taxonID	type	description	language	source
A85ACE28FF8C540D06F781E0FB909141.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet refers to Chiang Rai province, where the specimen was collected.	en	Tun, Zaw Lin, Gomdola, Deecksha, Maharachchikumbura, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun Sajeewa S. N., Alotibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D. (2024): A novel species and a new geographical record of Nigropunctata from Bambusa vulgaris in northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 676 (2): 155-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4
A85ACE28FF8C540D06F781E0FB909141.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: — MFLU 23 - 0383 Saprobic on dead branches of Bambusa vulgaris. Sexual morph: Ascomata 400 – 480 × 300 – 380 μm (x ̄ = 459 × 345 μm, n = 5) immersed, unilocular, solitary or gregarious, perithecial, globose to subglobose, ostiolate. Ostioles 75 – 100 × 70 – 76 μm wide (x ̄ = 92.6 × 75.2 μm, n = 5), central, covered with black, thick-walled clypeus. Ectostroma yellow. Peridium 200 – 240 μm wide (x ̄ = 216 μm, n = 5), comprising two cell layers, outer layer composed of dark brown, thick-walled cells of textura angularis, inner layer composed of hyaline, thin-walled cells of textura angularis. Paraphyses 2 – 3.5 μm (x ̄ = 2.9 μm, n = 10) wide, longer than asci, filamentous, sinuous, septate, constricted at septa, guttulate, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 80 – 160 × 9 – 15 μm (x ̄ = 114 × 9.6 μm, n = 20), unitunicate, 8 - spored, cylindrical to clavate, short pedicellate, sometimes narrower at the apex, with a J +, apical ring. Apical ring 4.5 – 7 μm (x ̄ = 5.5 μm, n = 10), discoid. Ascospores 13.5 – 19 × 5 – 7 μm (x ̄ = 14.7 × 6.2, n = 20), uni-seriate, initially hyaline, turning brown upon maturation, smooth and thick-walled, cylindrical to broadly ellipsoidal, aseptate, guttulate, the ascospores covered with a thick mucilaginous sheath. Sheath 3 – 5 μm thick (x ̄ = 3.5 μm, n = 10). germ slit on ventral side of the ascospore, straight, along the entire spore length. Asexual morph: Not observed. Culture characteristics: — Colonies on MEA reaching 3 cm diam. after 2 weeks, incubated at 25 ° C; colonies from above white, flat, with circular margin, slightly cottony; colony from reverse yellowish. Material examined: — Thailand, Chiang Rai Province, Mae Fah Luang University, on fallen dead branches of Bambusa vulgaris (Poaceae), 15 September 2022, Z. L. Tun, ZL 139 (MFLU 23 - 0383, holotype); ex-type living culture (MFLUCC 23 - 0238).	en	Tun, Zaw Lin, Gomdola, Deecksha, Maharachchikumbura, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun Sajeewa S. N., Alotibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D. (2024): A novel species and a new geographical record of Nigropunctata from Bambusa vulgaris in northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 676 (2): 155-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4
A85ACE28FF8C540D06F781E0FB909141.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Thailand. GenBank accession numbers: — ITS = OR 909712, β-tub = PQ 397547, rpb 2 = OR 757300 and tef- 1 α = PQ 505632. Notes: — Our isolate, MFLUCC 23 - 0238, is sister to N. khalidii isolates with 87 % ML and 1.00 PP statistical support. We compared the morphologies and genetic distances of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 with the isolates of N. khalidii. MFLUCC 23 - 0238 has smaller ascomata and shorter asci than N. khalidii (GMB 1156), and smaller ascospores than N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237). The ascomata of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 are 400 – 480 × 300 – 380 μm while those of N. khalidii (GMB 1156) are 608 – 782 × 762 – 830 μm, and N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) are 500 – 560 × 590 – 610 μm. The asci length of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 starts from 80 μm (x ̄ = 114 μm, n = 20) while those of N. khalidii (GMB 1156) range between 146 – 173 μm. In addition, the ascospore lengths of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 measure up to 19 μm while those of N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) are up to 25 μm. The colonies of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) are whitish on top and yellowish below. However, the colony of MFLUCC 23 - 0238 is circular in a concentric pattern while that of N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) has an irregular margin (Figs. 2 q, 2 r, 3 p, 3 q). With respect to the inter-species genetic distances between MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and the type of N. khalidii (GMB 1156), differences of 5.3 % and 10.8 % were observed across ITS (412 bp) and β-tub (397 bp) sequences, respectively. We were unable to compare the base pair differences across LSU, rpb 2 and tef- 1 α sequences between MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and N. khalidii (GMB 1156), as MFLUCC 23 - 0238 lacks sequence data for LSU, and N. khalidii (GMB 1156) lacks sequence data for rpb 2 and tef- 1 α. However, a comparison of the genetic distances between MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and our strain of N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) revealed the following differences: 6.5 % in ITS (520 bp), 11.4 % in β-tub (421 bp), 8.6 % in rpb 2 (758 bp) and 3.1 % in tef- 1 α (841 bp) sequences. The nucleotide comparison between MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and N. thailandica (MFLU 19 - 2118) showed differences of 7.7 % and 2.6 % across ITS (543 bp) and tef- 1 α (841 bp) sequences, respectively. We were unable to compare the differences across LSU and β-tub regions between MFLUCC 23 - 0238 and N. thailandica (MFLU 19 - 2118) as MFLUCC 23 - 0238 lacks sequence data for LSU, and N. thailandica lacks sequence data for β-tub. Based on the variations in morphology, genetic distances between sister taxa, and the phylogenetic species recognition criteria proposed by Chethana et al. (2021), Jayawardena et al. (2021) and Maharachchikumbura et al. (2021), we establish MFLUCC 23 - 0238 as a new species, Nigropunctata chiangraiensis.	en	Tun, Zaw Lin, Gomdola, Deecksha, Maharachchikumbura, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun Sajeewa S. N., Alotibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D. (2024): A novel species and a new geographical record of Nigropunctata from Bambusa vulgaris in northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 676 (2): 155-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4
A85ACE28FF8E540D06F78142FEFE9675.taxon	description	Saprobic on dead branches of Bambusa vulgaris. Sexual morph: Ascomata 500 – 560 × 590 – 610 μm (x ̄ = 526 × 606 μm, n = 5), immersed, unilocular, solitary or gregarious, perithecial, globose to subglobose, ostiolate. Ostioles 120 – 130 × 70 – 90 μm wide (x ̄ = 123 × 82 μm, n = 5), central, filled with periphyses, covered with black, thick-walled clypeus. Ectostroma yellow. Peridium 95 – 160 μm wide (x ̄ = 122 μm, n = 5), comprising two layers; outer layer composed of dark brown, thick-walled cells of textura angularis, inner layer composed of hyaline, thin-walled cells of textura angularis. Paraphyses 3 – 4 μm (x ̄ = 3.5 μm, n = 20) wide, longer than asci, numerous, filamentous, sinuous, septate, constricted at septa, guttulate, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 80 – 200 × 11.5 – 23 μm (x ̄ = 163 × 19 μm, n = 20), unitunicate, 8 - spored, cylindrical to clavate, comprising a short pedicel, rounded and sometimes narrower at the apex with a J +, apical ring. Apical ring 5.5 – 7 μm (x ̄ = 6 μm, n = 10), discoid. Ascospores 17 – 25 × 7 – 10 μm (x ̄ = 21.4 × 7.9, n = 20), uni-seriate, hyaline to dark brown, smooth-walled, cylindrical or broadly ellipsoidal or fusiform, aseptate, comprising a central or multiple smaller guttules, the ascospores covered with a thick mucilaginous sheath. Sheath 3 – 4 μm thick (x ̄ = 3.9 μm, n = 10). Germ slit on ventral side of the ascospore, straight, along the entire spore length. Asexual morph: Not observed. Culture characteristics: — Colonies on MEA reaching 1 cm diam. after 2 weeks, incubated at 25 ° C; colonies from above white, flat, with irregular margins, and slightly cottony; colonies from reverse yellowish.	en	Tun, Zaw Lin, Gomdola, Deecksha, Maharachchikumbura, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun Sajeewa S. N., Alotibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D. (2024): A novel species and a new geographical record of Nigropunctata from Bambusa vulgaris in northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 676 (2): 155-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4
A85ACE28FF8E540D06F78142FEFE9675.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: — Thailand, Chiang Rai Province, Mae Fah Luang University Campus, on fallen dead branches of Bambusa vulgaris (Poaceae), 15 September 2022, Z. L. Tun, ZL 138 (MFLU 23 - 0382); living culture (MFLUCC 23 - 0237). Distributions: — China (Li et al. 2024), Thailand (This study). GenBank accession numbers: — ITS = OR 909613, β-tub = PQ 397546, rpb 2 = OR 757299 and tef- 1 α = PQ 505631. Notes: — Our isolate (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) clusters with the type of N. khalidii (GMB 1156) with 100 % ML and 1 PP statistical support (Fig. 1). The morphology of our isolate (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) is similar to that of N. khalidii (GMB 1156). The ascospores of N. khalidii (GMB 1156 and MFLUCC 23 - 0237) are brown to dark brown (Li et al. 2024). The asci length of our isolate (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) is 80 – 200 µm while those of the type of N. khalidii (GMB 1156) is 146 – 173 µm. The ascospore width of N. khalidii (MFLUCC 23 - 0237 and GMB 1156) is also similar (17 – 25 µm vs. 14.8 – 18 µm). However, the ascospores of N. khalidii (GMB 1156) lack a germ slit (Li et al. 2024), but the ascospores of our isolate (MFLUCC 23 - 0237) has a germ slit. Upon comparison of the intra-species genetic distances between the two strains of N. khalidii, 0.4 % (410 bp) and 2.3 % (430 bp) differences were observed across ITS and β-tub sequences. Considering the insignificant intra-species differences, similar morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, we identify MFLUCC 23 - 0237 as N. khalidii. This is the first report of N. khalidii from Thailand. Here, we also provide rpb 2 and tef- 1 α sequence data for N. khalidii.	en	Tun, Zaw Lin, Gomdola, Deecksha, Maharachchikumbura, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun Sajeewa S. N., Alotibi, Fatimah, Hyde, Kevin D. (2024): A novel species and a new geographical record of Nigropunctata from Bambusa vulgaris in northern Thailand. Phytotaxa 676 (2): 155-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.2.4
