identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
972687EE893BFF88FF25F8BB4457FA99.text	972687EE893BFF88FF25F8BB4457FA99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Typhonium parvum Yi F. Li & Qing L. Wang 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Typhonium parvum Yi F. Li &amp; Qing L. Wang ,  sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, 5) </p>
            <p> Typhonium parvum is different from any other Chinese members of  Typhonium with the smallest size of the entire plant, especially inflorescence. Staminodes of  T. parvum are subglobose to slightly angulate, this extraordinary feature is only consistent with  T. subglobosum Hett. &amp; Sookchaloem in Hetterscheid et al. (2001: 48–49), the latter is only reported in Thailand and Cambodia. </p>
            <p>Type: — CHINA. Hainan: Changjiang [ēȗ县], Wangxia [ƚ下乡], Huangdidong [ffiṣfi], in the area of limestone and rocks, 276m, 15th Aug. 2023, Qing L. Wang 2023081576 (holotype BAZI!, isotypes PE!, KUN!, CSH!, ATCH!).</p>
            <p>Perennial herb, underground part a short tuberous rhizome, ca. 0.8–1.0 cm in length, 0.6–0.8 cm in diam., producing annual offsets. Leaf petiole to 4–10 cm in length, 0.8–1.5 mm in diam., smooth, pale green; blade elliptic-ovate to ovate-cordate, 2–6 × 0.9–4.7 cm, entire, base cordate, top acute or ovate, pale green abaxially, green adaxially. Inflorescence simultaneous with developing leaves or after leaf development, peduncle to 2–3 cm in length, 1.0– 1.8 mm in diam., pale green. Spathe 3–4 cm in length, base and limb separated by a constriction; base broadly ovate, convolute, ca. 0.8 cm in length, 0.5–0.8 cm in diam., smooth, pale green to pale purple; limb narrowly elongate triangular, acute, 2.2–3.0 cm in length, base widened to ca. 0.8–1.0 cm, upper part slightly arching forward, outside pale purple or purplish pink, inside whitish. Spadix longer than spathe, 6–8 cm long; female zone shortly conical, 0.5–1.0 mm in length, consisting of 2 whorls of congested flowers; sterile part 4–5 mm in length, with only 1 whorl of neuter flower at base, remaining part naked, smooth, white to pale purple; male zone cylindric to globose, 1.0– 1.5 mm in length, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., flowers congested; appendix filiform, 4–6 cm, 1.5 mm in diam., top acute, brownish purple to pale purple, base truncate, stipitate, stipe 2.5–4.0 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diam., purple to pale purple. Ovaries elongate, slightly obconical, ca. 0.3 mm long, ca. 0.2 mm in diam., unilocular, uni-ovulate, white, stigma sessile, pale purple or white. Anthers butterfly-shaped, yellow; staminodes solitary or 2 or 3 fused with their bases, ca. 0.3 mm in length, ca. 0.2 mm in diam., subglobose to slightly angulate, top tapering, surface minutely verruculate, yellow to orange. Berries elliptic, 3 mm in length, 2 mm in diam., one-seeded. Seeds obconic, ca. 2 mm., yellowish orange.</p>
            <p>  Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Yunnan:  Cultivated in Bazi Botanical Garden , Yu’er Wang [ƚã儿] 652 (BAZI!, in spirit)  ;   Hainan: Changjiang [ēȗ县], Wangxia [ƚ下乡],  Hongshui [DZAEffl], 272 m, on rocks and stone walls of roadside, Qing L. Wang 2023081577 (IBSC!)  ;   Changjiang [ēȗ县], Qing L.  Wang 2011080706, 889 m (ATCH)  ;   Changjiang [ēȗ县], Wangxia [ƚ下乡],  Huangdidong [ffiṣfi], 271 m, 9th Sept. 2021, Qing L. Wang 2021090966 (PE!)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution and habitats: —Known only from Hainan Island, South China, in cracks of limestone and rocks, altitude 276– 889 m. The living tuber of type individual cultivated at Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (Danzhou, Hainan, China) and Bazi Botanical Garden (Mengzi, Yunnan, China).</p>
            <p>Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting from August to October. The leaves wilt in November and the tuber divides into a few small tubers with young shoots. Flowering and fruiting from April to October when in cultivation.</p>
            <p> Etymology:—  Typhonium parvum is named for having a small-sized inflorescence consisted of the smallest neuter flowers in the genus. Its Chinese vernacular name is proposed as “ 小ë头尖 ” (pinyin: Xiǎo Lítóujiān). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/972687EE893BFF88FF25F8BB4457FA99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Yi F.;Wang, Qing L.	Li, Yi F., Wang, Qing L. (2024): Typhonium parvum (Araceae), a new species of Hainan Island, China. Phytotaxa 663 (3): 140-148, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.663.3.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.663.3.3
972687EE893CFF89FF25FF3144F5FCBF.text	972687EE893CFF89FF25FF3144F5FCBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Typhonium Schott 1829	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to species of  Typhonium in China </p>
            <p> 1. In shallow water or water field, sterile zone of spadix fully covered with dimorphic staminodes ...................................................... ................................................................................................................................. ỡDzë头尖  T. flagelliforme (Blume 1837: 134)</p>
            <p>– In field or crack of rocks and limestone, sterile zone of spadix with neuter flowers at the base, rest naked.....................................2</p>
            <p> 2. Underground part a long, cylindric rhizome ........................................................... AE南ë头尖  T. hunanense (Li &amp; Liu 1983: 155)</p>
            <p>– Underground part a short, tuberous rhizome......................................................................................................................................3</p>
            <p> 3. Neuter flowers globose or subglobose ................................................................................................. 小ë头尖  T. parvum ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>– Neuter flowers clavate, fusiform or filiform ......................................................................................................................................4</p>
            <p>4. Spathe limb lanceolate........................................................................................................................................................................5</p>
            <p>– Spathe limb broadly triangular, or basal part triangular and apical part lanceolate ...........................................................................7</p>
            <p> 5. Staminodal flowers present separately above male zone ... 保Ɯë头尖  T. baoshanense Z.L.Dao &amp; H.Li in Dao et al. (2007: 236) </p>
            <p>– Staminodal flowers absent above male zone......................................................................................................................................6</p>
            <p> 6. Neuter flowers clavate to fusiform, white, spathe tube white inside................. aeṿë头尖  T. jinpingense (Wang et al. 2002: 287)</p>
            <p> – Neuter flowers clavate, yellow, purple at base, spathe tube purple inside ........................................................................................... ....................................................................................................... nḃë头尖  T. albidinervium (Tang &amp; Li in Li et al. 1977: 105) </p>
            <p> 7. Lamina entire, or deeply 3-lobed, lobes linear......................................................... 三叶ë头尖  T. trifoliatum (Li et al. 1977: 105)</p>
            <p>– Lamina entire or deeply 3-lobed, lobes ovate to ovate-lanceolate .....................................................................................................8</p>
            <p> 8. Neuter flowers filiform, strongly curled but mostly directed downward and covering most of the female zone................................ ..................................................................................................................................... Ḷñë头尖  T. trilobatum (Schott 1829: 732)</p>
            <p>– Neuter flowers filiform to narrowly fusiform, curved to the same direction .....................................................................................9</p>
            <p> 9. Neuter flowers upcurved ................................................................................. ë头尖  T. blumei (Nicolson &amp; Sivadasan 1981: 494)</p>
            <p> – Neuter flowers downcurved .................................................................................................. aeẑü  T. roxburghii (Schott 1853: 12)</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/972687EE893CFF89FF25FF3144F5FCBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Yi F.;Wang, Qing L.	Li, Yi F., Wang, Qing L. (2024): Typhonium parvum (Araceae), a new species of Hainan Island, China. Phytotaxa 663 (3): 140-148, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.663.3.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.663.3.3
