taxonID	type	description	language	source
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Drepatelodes chicomendes sp. nov. (Figs 1 A – B) has a habitus similar to Drepatelodes karusakaibu sp. nov. (Figs 1 C – D) but is slightly larger than the latter and has a less irregular line in the submarginal region of the forewing. Also, the genitalia of D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Fig. 2) resemble those of D. karusakaibu sp. nov. (Fig. 3), Drepatelodes manaos sp. nov. (Fig. 4) and Drepatelodes cabore sp. nov. (Fig. 5), but it can be distinguished from these by the following combination of characters: valvae not exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus (in D. cabore sp. nov., D. karusakaibu sp. nov., and D. manaos sp. nov., the valvae exceed the posterior portion of the uncus); sacculus with a small triangular projection (in D. cabore sp. nov., D. karusakaibu sp. nov., and D. manaos sp. nov., the sacculus has a more elongated, digitiform projection); aedeagus without a sclerotized projection laterally in the apical half (present in D. cabore sp. nov., D. karusakaibu sp. nov., and D. manaos sp. nov.).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head: antenna brownish beige, approximately 1 / 3 the length of the forewing costal margin, bipectinate at the tip; labial palpus, first and second segments covered by large beige and brown scales. Thorax: brownish beige, dorsally with a brown central longitudinal line. Forewing. Length: 20 mm (n = 1). Upperside: brownish beige speckled with brown scales, with three transverse parallel brown lines from costal to inner margin; close to the submarginal region, a brown irregular line from Rs 4 to CuA 2; submarginal region more brownish from Rs 4 to M 3. Underside: similar to the upperside, but ground color paler, without speckled brown scales and barely visible brown lines. Hindwing. Upperside: brownish beige, postdiscal region browner. Underside: brownish beige speckled with brown scales. Abdomen: brownish beige, dorsally with a brown central longitudinal line; ventrally with a pearl central longitudinal line, bordered by a pair of brown lines (Figs 1 A – B). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized. Saccus elongated, slightly curved dorsally, apex rounded. Uncus more sclerotized and longer than tegumen, in dorsal view almost as wide as the tegumen, distally strongly concave; in the distal 1 / 3 a thin, strongly sclerotized projection, ventrally inclined 90 °, apex with three points, one proximal heart-shaped and two distally Vshaped; gnathos as sclerotized as the uncus, hook-shaped and pointed apically, mesally fused by a membrane; socii absent. Valvae less sclerotized than tegumen, parallel-sided, with rounded apex, not exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus; sacculus with small sclerotized spiniform process at approximately 1 / 3 of valvae length. Fultura inferior rectangular (Figs 2 A – C). Aedeagus short and thick. Vesica with a slightly curved, sclerotized, and pointed cornutus (Fig. 2 D). Female. Unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Parque Nacional Serra do Divisor, Mâncio Lima, Acre, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / BRASIL, ACRE, MANCIO LIMA, PQ. NAC. SERRA DO DIVISOR, SEDE, SERRA, RIO MOA, 7 – 10, 13 - X- 2018, 7 ° 26 ' 37 " S 73 ° 40 ' 17 " W, 450 m, O. MIELKE, CASAGRANDE, DOLIBAINA & MEDEIROS LEG. / DZ 43.421 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2021 / BC-DZ / [red label] HOLOTYPUS Drepatelodes chicomende s Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 43.421 Drepatelodes chicomende s Orlandin & Piovesan 2025 /. CCDB code CMBUT 1476 - 20. — no paratypes.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, near the Peruvian border.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, popularly known as Chico Mendes, a leader who fought to end the exploitation of rubber tappers, for the right to land for extractive peoples and the preservation of the Amazon Rainforest. Chico Mendes was murdered by landowners who opposed his activism. The name is a combination of Chico and Mendes.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA741FFDEC282FF3EFD9C3900.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Drepatelodes chicomendes sp. nov. has a habitus similar to D. karusakaibu sp. nov.; besides the morphological differences observed in the male genitalia, the molecular distance (4.9 %) (Table 1) further corroborates the separation between the two species.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Drepatelodes karusakaibu sp. nov. (Figs 1 C – D) has a habitus similar to D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Figs 1 A – B) but is slightly smaller than the latter and has a more irregular line in the submarginal region of the forewing. The genitalia of D. karusakaibu sp. nov. (Fig. 3) resemble those of D. cabore sp. nov. (Fig. 5), D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Fig. 2), and D. manaos sp. nov. (Fig. 4), but it can be distinguished from these by the following characters: valvae exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus (not exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus in D. chicomendes sp. nov.); sacculus with a digitiform projection and pointed apex (with a small triangular projection in D. chicomendes sp. nov., rounded in D. cabore sp. nov., and D. manaos sp. nov.); uncus wider than that of D. cabore sp. nov., D. chicomendes sp. nov., and D. manaos sp. nov.; aedeagus with a sclerotized projection laterally in the apical half (absent in D. chicomendes sp. nov., present but smaller in D. cabore sp. nov., present but without pointed apex in D. manaos sp. nov.).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head, Thorax and Abdomen similar to the D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Figs 1 A – B) but forewing length: 15 – 19 mm (n = 2) (Figs 1 C – D). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized. Saccus elongated, slightly curved dorsally, apex tapered. Uncus more sclerotized and shorter than tegumen, in dorsal view almost as wide as the tegumen; distally strongly concave, with a strongly sclerotized projection, ventrally inclined 90 °, apex with three points, one proximal heart-shaped and two distally V-shaped; gnathos as sclerotized as the uncus, hook-shaped and pointed apically, mesally fused by a membrane; socii absent. Valvae less sclerotized than tegumen, parallel-sided, with rounded apex exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus; sacculus with sclerotized spiniform process at approximately 1 / 3 of valvae length. Fultura inferior rectangular (Figs 3 A – C). Aedeagus short and thick, laterally in the apical half, with a more sclerotized curved projection. Vesica with a sclerotized and pointed cornutus (Fig. 3 D). Female. Unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Flona Tapajós, Rurópolis, Pará, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / BRASIL, PARÁ, RURÓPOLIS, 7 KM N, FLONA TAPAJÓS, 4 ° 02 ' 52 " S 54 ° 56 ' 13 " W, 23, 24 - I- 2022, CARNEIRO, ORLANDIN, CASAGRANDE & MIELKE LEG. / DZ 57.086 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2024 / BC-DZ / [red label] HOLOTYPUS Drepatelodes karusakaibu Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 57.086 Drepatelodes karusakaibu Orlandin & Piovesan 2025 /. CCDB code CMBUT 1908 - 23. — Paratypes. BRAZIL. Pará: Rurópolis, same data as the holotype; DZ 53.138. [green label] PARATYPUS Drepatelodes karusakaibu Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 (DZUP).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, in the Lower Tapajos Valley.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Karusakaibu is the creator god of the world, according to the Munduruku, an indigenous people inhabiting the region where the new species was discovered.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA747FFD9C282FAA1FC8239F7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Morphological and barcode data indicate a close relationship between D. karusakaibu sp. nov. and D. chicomendes sp. nov. (COI distance = 4.9 %). Both species are also closely related to Drepatelodes trilineata (Dognin, 1912) (COI distance = 5.2 % and 5.6 % respectively).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Drepatelodes manaos sp. nov. (Figs 1 E – F) has a habitus similar to D. cabore sp. nov. (Figs 1 G – H) but can be separated from that species by a line in the submarginal region of the forewing, which is more irregular in D. manaos sp. nov. Drepatelodes manaos sp. nov. also has habitus similar to D. trilineata (Herbin [2024] Fig. 10) and can be separated from it only by genitalia characters (Fig. 4): sacculus with a larger digitiform projection; uncus distally with a strong concavity, V-shaped (small concavity in D. trilineata); aedeagus with a sclerotized projection laterally in the apical half, without pointed apex (pointed in D. trilineata) and vesica with a sclerotized and rounded cornutus (vesica with a small, slightly sclerotized portion in D. trilineata) (Herbin [2024] Fig. 11). The genitalia of D. manaos sp. nov. (Fig. 4) resemble those of D. cabore sp. nov. (Fig. 5), D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Fig. 2), and D. karusakaibu sp. nov. (Fig. 3), but it can be distinguished from these by the following characters: sacculus with a process at approximately 1 / 2 of valvae length (approximately 1 / 3 of valvae length in D. cabore sp. nov., D. chicomendes sp. nov. and D. karusakaibu sp. nov.); aedeagus with a sclerotized projection laterally in the apical half, without a pointed apex (absent in D. chicomendes sp. nov., present with a pointed apex in D. cabore sp. nov., and D. karusakaibu sp. nov.); and vesica with a sclerotized and rounded cornutus (pointed in D. cabore sp. nov., D. chicomendes sp. nov. and D. karusakaibu sp. nov.).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head, Thorax and Abdomen: similar to the D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Figs 1 A – B), but forewing length: 18 mm (n = 2) (Figs 1 E – F). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized. Saccus elongated, slightly curved dorsally, apex rounded. Uncus more sclerotized and smaller than the tegumen, in dorsal view almost as wide as the tegumen, distally strongly concave; in the distal 1 / 3 a thin, strongly sclerotized projection, ventrally inclined 90 °, apex with three points, one proximal heart-shaped and two distally V-shaped; gnathos as sclerotized as the tegumen, hook-shaped and pointed apically, mesally fused by a membrane; socii absent. Valvae less sclerotized than tegumen, parallel-sided, with rounded apex exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus; sacculus with a finger-like process at approximately 1 / 2 of valvae length. Fultura inferior rectangular (Figs 4 A – C). Aedeagus short and thick, laterally in the apical half, with a more sclerotized process. Vesica with a sclerotized and rounded cornutus (Fig. 4 D). Female. Unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Manaus, Amazonas, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / ZF 2 - Estação Ecológica Manaus, Amazonas, BR 2 ° 35 ' 24 " S 60 ° 12 ' 36 " W, 110 m 06 – 11. IV. 2024, E. Orlandin leg. / DZ 62.031 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2024 / [red label] HOLOTYPUS Drepatelodes manaos Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 62.031 Drepatelodes manaos Orlandin & Piovesan 2025 /. — Paratypes. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, same data as the holotype; DZ 62.573. [green label] PARATYPUS Drepatelodes manaos Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 (DZUP).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, in central Amazonia, on the left bank of the Rio Negro.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the Manáos, an Indigenous people that inhabited the region where the species was discovered, before the European colonization of Brazil.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA745FFDBC282FF76FE253DE8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Drepatelodes manaos sp. nov. has a habitus similar to D. trilineata, and they can only be distinguished by the morphological differences observed in the male genitalia. Further collections are needed to determine whether the species occur in sympatry.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Drepatelodes cabore sp. nov. (Figs 1 G – H) has a habitus similar to D. manaos sp. nov. (Figs 1 E – F) and D. trilineata (Herbin [2024] Fig. 10) but can be separated from these by a line in the submarginal region that is more irregular in D. manaos sp. nov. and D. trilineata. The genitalia of D. cabore sp. nov. (Fig. 5) resemble those of D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Fig. 2), D. manaos sp. nov. (Fig. 4), and D. karusakaibu sp. nov. (Fig. 3), but it can be distinguished from these by the following characters: sacculus with a process at approximately 1 / 3 of valvae length (approximately 1 / 2 of valvae length in D. manaos sp. nov.); aedeagus with a more robust caecum, laterally with a sclerotized projection with a pointed apex (absent in D. chicomendes sp. nov., present without pointed apex in D. manaos sp. nov. present with a pointed apex, but smaller in D. karusakaibu sp. nov.); and vesica with a sclerotized pointed cornutus smaller than that of D. chicomendes sp. nov. and D. karusakaibu sp. nov. (rounded cornutus in D. manaos sp. nov.).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head, Thorax and Abdomen similar to the D. chicomendes sp. nov. (Figs 1 A – B), but forewing length: 20 mm (n = 1) (Figs 1 G – H). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized. Saccus elongated, slightly curved dorsally, apex rounded. Uncus more sclerotized and smaller than the tegumen, in dorsal view almost as wide as the tegumen, tapering distally, distally strongly concave; in the distal 1 / 3 a thin, strongly sclerotized projection, ventrally inclined 90 °, apex with three points, one proximal heart-shaped and two distally V-shaped; gnathos as sclerotized as the tegumen, hook-shaped and pointed apically, mesally fused by a membrane; socii absent. Valvae less sclerotized than tegumen, parallel-sided, with rounded apex exceeding the posterior portion of the uncus; sacculus with a finger-like process at approximately 1 / 3 of valvae length. Fultura inferior rectangular, medially less sclerotinized (Figs 5 A – C). Aedeagus short and thick, laterally in the apical half, with a more sclerotized curved projection. Vesica with a sclerotized and pointed cornutus (Fig. 5 D). Female. Unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Floresta Nacional de Tefé, Alvarães, Amazonas, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / FLONA DE TEFE, Bom Jesus, Alvarães, AMAZONAS, BRASIL, 3 ° 31 ' S 64 ° 58 ' W 9 – 12. IX. 2023, Carneiro, Orlandin, Casagrande & Mielke leg. / DZ 61.531 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2024 / [red label] HOLOTYPUS Drepatelodes cabore Orlandin & Carneiro det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 61.531 Drepatelodes cabore Orlandin & Carneiro 2025 /.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality in the Middle Solimões region.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the Legend of the Brazil Nut Tree, which tells of a brave and beautiful warrior of the Tefé people, named Caboré. Upon her death, she was transformed by Tupã into one of the most beautiful trees in the Amazon, providing food for her people year-round through its fruits.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA744FFD4C282FBDFFD07398A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Drepatelodes cabore sp. nov. has a habitus similar to D. manaos sp. nov. and D. trilineata, likely forming a species complex with D. chicomendes sp. nov. and D. karusakaibu sp. nov. Future molecular analyses may provide further evidence for this observation.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tamphana ajuricaba sp. nov. (Fig. 6) is similar to Tamphana praecipua Schaus, 1905 (Herbin et al. 2024 b, Fig. 27) but can be separated from it by the presence of a white spot on the discal cell (absent in T. praecipua) and by the male genitalia with fultura inferior like an elongated sclerotized band (Fig. 7 A) (shorter and rectangular in T. praecipua (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 28 a )), and aedeagus long, with a strongly sclerotized spine in the apical region (Fig. 7 C – D) (short, thicker and without spine in the apical region in T. praecipua (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 28 c )).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head: vertex and frons brown; compound eyes naked antenna approximately 1 / 3 the length of the costal margin of the forewing, bipectinate from the base to apex, ventrally naked, dorsally covered by brown and grey scales; labial palpus covered by brown scales, ventrally covered by a compact block of brown and grey scales, first and second segment thick and slightly curved, the second about three times the length of the first, third segment reduced and oval; proboscis reduced. Thorax: brown with patches of grey scales. Legs: foreleg greyish, middle and hind legs brown; tibia of middle and hind legs with a pair of spurs; first tarsal segment with elongated scales. Forewing. Length: 14 mm (n = 1). Upperside: brown; basal region darker; subbasal and postdiscal regions with darker or greyish spots and two transverse wavy brown lines; discal cell with a white spot. Underside: greyish brown. Hindwing. Upperside: reddish brown; inner margin with a brush of modified scales, broader at the apex. Underside: greyish brown with two transverse brown lines. Abdomen: Dorsally brown, ventrally cream, medially with a faint brownish line (Fig. 6). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized in all its extension, basal region concave, proximal half wider than the distal half, giving a triangular appearance. Saccus rounded. Uncus and gnathos vestigial. Valvae longer than tegumen, basal region narrower than the apical region, apical region with projections like spines, one dorsally (longer than the others), one near the ventral region, and two internally, in the middle region. Fultura inferior like an elongated sclerotized band (Fig. 7 A – B). Aedeagus cylindrical, long (one and a half times longer than valvae), thin and curved, apical region with a strongly sclerotized spine. Vesica without cornutus (Fig. 7 C – D). Female unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Manaus, Amazonas, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / ZF 2 - Estação Ecológica Manaus, Amazonas, BR 2 ° 35 ' 24 " S 60 ° 12 ' 36 " W, 110 m 06 – 11. IV. 2024, E. Orlandin leg. / DZ 62.027 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2024 / [red label] HOLOTYPUS Tamphana ajuricaba Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 62.027 Tamphana ajuricaba Orlandin & Piovesan det. 2025 /. — no paratypes.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, in central Amazonia, on the left bank of the Rio Negro.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the leader of the Mana ́ os who, at the beginning of the 18 th century, mobilized more than thirty indigenous nations in the struggle against the Portuguese and their allies. This campaign is considered the largest anti-colonialist movement of the 18 th century in the Amazon region.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74AFFD6C282FF76FD553A14.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Tamphana ajuricaba sp. nov. has a habitus similar to that of T. praecipua. Both resemble Tamphana inferna Dognin, 1916, due to their more elongated forewings; however, no images of the genitalia are available for T. inferna. The genitalia of T. ajuricaba sp. nov. and T. praecipua resemble those of T. paranensis Herbin, Giusti & Mielke, 2024 (Herbin et al. 2024, Fig. 32). Molecular analyses and dissection of the genitalia of T. inferna may confirm the relationship among these species.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tuyvae guyranhandu sp. nov. (Fig. 8) is similar to Tuyvae carabaya Giusti, Herbin & Mielke, 2024 (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 43) and Tuyvae maoma (Schaus, 1920) (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 40), the three species differ from Tuyvae douglasboyesi Giusti, Herbin & Mielke, 2024 (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 39) and Tuyvae orion (Dognin, 1916) (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 236) due to the greyish brown colour and the presence of few dark brown markings on the forewings (in T. orion and T. douglasboyesi the colour is light brown and the forewings have longitudinal dark brown markings in the discal region). The best way to separate the Tuyvae species is by examining the male genitalia. Tuyvae guyranhandu sp. nov. (Fig. 9 A), T. carabaya (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 44 a) and T. maoma (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 41 a) show uncus wide with a central projection on the apex and ganthos present (in T. orion (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 37 a) and T. douglasboyesi (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 39 a) the uncus is narrow and the apex is bifid and ganthos absent). Tuyvae guyranhandu sp. nov. can be differentiated from T. carabaya and T. maoma by the valvae with a well-developed sacculus with several pointed projections (Fig. 9 B) (in T. carabaya (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 44 b) and T. maoma (Herbin et al. 2024 b Fig. 41 b) the sacculus is weakly developed with two pointed projections).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head: vertex and frons brown; compound eyes naked; antenna approximately 1 / 4 the length of the costal margin of the anterior wing, bipectinate from the base to apex, ventrally naked, dorsally covered by brown scales; labial palpus dorsally covered by brown scales, ventrally covered by a compact block of cream scales; first and second segment thick and slightly curved, the second about twice the length of the first, third segment reduced and oval; proboscis absent. Thorax: dorsally brown, ventrally cream. Legs: all legs smooth, cream (except in the foreleg, on the tibia and tarsomeres, the scales in the anterior region are brown); tibia of middle legs with two pairs of spurs and hind legs with a pair of spurs. Forewing. Length: 14 mm (n = 1). Upperside: ground colour brown with a darker brown patch from the inner margin projection to the posterior portion of the discal cell; a very faint dark brown line, on the postdiscal region extending from the costal to the inner margin. Underside: ground colour cream; two faint brown lines, on the posdiscal and submarginal regions extending from the costal to the inner margin; outer margin from apical region to CuA 2 brownish. Hindwing. Upperside: ground colour lighter than the forewing; inner margin, from half to the anal angle, with dark brown scales. Underside: ground colour cream, sprinkled with some dark brown scales; two faint brown lines, on the posdiscal and submarginal regions extending from the costal to the inner margin. Abdomen. Dorsally brown, ventrally cream except the eighth segment, tegumen and valvae covered by longer dark brown scales (Fig. 8). Genitalia. Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized in all its extension. Saccus and saccus arm wide. Uncus dorsoventrally flattened, approximately the same length and width as the tegumen, not ventrally curved; laterals with concavity; apical region rounded with a concavity in the middle, and a projection in the ventral region giving a keel appearance; socii absent. Gnathos, unfused, narrow and posteriorly curved with a sickle aspect. Valvae less sclerotized than uncus and tegumen, rectangular with a rounded apex; sacculus well developed with several pointed projections, reaching half the length of the valvae. Aedeagus slightly sclerotized ventrally and dorsally membranous (Fig. 9). Female. Unknown.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Parque Nacional da Amazônia, Itaituba, Pará, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / BRASIL, PARÁ, ITAITUBA, Pq NAC. AMAZÔNIA, BASE TRACOÁ, 4 ° 28 ' 13 " S 56 ° 17 ' 03 " W, 29, 30 - VII- 2022, CARNEIRO, ORLANDIN, CASAGRANDE & MIELKE LEG. / DZ 53.106 / GEN. PREP. E. ORLANDIN 2024 / [red label] Holotype Tuyvae guyranhandu Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro det. 2025 /. Genitalia in vial glass with glycerine with the following label: / DZ 53.106 Tuyvae guyranhandu Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro 2025 / CCDB code CMBUT 1904 - 23. — no paratypes.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, in the Lower Tapajos Valley.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is the combination of Guyra and Nhandu, greater rhea in Tupi. Guyra Nhandu is the name of the constellation that, in the second half of June, fully appears at dusk, on the east side, indicating the beginning of the dry season for the indigenous peoples of northern Brazil. This constellation was observed during the nights when we collected specimens of this new species.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA749FFD0C282FB82FDC53FF0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Tuyvae guyranhandu sp. nov. is very similar to T. maoma and T. carabaya its correct identification is only possible by observing the genitalia. DNA barcoding confirms the close relationship between T. guyranhandu sp. nov. and T. maoma (Table 2).	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74FFFD0C282FBCCFBA03BAA.taxon	discussion	The genus name, Aymara Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 (Orlandin et al. 2024) is invalid as being junior homonym of Aymara Michaelsen, 1935: 3 (Annelida). In current use as a full genus. — Michaelsen, W. 1935. Oligochaeten aus Peru. Capita Zoologica 6 (2): 1 – 12. — According to the Code (ICZN), a junior homonym name cannot be used as a valid name for a taxon. There is no junior synonym of Aymara Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024; therefore we propose here a replacement name, Aymarodes nom. nov. for Aymara Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 nec Michaelsen, 1935. The new name, Aymarodes nom. nov. is derived from the former invalid name Aymara, with the suffix ‘ - odes’ added to maintain a connection to the original designation while ensuring its uniqueness. Necessary new generic combinations: Aymarodes striata (Druce, 1906) comb. nov.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74FFFD0C282F9E0FC1E39CE.taxon	discussion	The genus name, Lempira Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 (Orlandin et al. 2024) is invalid as being junior homonym of Lempira Rehn, 1938: 62 (Orthoptera). Raised as a subgenus of Rhicnoderma Gerstaecker, 1889; in current use as a full genus. — Rehn, J. A. G. 1938. A revision of the Neotropical Euthymiae (Orthoptera, Acrididae, Cyrtacanthacridinae). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 90: 41 – 102. — According to the Code (ICZN), a junior homonym name cannot be used as a valid name for a taxon. There is no junior synonym of Lempira Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024; therefore we propose here a replacement name, Lempirodes nom. nov. for Lempira Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 nec Rehn, 1938. The new name, Lempirodes nom. nov. is derived from the former invalid name Lempira, with the suffix ‘ - odes’ added to maintain a connection to the original designation while ensuring its uniqueness. Necessary new generic combinations: Lempirodes aegina (Stoll, 1782) comb. nov., Lempirodes impedita (Dognin, 1916) comb. nov., Lempirodes fieldi (Schaus, 1910) comb. nov.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
454AF15EA74EFFD1C282FF76FDC93C80.taxon	discussion	The genus name, Zapata Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 (Orlandin et al. 2024) is invalid as being junior homonym of Zapata Bruner, 1904: 103 (Orthoptera). Currently treated as a junior synonym of Ageneotettix McNeill, 1897. — Bruner, L. 1902 – 1909. Acrididae. Biologia Centrali-Americana: Insecta: Orthoptera: 2: 1 – 342. — According to the Code (ICZN), a junior homonym name cannot be used as a valid name for a taxon. There is no junior synonym of Zapata Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024; therefore we propose here a replacement name, Zapatodes nom. nov. for Zapata Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024 nec Bruner, 1904. The new name, Zapatodes nom. nov. is derived from the former invalid name Zapata, with the suffix ‘ - odes’ added to maintain a connection to the original designation while ensuring its uniqueness. Necessary new generic combinations: Zapatodes castra (Jones, 1908) comb. nov., Zapatodes corema (Schaus, 1896) comb. nov., Zapatodes ennomoides (Walker, 1865) comb. nov., Zapatodes pertuisa (Dognin, 1916) comb. nov., Zapatodes roura (Herbin, 2015) comb. nov., Zapatodes taperinha (Dognin, 1922) comb. nov., Zapatodes tuisa (Schaus, 1910) comb. nov.	en	Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Mônica, Carneiro, Eduardo (2025): New species and taxonomic notes on the Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea). Zootaxa 5642 (1): 1-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.1.1
