identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
650787E5620DFFC5EC54FE1304FE24FB.text	650787E5620DFFC5EC54FE1304FE24FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ficiomyia brasiliensis Urso-Guimarães & Pereira 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ficiomyia brasiliensis sp. nov. Urso-Guimarães urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 92DE1D66-3666-4D17-A230-02B3C7731B42 </p>
            <p>Figs. 1-4</p>
            <p>Description. Adult. Body length (antenna not included): 3.2 – 3.8 mm in male (n=6); 2.9 – 4.0 mm in female (n=14). Head (Fig. 1A): Eyes dark brown, holoptic, facets hexagonal, closely adjacent; occipital prominence absent. Frons with 20-25 setae. Labellum hemispherical with 8-9 scales in the proximal region and 5-6 setae in the distal region. Male antenna with 34 barrel-shaped and stalked flagellomeres; all with basal whorl of long setae, 2-3 hooded pores, and two trichoid sensillae in medial to distal region of the flagellomere, circumfila appressed, with two whorls connected by a small ring at the lateral surface (Fig. 1B); female antennae with 43 flagellomeres, barrel-shaped, stalk smaller than in male (Fig. 1C), circumfila as in male; in both sexes: first and second flagellomeres not fused; all flagellomeres with same length, except for the two first and the two last, more elongated than the other; apical process present in the last segment, and last flagellomere fused with the preceding one (Figs. 1D and 1E). Palpus 2-segmented, cylindrical, first and second fused, with the first + second palpomeres slightly shorter than third; strong setae along palpomeres as in Fig. 1F. Thorax: Legs: densely covered with scales; tarsal claws bent before midlength, toothed; empodia as long as tarsal claws (Fig. 1G). Wings: hyaline with scales on veins (Fig. 2A); length 3.0 – 4.0 mm in males (n=06) and females (N=14).</p>
            <p>Male abdomen: First through 6 th tergites, weakly sclerotized, an anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, a row of strong posterior setae, and sparse, scattered scales over all the tergites, lateral setae absent; 7 th tergite narrower with a double row of posterior setae and an anterior pair of trichoid sensilla; 8 th tergite not sclerotized, indicated by a double row of posterior setae, trichoid sensilla absent; pleura thickly covered with scales; 2 nd through 7 th sternites rectangular weakly sclerotized, with a row of posterior setae, medioanterior pair of trichoid sensilla, sclerotized regions with completely covered by scales and setae; 8 th sternite quadrate, completely covered by scales and setae; trichoid sensilla absent (Fig. 2C). Terminalia (Fig. 3A): cerci bilobed, each lobe round at tip, with 6-7 prominent caudal setae; hypoproct lobes triangular, lobes divided about ½ of their length, each lobe tapering to the pointed apex, apical setae absent; aedeagus slender, cylindrical, and distinctly longer than hypoproct; gonocoxite oblong, with a conspicuous apicoventral lobe and a large mediobasal lobe semicircular, lobes divided at base, and completely covered with microtrichia; gonocoxite setae mainly on distal part of dorsal surface and scattered over lateral and ventral surfaces; gonostylus clavate with a curved, stout, one pointed apical tooth. Setation as in Fig. 3A.</p>
            <p>Female abdomen: Tergites and sclerites as for male, except for 8 th sclerite quadrate, weakly sclerotized with an anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and a row of posterior setae (see Fig. 3E). Ovipositor (Fig. 3D): telescoped, protrusible portion of ovipositor, including cerci, about 2.0 times longer than 8 th sternite, with microtrichia in dense transverse rows; cercus fused, setae scattered sparsely apically; hypoproct short, cylindrical, with microtrichia densely distributed.</p>
            <p>Pupa. Body length 3.2 – 3.6 mm, maximum width 1.4 – 1.8 mm (N = 05). Integument color: eyes, wing and anterior portion of legs sheaths black, other parts of body light brown in both males and females. Antennal bases and frons without projections (apical setae, lower and lateral facial papillae absent) (Fig. 4A); prothoracic spiracles short (0,08- 0,09 mm), N=05), rounded apically (Fig.4B); a pair of abdominal spiracles sclerotized attached internally to trachea on segments 4-7 (Fig. 4C); tergites and sternites covered by micro spines (Fig. 4C).</p>
            <p>Larva (third instar). Body oval, creamy-white. Body length 2.1 – 2.4 mm, maximum width 0.9 – 1.1 mm (N = 10). Spatula transverse, bilobed, each lobe acute, stalk absent (Fig. 4D); lateral papillae not apparent; spiracles conspicuous with sclerotized outgrows in all segments of abdomen; terminal segment round without terminal papillae.</p>
            <p> Gall and Biology (Fig. 4E). Male and female galls are sessile, cream-colored, pocket-like swellings inside the  Ficus citrifolia syconia (  Moraceae ). It grows from the fig wall tissues towards the fig cavity, occupying most of its volume by the end of the fig development. On the external fig surface, it is possible to notice lumps or protuberances that indicate the presence of developing galls. The galls in which the female of the type species,  F. perarticulata , develops are longer and stalked, while that of the male are shorter and sessile. The galls in which male and female develop are sessile and indistinguishable from each other in new species. Differently to the fig wasps, the gall midge adult emerges towards the fig exterior and the pupal exuvia remains protruding through the emergency holes. In the Ribeirão Preto population,  F. brasiliensis is parasitized by species of  Physothorax Mayr, 1885 (  Torymidae : Chalcidoidea) and  Sycophila Walker, 1871 (  Eurytomidae : Chalcidoidea) wasps (Barros, personal communication). </p>
            <p> Type material. Holotype – Male [permanent slide] (deposited in MZSP); Brazil: São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto (21°10’S; 47°48’W) collected from May to June 2019, emerged on June 14, 2019, on syconia of  Ficus citrifolia Mill. (  Moraceae ), Barros, L.O. col. Paratypes. Same data of holotype, 01 male, 02 females, 05 pupae and 03 larvae [in permanent slides] (deposited in MZSP).Additional material: Same data, 04 males, 12 females, 05 pupae, and 03 larvae [in ethanol 70%]. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The specific name  “brasiliensis ” means that the insect is from Brazil. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/650787E5620DFFC5EC54FE1304FE24FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia;Pereira, Leví Oliveira Barros Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo	Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia, Pereira, Leví Oliveira Barros Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo (2024): Two new species of Ficiomyia Felt (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with species of Ficus L. (Moraceae) in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20240060) 68 (4): 1-7, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2024-0060, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2024-0060
650787E5620EFFC3EC4AF8D20275249B.text	650787E5620EFFC3EC4AF8D20275249B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ficiomyia caatinga Urso-Guimarães & Pereira 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ficiomyia caatinga sp. nov. Urso-Guimarães urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D85F907D-48B1-4E51-AA69-6BCE7617672C Figs. 2B; 3B, 3C, 3E, 5 Description. Same as  F.brasiliensis , except for: Adult. Body length </p>
            <p>(without antenna): 2.1 – 3.3 mm in male (N=21); 3.0 – 4.6 mm in female</p>
            <p>(N=21). Head (Fig. 5A): Eyes dark brown, holoptic, facets hexagonal, closely adjacent; occipital prominence absent. Frons with 18-24 setae. Male antenna with more than 26 (male antennae were broken in all specimens) barrel-shaped and stalked flagellomeres; all with basal whorl of long setae, ten hooded pores, and one trichoid sensilla in medial to distal region of the flagellomere, circumfila appressed, with two whorls connected by a small ring at the lateral surface (Fig. 5B); female antennae with 38 flagellomeres, barrel-shaped, stalk smaller than in male (Fig. 5C), circumfila as in male; in both sexes: first and second flagellomeres not fused; all flagellomeres with same length, except for the two first and the two last, more elongated then the other; apical process present in the last segment, and last flagellomere fused with the preceding at least in female (Fig. 5D). Wings: hyaline with scales on veins (Fig. 2B); length 2.2 – 3.9 mm in male (N=21); 2.8 – 4.0 mm in female (N=21).</p>
            <p> Male abdomen: Tergites and sclerites as in  F. brasiliensis sp. nov. (see Fig. 2C). Terminalia (Figs. 3B and 3C): cerci bilobed, each lobe triangular at tip, with 5-6 prominent caudal setae; hypoproct lobes cylindrical, lobes divided only about ¼ of their length, each lobe narrow with rounded tip, an apical setae present in each lobe; aedeagus slender, cylindrical, and as long as hypoproct; gonocoxite oblong, with a conspicuous apicoventral lobe and a mediobasal lobe round, shorter than aedeagus, lobes divided at base, and completely covered with microtrichia; gonocoxite setae mainly on distal part of dorsal surface and scattered over lateral and ventral surfaces; gonostylus clavate (Fig. 3C) with a curved, stout, one pointed apical tooth. Setation as in Fig. 3B. Female abdomen: Tergites and sclerites as for  F.brasiliensis sp. nov. Ovipositor (Fig. 3E): telescoped, protrusible portion of ovipositor, including cerci, about 1.6 time longer than 8 th sternite, with microtrichia in dense transverse rows; cercus fused, setae scattered sparsely apically; hypoproct short, cylindrical, with microtrichia densely distributed. </p>
            <p>Pupa and larva: Unknown</p>
            <p> Gall and Biology. The gall morphology and the gall midge biology are similar to those described above for  F. brasiliensis , except that: the host plant is  Ficus caatingae collected in Boa Nova municipality, galls of  Ficiomyia caatinga sp. n. are parasitized by females of undescribed species of  Physothorax (  Torymidae : Chalcidoidea) and  Sycophila (  Eurytomidae : Chalcidoidea). </p>
            <p> Type material. Holotype – Male [permanent slide] (deposited in MZSP); Brazil: Bahia, Boa Nova (14°23’S; 40°8’W), collected on July 5, 2019; emerged on July 8, 2019, from syconia of  Ficus caatingae R.M.Castro (  Moraceae ), Barros, L.O. col.; Paratypes. The same data of the holotype, 01 male, and 01 female, emerged on July 6, 2019 [in permanent slides] (deposited in MZSP). Additional material examined: Same data of holotype, 20 males, 14 females [in ethanol 70%] and 01 male, 07 females emerged on July 8, 2019. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The name  caatinga , a noun in apposition is based on the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, completely circumscribed in the Northeast region, including the state of Bahia, where the studied specimens were collected. </p>
            <p> Remarks.  Ficiomyia brasiliensis and  F. caatinga presented the diagnostic characters of  Ficiomyia , large number of antennal segments with different numbers in males and females, palpus 3-segmented, with first and second not fused, and, in males, the gonocoxite possess a conspicuous apicoventral lobe and the hypoproct range since slightly to very deeply bilobed. </p>
            <p> The main differences between the new species andFiciomyia  perarticulata lie in the characters of wing (Fig. 2), male terminalia (Figs. 3 A-C), and ovipositor (Figs. 3D and 3E). In  Ficiomyia perarticulata the wings are maculated; in the new species they are completely hyaline. The male terminalia ofF.  perarticulata has hypoproct lobes divided at the base, with each lobe narrow with the apex round. In  F. brasiliensis , the hypoproct lobes are divided about ½ of their length, each lobe is triangular-shaped, and in  F.caatinga only about ¼ of their length, each lobe is narrow with a rounded tip.The mesobasal lobes also have different shapes; round in  F. perarticulata , semicircular inF.  brasiliensis , and cylindrical inF.  caatinga . The cerci of  F. caatinga have a unique triangular shape, and the apex of the apicoventral lobes round, while in  F. perarticulata and  F.brasiliensis the cerci and the apicoventral lobes apexes are round. Regarding the ovipositor, the protrusible region is 2.0 times longer than sternite 8 in  F. brasiliensis (Fig. 3D), and 1.5 time longer in  F. caatinga (Fig. 3E). In  F. perarticulata the ovipositor is described as “slightly longer”. Finally, the comparison of the body and wing R5 vein length reveals that the new Brazilian species are larger than  F. perarticulata . </p>
            <p> Ficiomyia perarticulata has the distribution recorded to Florida (EUA), but Roskam and Nadel (1990) inferred that it could be distributed in Brazil due to the presence of specimens of  Physothorax reared from big, stalked galls in syconia of F.doliaria Mart.[=  Ficus gomelleira Kunth] in this country.With our results, we confirm the presence of the genus  Ficiomyia in Brazil, associated with twoFicus species, and parasitoidized by females of  Physothorax sp. AlthoughFiciomyia insects are not frequently observed in field, their association with a typic fig wasp group (i.e.,  Physothorax ) and their specialized life history (i.e., gall makers) suggest that this gall midge group shares evolutionary history with fig trees. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/650787E5620EFFC3EC4AF8D20275249B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia;Pereira, Leví Oliveira Barros Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo	Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia, Pereira, Leví Oliveira Barros Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo (2024): Two new species of Ficiomyia Felt (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with species of Ficus L. (Moraceae) in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20240060) 68 (4): 1-7, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2024-0060, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2024-0060
