identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4A733945FFE6510CBA86FC85FDFEFAB4.text	4A733945FFE6510CBA86FC85FDFEFAB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Boophone disticha	<div><p>The extremely toxic bulb of Boophone disticha</p><p>(Bushman Poison Bulb, Figs 6a &amp; b)</p><p>is widely used medicinally to treat septic wounds and as dressing after circumcision (Van Wyk, van Oudtshoorn &amp; Gericke 2009). It is very popular in the muti markets and amongst urban and rural healers. This is a protected species that is threatened in most parts of the country. It is declining due to both habitat loss, especially in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng, and unsustainable harvesting, mainly because large, reproductive individuals are being removed. Although this species is long-lived, the plant only flowers after 10 years and seldom flowers every year. As can be expected, harvesters collect the biggest bulbs, which are also the reproductive individuals, thus putting further pressure on populations (SANBI 2017a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CBA86FC85FDFEFAB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CB921FB45FB8FFA74.text	4A733945FFE6510CB921FB45FB8FFA74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphorbia wilmaniae	<div><p>A number of scarce and protected species were observed and collected on the calcrete bank at Ploegfontein and along the bank of the Groenwaterspruit west of the Witsand Road. The only population of Euphorbia wilmaniae</p><p>(Figs 9a &amp; b),</p><p>an endemic to the Ghaap Plateau, observed at Kolomela occurs on the calcrete banks at Ploegfontein adjacent to the Groenwaterspruit.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CB921FB45FB8FFA74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CBA86FE65FE4DFD14.text	4A733945FFE6510CBA86FE65FE4DFD14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpagophytum procumbens subsp. procumbens	<div><p>Harpagophytum procumbens subsp. procumbens</p><p>(Devil’s Claw, Figs 4a &amp; b) occurs over a wide range of habitats on well drained sandy soil in open savanna. It is not endemic to South Africa, but has TOPS status because of harvesting pressure due to its medicinal value in treating arthritis and rheumatism. Between 1999 and 2005 the international demand for Devil’s Claw tubers was very high, but the demand and subsequent harvesting pressure have since declined (SANBI 2017a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CBA86FE65FE4DFD14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CBA86FF65FE43FEB4.text	4A733945FFE6510CBA86FF65FE43FEB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoodia gordonii	<div><p>Hoodia gordonii</p><p>(Ghaap, Fig. 3)</p><p>has undergone severe decline since 2001 as a result of harvesting for its appetite-suppressing properties. Fortunately wild harvesting of this TOPS species has declined in South Africa as a result of the decrease in international demand and the strict enforcement of new legislation to protect it (SANBI 2017a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CBA86FF65FE43FEB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CB921FD25FAB9FB54.text	4A733945FFE6510CB921FD25FAB9FB54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ledebouria coriacea	<div><p>Ledebouria coriacea</p><p>(Fig. 8b)</p><p>is critically endangered and previously known only from the Coega Bontveld near Port Elizabeth. There it occurs on alluvial sand and fine gravel underlain by calcrete. A single, small population numbering fewer than 500 individuals is under severe threat due to ongoing habitat loss caused by urban expansion, especially uncontrolled expansion of informal settlements (Venter 1993). It is also losing habitat to ongoing industrial development as the population occurs in an area that has been earmarked for large-scale economic development (SANBI 2017a). A small population has been recorded at the farm Heuningkranz where active prospecting is currently taking place.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CB921FD25FAB9FB54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE65102B921FA25FEA5FF37.text	4A733945FFE65102B921FA25FEA5FF37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lithops aucampiae subsp. aucampiae	<div><p>The habitat of Lithops aucampiae subsp. aucampiae</p><p>(Figs 10a &amp; b)</p><p>is characterised by very shallow soil, exposed limestone outcrops and no cover from shrubs or trees, which creates an extremely harsh micro-environment (Cole 1988). This species is a popular collectors’ item and as such, is under threat.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE65102B921FA25FEA5FF37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CBA86FD05FDC4FC94.text	4A733945FFE6510CBA86FD05FDC4FC94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pachypodium succulentum	<div><p>Pachypodium succulentum</p><p>(Dikvoet, Figs 5a &amp; b)</p><p>is the third TOPS species recorded at Kolomela. It is fairly localised on quartzite outcrops.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CBA86FD05FDC4FC94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE6510CBA86FA65FE9CF8F4.text	4A733945FFE6510CBA86FA65FE9CF8F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentzia stellata	<div><p>According to Herman (1999), Pentzia stellata</p><p>occurs only on seasonally waterlogged pans that consist of unweathered calcrete. These pans are often exploited for calcrete rock used in road construction. One of its major habitats is the Ghaap Plateau, where numerous such ephemeral pans occur. Unfortunately, this habitat is under threat due to increased mining activities in the area. A few known populations are situated on farms where they may be affected by habitat degradation due to trampling and overgrazing. It has a very small Area of Occupancy, estimated to be less than 20 km ², and is listed as Near Threatened (SANBI 2017a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE6510CBA86FA65FE9CF8F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE85102BAFDFD85FF5DFC94.text	4A733945FFE85102BAFDFD85FF5DFC94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deverra rapaletsa	<div><p>It was described as Deverra rapaletsa .</p><p>The species epithet is derived from the Setswana (a major language in the area) word for flat and refers to the distinctive prostrate growing habit of this species. This species occurs on the weathered limestone outcrops along the Groenwaterspruit, south of Postmasburg.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE85102BAFDFD85FF5DFC94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE85102B921FBA4FC04FAB4.text	4A733945FFE85102B921FBA4FC04FAB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa var. glandulosa	<div><p>Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa</p><p>(Figs 17a &amp; b)</p><p>falls into category 3 (DEA 2016) and represents the biggest threat to the indigenous vegetation in Kolomela and the greater Ghaap Plateau. It occurs primarily along drainage lines, such as the Groenwaterspruit, and in disturbed areas around watering points. The mine is currently involved with a very successful control programme aimed at eradication of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE85102B921FBA4FC04FAB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFE85102BA86FC85FC74FF14.text	4A733945FFE85102BA86FC85FC74FF14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Triaspis hypericoides subsp. hypericoides	<div><p>In South Africa, Triaspis hypericoides subsp. hypericoides</p><p>(Figs 14a &amp; b)</p><p>is restricted to the Griekwaland West Centre of Endemism (Van Wyk &amp; Smith 2001). It is isolated from its closest neighbouring populations, which are found in the northern part of Botswana. This plant is also isolated from the Triaspis hypericoides subsp. nelsonii populations that occur in Limpopo, Mpumalanga and North West provinces in South Africa and the populations in the far north of Namibia (Immelman 1986). In Sekhukhuneland, T. glaucophylla is associated with heavy-metal soils (Van Wyk &amp; Smith 2001). It has been suggested that T. hypericoides subsp. hypericoides might also be an indicator of similar soils. Based on the complete isolation of the Ghaap populations from all other Triaspis species, this subspecies may be elevated to species status (Van Wyk pers. com. 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFE85102BA86FC85FC74FF14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
4A733945FFEA5100BA86FDC8FE44FBC9.text	4A733945FFEA5100BA86FDC8FE44FBC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Verbesina encelioides var. encelioides var. encelioides	<div><p>Verbesina encelioides var. encelioides</p><p>(Golden Crownbeard, Figs 18a &amp; b),</p><p>a native to the south-western United States and Mexico, has not yet reached invader status in South Africa but is already presenting problems in disturbed sandy areas (P.C. Zietsman pers. obs.). It aggressively invades disturbed areas in the drier parts of the country and being a pioneer plant, it prevents natural sucession. Waste rock dumps, road reserves and areas that are being rehabilitated are exceptionally vulnerable to invasion by this species. As rehabilitation of, especially, waste rock dumps is very important to Kolomela and all other mining companies in the Ghaap Plateau, this species will have a significant impact on the success of rehabilitation activities.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A733945FFEA5100BA86FDC8FE44FBC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zietsman, P. C.;Zietsman, L. E.	Zietsman, P. C., Zietsman, L. E. (2019): Floristic diversity at Kolomela mine on the Ghaap Plateau, Postmasburg, Northern Cape Province. Indago 35: 1-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15566265
