identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
280C1F5CFFC8767A09C6FBF34B54E425.text	280C1F5CFFC8767A09C6FBF34B54E425.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chromolaena medullosa (, B. Ferlay 2025) , B. Ferlay 2025	<div><p>Chromolaena medullosa (Urb.) B.Ferlay, comb. nov.</p><p>Basionym:— Eupatorium medullosum Urban (1903: 393) .</p><p>Type: — MARTINIQUE. Duss 295b, 295c (holotype B †). MARTINIQUE. Piton Dumauzé, tropical humid montane scrubland, 14°41’35.5488’’N, 61°6’4.158’’W, 909 m, 16 June 2024, B. Ferlay 3100 (neotype MTK 006994!, designated here) (Figs. 1 &amp; 2).</p><p>Description:— Shrub 0.6–1 m tall. Stems thick, terete, slightly striate, medullary, pubescent, multicellular whitish hairs, becoming glabrescent with age, bearing sessile resinous glands. Leaves opposite, oval to narrowly oval, more or less rugose, chartaceous-coriaceous to coriaceous, 3.5–5 cm long × 2–3.5 cm wide, with a rounded to broadly and shortly cuneate, obtuse base, obtuse to rounded apex, crenate to dentate margins except at the base. Blade with numerous cavities containing sessile resinous glands on the abaxial surface, more scattered on the adaxial surface, hairs mostly along veins and veinlets on the abaxial surface, rarer on the adaxial surface, all multicellular. Petioles thick, 2–3 mm in diameter, 2–4 mm long, densely pubescent with multicellular hairs. Pinnate venation, with two closely spaced basal pairs of veins, veins prominent on abaxial surface, impressed on adaxial surface. Terminal inflorescences in a compact corymb, more or less globose, 2–3 cm long × 3–7 cm wide. Capitula on pedicels 0–9 mm long, more or less pubescent with multicellular hairs, 7–8(–9) mm long × 3–4 cm wide, with approximately 25 florets. Capitulum scales densely imbricate, about 45 in number, arranged in 6–7 series; outer scales semi-ovate, 1–1.5 mm long; intermediate scales orbicular to oval, 1.5–2 mm long; innermost (internal) scales elliptical to oblong-linear, 4–5 mm long × 0.8–1.5 mm wide, all with obtuse to rounded apices, ciliate to fimbriate margins, sometimes bearing a few resinous glands on the upper part. Achenes 2.1–3.0(–3.5) mm long, excluding the pappus, with 3–4 sabre-shaped cartilaginous ribs, bearing 25–45 uniseriate pappus at the apex arranged in a disk, 2.4–2.9 mm long.</p><p>Phenology: —This species flowers from the middle to the end of the dry season, e.g. March to June (Ferlay 1264, 3100; pers. obs.). The fruiting period overlaps with the flowering period.</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — MARTINIQUE. Pitons du Carbet, February 1865, Hahn 797 (P02410730); Pitons du Carbet, 25 August 1936, Privault 278 (P02410734); Morne Piquet, 23 April 1994, Sastre &amp; Le Hir 9327 (P02839561) ; Morne Macouba, 24 January 2007, Sastre &amp; Nicolas 10170 (P04453696) ; Montagne Pelée, 01 March 2020, B. Ferlay 414 (MTK002975) ; Piton de l’Alma, 29 May 2021, B. Ferlay 1264 (MTK003946, P00942003) .</p><p>Distribution and habitats: — Chromolaena medullosa is endemic to Martinique, occurring in the mountainous areas at elevations above 900 m, primarily in the montane scrublands of Pitons du Carbet, and is more localized at Montagne Pelée (Fig. 3). It is found with the low herbaceous or semi-woody species as Parablechnum ryanii (Kaulf.) Gasper &amp; Salino in Gasper et al. (2016: 217, Blechnaceae), Besleria lanceolata Urban (1901: 351, Gesneriaceae), Ischaemum latifolium (Spreng.) Kunth (1829: 168, Poaceae), Machaerina restioides (Sw.) Vahl (1805: 238, Cyperaceae) or Chaetogastra chamaecistus Sieber ex Grisebach (1860: 267, Melastomataceae).</p><p>Conservation status: —Using the GeoCAT application, the species is classified as CR according to EOO and EN according to AOO. Chromolaena medullosa occurs in a limited number of localities, fewer than 10, with one locality being highly isolated from the others (Montagne Pelée). However, the number of individuals does not appear to be declining and is estimated between 250 and 2,500 mature individuals. Moreover, its habitat is not threatened, neither by destruction nor by alien species (all individuals are located within a protected area). Depending on the locality, slight fluctuations in individual abundance can be observed, potentially explained by its presence on steep slopes, which are prone to landslides. Its low representation on Montagne Pelée may be due to past volcanic eruptions of this massif, which likely impacted the populations. The species might be threatened by climate change in the future, but currently, there is no evidence of global changes impacting montane species in the Lesser Antilles. Considering the stated information, C. medullosa can be classified as EN B2ac(iii).</p><p>Note: —Specimen from the mountainous massifs of Martinique have been identified as Eupatorium medullosum (Belanger 521 [P02410728, P02410735], Hahn 170 [P02410726, P02410729, P02410737], Joseph Ewan 17091 [NO0012293], Plée 773 [P02410727], Sastre 6560 [P02839560], Sastre 6852 [P0239552], Sastre 9761 [P02839558], Stehlé 1004 [P02410731], Stehlé 1014 [P02410724], Stehlé 2394 [P02410733], Stehlé 8187 [P02410732]), are actually Chromolaena trigonocarpa . Although C. trigonocarpa is more localized in montane thickets, it can sometimes be found at lower elevations in montane scrublands (alongside C. medullosa). In the latter, individuals are often more stunted, with smaller leaves and smaller inflorescences than those found in more shaded habitats. Nevertheless, leaf shape remains constant (acute apex), allowing it to be easily distinguished from C. medullosa (broadly obtuse to rounded apex).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/280C1F5CFFC8767A09C6FBF34B54E425	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ferlay, Benjamin	Ferlay, Benjamin (2025): Neotypification and new combination for an endemic species of Martinique (Lesser Antilles) in the genus Chromolaena (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae). Phytotaxa 698 (1): 51-57, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6
280C1F5CFFCD767B09C6F8934B69E7A9.text	280C1F5CFFCD767B09C6F8934B69E7A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chromolaena (King & Robinson 1970)	<div><p>Chromolaena in Martinique</p><p>Currently, five species of Chromolaena are reported for Martinique. C. trigonocarpa and C. medullosa are present in montane areas, while C. odorata (L.) R.M.King &amp; H.Robinson (1970: 204) is a rather common scrambling shrub in xeromesophilic disturbed environments (Hahn 171 [L.3033279], Keil 16532 [OBI135926], B. Ferlay 1215 [P00942110, MTK003897], B. Ferlay 2256 [MTK006138]). However, the presence of Chromolaena corymbosa (Aubl.) R.M.King &amp; H.Robinson (1970: 200) and Chromolaena ivifolia (L.) R.M.King &amp; H.Robinson (1970: 202) are doubtful.</p><p>Chromolaena ivifolia was recorded in Guadeloupe (Duss 28, NY1629282). In the Flore Phanérogamique (Duss 1897), it is specified that the species is not present in Martinique. Nevertheless, Howard (1989) and Fournet (2002) mentioned it for Martinique, adding “location to be specified”. My searches for specimens in the Herbaria have enabled to discover of a single specimen from Duss (Duss 4072 [US 00877308], image available at http://n 2t.net/ark:/65665/ 39be84beb-a15c-492d-9cd8-f70919c7d030), collected in Martinique, in the heights of Fond Layette (Bellefontaine), which is said to be rare. Since then, no further specimen was recorded, and the species might be extinct.</p><p>One putative specimen of C. corymbosa from Martinique was collected by Hahn (Hahn 397 [L.3692055], image available at https://medialib.naturalis.nl/file/id/L.3692055/format/large), and first identified as Eupatorium atriplicifolium Lamarck (1786: 407), which is now a synonym of Chromolaena corymbosa . However, a close examination of this specimen shows that the leaf base is not distinctly truncate as in C. corymbosa, but slightly cuneate, or with a portion of the blade slightly decurrent along the upper part of the petioles. Also, the leaf apex is acute. It is clear that this specimen belongs to C. trigonocarpa . Fournet (2002) expressed doubts about its presence, when he wrote ‘Ecology and location to be specified.’ Therefore, Chromolaena corymbosa has been incorrectly reported for Martinique.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/280C1F5CFFCD767B09C6F8934B69E7A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ferlay, Benjamin	Ferlay, Benjamin (2025): Neotypification and new combination for an endemic species of Martinique (Lesser Antilles) in the genus Chromolaena (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae). Phytotaxa 698 (1): 51-57, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6
280C1F5CFFCC767B09C6FD3B4FCEE6F8.text	280C1F5CFFCC767B09C6FD3B4FCEE6F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chromolaena (King & Robinson 1970)	<div><p>Key to the species of Chromolaena in Martinique</p><p>1. Leaves linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, up to 3 cm wide ....................................................... C. ivifolia</p><p>- Leaves rounded, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, with a rounded or truncate and decurrent base, and an acute to obtuse apex, larger than 3 cm wide (rarely 2 cm in C. medullosa in very stunted individuals)................................................................................................2</p><p>2. Leaves not exceeding 6 cm long; leaf base and apex rounded........................................................................................ C. medullosa</p><p>- Leaves generally exceeding 6 cm; leaf base truncated, slightly rounded, cuneate or decurrent along the petiole, apex acute, never distinctly rounded ...............................................................................................................................................................................3</p><p>3. Leaves glabrous, venation pinnate; shrub or bush of the hygrophilous series ........................................................ C. trigonocarpum</p><p>- Pubescent leaves, venation palmate with 3 basal veins; herb or climbing shrub in ruderal habitats ................................. C. odorata</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/280C1F5CFFCC767B09C6FD3B4FCEE6F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ferlay, Benjamin	Ferlay, Benjamin (2025): Neotypification and new combination for an endemic species of Martinique (Lesser Antilles) in the genus Chromolaena (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae). Phytotaxa 698 (1): 51-57, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.698.1.6
