identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
77A761D0ECBD4FD061326B649B43DAFB.text	77A761D0ECBD4FD061326B649B43DAFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thismia (Thismia) (sect. Thismia) (subsect. Odoardoa) Schltr. 1921	<div><p>A checklist of  Thismia subg. Thismia sect. Thismia subsect. Odoardoa Schltr., 1921 .</p><p>Type species: —  Thismia aseroe Becc., 1878 .</p><p>Species included:</p><p>1)  T. alba Holttum ex Jonker, 1948 .</p><p>2)  T. aliasii Siti-Munirah, 2025 . (this study)</p><p>3)  T. annamensis K. Larsen &amp; Aver., 2007 .</p><p>4)  T. aseroe Becc., 1878 .</p><p>5)  T. bifida M. Hotta, 1967 .</p><p>6)  T. bryndonii Tsukaya, Suetsugu &amp; Suleiman, 2017 .</p><p>7)  T. chrysops Ridl., 1895 .</p><p>8)  T. claviformis Chantanaorr. &amp; J. Wai, 2016 .</p><p>9)  T. cornuta Hroneš, Sochor &amp; Dančák, 2018 .</p><p>10)  T. domei Siti-Munirah, 2019 .</p><p>11)  T. filiformis Chantanaorr., 2012 .</p><p>12)  T. fumida Ridl., 1890 .</p><p>13)  T. grandiflora Ridl., 1895 .</p><p>14)  T. hexagona Dančák, Hroneš, Kobrlová &amp; Sochor, 2013 .</p><p>T. hexagona var. grandiflora Tsukaya, Suleiman &amp; H. Okada, 2014 .</p><p>15)  T. inconspicua Sochor &amp; Dančák, 2017 .</p><p>16)  T. kinabaluensis T. Nishioka &amp; Suetsugu, 2018 .</p><p>17)  T. lauriana Jarvie, 1996 .</p><p>18)  T. malayana Siti-Munirah, Hardy-Adrian, Mohamad-Shafiq &amp; Irwan-Syah, 2024 .</p><p>19)  T. mullerensis Tsukaya &amp; H. Okada, 2005 .</p><p>20)  T. ophiuris Becc., 1878 .</p><p>21)  T. ornata Dančák, Hroneš &amp; Sochor, 2020 .</p><p>22)  T. pallida Hroneš, Dančák &amp; Rejzek, 2018 .</p><p>23)  T. racemosa Ridl., 1915 .</p><p>Ten species of the subsection occur in Peninsular Malaysia ( T. alba,  T. aseroe,  T. chrysops,  T. domei,  T. fumida,  T. grandiflora,  T. malayana T. ornata,  T. racemosa and  T. aliasii), with five of them ( T. alba,  T. aliasii,  T. aseroe,  T. domei and  T. ornata) occurring in the state of Terengganu. Whereas most of these species are characterized by tepal appendages equal in size and shape, in  T. aliasii the appendages of the inner tepals are longer than those of the outer tepals. In addition, the stamen connectives laterally raised to form a conspicuous interstaminal rib are a unique feature of  T. aliasii that is not found in the other species of T. subsect.  Odoardoa .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/77A761D0ECBD4FD061326B649B43DAFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh;Mohamad Alias, Shakri	Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh, Mohamad Alias, Shakri (2025): Thismia aliasii (Thismiaceae), a new species from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys 254: 175-188, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.254.136085
5A527BBD3783531E8BDE11ED7CC76107.text	5A527BBD3783531E8BDE11ED7CC76107.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thismia aliasii Siti-Munirah 2025	<div><p>Thismia aliasii Siti-Munirah sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5, 6</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Thismia aliasii is very similar to the species of the T. subsection  Odoardoa, as the tepals are the same in shape and size. However, the tepal appendages of the new species are of unequal length, the inner ones are longer than the outer ones, while the tepal appendages of the other species are of equal length. In addition, in the new species the margins of the individual connectives are raised abaxially into the conspicuous rib, whereas connectives are almost flat abaxially in the rest of the species.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Malaysia. • Peninsular Malaysia: Terengganu, Hulu Terengganu District, Hutan Simpan Pasir Raja, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.98295&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.659222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.98295/lat 4.659222)">Chemerong Forest Eco Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.98295&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.659222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.98295/lat 4.659222)">Gunung Chemerong</a>, 4°39'33.2"N, 102°58'58.6"E, elev. ca 640 m, 26 July 2023, Siti-Munirah, FRI 79119 (holotype KEP!, spirit collection, barcode no. SC 13201)  .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Achlorophyllous herb, up to ca. 11 cm tall, mostly glabrous (where not stated otherwise). Roots vermiform, unbranched, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, light brown. Stem erect, up to 56 mm long, 1.8–2 mm in diameter, white-cream to light brown, bearing 1–2 flowers. Leaves up to 5, spirally arranged (arranged denser at stem base and looser at apex), triangular to narrowly triangular (shorter at stem base and longer and narrower at stem apex), scale-like, apex pointed, margin almost entire to slightly irregularly serrate, up to 7 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide at base, colored similar to stem. Flowers terminal and solitary, or in 2 - flowered terminal inflorescence, actinomorphic, ca. 58 mm long (including ovary, floral tube, tepals and tepal appendages when erected). Involucral bracts 3, similar to upper leaves, triangular to narrowly triangular, scale-like, acute, with entire margin, 8 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm wide at base, white-brownish / light brown. Pedicel to 1.5 mm long at anthesis, to ca. 4 mm long after anthesis, white-brownish. Floral tube obovoid funnel-shaped, 20 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide at base, ca. 8 mm wide at middle, ca. 10 mm wide distally; outer surface with minute glands, orange to sepia-brown, with 12 darker longitudinal ribs; inner surface smooth or rough, almost similar color to the outer surface, with transverse bars. Tepals 6, free, spreading, triangular, apex acute, 7 mm long, ca. 1–1.5 mm wide (ca. 1.5 mm at base), smooth, color similar to flower tube (dark brown at apex, yellow-orange at back), each apically bearing a tentacle-like appendage 0.5 mm wide and narrowing towards the apex; appendage of outer tepal up to 3.5 mm long, dark brown; appendage of inner tepal ca. 26–32 mm long, brownish. Annulus moderately raised, hexagonal in outline, ca. 6 mm in diameter, with ring width ca 1.5 mm, brown-orange, aperture ca. 3 mm in diameter. Stamens 6, pendulous from annulus; filaments laterally pale orange, otherwise translucent white; connectives broad and flattened, fused laterally into a tube, shortly papillose, translucent white, with hairs around thecae, with margins abaxially raised to form conspicuous ribs along the sutures between the connectives, ribs distally slightly protruding beyond the apex of supraconnective; interstaminal glands conspicuous, placed between bases of lateral appendages; supraconnective with 3 filiform apical appendages (central appendage ca. 2 mm long and paired appendages ca. 2.4 mm long) and with 2 acute hook-like subapical appendages ca. 0.6 mm long positioned adaxially between the apical appendages and the lateral appendage; lateral appendage skirt-like, projecting towards the floral tube and not reaching the supraconnective apex, translucent white and brown on sides, lateral margin wavy. Ovary red, pale cream proximally and blackish distally; unilocular; placentas 3, free, column-like, arising at ovary base; ovules numerous. Style dark blackish-orange, ca. 1.2 mm long; stigma ca. 1.4 mm long, papillose, 3 - lobed, erect, lobes ± rectangular, bifurcate at the apex, black-greenish. Fruit dehiscent, cup-shaped, ca. 6 mm high, ca. 7 mm in diameter, pale brownish, darker in the upper part. Seeds long fusiform ca. 0.75 mm long, ca. 0.25 mm wide.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>Malaysia. • Peninsular Malaysia: Terengganu, Hulu Terengganu District, Pasir Raja FR,  Chemerong Forest Eco Park,  Gunung Chemerong, elev. ca 642 m, 3 October 2019, Mohamad Alias, FRI 91119 (KEP spirit collection, barcode no. SC 13202) ;  elev. ca 640 m, 26 July 2023, Siti-Munirah, FRI 79167 (KEP spirit collection, barcode no. SC 13203) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Endemic to Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Currently only known from the type locality, Gunung Chemerong (Figs 2, 3, 7).</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>The species inhabits moist shady areas of upper hill dipterocarp forest on moist soil at elevation of 640 m a. s. l. Flowering and fruiting recorded in July and October. The population was found in moist, shaded areas next to the main hiking trail to the summit of Gunung Chemerong Berembun Langsir at altitudes of 640 m above sea level. The species was found a few hundred meters away from the main river.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named after Mr. Alias (the second author), a current ranger of the Terengganu Forestry Department (JPNT), who is also a freelance photographer (known as John Sp) and who was the first to discover the species.</p><p>Conservation status.</p><p>Since 2019, several surveys have been conducted at an area of 4 hectares, but the species was observed only twice, with a total of 5 individuals recorded. The main threat to the population is the degradation of habitat quality due to hiking activities, as the population is found near the main hiking trail which is heavily used by hikers ascending to the summits of Gunung Chemerong Berembun Langsir. Therefore, according to IUCN Red List (IUCN 2024) this species is assessed as Critically Endangered, CR B 2 ab (iii), D. More surveys are needed to determine the population size of the species.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Thismia aliasii is easily recognized within the genus by the combination of the following characters: vermiform roots, almost uniform flower coloration (light to dark orange to sepia-brownish red), inner tepals free from each other, unequal tepal appendages (appendages of the outer tepals being shorter than those of the inner tepals), stamens each with 3 long filiform apical appendages, 2 acute subapical appendages and a lateral appendage, and connectives laterally thickened into conspicuous abaxial interstaminal ribs. Within the infrageneric classification of Kumar et al. (2017),  T. aliasii is assigned here to  Thismia subgenus  Thismia section Thismia subsection Odoardoa Schltr., as long as it has free tepals equal in shape and size. The new species probably belongs to clade 5 defined by Shepeleva et al. (2020), which is characterized by free inner tepals and the presence of appendages of the outer and inner tepals. In addition, the fact that the appendages of the inner tepals are much longer than those of the outer tepals make  T. aliasii similar to  T. neptunis Becc., (Sochor at al. 2018), which belongs to T. subgen.  Thismia sect. Thismia subsect. Brunonithismia Jonker according to Kumar et al. (2017), but was recovered as a member of clade 5 by Shepeleva et al. (2020).</p><p>The connectives of most  Thismia species are usually flat and without any processes abaxially, making  T. aliasii unique not only among T. subsect.  Odoardoa but within the entire genus. The only other exceptions are species from T. sect. Geomitra (Becc.) Kumar &amp; S. W. Gale which have ribs in the center of each stamen but differ by coralliform roots and flower mitre.</p><p>We summarize  Thismia subsect. Odoardoa to comprise 23 species based on the above-mentioned characteristics and following the classifications of Kumar et al. (2017) and Shepeleva et al. (2020) with additions from Chantanaorrapint et al. (2016), Hroneš et al. (2018), Nishioka et al. (2018), Dančák et al. (2020), Siti-Munirah and Dome (2019), Siti-Munirah et al. (2024), Ya et al. (2024):</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A527BBD3783531E8BDE11ED7CC76107	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh;Mohamad Alias, Shakri	Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh, Mohamad Alias, Shakri (2025): Thismia aliasii (Thismiaceae), a new species from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys 254: 175-188, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.254.136085
