identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
397187D2FF882342FC122B9080444A2D.text	397187D2FF882342FC122B9080444A2D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaemonella tenuipes Dana 1852	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852</p>
            <p>(Figs. 1–3)</p>
            <p> Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852: 25 . — Bruce, 2002a: 288. — Komai and Yamada, 2015: 360. </p>
            <p> Palaemonella tridentata Borradaile, 1898: 1007 , pl. 64, figs. 8a–c </p>
            <p> Palaemonella elegans Borradaile, 1915: 210 . </p>
            <p> Material examined.   NBFGR /PALPTEN.01 (1 ovigerous female, CL: 2.5 mm, ID no: NBFGR: DBTLD20)  Arabian Sea , off  Agatti Islands , Lakshadweep, India (10°83’4”N 72°18’ 25”E); 5 females (CL: 2.5–2.7 mm, ID no: NBFGR: DBTLD81, 81 A, NBFGR: DBTLD206, 206 A, 206B), Arabian Sea, off Agatti Islands, Lakshadweep, India (10°83’5”N 72°18’33”E), 0.5–1 m depth, temperature 28.1 o C, salinity 35 ppt, March 2020  . </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Body glabrous, small; rostrum usually straight, slightly extended beyond distal end of third antennular peduncle, distal end directed slightly upward, dorsally armed with 7 strong teeth including 1 epigastric tooth; epigastric tooth situated on carapace behind orbital angle; rostrum ventrally armed with 2 teeth, situated at level of fourth and fifth dorsal teeth. Carapace smooth, without supraorbital spine; hepatic spine appears directed slightly upward; inferior orbital angle extended like triangle; antennal spine well developed, reaching near to the middle of eyestalk; pterygostomial region rounded.Antennal scaphocerite broad, with distolateral tooth overreaching level of distal margin of lamella (Fig. 2A). Abdominal tergites smooth, third one extending over fourth tergite dorsoposteriorly; posteroventral angle of fourth and fifth pleura extended like triangular lobe, sixth pleura with posteroventral, posterolateral teeth. Telson about 1.5 times as long as sixth abdominal segment length, bearing 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines, and 3 pairs of posterior telson spines (Fig. 2H), lateral spine similar to dorsolateral spines, intermediate spine slender, long, submedian pair extended to middle of intermediate one. Mandible with small 2-segmented palp (Fig. 2B). Third maxilliped reaching almost to distal end of third antennular peduncle; exopod slightly thick, reaching distal end of antepenultimate segment; penultimate segment about0.8times as long as antepenultimate, 1.3 times longer than ultimate segment. First pereiopod thin, overreaching distal end of antennal scaphocerite by length of carpus and chela; merus equal to carpus; carpus about 2.0 times as long as palm, 1.3 times as long as chela (Fig. 2C), few long sensory setae present distoventrally; fingers about 0.95 times as long as palm, inner margin smooth, distally armed with tooth (Fig. 2D). Second pereiopod slightly asymmetrical, extending beyond distal end of scaphocerite by halflength of carpus; merus bearing strong distoventral tooth, about 1.06 times as long as carpus; carpus about 3.5 times as long as distal width, 0.7 times palm length, with sub-terminal spine distally; palm about 3.8 times as long as maximum width, 1.75 times longer than fingers; fingers with two small teeth in proximal region (Figs. 2E, F). Pereiopods III– V slender and extending beyond the distal end of scaphocerite; merus about 1.7–1.8 times as long as carpus; carpus about 0.5 times propodal length; propodus long, with 3–4 spines, and long distal pair ventrally, about 3.6–4.0 times as long as dactylus; dactylus simple, curved slightly, with few long setae present dorsally and ventrally, about 4.5–5.0 times proximal width (Fig. 2G).</p>
            <p> Ecological information.   The specimens were found in shallow barren pools on rocky flats near the shore of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, at the depth of 0.5–1 m. </p>
            <p>Coloration in life. Carapace, abdomen, and appendages are transparent. All of the pereiopods and pleopods are transparent. The second pereiopod fingers have a muddy brownish band; each joint with a muddy-brownish band. Eyes are translucent with a dark brownish cornea with a small dark spot dorsally. Matured eggs are muddy greenish.</p>
            <p> Geographical distribution.  Palaemonella tenuipes widely occurs in shallow water depths and is extensively distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific region (Fig. 3). Scattered records extend from the Red Sea to the Line Islands, through Madagascar, Seychelle Islands, Maldive Islands, Chagos Islands, Malaya to the Ryukyu Islands, Marshall Islands, Fijian Islands, Society Islands, Wake Island, and Johnson Atoll (Bruce, 2002b). However, this species has not previously been reported from the Lakshadweep region, and Indian waters.Agatti Island is a new record among these regions. </p>
            <p> Remarks. The six specimens examined were collected from 0.5–1 m depth. One specimen lost both the second pereiopods, but other specimens were in good condition with mature eggs. Accordingly, we could positively characterize it as  P. tenuipes by the presence of a moderately slender dactylus on ambulatory pereiopods about 4.4–5.6 times as long as basal width, the second pereiopod of the merus with a strong distoventral spine, carpus with a sub-terminal distal spine, and absence of a supraorbital spine. The present Indian materials agreed well with the illustrated keys of Bruce (2002a), and Komai and Yamada (2015). The present report of  P. tenuipes from India represents the shallowest depth recorded from the Indian Ocean and it is the first report from Lakshadweep, Indian waters. </p>
            <p> Palaemonella tenuipes is morphologically very close to  P. rotumana and  P. pottsi , which were previously collected from the Lakshadweep Islands.  Palaemonella tenuipes differs from  P. rotumana (Indian material) by the length of the carpus (more than 6.7times the distal width, and 2.0 times as long as palm) compared to  P. rotumana (carpus is 6.1 times as long as distal width, and 2.2 times palm length).  Palaemonella tenuipes is distinguished from  P. pottsi by the presence of the transparent body and a muddy brownish band on the fingers of the second pereiopods, the presence of a carpal sub-terminal spine, and scaphocerite length 3.8 times as long as maximum width;  P. pottsi has a transparent body with a dark black band on the fingers of second pereiopods, and the scaphocerite is3.6 times longer than the maximum width. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/397187D2FF882342FC122B9080444A2D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lal, Sheena Jose Purushothaman Paramasivam Rejani Chandran S. Bharathi A. Dhinakaran Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar Kuldeep K.	Lal, Sheena Jose Purushothaman Paramasivam Rejani Chandran S. Bharathi A. Dhinakaran Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar Kuldeep K. (2018): Two new distributional records of Palaemonella Dana, 1852 shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from Lakshadweep Islands, India. Nauplius (e 2021049) 29: 1-18, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14666623
397187D2FF8C234CFF632E1E87B94CBB.text	397187D2FF8C234CFF632E1E87B94CBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile 1898)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898)</p>
            <p>(Figs. 4, 5)</p>
            <p> Periclimenes rotumanus Borradaile, 1898: 383 . </p>
            <p> Palaemonella vestigialis Kemp, 1922: 123–126 , figs. 1, 2, pl. 3. </p>
            <p> Palaemonella rotumana — Bruce, 1970: 276–279, pl. 1e–f. — Ďuriš, 2017: 7. </p>
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                 Material examined.   NBFGR /PALPROT.01 (1 male, CL: 2.4 mm, ID no: NBFGR: DBTLD65), 1 male (CL: 2.5 mm, ID no: NBFGR: DBTLD65 A),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.16944/lat 10.830556)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.16944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.830556">Arabian Sea</a>
                 , off Agatti Islands, Lakshadweep, India, (10°49’50”N 72°10’10”E), 1–2 m depth, temperature 28.1 oC, salinity 35 ppt, March 2020  . 
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            <p>Diagnosis. Rostrum straight, reaching distal end of third antennular peduncle, distal end pointing slightly upward, dorsally armed with 6 teeth, and 2 teeth ventrally (Fig.4A). Carapace smooth, glabrous, without supraorbital spine; an epigastric tooth found far behind orbital margin; inferior orbital angle well formed; antennal spine well developed, extended far from distal end of inferior orbital angle (Fig. 4B); hepatic spine small, sharp; pterygostomial region rounded. Eyes well developed, with thick eyestalk, shorter than cornea. Abdominal tergites smooth, rounded dorsally. Mandible with 2-segmented palp. Third maxilliped extending beyond distal end of the rostrum. First pereiopod thin, overreaching distal end of antennal scaphocerite by length of carpus (Fig. 4C). Fifth pereiopods slender, with dactylus slightly curved inferiorly. Telson bearing 2 well-developed pairs of movable dorsolateral spines; 3 pairs of posterodistal spines, lateral one similar to dorsolateral spine, intermediate spine slender, about 0.3 times as long as telson length, sub-median pair shorter, barely extended past middle of intermediate spine (Fig. 4D).</p>
            <p> Ecological information.   The present specimens were collected from dead coral and rocky areas, southwest side of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India, at depths of 1–2 m. </p>
            <p> Geographical distribution.  Palaemonella rotumana is widely distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific region (Fig. 5): from the Red Sea to Mozambique, eastwards to Hawaiian Islands with wider bathymetric ranges from 10–126 m (Bruce, 1974; 1979; 2002a; 2002b; Ďuriš, 2017). The type locality of this palaemonid shrimp is the coast of Rotuma Island, in the Fijian Islands of the central Pacific region (Bruce, 1970). Presently, the distribution of this species is noted in Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, Arabian Sea, in Indian waters at a depth of 1– 2 m. </p>
            <p> Remarks. The present material closely agrees with the morphological keys of Bruce (2002a), and Komai and Yamada (2015). However, the second to fourth pereiopods are missing from the present Indian material with only the fifth pereiopod present. Generally, the preserved specimen of  P. rotumana closely resembles  P. pottsi in the morphology of the carapace, rostrum orientation, abdominal, and telson structures. Recently, Prakash and Marimuthu (2020) have reported  P. pottsi from Amini Island of Lakshadweep at a depth of 10 m, associated with crinoids (  Phanogenia gracilis ). However, both species can be clearly distinguished by the configuration of the dactylus, and propodus of the third to fifth pereiopods (Bruce, 1970; 2002a; De Grave, 2000). In the present material of  P. rotumana , the ventral margin of the dactylus of the fifth pereiopods are smoothly concave, and the distal propodal spines are slender, and overreaching the middle of the dactylus length. In  P. pottsi , the ventral margin of the dactylus of the third to fifth pereiopods are sinuous and the distal propodal spines are small (Bruce, 2002a; Komai and Yamada, 2015).  Palaemonella rotumana are commonly reported from shallow waters to 126 m depth, but the present Indian material was observed at 1–2m depth in Agatti Island, which is the shallowest recorded depth for this species. Similarly, Li et al. (2004) had noted a depth record of 1–2 m at Lingshui County, China. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/397187D2FF8C234CFF632E1E87B94CBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lal, Sheena Jose Purushothaman Paramasivam Rejani Chandran S. Bharathi A. Dhinakaran Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar Kuldeep K.	Lal, Sheena Jose Purushothaman Paramasivam Rejani Chandran S. Bharathi A. Dhinakaran Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar Kuldeep K. (2018): Two new distributional records of Palaemonella Dana, 1852 shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from Lakshadweep Islands, India. Nauplius (e 2021049) 29: 1-18, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14666623
