identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AFDB6FE90FB1D.text	AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AFDB6FE90FB1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brahmaea hearseyi White 1862	<div><p>Brahmaea hearseyi White, 1862</p><p>Figs 1, 17A–B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Vientiane Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.428055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.064444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.428055/lat 19.064444)">Phatang village</a>, mountain forest, 19°03'52"N, 102°25'41"E, 22– 28.04.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Oudomsay Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.97056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.662777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.97056/lat 20.662777)">Oudomsay</a> city, damaged forest on border of the city, 20°39'46"N, 101°58'14"E, 01– 03.05.2016, Spitsyn leg. – 1♀ ; Champasak Province, dry monsoon forest, 14°36'26"N, 105°53'55"E, 04– 09.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 6♂; Attopu Province, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 10– 17.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 15– 16.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Kishida et al. 2020), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), Phongsaly Province, Oudomsay Province, Vientiane Province, Champasak Province, and Attopu Province (this study).</p><p>Remark. The first records from Phongsaly, Oudomsay, Vientiane, Champasak, and Attopu provinces.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AFDB6FE90FB1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AF8BEFC42F86F.text	AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AF8BEFC42F86F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brahmaea wallichii (Gray 1831)	<div><p>Brahmaea wallichii (Gray, 1831)</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D32FFA8FF6AF8BEFC42F86F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFC1FFDD6FA47.text	AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFC1FFDD6FA47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Archaeoattacus malayanus (Kurosawa & Kishida 1984)	<div><p>Archaeoattacus malayanus (Kurosawa &amp; Kishida, 1984)</p><p>Figs 3A, 17E</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Luang Namtha Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.82222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.956945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.82222/lat 20.956945)">Muang Long town</a>, tropical forest, 20°57'25"N, 100°49'20"E, 11– 22.05.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020), Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020), Vientiane Province, Phongsaly Province (Naumann et al. 2016), and Luang Namtha Province (this study).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Luang Namtha Province. (2) Previously, the species was incorrectly recorded as “ Archaeoattacus edwardsii (White, 1859) ” (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020). (3) Naumann et al. (2016) provided Archaeoattacus malayanus ’ distribution map, where three black points indicate the records from northern Laos (Vientiane, Luang Prabang, and Phongsaly provinces), which actually belong to A. malayanus, whereas the black point indicating the records from southern Laos is given incorrectly and probably belongs to Archaeoattacus vietnamensis Naumann, Rougerie &amp; Nässig, 2016 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFC1FFDD6FA47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AF9FFFD76F8F3.text	AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AF9FFFD76F8F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Archaeoattacus vietnamensis Naumann, Rougerie & Nassig 2016	<div><p>Archaeoattacus vietnamensis Naumann, Rougerie &amp; Nässig, 2016</p><p>Figs 3B, 17F</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 17– 19.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ ; the same locality and collectors, 26– 28.07.2023 – 2♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Champasak Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069530, PV069531.</p><p>Remark. The first record from Laos.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AF9FFFD76F8F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFEFDFB63FCC7.text	AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFEFDFB63FCC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Attacus atlas (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Attacus atlas (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Figs 2, 17C–D</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.85777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.9997225" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.85777/lat 14.9997225)">Wopakok Hotel</a>, dry monsoon forest and agricultural landscapes, 14°59'59"N, 105°51'28"E, 04– 06.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Champasak Province, dry monsoon forest, 14°36'26"N, 105°53'55"E, 18– 21.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 4♂; Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.712494&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.360834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.712494/lat 15.360834)">Lamam town</a>, dry monsoon forest, 15°21'39"N, 106°42'45"E, 25– 27.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ ; Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 16– 17.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 2♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Namtha Province, Vientiane Province (Brosch et al. 1999), Luang Prabang Province (Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli &amp; Racheli 2006), Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020), Phongsaly Province, Champasak Province, and Sekong Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069528, PV069529.</p><p>Remark. The first records from Phongsaly, Champasak, and Sekong provinces.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D33FFA9FF6AFEFDFB63FCC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D35FFACFF6AF971FB87FBAF.text	AB0FED073D35FFACFF6AF971FB87FBAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Samia canningi (Hutton 1860)	<div><p>Samia canningi (Hutton, 1860)</p><p>Figs 4A–D, 17G–H</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Oudomsay Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.983055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.647778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.983055/lat 20.647778)">Oudomsay</a> city, tropical forest, 20°38'52"N, 101°58'59"E, 07.05.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Luang Namtha Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.82806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.958055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.82806/lat 20.958055)">Muang Long town</a>, tropical forest, 20°57'29"N, 100°49'41"E, 10– 21.05.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♀ ; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂, 8♀ ; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 02– 05.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂ ; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 29.07– 02.08.2024 – 5♂, 5♀; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.88278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.666388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.88278/lat 21.666388)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°39'59"N, 101°52'58"E, 29.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♀ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Province, and Oudomsay Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069526, PV069527, PV069557– PV069559, PV069602.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Phongsaly, Luang Namtha, and Oudomsay provinces. (2) According to the ruling of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, the species name of Samia canningi (Hutton, 1860) is considered as valid name and must be used when referring to the wild form of Samia ricini (Jones, 1791) (Opinion 2376 (Case 3638) 2016). However, the comparison of the COI sequences revealed no genetic differences between the wild ( S. canningi) and the domestic forms ( S. ricini). (3) In Kishida et al.’s work (2020) the specimen illustration of which was captioned as “ Samia canningi ” clearly belongs to another species (probably, Samia beekei Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2012). Hence, the species of the genus Samia Hübner, [1819] were incorrectly identified in the aforementioned work. (4) The COI sequences of S. canningi from Laos obtained in the present study belong to two groups of haplotypes which differ from each other by 10 nucleotide substitutions (1.5%). The first group of haplotypes is widely distributed from India to China and Thailand, whereas the second one — in Vietnam and northern Laos (Phongsaly Province). The taxonomic status of the latter is unclear and requires further studies. If this lineage has a restricted range including Vietnam and northern Laos and does not sympatrically occur with the other, it should be considered as a separate subspecies. The second genetic lineage of S. canningi shows 0.6% COI divergence from Samia fulva Jordan, 1911 from the Andaman Islands ( Samia lunula fulva in the original combination; afterwards raised to the species rank by Mohanraj et al. (1998)). Due to this reason, here we treat the Andamanese taxon in the rank of subspecies — Samia canningi fulva Jordan, 1911 comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D35FFACFF6AF971FB87FBAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D36FFA2FF6AFB87FC9BFBEC.text	AB0FED073D36FFA2FF6AFB87FC9BFBEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Samia beekei Paukstadt & Paukstadt 2012	<div><p>Samia beekei Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2012</p><p>Figs 4E–J, 17I–J</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Champasak Province, dry monsoon forest, 14°36'26"N, 105°53'55"E, 04– 09.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂, 1♀; Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 25– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 4♂ ; Bolaven Plateau, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ ; Attopu Province, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 10– 17.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 3♂; Luang Namtha Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.682777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05778/lat 20.682777)">Viangphoukha town</a>, tropical forest, 20°40'58"N, 101°03'28"E, 23.05.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 29.07– 02.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 4♂, 4♀; the same locality and collectors, 06– 09.08.2024 – 7♂, 2♀; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 02– 05.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 6♂ ; the same locality and collectors, 15– 16.08.2024 – 3♂, 1♀; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 2♂, 1♀ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Province, Champasak Province, Sekong Province, Attopu Province (this study), and Vientiane Province (BOLD).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069517–PV069525, PV069560– PV069574.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SAUPA666-12). (3) The records of “ Samia kohlli Naumann &amp; Peigler 2001 ” from Laos (Naumann &amp; Peigler 2001), in all probability, belong to Samia beekei Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2012 . There are no sequences of S. kohlli confirming the occurrence of this species beyond its type locality (“West Malaysia, Pahang prov., Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata”). (4) S. beekei is phylogenetically close to Samia vanschaycki Brechlin, 2014 [TL: “ China, Prov. Yunnan, Yinjiang of W Yunnan, near border to Myanmar ”], the taxonomic status of which needs further revision. (5) Since the original description is unavailable to the public, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of the adults of both sexes and the male genitalia (Figs 4E–J, 17I–J) based on the specimens collected from southern and northern Laos. The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. S. beekei is similar to S. vanschaycki . Since the original description of the latter is also unavailable, the diagnostic comparison of both species is provided only based on molecular data. S. beekei can be distinguished from S. vanschaycki by 6 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 158C, 173C, 269A, 413T, 563A, 626A. S. beekei is also externally similar to Samia wangi Naumann &amp; Peigler, 2001 [TL: China, Guangdong Province, Huiji, Duang Mt.], but differs from it by the larger basal saccular process of the valva.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 4E, G, I, J): Wingspan 104–130 mm, forewing length 60–81 mm (n = 34). Head brown with white band at base of antenna. Frons with long, white, brown and grey scales. Eye black or brown. Antenna quadripectinate, brown. Labial palp short (its length ca. one of eye diameter), brown, with white scales at apex. Thorax brown with white band at posterior margin. Patagium brown with white band. Tegula brown. Legs brown with white bunches of scales at tarsal segments; outer surface of femur white. Abdomen light brown, with three rows of white spots dorsally, two white bands ventrally, and two white bands laterally (two from each side); ventral and lateral white bands divided into separated spots in some specimens; base of abdomen with white band. Female morphology (Fig. 4F, H): Similar to male, but having wider wings. Wingspan 118–131 mm, forewing length 70–81 mm (n = 8). Head brown with white band at base of antenna. Frons with long, white, brown and grey scales. Eye brown. Antenna quadripectinate, brown; rami slightly shorter than in males. Labial palp short (its length ca. one of eye diameter), brown, with white scales at apex. Thorax brown with white band at posterior margin. Patagium brown with white band. Tegula brown. Legs brown with white bunches of scales at tarsal segments; outer surface of femur white. Abdomen light brown, with three rows of white spots dorsally, two narrow white bands ventrally, and two broad white bands laterally (two from each side); ventral and lateral white bands divided into separated spots in some specimens; base of abdomen with white band.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D36FFA2FF6AFB87FC9BFBEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AFB6CFC26F983.text	AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AFB6CFC26F983.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias maenas Doubleday 1847	<div><p>Actias maenas Doubleday, 1847</p><p>Figs 5, 18A</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), Vientiane Province (BOLD), and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Remark. The first record from Phongsaly Province.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AFB6CFC26F983	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AF9BAFC26F81E.text	AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AF9BAFC26F81E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias rhodopneuma (Rober 1925)	<div><p>Actias rhodopneuma (Röber, 1925)</p><p>Figs 6A–B, 18B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂, 1♀; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂, 1♀; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 3♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD), Houaphan Province (BOLD), and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Remark. The first record from Phongsaly Province.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D38FFA2FF6AF9BAFC26F81E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D39FFA3FF6AF967FE42F85A.text	AB0FED073D39FFA3FF6AF967FE42F85A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias sinensis subsp. sinensis (Walker 1855)	<div><p>Actias sinensis sinensis (Walker, 1855)</p><p>Fig. 18C–D</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Namtha Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008) and Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008).</p><p>Remarks. (1) In Laos the subspecies occurs in the northern and probably the central parts, whereas the southern part is inhabited by another subspecies, namely Actias sinensis siriae Brechlin &amp; Van Schayck, 2017 . (2) A. sinensis sinensis and Actias parasinensis Brechlin, 2009 are sympatrically occurring taxa. This fact should be taken into account when identifying these taxa from the north and the centre of the country.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D39FFA3FF6AF967FE42F85A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3AFFA1FF6AFBE5FD5AFE20.text	AB0FED073D3AFFA1FF6AFBE5FD5AFE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias parasinensis Brechlin 2009	<div><p>Actias parasinensis Brechlin, 2009</p><p>Figs 6E–F, 18G–H</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂, 1♀ . MYANMAR: Kachin State, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.19&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.494722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.19/lat 27.494722)">Wasandum village</a>, tropical forest, 27°29'41"N, 97°11'24"E, h 850 m, 18– 19.03.2014, I. Bolotov &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069590, PV069591 (Laos), PV069532 (Myanmar).</p><p>Remarks. (1) Although Actias parasinensis Brechlin, 2009 is mentioned as occurring in Laos in some works (Irungbam 2014; Irungbam &amp; Irungbam 2019), there are no published records from this country confirming the occurrence of it. Here, we present the record of A. parasinensis from Phongsaly Province, thus, confirming it does occur in Laos. Hence, based on our material and available sequence data obtained with BOLD, A. parasinensis has a range covering Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, and China (Yunnan and Tibet). (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBB153-09). (3) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Laos and Myanmar, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of the adults of both sexes and the male genitalia (Figs 6E–F, 18G–H). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. A. parasinensis has the longer hindwing tails compared to Actias sinensis (Walker, 1855) and can be distinguished from it by 17 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 5A/C, 17C, 20C, 275T, 329T, 350T, 356T, 365T, 404A, 413A/G, 446C, 464C, 506C, 548C, 599A/C, 602C, 632G/T.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 6E): Wingspan 94–101 mm, forewing length 56– 61 mm (n = 2). Head yellow-orange or pale white-yellow. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown. Labial palp very short (its length ca. 0.5 of eye diameter), yellow-pink or pink. Thorax yellow, anteriorly brown and having sparse white scales. Patagium brown with sparse white scales. Tegula yellow, brown at base, with sparse white scales. Legs pale yellow, outer surfaces of tarsus and of tibia pink. Abdomen yellow, with unclear red-lilac spots laterally (spots may absent in some specimens). Female morphology (Fig. 6F): Wingspan 113 mm, forewing length 69 mm (n = 1). Head white. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown; rami shorter than in males. Labial palp very short, pinkishreddish. Thorax white, brown anteriorly. Patagium brown with sparse white scales. Tegula white, brown at base, with sparse white scales. Coxa of fore-legs brown, coxa of middle- and hind-legs white, femur white, tarsus and tibia red-pink. Abdomen white.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3AFFA1FF6AFBE5FD5AFE20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3AFFA0FF6AFF10FAA4FC41.text	AB0FED073D3AFFA0FF6AFF10FAA4FC41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias sinensis subsp. siriae Brechlin & Van Schayck 2017	<div><p>Actias sinensis siriae Brechlin &amp; Van Schayck, 2017</p><p>Figs 6C–D, 18E–F</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 26– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 4♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Champasak Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069499, PV069500.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. Hence, the subspecies occurs in central Vietnam (Quang Ngai Province) and southern Laos (Champasak Province, Bolaven Plateau). (2) A. sinensis siriae represents a highly divergent lineage and has a COI p -distance of 1.9–2.9% from the nominate subspecies. (3) The description of this subspecies was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Bolaven Plateau, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of external and genital morphology of the male specimens (Figs 6C–D, 18E–F). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. The subspecies can be distinguished from the nominate one by 7 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 173C, 227T, 356G, 371A, 575T, 581A, 596C.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 6C–D): Wingspan 89–94 mm, forewing length 51– 58 mm (n = 4). Head light yellow or light creamy. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown. Labial palp very short (its length ca. 0.25 of eye diameter), red-brown, with yellow apex. Thorax yellow, anteriorly reddish-brown and having sparse white scales. Patagium brown with sparse white scales. Tegula yellow, reddish-brown at base, with sparse white scales. Legs yellow, tarsus and tibia red-brown. Abdomen yellow, with unclear reddish spots laterally (spots may absent in some specimens).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3AFFA0FF6AFF10FAA4FC41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3BFFA1FF6AFE06FD81FDF6.text	AB0FED073D3BFFA1FF6AFE06FD81FDF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias laotiana Testout 1936	<div><p>Actias laotiana Testout, 1936</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Xieng Khouang Province (Testout 1936; Kishida et al. 2020) and Luang Prabang Province (Kishida et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3BFFA1FF6AFE06FD81FDF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFF10FD26FDA8.text	AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFF10FD26FDA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias australovietnama Brechlin 2000	<div><p>Actias australovietnama Brechlin, 2000</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Louang Namtha Province, Houaphan Province, and Xieng Khouang Province (BOLD).</p><p>Remarks. (1) Although there are no reports on records of Actias australovietnama Brechlin, 2000 from Laos, the sequences of this species from three Laotian provinces are uploaded to BOLD. (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SPRBA025-08). (3) A. australovietnama seems to be a junior synonym of Actias laotiana Testout, 1936 since they are morphologically similar (see Brechlin 2000 and Testout 1936). Thus, the sequences of the specimens from Xieng Khouang may belong to the topotypes of A. laotiana .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFF10FD26FDA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFDAFFC35FC9A.text	AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFDAFFC35FC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias chapae subsp. chapae (Mell 1950)	<div><p>Actias chapae chapae (Mell, 1950)</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Houaphan Province (BOLD).</p><p>Remark. Although there are no reports on records of Actias chapae (Mell, 1950) from Laos, the sequences and the photos of this species from Laotian province, Houaphan Province are uploaded to BOLD (sample IDs SASNC4368-20 and SASNC4369-20).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFDAFFC35FC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3CFFA7FF6AF999FF59FE85.text	AB0FED073D3CFFA7FF6AF999FF59FE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias laovieta Naumann, Nassig & Loffler 2017	<div><p>Actias laovieta Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017</p><p>Figs 7D, 19B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 26– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Champasak Province, Sekong Province, and Attapu Province (Naumann et al. 2017).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequence. GenBank acc. no. PV069501.</p><p>Remarks. (1) Actias laovieta Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017 is morphologically similar to Actias selene (Hübner, [1807]) and Actias ningpoana C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1862 and cannot reliably be identified only by means of morphological features. (2) A. laovieta is known from central and southern Vietnam (Lam Dong and Thua Thien Hue provinces) and southern Laos (Champasak, Sekong, and Attapu provinces) (Naumann et al. 2017). (3) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SASNA877-09). (4) The male genitalia of A. laovieta are illustrated for the first time (Fig. 19B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3CFFA7FF6AF999FF59FE85	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFC7EFD6DF9A5.text	AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFC7EFD6DF9A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actias selene subsp. selene (Hubner 1807)	<div><p>Actias selene selene (Hübner, [1807])</p><p>Figs 7A–C, 19A</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 10♂; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 15– 16.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020), Luang Namtha Province (Brosch et al. 1999), Xieng Khouang Province (?) (Kishida et al. 2020), and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069575, PV069592, PV069593.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Phongsaly Province. (2) Actias selene (Hübner, [1807]) is morphologically very similar to Actias ningpoana C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1862 . We assume A. ningpoana to be occurring in Laos, but it is yet to be confirmed. Therefore, correct identification of A. selene requires using only the DNA barcoding. Based on our material and available sequence data obtained with BOLD, A. selene reliably occurs in two Laotian provinces — Phongsaly (this study) and Luang Prabang (BOLD sample ID SASNA876-09).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3CFFA6FF6AFC7EFD6DF9A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3DFFA4FF6AFAF4FDC9FC9A.text	AB0FED073D3DFFA4FF6AFAF4FDC9FC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea assamensis (Helfer 1837)	<div><p>Antheraea assamensis (Helfer, 1837)</p><p>= Antheraea assama Westwood, 1848</p><p>= Antheraea chengtuana Watson, 1923</p><p>= Antheraea inthanonensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 syn. nov.</p><p>= Antheraea tenasserimensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 syn. nov.</p><p>Figs 8A–B, 19C–D</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ ; Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 25– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ ; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt 2013), Louang Namtha Province, Vientiane Province, Boli Kham Xai Province (BOLD), Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020), Phongsaly Province, Champasak Province, and Sekong Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069504–PV069505.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Phongsaly, Champasak, and Sekong provinces. (2) To this day, Antheraea assamensis (Helfer, 1837) is reliably known to be occurring in the following provinces of Laos: Phongsaly, Champasak, Sekong (this study), Louang Namtha (BOLD sample ID SASNA061- 08), Vientiane (BOLD sample ID SASNA062-08), Boli Kham Xai (the sequence of the specimen from this province is presented in BOLD and incorrectly named as “ Antheraea castanea ”), Luang Prabang (the sequence of the specimen from this province is presented in BOLD and named as “ Antheraea inthanonensis ”), and Xieng Khouang (Kishida et al. 2020). Antheraea castanea Jordan, 1910 appears to be the only valid species in Indochina which A. assamensis can be confused with and has a COI p - distance of approximately 5% from the latter. The records of “ Antheraea (Antheraeopsis) castanea Jordan, 1910 [?]” from Louang Namtha and Luang Prabang provinces (Brosch et al. 1999), “ Antheraea (Antheraeopsis) sp. near youngi Watson, 1915” from Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli &amp; Racheli 2006), and “ Antheraea (Antheraeopsis) sp. near castanea Jordan, 1910 / youngi Watson, 1915” from Luang Prabang Province (Racheli et al. 2008), in all probability, belong to A. assamensis . (3) Antheraea inthanonensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 and Antheraea tenasserimensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 display no clear morphological differences from A. assamensis . Moreover, the topotypes of A. assamensis have minimum COI p -distances of 0.6% and 0.3% from the holotype of A. inthanonensis (BOLD sample ID SAUPA580-10) and the holotype of A. tenasserimensis (BOLD sample ID SAUPA577-10), respectively. Due to these reasons, Antheraea inthanonensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 syn. nov. [TL: Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon] and Antheraea tenasserimensis Paukstadt &amp; Paukstadt, 2013 syn. nov. [TL: Thailand, southern region, Ranong] are considered as junior synonyms of Antheraea assamensis (Helfer, 1837) in the present study. (4) We assume A. castanea to be occurring in Laos, but it is yet to be confirmed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3DFFA4FF6AFAF4FDC9FC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFA33FC28F81F.text	AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFA33FC28F81F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea lampei Nassig & Holloway 1989	<div><p>Antheraea lampei Nässig &amp; Holloway, 1989</p><p>Figs 8D, 19G</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Kishida et al. 2020) and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequence. GenBank acc. no. PV069539.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Phongsaly Province. (2) Previously, the findings of Antheraea lampei Nässig &amp; Holloway, 1989 from Laos were incorrectly identified as “ Antheraea roylei Moore, 1859 ” (Brosch et al. 1999; Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD) or as “ Antheraea roylii ”. (3) A. lampei has a range from Sumatra (the type locality) and Borneo in the south to Myanmar, China (Yunnan Province), Laos, and Vietnam in the north. In Laos it can be confused with an externally very similar species, Antheraea vietnamensis Brechlin &amp; Paukstadt, 2010 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFA33FC28F81F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFC5CFEB6FB75.text	AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFC5CFEB6FB75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea platessa Rothschild 1903	<div><p>Antheraea platessa Rothschild, 1903</p><p>Figs 8C, 20A</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.48805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.735556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.48805/lat 14.735556)">Attopu Province</a>, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 10– 17.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999) and Attopu Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequence. GenBank acc. no. PV069502.</p><p>Remark. The first record from the south of Laos (Attopu Province) and the second country record.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFC5CFEB6FB75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFAC9FA97FA3A.text	AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFAC9FA97FA3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea steinkeorum U. Paukstadt, L. Paukstadt & Brosch 1999	<div><p>Antheraea steinkeorum U. Paukstadt, L. Paukstadt &amp; Brosch, 1999</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Paukstadt et al. 1999; Brosch et al. 1999). Remark. BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SAUPA011-09).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3EFFA4FF6AFAC9FA97FA3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D3FFFBAFF6AF905FDB2FCBB.text	AB0FED073D3FFFBAFF6AF905FDB2FCBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea vietnamensis Brechlin & Paukstadt 2010	<div><p>Antheraea vietnamensis Brechlin &amp; Paukstadt, 2010</p><p>Figs 8E–F, 19H</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 25– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂, 1♀ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Champasak Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069503, PV069506.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBB1064-09). (3) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Bolaven Plateau, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of the adults of both sexes and the male genitalia (Figs 8E–F, 19H). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 8E): Wingspan 149 mm, forewing length 86 mm (n = 1). Head brown, greyish-white at base of antenna and having two thin light brown lines along eyes (one along each eye). Eye black-brown. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown. Labial palp very short (its length ca. 0.25 of eye diameter), dark brown. Thorax brown with dark brown band anteriorly. Patagium grey-brown with admixture of white scales. Tegula brown, dark grey-brown at base and having sparse white scales. Legs brown. Abdomen brown. Female morphology (Fig. 8F): Wingspan 163 mm, forewing length 95 mm (n = 1). Head brown, lighter at base of antenna and having two thin light brown lines along eyes (one along each eye). Eye olive-brown. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown; rami significantly shorter than in males. Labial palp very short (its length ca. 0.5 of eye diameter), dark brown. Thorax red-brown with dark brown band anteriorly. Patagium grey-brown with admixture of white scales. Tegula red-brown, dark grey-brown at base and having sparse white scales. Legs red-brown. Abdomen red-brown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D3FFFBAFF6AF905FDB2FCBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFCB2FC26FB16.text	AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFCB2FC26FB16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea helferi Moore 1859	<div><p>Antheraea helferi Moore, 1859</p><p>Figs 8G–H, 20B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069540, PV069541.</p><p>Remark. The first record from Phongsaly Province.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFCB2FC26FB16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFAC9FB1AF85B.text	AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFAC9FB1AF85B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea ridlyi subsp. siriae Paukstadt & van Schayck 2022	<div><p>Antheraea ridlyi siriae Paukstadt &amp; van Schayck, 2022 comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev.</p><p>Figs 8I–J, 19E–F</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.48805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.735556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.48805/lat 14.735556)">Attopu Province</a>, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 10– 17.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 8♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Bolikhamxai Province (Paukstadt &amp; van Schayck 2022) and Attopu Province (this study).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The second record from Laos. (2) It should be noted that this taxon cannot be considered as a separate species. It has a COI p -distance of 2.79–3.49% from Antheraea larissa (Westwood, 1847) endemic to Java (the record from the south of Kalimantan mentioned in Paukstadt &amp; van Schayck’s work (2022) requires confirmation), whereas COI p -distance from populations inhabiting Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula is 1.22–2.44%. Antheraea ridlyi Moore, 1892 stat. rev. [TL: N. Borneo] is the oldest available name applied to these populations. Taking into account insignificant morphological differences, minimum genetic distance of 1.22%, and disjunct distribution, the Indochinese taxon should be considered as a separate subspecies, Antheraea ridlyi siriae Paukstadt &amp; van Schayck, 2022 comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. The subspecies differs from the nominate one by 5 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment. (3) COI p -distance between A. ridlyi stat. rev. and A. larissa is 2.27–3.49%. Hence, A. ridlyi stat. rev. should be considered as a valid species and not as a synonym or subspecies of A. larissa . (4) Since Antheraea larissa palawarissa Brechlin, 2014 is phylogenetically close to A. ridlyi stat. rev. (minimum COI p -distance between them is 0.68%), it is considered here as a subspecies of the latter — Antheraea ridlyi palawarissa Brechlin, 2014 comb. nov.</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069507, PV069508.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D20FFBAFF6AFAC9FB1AF85B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D21FFB8FF6AF92BFD37FBAF.text	AB0FED073D21FFB8FF6AF92BFD37FBAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea frithi Moore 1859	<div><p>Antheraea frithi Moore, 1859</p><p>= Antheraea larissoides Bouvier, 1928 syn. nov.</p><p>Figs 9, 10A–D, 20C–D</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 16– 17.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Bolaven Plateau, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 29.07– 02.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂, 6♀; the same locality and collectors, 06– 09.08.2024 – 2♂, 1♀; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 9♂, 1♀ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 9♂, 2♀; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 6♂; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 02– 06.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 5♂, 1♀ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Namtha Province (Brosch et al. 1999), Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; BOLD), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), Vientiane Province, Attapu Province (Peigler &amp; Naumann 2016; BOLD), Phongsaly Province, Champasak Province, and Sekong Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069509, PV069511, PV069553– PV069556, PV291854.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Phongsaly, Champasak, and Sekong provinces. (2) Previously, the species was recorded as “ Antheraea larissoides Bouvier, 1928 ” (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008). (3) Antheraea larissoides Bouvier, 1928 can be treated neither as a valid species nor as a subspecies of Antheraea frithi Moore, 1859 [TL: India, Darjeeling]. Firstly, COI p -distance between the Indochinese populations and the topotypes of this species ranges from 0.46% to 1.50%. Secondly, in Peigler &amp; Naumann’s (2016) phylogenetic tree construction only three sequences of A. larissoides which differ by approximately 1.5% from A. frithi were used. Therefore, A. larissoides seemed as a valid taxon. Due to these reasons, Antheraea larissoides Bouvier, 1928 syn. nov. is considered as a junior synonym of Antheraea frithi Moore, 1859 in the present study. (4) A. frithi can be distinguished from mainland subspecies of Antheraea tonkinensis Bouvier, 1936 by the wider apical part of the process of the juxta (this feature is indicated by the red arrow in Fig. 20C–D) and the wider translucent part of the forewing ocellus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D21FFB8FF6AF92BFD37FBAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D22FFB9FF6AFBA0FD45FE6C.text	AB0FED073D22FFB9FF6AFBA0FD45FE6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea tonkinensis subsp. luteofrithi (Spitsyn & Kondakov & Bovykina & Okulova & Spitsyna 2017) Naumann, Nassig & Loffler 2017	<div><p>Antheraea tonkinensis luteofrithi Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017 comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev.</p><p>Figs 10E–H, 20E</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.48805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.735556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.48805/lat 14.735556)">Attopu Province</a>, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 10– 17.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♀ ; 2♂ reared from eggs of wild females collected in Attopu Province. VIETNAM: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.149445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.328333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.149445/lat 15.328333)">Song</a> Tranh-2, Reserv. Dam., tropical forest, 15°19'42"N, 108°08'58"E, 09– 20.11.2013, G. Antonovskaya leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Attapu Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069512, PV069513 (Laos), PV069533 (Vietnam).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. Previously, the subspecies was known only from Vietnam (Lam Dong, Kon Tum, Quang Ngai, Quang Nam, and Thua Thien Hue provinces) (Naumann et al. 2017). (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SASNC3353-15). (3) Antheraea luteofrithi Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017 is phylogenetically close to Antheraea tonkinensis Bouvier, 1936 and Antheraea harndti Naumann, 1999 . It has COI p -distances of 1.22–1.58% and a little over 1%, respectively, from the two species. Meanwhile, COI p -distance between A. luteofrithi and A. frithi is more than 3.5%. Obviously, these species cannot be reliably identified based on wing pattern due to the high variability. In the original description, Naumann et at. (2017) noted that A. luteofrithi and A. tonkinensis differ from each other in the male genitalia, neither mentioning nor illustrating the differences. Our comparison of the male genitalia of these species revealed that they display no clear differences (see Fig. 20E–F). Moreover, Naumann et at. (2017) mentioned the presence of COI divergence between them, but did not indicate that A. luteofrithi shows 1.22–1.58% divergence from A. tonkinensis . This distance is lower than 2% threshold established for species delimitation. Based on the lack of clear morphological features and the low genetic distance, Antheraea tonkinensis luteofrithi comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. is considered here as a southern subspecies of A. tonkinensis distributed in southern and central Vietnam and southern Laos. It should be noted that this subspecies and the nominate one may sympatrically occur in central Vietnam. Furthermore, in the present study, Antheraea tonkinensis harndti Naumann, 1999 comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. is also treated as a subspecies of A. tonkinensis which occurs in Hainan. Minimum COI p -distance between these taxa is 1.06%. In the figure presented in the original description (Naumann 1999), the male genitalia of A. tonkinensis harndti comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. are having the wider apical part of the process of the juxta compared to the nominate subspecies and A. tonkinensis luteofrithi comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. This could be a consequence of longer boiling of preparation of the genitalia and stronger compression, that may be why the process of the juxta lost its original shape. (4) The male genitalia of A. tonkinensis luteofrithi comb. nov. &amp; stat. rev. are illustrated for the first time (Fig. 20E).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D22FFB9FF6AFBA0FD45FE6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFF10FC93FBEC.text	AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFF10FC93FBEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea angustomarginata Brechlin & Meister 2009	<div><p>Antheraea angustomarginata Brechlin &amp; Meister, 2009</p><p>Figs 10I–J, 20G–H</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.712494&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.360834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.712494/lat 15.360834)">Lamam town</a>, dry monsoon forest, 15°21'39"N, 106°42'45"E, 25– 27.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ . THAILAND: Loei Province, dry mountain monsoon forest with bamboo patches, 17°06'18"N, 101°37'09"E, 08– 09.04.2014, V. Spitsyn &amp; I. Bolotov leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Sekong Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069510 (Laos), PV069534 (Thailand).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Laos and Thailand. Previously, the species was known only from its type locality (Kiriom National Park, Cambodia). (2) Antheraea angustomarginata Brechlin &amp; Meister, 2009 seems to be a junior synonym of Antheraea gephyra Niepelt, 1926, but its taxonomic status requires further studies. (3) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBA362-08), it enabled our specimens to be accurately identified. (4) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Laos and Thailand, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of external and genital morphology of the male specimens (Figs 10I–J, 20G–H). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 10I–J): Wingspan 99–110 mm, forewing length 58–60 mm (n = 2). Head light brown, slightly covered with pink scales at base of antenna. Eye black-olive. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown. Labial palp short (its length ca. 0.5 of eye diameter), red-brown. Thorax orange-brown or light brown and having grey band anteriorly (overlapped by tegulae), pinkish ventrally. Patagium grey with intense white suffusion. Tegula pale yellow-orange or light brown, dark grey with intense white suffusion basally. Legs red-brown or light grey-brown with pink suffusion. Abdomen orange-brown, pinkish ventrally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFF10FC93FBEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFB63FC35F90D.text	AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFB63FC35F90D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cricula jordani Bryk 1944	<div><p>Cricula jordani Bryk, 1944</p><p>Figs 11A–D, 21A–B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 29.07– 02.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 06– 09.08.2024 – 3♂, 2♀; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 3♂ .</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069576–PV069578.</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020), Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008), and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Phongsaly Province. (2) Kishida et al. (2020) incorrectly identified the species from Laos as “ Cricula andrei Jordan, 1909”. The latter species is known from India, Bhutan, and Myanmar. Since COI p -distance between C. andrei and Cricula jordani Bryk, 1944 is more than 2.5% both species should be considered as valid.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D24FFBEFF6AFB63FC35F90D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D24FFBFFF6AF921FE13FD88.text	AB0FED073D24FFBFFF6AF921FE13FD88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cricula trifenestrata (Helfer 1837)	<div><p>Cricula trifenestrata (Helfer, 1837)</p><p>= Cricula andamanica Jordan, 1909 syn. nov.</p><p>Figs 11E–H, 21C–D</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Champasak Province, dry monsoon forest, 14°36'26"N, 105°53'55"E, 18– 21.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂; Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 25– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♀ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Kishida et al. 2020), Phongsaly Province, and Champasak Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069514–PV069516, PV069579, PV069580.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Phongsaly and Champasak provinces. The species is reported from the south of Laos for the first time. (2) Based on doubtful morphological differences and insignificant genetic distance, Cricula andamanica Jordan, 1909 syn. nov. is considered here as a junior synonym of Cricula trifenestrata (Helfer, 1837) . COI p -distance between C. trifenestrata and C. andamanica is 0.6%.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D24FFBFFF6AF921FE13FD88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D25FFBDFF6AF89FFE42FD32.text	AB0FED073D25FFBDFF6AF89FFE42FD32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cricula gafti Spitsyn & Spitsyna 2025	<div><p>Cricula gafti Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna, sp. nov.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AE81BFE8-4575-40F0-BDE3-2A18D1D39ADF</p><p>Figs 12, 21E–F</p><p>Type material. Holotype male RMBH <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.10528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.692778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.10528/lat 21.692778)">Sph</a> 1379 LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 29.07– 02.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. Paratypes Sph 1380– Sph 1387, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.10528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.692778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.10528/lat 21.692778)">Sph</a> 1400– <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.10528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.692778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.10528/lat 21.692778)">Sph</a> 1403 LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 29.07– 02.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♀ ; the same locality and collectors, 06– 09.08.2024 – 1♂, 19♀; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 02– 05.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂, 3♀ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♀; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 2♀ .</p><p>Diagnosis. Males of the new species can be distinguished by small size and specific dark brown wing colouration. Due to the high variability of wing pattern, correct identification of females requires using only the DNA barcoding. The new species is a sister species to Cricula sokola Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017 and has a COI p -distance of 3.06% from the latter.</p><p>Description. Male morphology (Fig. 12A–C): Wingspan 48–53 mm, forewing length 28–30 mm (n = 3). Head brown. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), brown. Thorax, patagium, tegula, legs brown. Forewing with elongated apex. Upperside of forewing brown, with irregularly zigzagged antemedial line and straight black-brown postmedial line; subterminal area with one or three transparent spots edged with black scales and one or two black spots at costal margin; marginal area with dark suffusion. Pattern of forewing underside similar to upperside, but somewhat lighter. Upperside of hindwing brown, with straight black-brown antemedial line and wavy black-brown postmedial line; subterminal area with one black spot. Underside of hindwing lighter than upperside; antemedial line slightly curved, diffuse, situated somewhat close to basal area; postmedial line wavy, indistinct, somewhat close to outer margin. Abdomen brown. Male genitalia (Fig. 21E–F): Uncus bifurcated. Gnathos large, m-shaped. Juxta well-sclerotised with Yshaped process. Valva with narrow apex and large saccular process. Aedeagus straight. Vesica with four large diverticula bearing large sclerite each at apex. Female morphology (Fig. 12D–I): Wingspan 51– 69 mm, forewing length 32–40 mm (n = 27). Pattern and colouration of wings, size highly variable (see Fig. 12D–I).</p><p>Distribution. Laos (Phongsaly Province).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069581–PV069589, PV069594– PV069597.</p><p>Etymology. The new species is named after the late Valentin Iosifovich Gaft (1935–2020), a prominent Russian actor.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D25FFBDFF6AF89FFE42FD32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D27FFB2FF6AFCD6FE2BFA18.text	AB0FED073D27FFB2FF6AFCD6FE2BFA18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemaireia gulo Spitsyn & Kondakov & Bovykina & Okulova & Spitsyna 2025	<div><p>Lemaireia gulo Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna, sp. nov.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A2D80B9B-D305-4D75-B93E-949E011B5B25</p><p>Figs 13C–G, 14, 22C–E</p><p>Type material. Holotype male RMBH <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.10528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.692778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.10528/lat 21.692778)">Sph</a> 1342 LAOS: Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. Paratypes RMBH Sph 1162, Sph 1340, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.682777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05778/lat 20.682777)">Sph</a> 1343, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.682777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05778/lat 20.682777)">Sph</a> 1404–1407, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.682777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05778/lat 20.682777)">Sph</a> 1430–1445 LAOS: Luang Namtha Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.682777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05778/lat 20.682777)">Viangphoukha town</a>, tropical forest, 20°40'58"N, 101°03'28"E, 23.05.2016 , V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024 , V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂, 1♀; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 7♂, 4♀; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.92667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.623056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.92667/lat 21.623056)">Boun Neua town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'23"N, 101°55'36"E, 02– 05.08.2024 , V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 15– 16.08.2024 – 2♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 2♂, 3♀.</p><p>Diagnosis. Lemaireia gulo sp. nov. is morphologically very similar to Lemaireia aureopeplus Nässig &amp; Holloway stat. rev. but can easily be distinguished by 12 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 32T, 56A, 104T, 134T, 218T, 350G, 380T, 401C, 416A, 464C, 548C, 629A. In the male genitalia of L. gulo sp. nov., the apical process of the valva is somewhat shorter than in L. aureopeplus stat. rev. and significantly longer than in Lemaireia luteopeplus Nässig &amp; Holloway, 1988 and Lemaireia daparo Jiang, Wang, Miu &amp; Guo, 2021 . The sclerotised plate covered with large spines in the apical part of the new species’ vesica is usually flatter and less massive than in L. aureopeplus stat. rev. Additionally, the aedeagus of the new species bears dorsal apical plates, which are shorter and having less spines than L. aureopeplus stat. rev.</p><p>Description. Male morphology (Fig. 13C, E, G): Wingspan 60–71 mm, forewing length 34–42 mm (n = 16). Head yellow with red-violet band around each eye. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, yellow-brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), red-violet, yellow apically. Proboscis yellow, bifurcated, covered with long setae. Thorax yellow-lilac. Patagium lilac. Tegula yellow-lilac. Legs yellow, inner surface of fore-legs with admixture of pinkish scales (pinkish colouration may absent in some specimens). Wing colouration typical for genus Lemaireia Nassig &amp; Holloway, 1988 . Abdomen yellow-orange with lilac suffusion dorsally and laterally, yellow-lilac ventrally. Male genitalia (Fig. 22C–E): Typical for Lemaireia luteopeplus species-group. Tegumen broad. Uncus broad, large. Valva wide, tapered apically; apical process relatively short, well-sclerotised; saccular process well-developed. Juxta large, well-sclerotised, with two very large triangular processes. Aedeagus short, very broad, apically having large plates covered with spines. Vesica having large and narrow plate covered with large spines. Female morphology (Fig. 13D, F): Wingspan 69–77 mm, forewing length 40–46 mm (n = 8). Similar to male, but having significantly wider wings and shorter rami of antennae. Red-violet line around each eye divided into bunches of long violet scales.</p><p>Distribution. Northern Laos, southern China (Yunnan and Sichuan provinces (?)), and northern Vietnam (Cao Bang Province) (this study; BOLD).</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020), Vientiane Province, Oudomxai Province, Houaphan Province, (BOLD), Luang Namtha Province, and Phongsaly Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069538, PV069543, PV069545, PV069546, PV069598–PV069601, PV069605.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The record from Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli et al. 2008) may belong to Lemaireia mediovietnama Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2017 endemic to the Central Annamites. This species was described from Huong Son District (Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam) bordering Boli Kham Xai Province. (2) To this day, the genetic distance between L. luteopeplus [TL: India, “Khasia Hills. Assam ”] and L. aureopeplus stat. rev. [TL: Myanmar, “Karen Hill”] remains unknown. However, we presume it should be more than interspecific threshold of 2% as they display more significant differences in the male genitalia (see Figs 11–12 presented in Nässig &amp; Holloway (1988)) than L. aureopeplus stat. rev. and Lemaireia himalayana Naumann &amp; Smetacek, 2021 (see Figs 7–11 presented in Naumann &amp; Smetacek (2021)) and than L. aureopeplus stat. rev. and L. gulo sp. nov. Thus, L. aureopeplus stat. rev. should be considered as a separate species and not as a subspecies of L. luteopeplus . The COI sequence presented in BOLD with a sample ID SASNB378-09 (Kachin, Myanmar) may belong to L. luteopeplus and has COI p -distances of 2.3% from L. aureopeplus stat. rev., and of 2.9% from L. himalayana, and of 2.1% from L. gulo sp. nov. (3) The distribution of the taxa of the Lemaireia luteopeplus species-group is studied insufficiently. L. luteopeplus occurs in northeastern India and probably Myanmar (Nässig &amp; Holloway 1988; Naumann &amp; Smetacek 2021), L. himalayana — in Myanmar and northeastern India (Naumann &amp; Smetacek 2021), L. daparo — in China (northern Yunnan and Sichuan provinces) (Jiang et al. 2021), L. gulo sp. nov. — in northern Laos, southern China (Yunnan and Sichuan provinces), and northern Vietnam, and, finally, L. aureopeplus — in eastern Myanmar and northwestern Thailand. The ranges of L. gulo sp. nov. and L. aureopeplus stat. rev. seem to be divided by Mekong River: L. gulo sp. nov. is distributed to the east of the Mekong, whereas L. aureopeplus stat. rev. — in mountain regions to the west of the Mekong. BOLD contains two COI sequences of L. aureopeplus stat. rev. from China, collection data of which is questionable. (4) According to the data on the distribution of Lemaireia species in China provided by Jiang et al. (2021), L. gulo sp. nov. (“ L. luteopeplus aureopeplus ” in Jiang et al.’s work (2021)) inhabits only southern and western borders of Yunnan Province, while L. daparo — northern Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. However, BOLD contains two COI sequences from Sichuan Province belonging to L. gulo sp. nov. and identified as “ L. luteopeplus ” and “ Lemaireia sp. ” Hence, if the collection data of these samples is correct, L. daparo and L. gulo sp. nov. can occur sympatrically.</p><p>Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the covered with large spines and situated in the apical part of the vesica sclerotised plate, which is reminiscent of clawed foot of Gulo gulo (Linnaeus, 1758) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D27FFB2FF6AFCD6FE2BFA18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D28FFB3FF6AF9DDFAC6FDA9.text	AB0FED073D28FFB3FF6AF9DDFAC6FDA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lemaireia cheshiri Spitsyn & Kondakov & Bovykina & Okulova & Spitsyna 2025	<div><p>Lemaireia cheshiri Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna, sp. nov.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F8490D5F-74BC-4E25-9BA2-9B761168F101</p><p>Figs 13H, 14, 22F</p><p>Type material. Holotype male RMBH <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.95166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.621666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.95166/lat 21.621666)">Sph</a> 1341 LAOS: Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg.</p><p>Diagnosis. Lemaireia cheshiri sp. nov. is highly divergent from all known species in the genus Lemaireia and has COI p -distances of more than 3.5% from the Lemaireia luteopeplus species-group and of more than 5.5% from the Lemaireia inexspectata species-group (Fig. 14). The new species differs from others in Lemaireia luteopeplus species-group in the valva structure, namely the presence of a rounded apex lacking the apical process and of a large triangular curved inwards costal apical process.</p><p>Description. Male morphology (Fig. 13H): Wingspan 66 mm, forewing length 39 mm (n = 1). Head yellow with red-violet narrow band around each eye. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, yellow-brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), red-brown, yellow apically. Thorax yellow-lilac. Patagium lilac. Tegula yellow-lilac. Legs yellow. Wing colouration typical for genus Lemaireia Nassig &amp; Holloway, 1988 . Abdomen yellow-lilac. Male genitalia (Fig. 22F): Tegumen broad, U-shaped. Uncus broad, large, curved, somewhat tapered basally. Valva wide with triangular costal apical process curved inwards and rounded apex; saccular process relatively short. Juxta large, well-sclerotised, with two very large processes. Aedeagus short, apically having plate covered with spines. Vesica having large plate covered with spines.</p><p>Distribution. Northern Laos and northern Vietnam (Yen Bai Province) (this study; BOLD).</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Phongsaly Province (this study) and Houaphan Province (BOLD).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequence. GenBank acc. no. PV069544.</p><p>Etymology. The new species is named as “ cheshiri ” due to its elusiveness. The specific epithet refers to the Cheshire Cat, a character in Lewis Carroll’s novel “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland”.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D28FFB3FF6AF9DDFAC6FDA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2AFFB1FF6AFAA4FBD7FC9A.text	AB0FED073D2AFFB1FF6AFAA4FBD7FC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa siamensis subsp. siamensis Brechlin 2010	<div><p>Loepa siamensis siamensis Brechlin, 2010</p><p>Figs 15A–D, 23A–B</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Vientiane Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.428055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.064444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.428055/lat 19.064444)">Phatang village</a>, mountain forest, 19°03'52"N, 102°25'41"E, 22– 28.04.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 9♂ ; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 12– 13.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂ . VIETNAM: Vinh Phuc Province, Phuc Yen District, Ngoc Thanh Commune, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.71222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.384167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.71222/lat 21.384167)">Me Linh Station</a>, mountain tropical forest, 21°23'03"N, 105°42'44"E, 01– 13.04.2016, V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ . THAILAND: Mae Hong Son Province, Mueang Mae Hong Son District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.917496&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.535276" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.917496/lat 19.535276)">Ban Na Pa Paek village</a>, 19°32'07"N, 97°55'03"E, h= 950 m, 22– 28.07.2024, A.E. Kostyunin leg. – 2♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD), Luang Namtha Province (Brosch et al. 1999), Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020), Houaphan Province, Khammouan Province (BOLD), Phongsaly Province, and Vientiane Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069535, PV069547–PV069549 (Laos), PV069536 (Vietnam), PV069603, PV069604 (Thailand).</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first records from Phongsaly and Vientiane provinces. (2) Previously, the species was recorded as “ Loepa sikkima Moore, 1865 ” (Brosch et al. 1999; Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020). (3) The record of the species from Bolaven Plateau (Champasak Province) published by Kishida et al. (2020), in all probability, belong to Loepa peggyae bolovena ssp. nov. (4) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBA685-09). (5) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Phongsaly and Vientiane provinces, as well as on the single specimen from Vietnam and the two specimens from Thailand, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of external and genital morphology of the male specimens (Figs 15A–D, 23A–B). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. L. siamensis can be distinguished from Loepa katinka (Westwood, 1847) by 34 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 5C, 59G, 122C, 134C, 167G, 200A, 203T, 212G, 266A, 269T, 282A, 288C, 305T, 338T, 356T, 392A, 416A, 425T, 434T, 437C, 461C, 464C, 488C, 506C, 533T, 545T, 548T, 563A/G, 575C, 608C, 623A/G, 626T, 635T, 659C.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 15A–D): Wingspan 62–73 mm, forewing length 41–45 mm (n = 15). Head yellow with brown scales around eyes. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), purple-brown. Thorax yellow. Patagium grey-lilac or grey. Tegula yellow, lilac basally. Outer surface of legs pink-lilac, inner surface of ones yellow. Abdomen yellow with one row of brown-purple spots dorsally, two rows of brown-purple spots laterally (two from each side), and two rows of grey spots ventrally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2AFFB1FF6AFAA4FBD7FC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2BFFB1FF6AFC7FFAFCF830.text	AB0FED073D2BFFB1FF6AFC7FFAFCF830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa peggyae subsp. peggyae Brechlin 2010	<div><p>Loepa peggyae peggyae Brechlin, 2010</p><p>Figs 15E–F, 23C–D</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.48805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.735556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.48805/lat 14.735556)">Attopu Province</a>, tropical forest, 14°44'08"N, 107°29'17"E, 08– 15.12.2022, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 2♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Attopu Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069494, PV069495.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBA751-09). (3) The paratypes of Loepa peggyae peggyae Brechlin, 2010 presented in BOLD (sample IDs SAUPA276-10 and SAUPA277-10) actually belong to Loepa siamensis Brechlin, 2010 . (4) The species is very morphologically similar to Loepa katinka Westwood, 1847 and Loepa siamensis Brechlin, 2010, and it could not be distinguished from the latter by even its author. In the examined male genitalia of L. peggyae, the spinulose apical process of the aedeagus is larger than in specimens of L. siamensis from Laos. However, further research is required to establish if these species can reliably differ from each other based on this feature. Thus, DNA barcoding currently remains the only method for their accurate identification. (5) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Attopu Province, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of external and genital morphology of the male specimens (Figs 15E–F, 23C–D). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. L. peggyae can be distinguished from L. siamensis by 34 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 4T, 26C, 59A, 60T, 86A, 122T, 167A, 200G, 203C, 212A, 213C, 215C, 288T, 317A, 323T, 362C, 365A, 386C, 395C, 402T, 425A, 434A, 437T, 461T, 488T, 501T, 506T, 515T, 582C, 611T, 620A, 623T, 626A, 659T.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 15E–F): Wingspan 70–74 mm, forewing length 42–45 mm (n = 2). Head yellow with black-brown scales around eyes. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), purple-brown. Thorax yellow. Patagium light purple. Tegula yellow, light purple basally. Outer surface of legs pinkpurplish, inner surface of ones yellow. Abdomen yellow, with one row of brown-purple spots dorsally, two rows of brown-purple spots laterally (two from each side), and two rows of grey spots ventrally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2BFFB1FF6AFC7FFAFCF830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFA31FE55F9C3.text	AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFA31FE55F9C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa anthera Jordan 1911	<div><p>Loepa anthera Jordan, 1911</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999) and Boli Kham Xai Province (Racheli &amp; Racheli 2006).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFA31FE55F9C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFF11FAD0FA3D.text	AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFF11FAD0FA3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa peggyae subsp. bolovena Spitsyn & Kondakov & Bovykina & Okulova & Spitsyna 2025	<div><p>Loepa peggyae bolovena Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna, ssp. nov.</p><p>https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A34F6A08-1E1D-4F1E-8EE4-DEC70D88411C</p><p>Figs 15G–J, 23E–F</p><p>Remarks. Isolated populations of Loepa peggyae Brechlin, 2010 from Bolaven Plateau is described here as a new subspecies, Loepa peggyae bolovena ssp. nov. It represents a highly divergent lineage, which has a minimum COI p -distance of 0.94% from the nominate one. Meanwhile, COI p -distance between the latter and Loepa peggyae hainanensis Brechlin, 2010 is 0.74%. It should be noted that L. peggyae bolovena ssp. nov. and L. peggyae hainanensis occur at higher altitudes (the holotype of L. peggyae hainanensis was collected at an altitude of 1,500 m, whereas the holotype of L. peggyae bolovena ssp. nov. — at an altitude of 1,300 m) compared to the nominate subspecies (150–200 m altitude in Attopu Province). L. peggyae bolovena ssp. nov. has a COI p -distance of 0.94–1.5% from both L. peggyae peggyae and L. peggyae hainanensis .</p><p>Type material. Holotype male RMBH Sph 1086 LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. Paratypes RMBH Sph 1085, Sph 1446–1453 LAOS: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Bolaven Plateau</a>, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 1♂; Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 26– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 8♂, 1♀ .</p><p>Diagnosis. The new subspecies can easily be distinguished by its restricted range. It differs from the nominate one in the straight saccular margin of the apical part of the valva and the larger bifurcated apex of the uncus. The new subspecies has a COI p -distance of 0.94–1.5% from both L. peggyae peggyae and L. peggyae hainanensis .</p><p>Description. Male morphology (Fig. 15G–I): Wingspan 64–74 mm, forewing length 41–45 mm (n = 9). Head yellow with black-brown scales around eyes. Eye black. Antenna quadripectinate, brown. Labial palp short (its length less than one of eye diameter), purple-brown or brown. Thorax yellow. Patagium grey. Tegula yellow, grey basally. Outer surface of legs deep pink-purple, inner surface of ones yellow. Wing colouration typical for Loepa katinka species-group. Abdomen yellow, with one row of brown-purple spots dorsally, two rows of brown-purple spots laterally (two from each side), and two rows of grey spots ventrally. Male genitalia (Fig. 23E–F): Typical for Loepa katinka species-group. Tegumen broad, short. Uncus straight with bifurcated apex. Saccus elongated, U-shaped. Juxta Ushaped. Valva wide with rounded apex; saccular process large. Aedeagus long, straight, with large spine in apical part. Female morphology (Fig. 15J): Wingspan 76 mm, forewing length 41 mm (n = 1). Similar to male, but having significantly wider wings and shorter rami of antennae.</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069492, PV069493.</p><p>Distribution. Endemic to Bolaven Plateau (Laos).</p><p>Etymology. The name of the new subspecies is derived from its type locality, Bolaven Plateau.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2DFFB7FF6AFF11FAD0FA3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2DFFB4FF6AF97BFAD5FDF5.text	AB0FED073D2DFFB4FF6AF97BFAD5FDF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa diffundata Naumann, Nassig & Loffler 2008	<div><p>Loepa diffundata Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2008</p><p>Figs 16A–B, 23G–H</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Phongsaly Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.80361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.145834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.80361/lat 22.145834)">Yot Ou village</a>, mountain tropical forest, 22°08'45"N, 101°48'13"E, 25– 28.07.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂ ; Phongsaly Province, Phongsaly town, mountain tropical forest, 21°41'34"N, 102°06'19"E, 06– 09.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 1♂; Phongsaly Province, mountain tropical forest, 21°37'18"N, 101°57'06"E, 03– 04.08.2024, V. Spitsyn &amp; E. Spitsyna leg. – 2♂; the same locality and collectors, 12– 13.08.2024 – 3♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Province, Sainyabuli Province, Vientiane Province, and Houaphanh Province (Naumann et al. 2008; this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069550–PV069552.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The species reliably occurs in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand (Chiang Mai Province), and Bhutan (BOLD). (2) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SASNB139-09). (3) Since the type series of Loepa diffunorientalis Brechlin, 2010 contains the specimens of Loepa diffundata Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2008 (BOLD sample IDs SARBC211-10, SARBC213-10, and SARBC214-10), these species cannot be accurately distinguished from each other by morphological features, in all probability. (3) COI p -distance between L. diffundata and the topotypes of Loepa kuangtungensis Mell, 1939 is 1.2%. Also, there are intermediate haplotypes between them. Thus, L. diffundata appears to be subspecies of L. kuangtungensis, and its taxonomic status requires further studies. (4) Previously, L. diffundata from Laos was incorrectly identified as “ Loepa diversiocellata Bryk, 1944 ” (Brosch et al. 1999; Kishida et al. 2020). According to Naumann et al. (2008), L. diversiocellata is a junior synonym of Loepa katinka (Westwood, 1847) which does not occur in Laos.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2DFFB4FF6AF97BFAD5FDF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D2EFF89FF6AFA0DFDA3F84B.text	AB0FED073D2EFF89FF6AFA0DFDA3F84B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loepa diffunorientalis Brechlin 2010	<div><p>Loepa diffunorientalis Brechlin, 2010</p><p>Figs 16C–D, 23I–J</p><p>Material examined. LAOS: Bolaven Plateau, Champasak Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.24027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.181667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.24027/lat 15.181667)">Paksong town</a>, mountain tropical forest and pine plantations, 15°10'54"N, 106°14'25"E, 25– 28.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 6♂ ; Bolaven Plateau, Sekong Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.38278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.404444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.38278/lat 15.404444)">Thateng town</a>, mountain tropical forest, 15°24'16"N, 106°22'58"E, 21– 25.07.2023, E. Spitsyna &amp; V. Spitsyn leg. – 3♂ .</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Champasak Province and Sekong Province (this study).</p><p>Reference COI barcode sequences. GenBank acc. no. PV069496–PV069498.</p><p>Remarks. (1) The first record from Laos. (2) Loepa diffunorientalis Brechlin, 2010 is, in all probability, endemic to central Vietnam (Kon Tum and Quang Ngai provinces) and southern Laos (Bolaven Plateau). BOLD contains COI sequence of the specimen from Thai Nguyen Province (northern Vietnam). However, the occurrence of L. diffunorientalis in northern Vietnam requires confirmation. (3) The paratypes of L. diffunorientalis presented in BOLD (sample IDs SARBC211-10, SARBC213- 10, and SARBC214-10) actually belong to Loepa diffundata Naumann, Nässig &amp; Löffler, 2008 . (4) COI p -distance between L. diffunorientalis and L. diffundata is 2.7%. (5) BOLD contains the COI sequence of the holotype (sample ID SARBA759-09), it enabled our specimens to be accurately identified. (6) The description of this species was published in a non-open access journal offering only a print edition which is not available for purchase. Therefore, based on the specimens collected from Bolaven Plateau, we present a brief redescription of the taxon, as well as illustrations of external and genital morphology of the male specimens (Figs 16C–D, 23I–J). The redescription includes only those morphological features that are barely visible in the photographs.</p><p>Diagnosis. L. diffunorientalis can be distinguished from L. diffundata by 15 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment: 23T, 71T, 86T, 107T, 203T, 218C, 224C, 230A, 254A, 263A, 272C, 288T, 401T, 485A, 626G.</p><p>Brief redescription. Male morphology (Fig. 16C–D): Wingspan 85–100 mm, forewing length 56–63 mm (n = 7). Head yellow. Eye black-olive. Antenna quadripectinate, light brown. Labial palp short (its length less than 0.5 of eye diameter), purple-brown. Thorax yellow with grey band anteriorly (overlapped by tegulae). Patagium grey. Tegula yellow, grey basally. Legs lilac-grey, inner surfaces of femur and of tibia yellow. Abdomen yellow, with one row of black spots dorsally, one row of purple-lilac or purple-grey diffuse spots laterally (one from each side), and two rows of purple-lilac or purple-grey diffuse spots ventrally.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D2EFF89FF6AFA0DFDA3F84B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF9E2FC4AF933.text	AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF9E2FC4AF933.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saturnia (Caligula) simla Westwood 1847	<div><p>Saturnia (Caligula) simla Westwood, 1847</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Kishida et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF9E2FC4AF933	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF90BFE16F827.text	AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF90BFE16F827.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saturnia (Rinaca) lesoudieri (Le Moult 1933)	<div><p>Saturnia (Rinaca) lesoudieri (Le Moult, 1933)</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999).</p><p>Remark. Previously, the species was recorded as “ Saturnia (Rinaca) zuleika Hope, 1843 ” (Brosch et al. 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D14FF8EFF6AF90BFE16F827	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFD6AFAE9FCBB.text	AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFD6AFAE9FCBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhodinia newara (Moore 1872)	<div><p>Rhodinia newara (Moore, 1872)</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Luang Prabang Province and Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFD6AFAE9FCBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFF10FEACFE20.text	AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFF10FEACFE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saturnia (Cachosaturnia) cachara (Moore 1872)	<div><p>Saturnia (Cachosaturnia) cachara (Moore, 1872)</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Phongsaly Province (Racheli et al. 2008), Luang Prabang Province (Brosch et al. 1999; Naumann et al. 2012; Kishida et al. 2020), Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020), Luang Namtha Province, Vientiane Province, Xam Neua Province, and Huaphane Province (Naumann et al. 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFF10FEACFE20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFE06FE8EFDF6.text	AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFE06FE8EFDF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saturnia (Eriogyna) centralis Naumann & Loffer 2005	<div><p>Saturnia (Eriogyna) centralis Naumann &amp; Loffer, 2005</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD) and Houaphan Province (BOLD).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFE06FE8EFDF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFC5CFC52FC41.text	AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFC5CFC52FC41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Solus parvifenestrata Bryk 1944	<div><p>Solus parvifenestrata Bryk, 1944</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Xieng Khouang Province (Kishida et al. 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0FED073D16FF8CFF6AFC5CFC52FC41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Spitsyn, Vitaly M.;Kondakov, Alexander V.;Bovykina, Galina V.;Okulova, Anastasia I.;Spitsyna, Elizaveta A.	Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Bovykina, Galina V., Okulova, Anastasia I., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. (2025): The Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos (Lepidoptera). Ecologica Montenegrina 84: 108-152, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.84.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.84.10
AB0FED073D16FF86FF6AFB86FD1BFBEB.text	AB0FED073D16FF86FF6AFB86FD1BFBEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Salassa tonkiniana Le Moult 1933	<div><p>Salassa tonkiniana Le Moult, 1933</p><p>Distribution in Laos. Houaphan Province (BOLD).</p><p>Remarks. (1) Records of Salassa tonkiniana Le Moult, 1933 from Laos were not reported, but there are COI sequences of this species from Houaphan Province in BOLD. (2) What species from Luang Prabang Province was identified as “ Salassa thespis (Leech, 1890) [?]” by Brosch et al. (1999) remains unclear.</p><p>Check-list of the Brahmaeidae and Saturniidae of Laos</p><p>Brahmaeidae Swinhoe, 1892</p><p>1 Brahmaea hearseyi Phongsaly Province, Oudomsay Province, Brosch et al. 1999; White, 1862 Luang Prabang Province, Vientiane Racheli et al. 2008; Province, Boli Kham Xai Province, Kishida et al. 2020; Champasak Province, Attopu Province this study</p><p>2 Brahmaea wallichii Luang Prabang Province (Gray, 1831)</p><p>Brosch et al. 1999</p><p>Saturniidae Boisduval, [1837]</p><p>1 Attacus atlas Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; (Linnaeus, 1758) Province, Luang Prabang Province, Racheli &amp; Racheli Vientiane Province, Boli Kham Xai 2006; Racheli et al .</p><p>Province, Xieng Khouang Province, 2008; Kishida et al. Champasak Province, Sekong Province 2020; this study</p><p>2 Archaeoattacus Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999;</p><p>malayanus Province, Luang Prabang Province, Racheli et al. 2008;</p><p>(Kurosawa &amp; Vientiane Province, Xieng Khouang Naumann et al. 2016;</p><p>Kishida, 1984) Province Kishida et al. 2020;</p><p>this study</p><p>3 Archaeoattacus Champasak Province vietnamensis</p><p>Naumann, Rougerie</p><p>&amp; Nässig, 2016</p><p>this study</p><p>4 Samia canningi Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; (Hutton, 1860) Province, Oudomsay Province, Luang Racheli et al. 2008; this Prabang Province, Boli Kham Xai Province study</p><p>5 Samia beekei Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha this study</p><p>Paukstadt &amp; Province, Vientiane Province, Champasak</p><p>Paukstadt, 2012 Province, Sekong Province, Attopu</p><p>Province</p><p>6 Actias maenas Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999; Doubleday, 1847 Province, Vientiane Province, Boli Kham Racheli et al. 2008; Xai Province Kishida et al. 2020; BOLD; this study</p><p>7 Actias rhodopneuma Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999; (Röber, 1925) Province, Houaphan Province Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020; this study</p><p>8 Actias sinensis (Walker, 1855)</p><p>8a Actias sinensis Luang Namtha Province, Boli Kham Xai Brosch et al. 1999; sinensis (Walker, Province Racheli et al. 2008 1855)</p><p>8b Actias sinensis siriae Champasak Province Brechlin &amp; Van</p><p>Schayck, 2017 this study 9 Actias parasinensis Phongsaly Province Brechlin, 2009</p><p>this study</p><p>10 Actias laotiana Xieng Khouang Province, Luang Prabang Testout 1936; Kishida Testout, 1936 Province et al. 2020</p><p>11 Actias Louang Namtha Province, Houaphan BOLD australovietnama Province, Xieng Khouang Province</p><p>Brechlin, 2000</p><p>12 Actias chapae (Mell, 1950)</p><p>12a Actias chapae Houaphan Province chapae (Mell, 1950)</p><p>BOLD</p><p>13 Actias selene Phongsaly Province, Louang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; (Hübner, [1807]) Province, Luang Prabang Province, Xieng Racheli et al. 2008; Khouang Province (?) Kishida et al. 2020; this study</p><p>14 Actias laovieta Champasak Province, Sekong Province, Naumann et al. 2017; Naumann, Nässig &amp; Attapu Province this study</p><p>Löffler, 2017</p><p>15 Antheraea Phongsaly Province, Louang Namtha Kishida et al. 2020; assamensis (Helfer, Province, Luang Prabang Province, BOLD; this study 1837) Vientiane Province, Boli Kham Xai</p><p>Province, Xieng Khouang Province,</p><p>Champasak Province, Sekong Province</p><p>16 Antheraea platessa Luang Prabang Province, Attopu Province Brosch et al. 1999; this Rothschild, 1903 study</p><p>17 Antheraea Luang Prabang Province steinkeorum</p><p>U. Paukstadt,</p><p>L. Paukstadt &amp;</p><p>Brosch, 1999</p><p>Paukstadt et al. 1999; Brosch et al. 1999</p><p>18 Antheraea lampei Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999; Nässig &amp; Holloway, Province Kishida et al. 2020; 1989 this study</p><p>19 Antheraea Champasak Province vietnamensis</p><p>Brechlin &amp;</p><p>Paukstadt, 2010</p><p>this study</p><p>20 Antheraea helferi Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999; Moore, 1859 Province, Boli Kham Xai Province Racheli et al. 2008; this study</p><p>21 Antheraea ridlyi Moore, 1892 stat. rev.</p><p>21a Antheraea ridlyi Bolikhamxai Province, Attopu Province Paukstadt &amp; van siriae Paukstadt &amp; Schayck 2022;</p><p>van Schayck, 2022 this study comb. nov. &amp; stat.</p><p>rev.</p><p>22 Antheraea frithi Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; Moore, 1859 Province, Luang Prabang Province, Boli Racheli et al. 2008;</p><p>Kham Xai Province, Vientiane Province, Peigler &amp; Naumann</p><p>Champasak Province, Sekong Province, 2016; this study</p><p>Attapu Province</p><p>23 Antheraea tonkinensis Bouvier, 1936</p><p>23a Antheraea Attapu Province tonkinensis luteofrithi Naumann,</p><p>Nässig &amp; Löffler,</p><p>2017 comb. nov. &amp;</p><p>stat. rev.</p><p>this study</p><p>24 Antheraea Sekong Province angustomarginata</p><p>Brechlin &amp; Meister,</p><p>2009</p><p>this study</p><p>25 Cricula jordani Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999; Bryk, 1944 Province, Boli Kham Xai Province Racheli et al. 2008; Kishida et al. 2020; this study</p><p>26 Cricula trifenestrata Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Brosch et al. 1999;</p><p>(Helfer, 1837) Province, Champasak Province Kishida et al. 2020; this study</p><p>27 Cricula gafti Spitsyn Phongsaly Province this study</p><p>&amp; Spitsyna, sp. nov.</p><p>28 Lemaireia gulo Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999;</p><p>Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna, Province, Oudomxai Province, Luang Racheli et al. 2008;</p><p>sp. nov. Prabang Province, Vientiane Province, Kishida et al. 2020;</p><p>Houaphan Province this study</p><p>29 Lemaireia cheshiri Phongsaly Province, Houaphan Province this study; BOLD Spitsyn &amp; Spitsyna,</p><p>sp. nov.</p><p>30 Loepa siamensis Brechlin, 2010</p><p>30a Loepa siamensis Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; siamensis Brechlin, Province , Luang Prabang Province, Racheli et al. 2008; 2010 Vientiane Province, Houaphan Province, Kishida et al. 2020; Xieng Khouang Province, Khammouan this study Province</p><p>31 Loepa peggyae Brechlin, 2010</p><p>31a Loepa peggyae Attopu Province peggyae Brechlin,</p><p>2010</p><p>this study</p><p>31b Loepa peggyae Sekong Province, Champasak Province this study bolovena Spitsyn &amp;</p><p>Spitsyna, ssp. nov.</p><p>32 Loepa anthera Luang Prabang Province, Boli Kham Xai Brosch et al. 1999; Jordan, 1911 Province Racheli &amp; Racheli 2006</p><p>33 Loepa diffundata Phongsaly Province, Luang Prabang Naumann et al. 2008; Naumann, Nässig &amp; Province, Sainyabuli Province, Vientiane this study</p><p>Löffler, 2008 Province, Houaphanh Province</p><p>34 Loepa Champasak Province, Sekong Province this study diffunorientalis</p><p>Brechlin, 2010</p><p>35 Saturnia (Caligula) Luang Prabang Province simla Westwood,</p><p>1847</p><p>36 Saturnia (Rinaca) Luang Prabang Province lesoudieri (Le</p><p>Moult, 1933)</p><p>Kishida et al. 2020</p><p>Brosch et al. 1999</p><p>37 Saturnia Phongsaly Province, Luang Namtha Brosch et al. 1999; (Cachosaturnia) Province, Luang Prabang Province, Racheli et al. 2008; cachara (Moore, Vientiane Province, Huaphane Province, Naumann et al. 2012; 1872) Xam Neua Province, Xieng Khouang Kishida et al. 2020 Province</p><p>38 Saturnia (Eriogyna) Houaphan Province, Xieng Khouang Kishida et al. 2020; centralis Naumann Province BOLD</p><p>&amp; Loffer, 2005</p><p>39 Rhodinia newara Luang Prabang Province, Xieng Khouang Kishida et al. 2020 (Moore, 1872) Province</p><p>40 Solus Xieng Khouang Province parvifenestrata</p><p>Bryk, 1944</p><p>41 Salassa tonkiniana Houaphan Province Le Moult, 1933</p><p>Acknowledgements</p><p>Kishida et al. 2020</p><p>BOLD</p><p>This study was supported by the Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (project No. FUUW-2023-0001). 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