identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
95D862356C4257648CF7A24CC007EE72.text	95D862356C4257648CF7A24CC007EE72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aspidiotus nerii Bouche 1833	<div><p>Aspidiotus nerii Bouche, 1833</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 6 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Condesuyos, Islay, La Union.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 2 adult females, ex Persea americana, Corire (Castilla), 12/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Caramba-Chaparra (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, Chichas (Condesuyos), 12/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 22 adult females, ex Persea americana, Uchumayo (Arequipa), 28/08/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Persea americana, Cotahuasi (La Union), 24/07/2022, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Caraveli (Caraveli), 12/02/2020, A Llacctas ; • 4 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/2020, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Uchumayo (Arequipa), 04/03/2020 , • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chichas (Condesuyos), 12/03/2020; A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaupo-Quechualla (La Union), 24/07/22, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Vitor (Arequipa), 24/07/2019, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli) 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Yauca (Caraveli) 11/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Quilca (Camana) 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Cocachacra (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 3 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Chichas (Condesuyos) 12/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Pampas de la amistad-Majes (Caylloma), 28/08/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Bartra (1976) reported this species as A. hederae (Comstock, 1883), a junior synonymy of Aspidiotus nerii Bouche, 1883 on avocados in Peru, and Beingolea and Salazar (1970) reported it on olives in Peru.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95D862356C4257648CF7A24CC007EE72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
133745B18FA75EF3972C18B281186ED8.text	133745B18FA75EF3972C18B281186ED8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock 1881	<div><p>Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, 1881</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 2 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Castilla.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huancarqui (Castilla), 12/07/2019, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species found on grapes in Arequipa. Couturier et al. (1997) reported it on Myrtaceae fruit trees in Pucallpa, Peru; Marin-Loayza and Cisneros (1996) reported it on orange trees in Cañete Lima, Peru. The species has been found on avocados in Cuba (Ballou 1926), and Israel (Ben-Dov 1970 a), and the United States Virgin Islands (Nakahara 1983).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/133745B18FA75EF3972C18B281186ED8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
F6A3BC95EAC259AF923E83133FB342B3.text	F6A3BC95EAC259AF923E83133FB342B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 2 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 19 adult females, ex Persea americana, Huancarqui (Castilla), 21/08/2021, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/2020, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Luchea-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Central-Aplao (Castilla), 21/08/2021, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Marin-Loayza and Cisneros (1995) reported this species on Annona cherimola Mill., Annona muricata L., and Mammea americana L. in Peru. This is the first record of C. rusci found on avocados and grapes in Arequipa. It has also been found on avocados and grapes in Israel (Ben-Dov 1970 b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F6A3BC95EAC259AF923E83133FB342B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
B727B9CC533F5F28B1C7B59AD859C7EE.text	B727B9CC533F5F28B1C7B59AD859C7EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio 1900	<div><p>Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio, 1900</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 2 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 28/02/2020, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru. It was found on grapes in Arequipa and has also been found on avocados in the Canary Islands of Spain (Carnero and Perez 1986) and Australia (Qin and Gullan 1994).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B727B9CC533F5F28B1C7B59AD859C7EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
EBE674431AA75CE6B38C286EA1A60382.text	EBE674431AA75CE6B38C286EA1A60382.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan 1889)	<div><p>Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan, 1889)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 6 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, Santa Isabel de Siguas (Arequipa), 23/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 18 adult females, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 29/11/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 13 adult females, ex Persea americana, Chaparra (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, Andamayo-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 30/06/2019, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Uchumayo (Arequipa), 04/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Luchea-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Central-Aplao (Castilla) 14/03/20, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Beingolea (1967) and Beingolea (1969 a) reported C. dictyospermi on citrus in Peru. Nuñez (2008) reported that intense infestations have occurred in avocado trees in the southern coast of Peru. Our study found this species on avocados and grapes in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBE674431AA75CE6B38C286EA1A60382	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
1233AC7A7F155E5F9A603D5ED9669D42.text	1233AC7A7F155E5F9A603D5ED9669D42.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, 1758</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 3 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Condesuyos, La Union.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 29/06/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 14 adult females, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 30/11/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 4 adult females, ex Persea americana, Chaparra (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 12 adult females, ex Persea americana, Andamayo-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 3 adult females, ex Persea americana, El Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), 26/08/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, La Joya (Arequipa), 28/08/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Persea americana, Cotahuasi (La Union), 24/07/2022, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaparra (Caraveli), 15/06/2019, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Santa Isabel de Siguas (Arequipa), 23/07/2019, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/2020, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 19/08/2021, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Corire-Aplao (Castilla), 20/08/2021, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Andamayo-Aplao (Castilla), 21/08/2021, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Central-Aplao (Castilla), 21/08/2021, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Bederski (1969), and Beingolea (1967) reported this species on citrus in Peru. This is the first record of this species found on avocados and grapes in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1233AC7A7F155E5F9A603D5ED9669D42	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
5247B2025433568B8210497212DE6325.text	5247B2025433568B8210497212DE6325.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coccus longulus (Douglas 1887)	<div><p>Coccus longulus (Douglas, 1887)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 3 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaparra (Caraveli) 15/06/2019 , • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Samuel Pastor (Camana) 30/06/2019, A Llacctas; A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/2020, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huancarqui (Castilla), 15/03/2020, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru. It was found on grapes in Arequipa, and has been found on grapes in India (Ali 1971), and New Zealand (Hodgson and Henderson 2000).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5247B2025433568B8210497212DE6325	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
1E1D5323A6F0566C842B6957F5F8C8DB.text	1E1D5323A6F0566C842B6957F5F8C8DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fiorinia fioriniae (Targioni Tozzetti 1867)	<div><p>Fiorinia fioriniae (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 6 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, Corire (Castilla), 12/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 4 adult females, ex Persea americana, Camana (Camana), 29/06/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Acari (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Cocachacra (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Collantes and Rodriguez (2022) reported it on avocados in Valle de Cañete, Lima, Peru. We found this species on avocados, and this is the first record on olives from Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E1D5323A6F0566C842B6957F5F8C8DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
092336DBAB4150DCB47597EF023E09DE.text	092336DBAB4150DCB47597EF023E09DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Furchadaspis zamiae (Morgan 1890)	<div><p>Furchadaspis zamiae (Morgan, 1890)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 6 G, H</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Caraveli.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 7 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Acari (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru; it was found on olives in Caraveli in the Arequipa region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/092336DBAB4150DCB47597EF023E09DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
DD0045F5BD8357E881D2580A3F7670CE.text	DD0045F5BD8357E881D2580A3F7670CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiberlesia cyanophylli (Signoret 1869)	<div><p>Hemiberlesia cyanophylli (Signoret, 1869)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 7 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 7 adult females, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 28/06/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 5 adult females, ex Persea americana, Corire (Castilla), 12/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Santa Rita de Siguas (Arequipa), 23/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 8 adult females, ex Persea americana, Caramba-Chaparra (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 8 adult females, ex Persea americana, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 3 adult females, ex Persea americana, El Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), 26/08/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaparra (Caraveli), 15/06/19, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 28/02/2020, A Llacctas ; • 3 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), 26/08/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Joya (Arequipa), 27/08/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Camana (Camana), 30/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Yauca (Caraveli), 12/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Beingolea and Salazar (1970) found this species on olives in two irrigation areas of Ica, Peru. Nuñez (2008) reported it on avocados, and olives in Peru, and Vasquez et al. (2002) reported it on guava ( Psidium guajava) in Peru. Our study found it on avocados, olives, and grapes.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD0045F5BD8357E881D2580A3F7670CE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
15197ABB36215F5E8BB8CE62A7ECF539.text	15197ABB36215F5E8BB8CE62A7ECF539.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret 1869)	<div><p>Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 7 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Condesuyos, Islay, La Union.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 9 adult females, ex Persea americana, El Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), 22/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 12 females, ex Persea americana, Santa Isabel de Siguas (Arequipa), 23/07/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 3 adult females, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 29/11/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 10 adult females, ex Persea americana, Caraveli (Caraveli), 12/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 5 adult females, ex Persea americana, Andamayo-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Camana (Camana), 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Cotahuasi (La Union), 24/07/2022, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Ocoña (Camana), 27/02/2020, A Llacctas ; • 4 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 28/02/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 14/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huatiapilla-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Sotillo-Vitor (Arequipa), 27/08/20, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Caraveli (Caraveli), 18/08/21, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaupo (La Union), 24/07/22, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Cocachacra (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Chichas (Condesuyos), 12/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 3 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Gonzalez (1966) reported H. lataniae on grapes from Arequipa. Beingolea and Salazar (1970) reported it in great quantities on olives from Arequipa. Nuñez (2008) reported on avocados from Peru. Our study found it on avocados from Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/15197ABB36215F5E8BB8CE62A7ECF539	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
296BEBF7E2FB5A7D9B8070C70EEF5618.text	296BEBF7E2FB5A7D9B8070C70EEF5618.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell 1893)	<div><p>Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell, 1893)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 7 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Pampas De La Amistad-Majes (Caylloma), 28/08/2020 , • 7 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Acari (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Vasquez et al. (2002) reported it on Psidium guajava in the Peruvian Amazonia. Our study found it on olives in Arequipa. Gonzalez and Charlin (1968), and Aguilera et al. (1981) reported it on avocados, and olives in Chile.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/296BEBF7E2FB5A7D9B8070C70EEF5618	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
7333B6BC6D7F54F18E082DB7C28276E3.text	7333B6BC6D7F54F18E082DB7C28276E3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock 1881)	<div><p>Hemiberlesia rapax (Comstock, 1881)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 7 G, H</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Caraveli (Caraveli), 12/02/2020 ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Ocoña (Camana), 27/02/20, A Llacctas ; • 4 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/20, A Llacctas ; • 4 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Uchumayo (Arequipa), 04/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Corire-Uraca (Castilla), 15/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 19/08/21, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Nakahara (1982) reported this species from Peru. Beingolea and Salazar 1970 reported it on olives in Peru. Our study found it on grapes in the Arequipa region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7333B6BC6D7F54F18E082DB7C28276E3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
3614878E0F64589AA7220ABEEEBADDC8.text	3614878E0F64589AA7220ABEEEBADDC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kilifia acuminata (Signoret 1873)	<div><p>Kilifia acuminata (Signoret, 1873)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 4 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 3 adult females, ex Olea europaea, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 28/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 3 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 3 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Acari (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, La Central-Aplao (Castilla), 21/08/2021, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru. It was found on olives in Arequipa. Nakahara (1981) reported it on avocados, and on other hosts of the Oleaceae family in Hawaii.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3614878E0F64589AA7220ABEEEBADDC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
A2528E9849715426995B64161C85F66A.text	A2528E9849715426995B64161C85F66A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanaspis squamea Ferris 1943	<div><p>Melanaspis squamea Ferris, 1943</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 8 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>1 adult female, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 28/06/2020, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru; it was found on avocados in Arequipa. Deitz and Davidson (1986) in their revision of the genus Melanaspis in North America listed M. deklei, M. nigropunctata, and M. squamea as associated with avocados and M. odontoglossi as the only species known from Peru. Melanaspis squamea is the only species in this group that lacks perivulvar pores and has transverse, dark sclerotized bars on the pygidium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2528E9849715426995B64161C85F66A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
80B950AD08D25BC79AFCB60DADAAC31A.text	80B950AD08D25BC79AFCB60DADAAC31A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Comstock 1883)	<div><p>Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Comstock, 1883)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 8 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huancarqui (Castilla), 12/07/19, A Llacctas ; 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaparra (Caraveli), 17/08/2021, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Nakahara (1982) reported O. spinosus in Peru. Our study found this species on grapes in Arequipa. Ferris (1938) reported on avocados and grapes in the United States, and Gerson and Zor (1973) reported it on avocados in Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/80B950AD08D25BC79AFCB60DADAAC31A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
8D73E932E0415CE69EC9E381A1B19B47.text	8D73E932E0415CE69EC9E381A1B19B47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ovaticoccus peruvianus (Granara de Willink and Diaz 2007)	<div><p>Ovaticoccus peruvianus (Granara de Willink and Diaz 2007)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 12 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huancarqui (Castilla) 12/07/2019, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Corire (Castilla), 20/08/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Central (Castilla), 21/08/21, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Vitor (Arequipa), 22/08/21, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Granara de Willink and Diaz (2007) described this species as Oregmopyga peruviana on grapes in La Libertad, Lima, Ica, Arequipa, Moquegua, and Tacna, Peru, and stated that it greatly affects grapes in the Majes Valley, Arequipa. Miller and Stocks (2022) synonymized Oregmopyga with Ovaticoccus, which transferred this species to the genus Ovaticoccus, and reported it on Beaucarnea sp. from Mexico, and grass from Oklahoma (USA).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D73E932E0415CE69EC9E381A1B19B47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
3F45D0C0FBFA5F5087CAA198204D2FEE.text	3F45D0C0FBFA5F5087CAA198204D2FEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner 1861)	<div><p>Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 4 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Camana (Camana), 29/06/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Santa Isabel de Siguas (Arequipa), 23/07/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 3 adult females, ex Persea americana, Huancarqui (Castilla), 21/08/2021, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 28/02/20, A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Vitor (Arequipa), 27/08/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Chaparra (Caraveli), 17/08/21, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Huancarqui (Castilla), 21/08/21, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species found on avocados and grapes in Arequipa. Marin-Loayza and Cisneros (1979) reported it on avocados and grapes from Peru. Elsebaay and Ahmed (2017) reported it on olives in Egypt, and Ben-Dov (1978) list grapes and avocados among its hosts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F45D0C0FBFA5F5087CAA198204D2FEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
8796D235690A59CB9978123E05439209.text	8796D235690A59CB9978123E05439209.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pinnaspis aspidistrae (Signoret 1869)	<div><p>Pinnaspis aspidistrae (Signoret, 1869)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 9 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Persea americana, Camana 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 5 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana, 19/08/2021, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Marin-Loayza and Cisneros (1982) reported this species on avocados from the central coast of Peru. Collantes and Rodriguez (2022) recorded P. aspidistrae on avocados in Valle de Cañete, Lima, Peru. Our study found this species on avocados, and grapes from Arequipa. Wolff et al. (2018) reported it on olives in Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8796D235690A59CB9978123E05439209	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
404C233E53C4509F92882556B86811E8.text	404C233E53C4509F92882556B86811E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley 1899)	<div><p>Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley, 1899)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 9 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Camana (Camana), 30/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 6 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Marin-Loayza and Cisneros (1982) reported this species on olives in Peru. Our study found P. strachani on olives from Arequipa, and Wolff (2014) reported it on olives in Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/404C233E53C4509F92882556B86811E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
47C7C0F59F265FAA8595E85AF0335FE1.text	47C7C0F59F265FAA8595E85AF0335FE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Planococcus citri (Risso 1813)	<div><p>Planococcus citri (Risso, 1813)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 14 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Condesuyos.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 29/11/2019, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species was previously reported on Vitis vinifera (Salazar 1972), in citrus orchards (Bederski 1969), on avocados (Ben-Dov 1994), and on apple, Malus domestica Borkh. in Mala valley (De la Cruz 1996) in Peru. Our study found it on avocados in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47C7C0F59F265FAA8595E85AF0335FE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
8ECB64212A135093A2177A173A884875.text	8ECB64212A135093A2177A173A884875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Planococcus ficus (Signoret 1875)	<div><p>Planococcus ficus (Signoret, 1875)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 14 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Castilla, Caylloma.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, 24/07/2019, La Joya (Arequipa), A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, 15/03/20, Corire-Uraca (Castilla), A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, 27/08/20, La Joya (Arequipa), A Llacctas ; • 2 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, 22/01/21, El Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, 22/08/2021, La Joya (Arequipa), A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first report of this species in Peru; it was found on grapes in Arequipa, and was more prevalent in samples from Caylloma (Arequipa). It has been reported on a variety of hosts, especially on grapevines in the Palaearctic, Afrotropical, and Neotropical regions (Cox 1989).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8ECB64212A135093A2177A173A884875	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
B1D843A225215E479DA50F6469995A0D.text	B1D843A225215E479DA50F6469995A0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praelongorthezia olivicola (Beingolea 1965)	<div><p>Praelongorthezia olivicola (Beingolea, 1965)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 13 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Ocoña (Camana), 29/06/2019, M Beltran ; 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 30/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Yauca (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Beingolea (1965), and Beingolea and Salazar (1970), reported this species as Orthezia olivicola Beingolea 1965, a junior synonym of Praelongorthezia olivicola (Beingolea, 1965) on olives from Yauca, Acari, Bella Union, Chaparra, Caraveli, and Camana, Arequipa. Our study found it in several of these same sites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B1D843A225215E479DA50F6469995A0D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
14A144D309595E37BC49024135A4E183.text	14A144D309595E37BC49024135A4E183.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell 1894)	<div><p>Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell, 1894)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 4 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Castilla.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Persea americana, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Persea americana, Huancarqui (Castilla), 15/03/2020, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Couturier et al. (1997) reported this species on fruit trees of the Myrtaceae family in Pucallpa, Peru. This is the first record of this species found on avocados in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/14A144D309595E37BC49024135A4E183	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
F4DBBE40B60257FAAD283A6EA7A85120.text	F4DBBE40B60257FAAD283A6EA7A85120.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudischnaspis bowreyi (Cockerell 1893)	<div><p>Pseudischnaspis bowreyi (Cockerell, 1893)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 10 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana, 28/02/2020, A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Miller et al. (1984) reported this species on several hosts in Peru, and Beingolea and Salazar (1970) reported it on olives in Peru. Our study found this species on grapes in Arequipa. Kondo and Muñoz (2016) reported on avocados in Colombia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4DBBE40B60257FAAD283A6EA7A85120	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
0AF13C6ECE2E562F9A2E080FF1E89F54.text	0AF13C6ECE2E562F9A2E080FF1E89F54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti 1867)	<div><p>Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 14 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 6 adult females, ex Persea americana, Camana (Camana), 29/06/2019, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Huancarqui-Aplao (Castilla), 15/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, La Barrera-Yanaquihua (Condesuyos), 13/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Luchea- Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/20, A Llacctas ; • 1 adult female, ex Vitis vinifera, Camana (Camana), 19/08/21, A Llacctas ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Bella Union (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Yauca (Caraveli), 12/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, La Central-Aplao (Castilla), 21/08/2021, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Salazar (1972) reported this species on olives in Peru, and Carnero and Perez (1986) recorded it on avocados in the Canary Islands, and Cox (1987) reported it on grapes in New Zealand. Our study found P. longispinus on avocados, grapes, and olives from Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AF13C6ECE2E562F9A2E080FF1E89F54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
4049E9805D0A59D4A9F60D3A98457035.text	4049E9805D0A59D4A9F60D3A98457035.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret 1875)	<div><p>Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret, 1875)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 14 G, H</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Caylloma.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Vitis vinifera, 22/04/2018, El Pedregal-Majes (Caylloma), A Llacctas .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Salazar (1972) reported this species as Pseudococcus obscurus Essig, 1909, a junior synonym of Pseudococcus viburni on Ficus carica in Peru. Ben-Dov (1994) reported it on grapes in Peru. Our study found it on grapes in Arequipa, from samples collected exclusively from Pedregal (Caylloma).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4049E9805D0A59D4A9F60D3A98457035	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
9DDDC12B1F8B50ACA9AF1945CEDF3EA6.text	9DDDC12B1F8B50ACA9AF1945CEDF3EA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoparlatoria parlatorioides (Comstock 1883)	<div><p>Pseudoparlatoria parlatorioides (Comstock, 1883)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 10 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa, Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Condesuyos, La Union.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 6 adult females, ex Persea americana, Caraveli (Caraveli) 12/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 17 adult females, ex Persea americana, Chichas (Condesuyos), 12/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 1 adult female, ex Persea americana, Camana (Camana), 28/02/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 6 adult females, ex Persea americana, Andamayo-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 6 adult females, ex Persea americana, La Joya (Arequipa), 28/08/2020, J Jihuallanca ; • 2 adult females, ex Persea americana, Cotahuasi (La Union), 24/07/2022, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This represents the first record of this species in Peru, and the first record of the species on avocados in Arequipa. Kondo and Muñoz (2016), and Wolff (2008) reported it on avocados in Colombia and Brazil, respectively.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9DDDC12B1F8B50ACA9AF1945CEDF3EA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
FFFEEDB0331953A9BD040C0EB3A6787F.text	FFFEEDB0331953A9BD040C0EB3A6787F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pulvinaria psidii Maskell 1893	<div><p>Pulvinaria psidii Maskell, 1893</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 4 G, H</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Arequipa.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Vitor (Arequipa), 24/07/2019, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Vitor (Arequipa), 27/08/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species in Peru; it was found on olives in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FFFEEDB0331953A9BD040C0EB3A6787F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
4D79DAC715D457AA8F787BE4C26AD734.text	4D79DAC715D457AA8F787BE4C26AD734.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saissetia coffeae (Walker 1852)	<div><p>Saissetia coffeae (Walker, 1852)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 5 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Condesuyos, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Chaparra (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 1 adult female, ex Olea europaea, San Juan de Chorunga-Rio Grande (Condesuyos), 28/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Samuel Pastor (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Quilca (Camana), 28/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Pampas de la Amistad- Majes (Caylloma), 28/08/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Aguilar et al. (1980) reported S. coffeae on olives in Tacna, and Beingolea and Salazar (1970) on olives in Yauca, and Bella Union, as a “ rare ” species, that only causes serious problems in Yauca (Caraveli). Also, it has been reported as a minor pest of citrus trees (Beingolea 1967). Corseuil and Barbosa (1971) recorded this species on olives in Brazil, Hodgson and Henderson (2000) reported it on olives in New Zealand, and Nakahara (1981) reported it on grapes in the Hawaiian Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D79DAC715D457AA8F787BE4C26AD734	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
4616BC193BDF5B19B8549E880EA5791C.text	4616BC193BDF5B19B8549E880EA5791C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saissetia neglecta De Lotto 1969	<div><p>Saissetia neglecta De Lotto, 1969</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 5 C, D</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Caraveli.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 9 adult females, ex Persea americana, Chaparra (Caraveli), 15/06/2019, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This is the first record of this species found in Peru; based on our collection of this on avocados in Arequipa. Kondo and Muñoz (2016) reported it on avocados in Colombia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4616BC193BDF5B19B8549E880EA5791C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
820D9D0C6CAA5333AE7B2C606C3D4C16.text	820D9D0C6CAA5333AE7B2C606C3D4C16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saissetia oleae (Olivier 1791)	<div><p>Saissetia oleae (Olivier, 1791)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 5 E, F</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Camana, Caraveli, Castilla, Caylloma, Islay.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Camana (Camana), 30/06/2019, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Acari (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult adult females, ex Olea europaea, Chaparra (Caraveli), 10/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 5 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Yauca (Caraveli), 11/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Punta de Bombon (Islay), 29/02/2020, M Beltran ; • 2 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Ongoro-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, M Beltran ; • 4 adult females, ex Olea europaea, Pampas de la amistad-Majes (Caylloma), 28/08/2020, M Beltran .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Gonzalez (1966) and Aguilar et al. (1980) reported this species on olives in Peru, Beingolea (1967) recorded as an occasional pest casual in citrus orchards in Peru, and Beingolea and Salazar (1970) observed this species on olives from several localities in Arequipa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/820D9D0C6CAA5333AE7B2C606C3D4C16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
6925F32552855138A0D912086BB843EB.text	6925F32552855138A0D912086BB843EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Selenaspidus articulatus (Morgan 1889)	<div><p>Selenaspidus articulatus (Morgan, 1889)</p><p>Suppl. material 1: fig. S 11 A, B</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Peru: Castilla.</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>• 5 adult females, ex Persea americana, Huatiapilla-Aplao (Castilla), 14/03/2020, J Jihuallanca .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Beingolea and Salazar (1970) reported this species on olives, Beingolea (1967) on citrus, and Beingolea (1969 b) on olives, and citrus in Peru. Our study found this species on avocados in the Arequipa region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6925F32552855138A0D912086BB843EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy;Llacctas, Anali;Huanca, Javier;Evans, Gregory	Beltran-Moreno, Maholy, Llacctas, Anali, Huanca, Javier, Evans, Gregory (2025): A survey of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on avocados, olives, and grapes in the Peruvian region of Arequipa. ZooKeys 1257: 91-125, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1257.163722
