 40.5 × 2.5 – 4 µm (mean = 33 × 3.6 μm, n = 30). Chlamydospores are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
9F4717E22E48563FB562B9ED0E9E65B4.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 65 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony, white to pale pink, yellow, or pale brown in the center, and with a radial orange color on the reverse.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
07B14C6AA0F559FCA2721641F6F7E7F7.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
07B14C6AA0F559FCA2721641F6F7E7F7.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to durian (Durio zibethinus) and pepper (Capsicum annuum), and causes small, water-soaked lesions on leaves and stems that enlarge into necrotic spots with dark margins, potentially leading to defoliation and stem girdling under favorable, humid conditions. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium septate, irregular, verticillately branched. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polyphialidic, subulate or subcylindrical, smooth and thin-walled, 7 – 24 × 2 – 4 µm (mean = 13 × 3 µm, n = 15). Conidia on aerial mycelium, ellipsoidal to falcate, smooth and thin-walled, 1 – 3 septate, 7 – 27 × 2 – 4 µm (mean = 33 × 3 µm, n = 30). Sporodochia are formed plentifully on CLA after 7 days and have a pale orange color. Conidia on sporodochia falcate, produced by both mono- and polyphialides, apical cells conical to papillate, basal cells indistinct or foot-shaped, 3 – 5 - septate, 26 – 38 × 2 – 3.7 µm (mean = 33 × 3 µm, n = 30). Chlamydospores are absent.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
07B14C6AA0F559FCA2721641F6F7E7F7.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 50 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C in the dark, cottony and rosy buff in the center, becoming white towards the margin, with moderate aerial mycelium, and appearing wet with age. The reverse is rosy buff, becoming white towards the margins.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
185522EE940B57A8A014E27D98ABBCD8.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
185522EE940B57A8A014E27D98ABBCD8.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and associated with dry leaf spots of lemon drop mangosteen (Garcinia intermedia). Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial on PDA, globose to clavate, solitary or aggregated in clusters, semi-immersed, black; with dark brown conidial masses. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to lageniform, 5 – 15 × 2 – 6 μm. Conidia straight to slightly curved, ellipsoid, 4 - septate, 18.5 – 25.5 × 5 – 7.5 μm (mean = 22 × 6 μm, n = 30); basal cell conic, thin-walled, 3 – 7 μm long; three median cells doliiform, pale to dark brown, septa darker than the rest of the cell, 11 – 16 μm long (second cell from base pale brown, 3.5 – 6.5 μm long; third cell dark brown, 3.5 – 8 μm long; fourth cell brown, 3.5 – 7 μm long); apical cell hyaline, subcylindrical, 3 – 5 μm long; with 2 – 3 tubular apical appendages, unbranched, 15 – 33 μm long (mean = 23); basal appendage centric, single, unbranched, tubular, 4 – 7.5 μm long (mean = 5).	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
185522EE940B57A8A014E27D98ABBCD8.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 30 – 40 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, cottony, with moderate aerial mycelium on the surface, edge undulate. The upper view is whitish with a black fruiting body. The reverse is yellow to pale honey-colored, with black, gregarious conidiomata.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
249134F358695EF5AE6E3EBDE1D68496.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
249134F358695EF5AE6E3EBDE1D68496.taxon	etymology	Etymology. ‘ theobromicola ’ refers to the host plant genus from which the fungus was isolated.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
249134F358695EF5AE6E3EBDE1D68496.taxon	description	Description. Associated with leaf spots of cacao (Theobroma cacao). Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervularon on PDA, aggregated and scattered, immersed and semi-immersed in agar medium, exuding black conidial mass. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline to pale brown, subcylindrical to ampuliform, 3 – 7 × 2 – 5 μm. Conidia clavate or fusiform, straight or slightly curved, yellow-brown to brown, 4 septate, 20 – 30 × 5 – 7.5 μm (mean = 26 × 6.5 μm, n = 30). Basal cell hyaline, conoid, with truncate base, 3.5 – 8 μm long; median cells, versicolored, darker than other cells, 14 – 19 μm long (mean = 17 μm, n = 30) (second cell from the base yellow-brown, 4 – 6.8 μm long; third cell from the base medium brown, 4.6 – 7 μm long; fourth cell from the base pale to medium brown, 4 – 7 μm long); apical cell hyaline, conic, 3 – 6 μm with 2 – 3 tubular apical appendages, hyaline, filiform, unbranched, and 15 – 29 μm long (mean = 22.5 μm, n = 30); basal appendage tubular, unbranched, solitary, hyaline, and 2 – 5.5 μm long.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
249134F358695EF5AE6E3EBDE1D68496.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 65 – 70 mm in diameter after seven days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, white with moderate aerial mycelium, shape irregular, edge undulated, margin fluffy, with black conidial mass. The upper view is white, reverse honey-colored with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
19589A0D25845EB7BFF35705A2AF9CB4.taxon	description	Fig. 32	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
19589A0D25845EB7BFF35705A2AF9CB4.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to sapodilla sapote (Manilkara zapota) and causes circular to irregular brown lesions on leaves. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervular on PDA, solitary or aggregated, semi-immersed in agar medium, containing a dark mass of conidia. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform to lageniform, hyaline, 3 – 15 × 2 – 5 μm. Conidia fusiform or spindle-shaped, straight to slightly curved, 4 - septate, 15 – 29 × 4 – 6.5 μm (mean = 22.4 × 5.3 μm, n = 30); basal cell conical, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 3 – 5.6 μm long; the three middle cells brown to dark brown, with septa that are darker than the other cells, and 9 – 19 μm long (mean = 13.5 μm, n = 30). The second cell from the base 4 – 6.8 μm long; the third cell from the base 3.8 – 7.8 μm long; the fourth cell from the base 3.5 – 5.8 μm long; the apical cell conical, hyaline, thin-walled, 2.7 – 5 μm long, with 2 – 3 apical appendages (mostly 2), tubular, hyaline, unbranched, and 12.8 – 26 μm long. Basal appendage filiform, hyaline, unbranched, singular, and 3 – 9 μm long.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
19589A0D25845EB7BFF35705A2AF9CB4.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 40 – 50 mm in diameter after seven days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, cottony, shape regular, circular. The upper view is white, and the reverse has yellow pigmentation, with black fruiting body clusters arising with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
91BAA47F8C715C19BC2A58DFACAC7106.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
91BAA47F8C715C19BC2A58DFACAC7106.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), causes dark, sunken lesions on the fruit surface, often starting near wounds or natural openings. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervular on PDA, solitary or aggregated, immersed or semi-immersed in agar medium, containing dark mass of conidia. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform to lageniform, and hyaline, 3 – 8 × 2 – 5 μm. Conidia fusiform, 4 - septate, straight or slightly curved, 17 – 26 × 3.5 – 6.7 μm (mean = 21 × 5 μm, n = 40); basal cell conic, hyaline, 3 – 5.4 μm long; three median cells 12 – 18 μm long, brown to dark brown, septa darker than the rest of the cell; second cell from base brown, 3.5 – 6 μm long; third cell dark brown, 3 – 6 μm long; fourth cell darker, 2.7 – 6.5 μm long; apical cell 2.7 – 5.4 μm long, conic, hyaline, smooth-walled, with 2 – 3 (mostly 3) tubular apical appendages, 5.5 – 20 μm long. Basal appendage single, unbranched, tubular, centric, 3.9 – 8 μm long.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
91BAA47F8C715C19BC2A58DFACAC7106.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 40 – 50 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, cottony, with an irregular shape, edge undulate, aerial mycelium on the surface. Upper view white and the reverse primrose. Yellow pigment and black fruiting bodies appear with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8CDC850574D4597CAA2097DE4DBEBCEF.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8CDC850574D4597CAA2097DE4DBEBCEF.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to guava (Psidium guajava), and causes small brown leaf spots. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata acervular on PDA, solitary or aggregated, immersed or semi-immersed in agar medium containing the dark mass of conidia. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform to lageniform, hyaline, 3 – 8 × 2 – 4 μm. Conidia, olivaceous to yellow-brown, fusiform, straight or slightly curved, 4 - septate, 21 – 29 × 4.5 – 6.5 μm (mean = 26 × 5.7 μm, n = 40); basal cell conic, hyaline, 4 – 7.3 μm long; three median cells 13 – 20.5 μm long, olivaceous to yellow-brown, septa darker than the rest of the cell; second cell from base yellow-brown, 4.5 – 9 μm long; third cell olivaceous, 4 – 7 μm long; fourth cell darker, 3 – 7 μm long; apical cell 4 – 5.5 μm long, conic, hyaline, smooth-walled, with 2 – 3 (mostly 2) tubular apical appendages, 3.5 – 18 μm long. Basal appendage single, unbranched, tubular, centric, 4 – 8 μm long.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
8CDC850574D4597CAA2097DE4DBEBCEF.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 60 – 70 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, white, edge undulate, with aerial mycelium on the surface, and black fruiting bodies. The reversing turn pale luteous with age.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
6917E7ACCE375599812529EA9EB04784.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
6917E7ACCE375599812529EA9EB04784.taxon	description	Description. Pathogenic to persimmon (Diospyros ehretioides) and causes dark brown leaf spots. Sexual morph not observed. Conidiomata pycnidial on PDA, scattered, aggregated, immersed, or semi-immersed, with black conidial mass. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to lageniform, 4 – 15 × 3 – 5 μm. Conidia medium to dark brown, fusiform to ellipsoidal, straight or curved, 4 - septate, 20 – 30 × 5 – 8 μm (mean = 22 × 6 μm, n = 30); basal cell conical, 2 – 4 μm long (mean = 3 μm), hyaline, smooth, thin-walled; basal appendage filiform, unbranched, centric, 2 – 4 μm long; three median cells doliiform, 11 – 17.5 μm (mean = 16 μm), smooth, septa darker than the rest of the cell (second cell from basal cell olivaceous to brown, 3.5 – 7 μm long (mean = 5.5 μm); third cell brown to dark brown, 3.5 – 7 μm long (mean = 5.3 μm); fourth cell medium brown, 4 – 7 μm long (mean = 5.5 μm )); apical cell conical to subcylindrical, 2 – 5 μm long (mean = 3 μm), hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, with 2 – 3 tubular apical appendages (mostly 2), unbranched, filiform, 6 – 21.5 μm long (mean = 12 μm). Basal appendage single, unbranched, tubular, centric, 2 – 8 μm long.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
6917E7ACCE375599812529EA9EB04784.taxon	description	Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reach 55 – 65 mm in diameter after 7 days of growth at 25 ° C under 12 h daylight, cottony, with abundant white aerial mycelium. Upper view white and the reverse primrose. Yellow pigment and black fruiting bodies appear with age on the agar medium.	en	Fallahi, Maryam, Armand, Alireza, Al-Otibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. (2025): Pathogenic fungi (Sordariomycetes) associated with annual and perennial crops in Northern Thailand. MycoKeys 117: 191-265, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.117.137112
