identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
396887EB951C373F7E0EFB388E4DCE75.text	396887EB951C373F7E0EFB388E4DCE75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyraustinae Meyrick 1890	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890</p>
            <p>Euclastini Popescu-Gorj &amp; Constantinescu, 1977</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/396887EB951C373F7E0EFB388E4DCE75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Maes, Koen V. N.	Maes, Koen V. N. (2023): Studies on Crambidae III: New genus of Pyraustinae for the Afrotropical region. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae). Metamorphosis 34 (1): 113-116, DOI: 10.4314/met.v34i1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.10
396887EB951C373D7E0EFA848BEFCD9F.text	396887EB951C373D7E0EFA848BEFCD9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afreuclasta Maes 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Afreuclasta gen. nov.</p>
            <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C12F7287-28C1-4FED-8230-C4D32EA79F6D</p>
            <p> type species:  Afreuclasta ruwenzoriensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>gender: feminine</p>
            <p> Diagnosis: Wings elongated triangular; valva in male genitalia with simple lobe-shaped sella covered by numerous flattened and elongated setae. The genus is different from  Euclasta Lederer,1855 by the brown uniform wing pattern and in the male genitalia by the structure of the sella with setae which are lacking in true  Euclasta species. It also lacks the extensions of the vinculum as seen on  Euclasta species.</p>
            <p>Head: frons slightly protruding, flattened; maxillary palps obvious; labial palps porrect, densely scaled; spurs on legs: 0,2,4, inner spurs on mid- and hind legs 1/3 longer than outer spurs; antenna long, arriving at termen of fore wing.</p>
            <p>Wings:</p>
            <p>Fore wings: elongate triangular; R1 well before R2, about parallel with base of Cu2; R2 and R3+4 from cell angle, well separated at their base, then parallel for about 1/3 of the length of R3+4; R2 and R3 before termen; R 4 in termen; R5 close to R4+5; M1 near the middle of the crossvein of the discal cell, at the base approximating to R5; M2 and M3 from angle of cell, well separated at their base; Cu1 near angle and Cu2 at about 4/5 on the M-stem.</p>
            <p>Hind wings: Sc+R1 approximating Rs beyond the cell, not fused; M1 and M2 from one point out of hind corner of cell. ♂ with subcostal retinaculum and simple frenulum; ♀ with some bristles as retinaculum and a double frenulum.</p>
            <p>Tympanal organs (Fig. 1): Praecinctorium simple, giving a bilobed aspect through scaling; tympanal organs completely invaginated; narrow fornix tympani underneath the venula prima; venula secunda well developed; beanshaped bulla tympani parallel to body axis; saccus tympani deep; spinula absent.</p>
            <p>Male genitalia (Figs 2–4): Uncus simple, rounded, dorsally with short simple and tune-fork shaped setae; tegumen rather long; subscaphium present; vinculum broad, U-shaped, saccus small but present; juxta shaped as a shield; valva slightly curved upwards, flattened at the end; sella consisting of a dense bush flattened and elongated setae, editum absent; aedeagus with a simple cornutus composed of fused spines.</p>
            <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 5): Papillae anales membranous with long and short setae; apophyses anteriores and posteriores of about equal length; sinus vaginalis membranous; ostium bursae tube-like, slerotized; ductus bursae continuing straight from the ostium, starting at ductus seminalis, first part slightly sclerotized; appendix bursae, membranous, it’s base in a loop of the ductus bursae near the corpus bursae; the latter with a rhomboid signum.</p>
            <p>Life cycle: unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution: Uganda, D.R.C., Kenya, and Tanzania.</p>
            <p> Systematic placement: The genus is placed in the  Pyraustinae ,  Pyraustini (  Crambidae , Euclastini) for the combination of following characters: sella in male genitalia and rhomboid signum on bursae in female genitalia. It is close to the genus  Euclasta for the shape of the labial palps, the presence of the sella and form of uncus in the male genitalia. In the female genitalia it has the ductus bursae curled around the base of the appendix bursae at the base of the corpus bursae. It differs with the genus  Euclasta because of the differences in the wing pattern:  Euclasta species have a white streak medially over the length of the forewing; the male genitalia lack a sella and editum (some specialised area can be present f. i.:  E. warreni and they have a rather clear extension of the ventral part of the vinculum (check the paper of Popescu-Gorj to compare </p>
            <p>Maes / Metamorphosis 34: 113–116 115</p>
            <p>
                  Kyondolire 1700m. GPKM ♀ 14061 (RMCA)  ;   1♀: [D.R.C.] N. Lac Kivu:  Rwankwi , ii.1941 Mme.J.V.Leroy (RMCA)  ;   1♂: [D.R.C.] Congo belge: P.N.A. 19.x.1952 P.Vanschuytbroeck &amp; J.Kekenbosch 1327, Massif Ruwenzori Kyandolire 1700m  Camp des Gardes à la lumière (RMCA)(abdomen lost)  ;   1♀: TANZANIA, Arusha,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.47972/lat -3.208889)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.47972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.208889">Ngorongoro Crater Rim.</a>
                 03°12′32″ S; 35°28′47″E. 2267m. Black /MV lights. 28.iv.2000. K. Maes (ABSRC)  . 
            </p>
            <p> Additional material examined:  UGANDA: 1♂: Impenetrable For. Kigezi Uganda Mar.1967 R.C. Otieno (NHM) ;   KENYA: 1♂:  Kaptagat 22.x.1948 Walker (NMK)  ;   KENYA: 1 ♀:  Kaptagat March 1948 (abdomen lost) (NMK)  . </p>
            <p> the male genitalia).  Afreuclasta has a clear brush like sella with elongated, simple setae and no extension of the vinculum. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/396887EB951C373D7E0EFA848BEFCD9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Maes, Koen V. N.	Maes, Koen V. N. (2023): Studies on Crambidae III: New genus of Pyraustinae for the Afrotropical region. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae). Metamorphosis 34 (1): 113-116, DOI: 10.4314/met.v34i1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.10
396887EB951E373D7DB5F92888B9C36D.text	396887EB951E373D7DB5F92888B9C36D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afreuclasta ruwenzoriensis Maes 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Afreuclasta ruwenzoriensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2F995D3D-F040-4B7E-9A82-A163D8D30529</p>
            <p>Type material examined:</p>
            <p>
                  Holotype ♂ (Fig. 6): KENYA  Rift valley Prov., Turi 2000ft. n 14.xii.1998 D.J.L.Agassiz; K. Maes gen.prep.nr. ♂ 1559: ABSRC1003507 (ABSRC)  ;   Paratypes: 1♀ (Fig, 7): KENYA  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.309723/lat -0.38083333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.309723&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.38083333">Central</a>
                 , Castle Forest Lodge 2050m 0°22′51″S; 37°18′35″E 24.x.2013 Agassiz, Beavan Heckford &amp; Larsen; K. Maes Gen. prep.nr  .  ♀ 1558; ABSRC1003508 (ABSRC) ;   1♀: [D.R.C.] Congo belge:  Parc National Albert , 19.x.1952 Massif Ruwenzori 
            </p>
            <p>Description:</p>
            <p>External characters: as for the genus. Fore wing: ground colour light brown, suffused with black scales; antemedian and postmedian line, when visible, strongly irrogated; traces of these lines on the hindwing in dark specimens.</p>
            <p>Internal characters: as for the genus.</p>
            <p>Life cycle: unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution: Uganda, D.R.C, Kenya, and Tanzania. The genus and the species seem to be restricted to the higher altitude forest found on different mountains in East- and the eastern part of Central Africa.</p>
            <p>Etymology: The name refers to the main highlands in Eastern Africa going from Kenya to the Ruwenzori range in D.R.C.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/396887EB951E373D7DB5F92888B9C36D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Maes, Koen V. N.	Maes, Koen V. N. (2023): Studies on Crambidae III: New genus of Pyraustinae for the Afrotropical region. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae). Metamorphosis 34 (1): 113-116, DOI: 10.4314/met.v34i1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.10
