identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6512879BFFD3082F988F8069FD1B45F4.text	6512879BFFD3082F988F8069FD1B45F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sididae Baird 1850	<div><p>Family Sididae Baird, 1850</p><p>Diaphanosoma dubium Manuilova, 1964 . An abundant planktonic species, found in November in lakes Dazong, Qili and Tou, and also in some smaller lakes and ponds (N8, N11, N13–16, N18–21), dominant in some planktonic samples. Not found in January; in March few specimens were found in Hushan Lake (M15). Widespread in South-East and East Asia, distributed north up to the Amur/ Heilongjiang River basin, common in China (Xiang et al. 2015; Korovchinsky 2018; Liu et al. 2018; Dumont et al. 2021).</p><p>Diaphanosoma macrophthalma Korovchinsky &amp; Mirabdullaev, 1995 . Planktonic species, found only in November in lakes Dazong and Qili, and in some ponds and channels (N11–13). It is always less abundant than D. dubium . Widespread in Central and East Asia from Uzbekistan to Japan (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), it penetrates south to North-East Thailand (Korovchinsky &amp; Sanoamuang 2008).</p><p>Diaphanosoma orghidani transamurensis Korovchinsky, 1986 . Planktonic species, found only in November in lakes Gaoyou, Dazong, Luoma and Weishan, and in some smaller water bodies (N11, N18, N21). The taxon is distributed in East Asia from the Amur basin to the Philippines and North Vietnam (Liu et al. 2018; Dumont et al. 2021).</p><p>Sida ortiva Korovchinsky, 1979 . Littoral species, associated with vegetation; specimens are able to attach themselves to a substrate. Common in all seasons, in January it becomes subdominant species in overgrown littoral. Few males were found in November in localities N7 and N10. East Asian species, distributed from East Siberia to Bangladesh and South Vietnam (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). The presence of this species in East China was confirmed only recently (Dadykin et al. 2023); all earlier records of Sida from the region were attributed to S. crystallina (O. F. Müller, 1776) (Xiang et al. 2015) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFD3082F988F8069FD1B45F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDC0820988F85D4FE0A454B.text	6512879BFFDC0820988F85D4FE0A454B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Daphniidae Straus 1820	<div><p>Family Daphniidae Straus, 1820</p><p>Ceriodaphnia cornuta Sars, 1885 . An abundant planktonic species, found only in November, in all studied lakes, is dominant in some plankton samples; ephhippial females and males were present in most localities. Taxon of unclear status, presumed to be a pantropical species group (Sharma &amp; Kotov, 2013), common in southern regions of China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Ceriodaphnia laticaudata P.E. Müller, 1867 . Planktonic species, found only once in November in a ditch near Gaotang Lake (N23), it was very abundant there, ephippial females and males were present. Widely distributed Holarctic species, penetrating South up to Vietnam (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), is common in China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Ceriodaphnia pulchella Sars, 1862 . Planktonic species, few parthenogenetic females were found in samples from Weishan Lake in November. Widely distributed Holarctic species (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), common in China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (O.F. Müller, 1785) . Planktonic species, few parthenogenetic females were found in the park pond near Lake Tou in November. Widely distributed Holarctic species (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), common in China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Daphnia (Daphnia) galeata Sars, 1863 . Common planktonic species, found in all large lakes, except Lake Tou, and in smaller water bodies, not abundant in November, very abundant and usually dominant in January and March. Few males and ephippial females were present in some November samples; January and March samples contained only parthenogenetic females. A widespread Palearctic species common in China (Xiang et al. 2015; Huang et al. 2022).</p><p>Daphnia (Daphnia) obtusa Kurz, 1875 . Planktonic species, found in January in Zhaoyong, Hongze and Dazong lakes, and in March in Zhaoyong, Qili and Hushan lakes. Only parthenogenetic females were found in January, numerous ephippial females and males were present in March. A widespread Palearctic species or species complex (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p><p>Daphnia (Daphnia) sinevi Kotov, Ishida &amp; Taylor, 2006 (Fig. 2A–C). The first record for China. Planktonic species, found in March only, in littoral samples from lakes Dazong, Gaoyou, Hongze and Weishan, it was not present in pelagic samples. The species is known from the Far East of Russia (Khabarovsk and Primorsky Areas), where it is common in small water bodies – pools, ponds and floodplain lakes (see Kotov et al. 2006; Garibian &amp; Kotov 2020; Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p><p>Scapholeberis smirnovi Garibian, Neretina, Taylor &amp; Kotov 2020 . Neustonic species, abundant in samples from overgrown littoral in November in most lakes, absent in January, and few, mostly juvenile specimens were found in March. S. smirnovi is known from the Russian Far East, Korea, and Japan (Garibian et al. 2020), presence of the species in East China was confirmed only recently (Dadykin et al. 2023), all earlier record of Scapholeberis from the region were attributed to S. kingi Sars, 1903 (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Simocephalus (Echinocaudus) exspinosus (De Geer, 1778) A littoral phytophilous species, found only in November, in Dazong Lake and several ponds. S. exspinosus is a widely distributed species (Orlova-Bienkowskaja 2001; Korovchinsky et al. 2021b) occurring in North and South Eurasia, Africa, Australia, recorded in east China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Simocephalus (Simocephalus) mixtus Sars, 1903 .A phytophilous species common in the overgrown littoral zone of studied lakes during all seasons, especially abundant in ponds. Few ephippial females were found in November in ponds near Tou Lake (N7, N8). A cosmopolitan species found in North Eurasia, East Asia, North Africa and North America. The presence of the species in East China was confirmed only recently (Dadykin et al. 2023), the species was probably recorded earlier as S. vetuloides Sars, 1898 (see Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Simocephalus (Coronocephalus) serrulatus (Koch, 1841) . Littoral phytophilous species found in Tou Lake and nearby ponds in November and March, it was also found in Zhaoyang Lake in March. The species is presumed to be distributed worldwide (Orlova-Bienkowskaja 2001; Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). In China, widely distributed, but rare (Xiang et al. 2015)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDC0820988F85D4FE0A454B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDE0822988F804FFB56448B.text	6512879BFFDE0822988F804FFB56448B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bosminidae Baird, 1845 sensu Sars 1865	<div><p>Family Bosminidae Baird, 1845 sensu Sars, 1865</p><p>Bosmina (Sinobosmina) fatalis Burckhardt, 1924 . Most common planktonic species in the studied material, found in all eight large lakes, very abundant and usually dominant in plankton samples in November, less numerous in January and March. Few males and ephippial females were present in some November samples, January and March samples contained only parthenogenetic females. B. fatalis is an East Asian species distributed from the Russian Far East to South-East Asia (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p><p>Bosminopsis zernowi Linko, 1901 . Planktonic species found in November only, in Tou and Weishan lakes, and in smaller water bodies (N13, N18–20), never numerous in studied samples. The species is widespread in North Eurasia, including China (Garibian et al. 2021a). B. zernowi was previously recorded in China as B. deitersi Richard, 1895 (Xiang et al. 2015), the latter taxon shown to be distributed in America only.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDE0822988F804FFB56448B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDE0822988F87C7FE3646BE.text	6512879BFFDE0822988F87C7FE3646BE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilyocryptidae Smirnov 1976	<div><p>Family Ilyocryptidae Smirnov, 1976</p><p>Ilyocryptus raridentatus Smirnov, 1989 . Benthic species, found in Yingzhow Lake in November. I. raridentatus is widely distributed in Australia and East Asia (Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, East China, Japan and South Korea) and penetrates north to the Far East of Russia (Dadykin et al., 2024). In China it was recorded only recently (Dadykin et al. 2023), it was probably confused with other species of the genus by previous researchers.</p><p>Ilyocryptus spinifer Herrick, 1882 . Benthic species found in November only, in Dazong Lake (N3) and in ponds near Tou Lake (N7, N8). The species is distributed worldwide, except the west Palearctic, it is very common in tropics and subtropics, and more rare in temperate regions (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). The species is common in East Asia, including China (Kotov et al., 2024; Xiang et al. 2015).</p><p>Ilyocryptus yooni Jeong, Kotov &amp; Lee, 2012 . The species was found in March in open water plankton sample from Qili Lake. The sample was taken during a strong wind, and the water was very turbid. The species was not present in samples from macrophytes or open littoral, so we assume that it inhabits bottom sediments at a certain depth. The species is recorded from the Far East of Russia, Japan, Korea and North and East China and Vietnam (Jeong et al., 2012; Kotov et al. 2024), Hainan Island (Sinev et al. 2015) and mountainous regions of Malaysian Borneo (Sinev &amp; Yusoff 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDE0822988F87C7FE3646BE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDE0822988F84D0FB74403B.text	6512879BFFDE0822988F84D0FB74403B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrothricidae Norman & Brady 1867	<div><p>Family Macrothricidae Norman &amp; Brady, 1867</p><p>Macrothrix rosea (Jurine, 1820) . Littoral phytophilous species, rare in the studied material, found in November only, in a pond near Zhaoyang Lake (N12) and in Yingzhow lake (N19). Boreal species, widely distributed in North Eurasia (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), common in North and Central China (see Ji et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDE0822988F84D0FB74403B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDE0822988F85D4FB734347.text	6512879BFFDE0822988F85D4FB734347.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moinidae Goulden 1968	<div><p>Family Moinidae Goulden, 1968</p><p>Moina micrura Kurz, 1874 . A common planktonic species occurring in most studied lakes in November only, ephippial females and males were present in most samples. M. micrura is a cosmopolitan species complex (Petrusek et al. 2004), rather common in East and South-East Asia, including China (Xiang et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDE0822988F85D4FB734347	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDE0827988F825EFE6947E0.text	6512879BFFDE0827988F825EFE6947E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aloninae Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 sensu Frey 1967	<div><p>Subfamily Aloninae Dybowski &amp; Grochowski, 1894 sensu Frey, 1967</p><p>Alona kotovi Sinev, 2012 . Rare in studied material, found in November only in Yingzhow Lake (N20). A. kotovi inhabits water bodies of various types with a muddy bottom (Sinev 2012). The species is recorded in the Indo-Malaysian Region, South Korea, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei and Yunnan Provinces of China (Sinev, 2016; Sinev et al. 2020; Dadykin et al. 2023). Earlier records of Alona s. str. from East China (Ji et al. 2015) were attributed to</p><p>Palearctic A. quadrangularis (O.F. Müller, 1776), but all the populations from Central China probably belong to A. kotovi .</p><p>Camptocercus uncinatus Smirnov, 1971 . A littoral phytophilous species, present in littoral zone of lakes, frequent in November, less numerous in January and March, predominantly occurred in lakes. C. uncinatus is distributed in southern Europe, Israel, Iraq, Egypt, Ethiopia, Rift Valley of Africa, South-West and East Siberia and Korea (Sinev 2014), and North-East Thailand (Tiang-Nga et al. 2020). In China, the species was recorded in Hainan, Hunan, Hubei and Yunnan Provinces (Dadykin et al. 2023, Sinev et al. 2020). The most frequently reported species of Camptocercus in China is C. australis Sars, 1896 (Ji et al. 2015) but this species is confined to Australia (Sinev 2015), and all these records most probably belong to C. uncinatus as well.</p><p>Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana Sinev, Lee &amp; Kotov, 2022 (Fig. 2D–H). Littoral species, associated with vegetation, it is rather rare, found in all seasons in Dazong Lake, in November in Zhaoyang lake, and in March in Hushan lake (M14, M15). The first record for China, so far it was known only from terra typica, Jeju Island, South Korea (Sinev et al. 2022). The species can be easily confused with C. (C.) rectangula, common in Central China.</p><p>Female. Morphology of studied populations agrees well with that from initial description of the species. Chinese populations have a rather low body (Fig. 2D), antenna with extremely long spines (Fig. 2F), setae of inner distal lobe of thoracic limb I of a characteristic morphology (Fig. 2G) and postabdomen of a characteristic shape (Fig. 2H) armed with groups of short elementary denticles, The only difference between Jeju and Chinese populations concerns the morphology of setulae on the postero-ventral angle of valves, in Chinese populations they are differentiated, forming several groups (Fig. 2E), while in populations from Jeju they are completely uniform (Sinev et al. 2022).</p><p>Male. The length of a single studied specimen was 0.31 mm, height was 0.17 mm. Body (Fig. 2I) low oval, with maximum height before midline, lower than in female, height/length ratio about 0.54. Ocellus and eye larger than in female.</p><p>Postabdomen (Fig. 2J) short, with almost parallel margins in anal portion, narrowing distally in postanal portion, dorso-distal angle not defined. Ventro-distal angle well-defined, obtuse. Sperm duct openings located ventrally almost at the end of postabdomen. Preanal angle is well-defined, postanal angle is not defined. Distal part of postabdomen 1.5 times longer than proximal part. The preanal, anal portion is 1.5 times longer than the postanal one. Clusters of short setulae in place of marginal denticles, lateral fascicles of setulae wider and located more close to each other than in female. Postabdominal claw shorter than that of females, with four-five strong spines on the inner side. Basal spine long and thin, about 0.3–0.4 length of claw.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 2K) thicker than in female, with 10 terminal and 2 lateral aesthetascs. Lateral aestetascs of unequal length, about 2/3 and 1/2 length of the antennule. Male seta arising at 2/3 length from tip, about 1/3 of antennule length. A single cluster of long setulae is located on the anterior face of the antenna.</p><p>Thoracic limb I (Fig. 2L–N) with a short U-shaped copulatory hook 25 times shorter than limb itself. Copulatory brush present, copulatory brush seta short. Ventral face of limb below them with double row of numerous short thick setulae. Inner distal lobe without seta 1; setae 2 and 3 much shorter and thinner than in female, armed with moderately thick setulae; male seta curved, a little longer or as long as seta 2.</p><p>Males of C. (C.) jejuana differ from males of C. (C.) rectangula (see descriptions in Sinev 2020, Sinev et al. 2020) in shape of postabdomen, in unequal in length lateral aestetascs of antenna, and in IDL seta 3 without strong spine. C. (C.) jejuana can be easily confused with C. (C.) rectangula, so it is possible that this species is widely distributed in Central and North China.</p><p>Coronatella rectangula (Sars, 1862) . Common littoral phytophilous species, abundant in all seasons. Few males and ephippial females were present in November only. Predominantly Palearctic species, distributed from Spain to Far East of Russia, common in China. In East Asia, the species penetrates south up to Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo, but the Southeast Asian populations differ slightly from those of the Palearctic in that they have narrower postabdomen, probably presenting species-complex (Sinev et al. 2015). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Coronatella trachistriata (Chen, Zhang &amp; Liu, 1994) . The species was found in March in open water plankton sample from Qili Lake, sample was taken during strong wind, water was very turbid. The species was not present in samples from macrophytes or open littoral, so we presume it inhabit bottom sediments. Morphology of found specimens was studied in details by Sinev et al. (2024). This rare species was previously known from Jiangxi, Shandong, and Anhui Provinces of China (Ji et al, 2015), Hainan Island (Sinev et al. 2015), and from Far East of Russia (Kotov et al. 2011; Garibian et al. 2019).</p><p>Euryalona orientalis (Daday, 1898) . Littoral phytophilous species, rare in studied material, several parthenogenetic females (Fig. 3A–B) and a single ephippial female (Fig. 3C) were found in November in Dazong Lake (N3). Presumably a pantropical species, common in Indo-Malaysian region (Rajapaksa &amp; Fernando, 1986; Sinev, 2016) and South China (Ji et al, 2015). This is the most northern occurrence of the species in East Asia, it was previously found in Wuhan area, Hubei province (Dadykin et al. 2023).</p><p>Flavalona costata (Sars, 1862) . Common littoral phytophilous species, abundant in all seasons. Few males and ephippial females were present in November and January, but most populations were always composed of parthenogenetic females. Palearctic species, in East Asia penetrating south to Hainan Island and North-East Thailand (Sinev 2016). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Graptoleberis testudinaria (Fischer, 1851) . The species is associated with submerged macrophytes, found in November and January in Weishan lake among macrophytes, and in January in Biamu lake (J16). The species is described from North Europe, recorded worldwide, probably forming a species complex. In Eurasia, species is common in cold and temperate regions, rather rare in tropics (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Kurzia latissima (Kurz, 1875) . Found in November in Gaotang Lake (N21) and in a ditch near Gaotang lake (N22). Predominantly Palaearctic species, characteristic for small and temporary waterbodies (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). Uncommon in China (Ji et al. 2015)</p><p>Monospilus dispar Sars, 1862 . Few specimens were found in November in open littoral sample from Luoma Lake. M. dispar is associated with sandy littoral. The species is recorded worldwide, and probably represents a species complex. In Eurasia, M. dispar is common in cold and temperate regions, rather rare in tropics (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p><p>Nicsmirnovius eximius (Kiser, 1948) . A rheophilous species, commonly encountered in rivers and streams, also occurring in littoral zone of large lakes. Found in November only, in open or sparsely vegetated littoral of the lakes, no males or ephippial females were present. N. eximius is predominantly a tropical species, common in South-East Asia, extending northward to Central China (Ji et al. 2015; Dadykin et al. 2023).</p><p>Nedorhynchotalona chiangi Kotov &amp; Sinev, 2011 . The species was found in March in open water plankton sample from Qili Lake, sample was taken during strong wind, water was very turbid. Species was not present in samples from macrophytes or open littoral, so we presume it inhabit bottom sediments. Morphology of found specimens was studied in details by Sinev et al. (2024). Species is distributed from Amur basin in Russia to South China (Ji et al, 2015).</p><p>Ovalona cambouei (Guerne &amp; Richard, 1893) . Littoral species, rare in studied material, parthenogenetic females were found in November in Dazong lake. O. cambouei is widely distributed in Paleotropics, common in Central and South China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Oxyurella tenuicaudis (Sars, 1862) . Littoral phytophilous species, rare in studied material, found in November in a pond near Tou Lake (N8), Yingzhow lake (N20) and Gaotang lake (N21). Predominantly Palearctic species (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), common in North and East China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Prendalona guttata (Sars, 1862) . Littoral phytophilous species, present in littoral samples in all seasons, never abundant, only parthenogenetic females were found. Species presumed to be cosmopolitan, probably a species-complex, in Eurasia, common in cold and temperate regions, rare in tropics (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDE0827988F825EFE6947E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDB0826988F8375FB7747E0.text	6512879BFFDB0826988F8375FB7747E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chydorinae Dybowski & Grochowski 1894	<div><p>Subfamily Chydorinae Dybowski &amp; Grochowski, 1894</p><p>Alonella excisa (Fischer, 1854) . Littoral phytophilous species, rare in the studied material, few specimens were found in November in Yingzhow Lake, in January in Dazong Lake, and in March in lakes Dazong, Hvshan and Qili. Species group is presumably cosmopolitan (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b), common in temperate and subtropical regions, rare in tropics. Common in China (Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Chydorus cf. biovatus Frey 1985 (fig. 3 D–G). Eurybiotic littoral species, sometimes encountered in pelagic zone. Most abundant littoral species in all seasons, frequently dominant in littoral samples. Single male was found in January in Biamu lake (J16), ephippial females were present in samples from both January and March. Ch. cf. biovatus belongs to Chydorus sphaericus species complex. Species of the sphaericus -complex in Eurasia have identical morphology of parthenogenetic females, but might be distinguished by male and ephippial female morphology (Belyaeva &amp; Taylor 2009; Klimovsky &amp; Kotov, 2015; Kotov et al. 2016). Males of Chydorus cf. biovatus were found by Dadykin et al. (2023) in Hunan Province in spring. Male from our material (Fig. 3D) had a rounded rostrum (Fig, 3E), labrum with elongate acute apex (Fig. 3F) and postabdomen with weakly developed preanal angle and claw without basal spine (Fig. 3G) typical of the species. Ch. biovatus s. str. is widely distributed in Nearctic, but populations with a similar morphology were reported from Yakutia and Kamchatka (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). Our data suggest that all Chydorus cf. sphaericus populations from Central China belong to C. cf. biovatus .</p><p>Disparalona (Mixopleuroxus) chappuisi Brehm, 1934 . Littoral substrate-associated species, abundant in studied material in both November and January. Few males and ephippial females were found in November, but only gamogenetic speciemens were present in January. Morphology of male of studied population (Fig. 3H–K) is similar to that reported for populations from South Korea (see Neretina et al. 2018). The species is known from Africa and tropical Asia, in East Asia penetrating north to Far East of Russia (Neretina et al. 2018). Populations of D. chappuisi from East and South-East Asia, including those from China (see Ji et al. 2015; Sinev et al. 2015) were recorded as D. hamata Birge, 1879, but recent revision clarified its status (Neretina et al. 2018).</p><p>Disparalona (Disparalona) ikarus Kotov &amp; Sinev, 2011 . Littoral species, encountered in both open littoral and vegetated area of lakes during all seasons, never numerous in studied samples. No gamogenetic speciemens were found. Species is distributed from Amur River basin to Hainan Island and North-East Thailand (Korovchinsky et al. 2021a). In continental China, the species was recorded from Yunnan, Hunan and Hubei Provinces (Sinev et al. 2020; Dadykin et al. 2023). Earlier Disparalona s. str. records from China were attributed to D. (D). rostrata (Koch, 1841) (Ji et al. 2015), but actually all populations from China probably belong to D. (D). ikarus .</p><p>Pleuroxus (Picripleuroxus) laevis (Sars, 1862) . Littoral phytophilous species, present in littoral samples in all seasons, never numerous. No gamogenetic specimens were found. Predominantly a Palearctic species, common in temperate regions of Eurasia, rare in Paleotropics; in East Asia penetrates south to Malaysian peninsula (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p><p>Pleuroxus (Picripleuroxus) quasidenticulatus (Smirnov, 1996) . Species associated with abundant macrophytes in the littoral zone of most lakes. Few males and ephippial females were found in November, but only gamogenetic specimens were present in January and March. Distributed in Central, East and South-East Asia and Australia (Korovchinsky et al., 2021b). In China, the species was recorded predominantly as P. assimilis Brady, 1906 (Sinev &amp; Sanoamuang 2013; Ji et al. 2015).</p><p>Pleuroxus (Pleuroxus) aduncus (Jurine, 1820) . Littoral species, associated with vegetation, found only in March in Weishan lake and Hushan lake (M15); quite numerous in both lakes, only parthenogentic females were present. Palearctic species (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b). Common in China, but some records, especially from South part, can be unreliable (Ji et al., 2015).</p><p>Pseudochydorus bopingi Sinev, Garibian &amp; Gu, 2016 . Littoral species, feeding on microcrustacean remains, occurs mostly in the littoral samples with high density of other Cladocera . The species was found in November, in Dazong lake and in ponds and channels near Zhaoyang lake (N12–14), only parthenogenetic females were present. A single juvenile specimen was found in March in Gaoyou lake (M2). The species is known from Central and South China, Thailand and Vietnam (Dadykin et al., 2023). Earlier Pseudochydorus records from China were attributed to P. globosus (Ji et al. 2015), but all populations from East China probably belong to P. bopingi .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDB0826988F8375FB7747E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
6512879BFFDA0826988F836FFB3B44D3.text	6512879BFFDA0826988F836FFB3B44D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptodoridae Lilljeborg 1861	<div><p>Family Leptodoridae Lilljeborg, 1861</p><p>Leptodora richardi Korovchinsky, 2009 . Predatory pelagic plankton species. The species was found only in November, in pelagic samples from Dazong Lake and Tou Lake, only parthenogenetic females were present. East Asian species, distributed from Far East of Russia to South-East China (Korovchinsky et al. 2021b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6512879BFFDA0826988F836FFB3B44D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sinev, Artem Y.;Liu, Ping;Gu, Yangliang;Han, Bo-Ping	Sinev, Artem Y., Liu, Ping, Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2025): Autumn, winter and spring fauna of Cladocera in lakes and reservoirs of Jiangsu province, East China. Zootaxa 5722 (2): 229-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.2.4
