identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B5213824FFEBFFAEFE36FDD6C7730B1A.text	B5213824FFEBFFAEFE36FDD6C7730B1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oiticicarcinia Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Genus Oiticicarcinia n. gen.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 13A2BA15-E0EB-42B4-8C3C-D7145EA3873B</p><p>Type species: Oiticicarcinia epikarstica n. sp.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head shield trapezoidal, wider than long, expanded laterally, wider than pleotelson. Pleon in a continuous line with pereon, as wide as pereon, pleon length about 40% of body length; pleonites I–II dorsally visible on middle, partially covered by pereonite VII, pleonite I smaller than pleonite II. Pleotelson length about 25% of body length and 60% of pleon length. Genital papilla bilobated. Pleopods III – V expanded, subrectangular shaped, longer than wide, with two plumose setae distally, on distal medial corner of exopodite. Uropods exceeding pleotelson apex.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The term “Oiticica” derives from the Brazilian native tree belonging to the genus Licania (Magnoliophyta), frequently found in the Caatinga biome and often growing near cave entrances in the region where the species was discovered. Its name originates from the Indigenous Tupi-Guarani language and is combined with the Greek word “carcinia”, meaning small shrimp. Gender feminine.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks</p><p>In the Calabozoidea, pleon and respective pleopods morphology holds significance in the group’s phylogeny (Van Lieshout 1983; Messana et al. 2002; Prevorčnik et al. 2012; Tabacaru and Danielopol 1999; Tabacaru and Giurginca 2019, 2021). However, as new species continue to be discovered, pleon morphology emerges as a crucial character in defining both family and species levels. The newly proposed genus, Oiticicarcinia n. gen., displays notable features such as the reduction of pleonites I and II, well-developed pleopods III – V, and a pleotelson shape akin to other members of Calabozoidae, distinguishing it from Brasileirinidae . Oiticicarcinia n. gen. displays a wider head shield in relation to pleotelson width, while in the former genera it is slender compared to the pleotelson. The pleotelson is relatively short, making up approximately 25% of the body length and 60% of the pleon length. In contrast, in both Pongycarcinia and Calabozoa the head shield is slender than the pleotelson and the pleotelson accounts for about 30% of the body length and 75% of the pleon length. As a member of Calabozoidae, Oiticicarcinia n. gen. presents the pleopods I and II in both males and females. Until now, the genital papilla was known to have one sole genital apophysis in all three known species of Calabozoidea, while in Oiticicarcinia n. gen. it is bilobed, a novelty for the taxon, but a common feature of variation among isopod species (Wilson 1991). The subrectangular shape of the pleopods III – V exopods differs from those of Pongycarcinia and Calabozoa, which are oval with plumose setae along the margins.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFEBFFAEFE36FDD6C7730B1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFECFFA2FE07FEE3C02E0B41.text	B5213824FFECFFA2FE07FEE3C02E0B41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oiticicarcinia epikarstica Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Oiticicarcinia epikarstica n. sp.</p><p>Figures 2–4, 13A</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F60DF0A9-814D-4107-B54D-DB0A5F82AB0D</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL: Holotype ♂ (ISLA 96917), Rio Grande do Norte state, Felipe Guerra municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.6586&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.56051" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.6586/lat -5.56051)">Crotes cave</a> (5.56051°S, 37.65860°W), 23.V.2023, leg. DMB . Paratypes: 1 ♀, 1 ♂ in slide (ISLA 96918), 21.VII.2017, same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (ISLA 96919), 3.X.2021, same data as holotype; 1 ♂ in slide (ISLA 96920), 09.XII.2022, same data as holotype .</p><p>Description</p><p>Body approximately 1.3 mm, three times as long as wide (Figures 2A, 14A). Head shield with clypeus short; eyes absent. Pereonites rectangular, with round epimeral angles, three setae on lateral margins and four setae dorsally on pereonites I–IV and two on pereonites V – VII; pereonites I and III with similar width, wider than pereonite VII (Figure 2A). Pleon about 40% of body length; pleonites I–II reduced, pleonites I and III about 20% and 90% of pereonite VII width, pleonites III – V with two setae laterally. Pleotelson (Figures 2A, 3D) approximately 20% of body length, and 50% of pleon length, slightly wider than long, with five setae on lateral margin, apex with two long setae plus four short setae. Antennula (Figure 2B) longer than peduncle of antenna, flagellum of one article with one aesthetasc, twice longer than flagellum. Antenna (Figure 2B) long, about 50% of body length, reaching pereonite V, flagellum with seven articles. Mandibles (Figure 2C,D) lacinia mobilis with denticulate apex, one pappose robust seta, right and left incisor with three and four teeth. Maxillula (Figure 2E) lateral lobe with five robust simple setae, three robust serrate setae and one trifid seta medially, mesial lobe with two robust pappose setae and one serrated seta. Maxilla (Figure 2F) lateral and medial lobe with seven serrate setae each; mesial lobe with four plumose setae and three simple setae. Maxilliped (Figure 2G) endite proximal lobe with five pappose setae apically, distal lobe with seven pappose setae; palp of five articles, first article fused with maxilliped body, articles with long simple setae, article 5 smallest, with tuft of setae distally. Pereopod I (Figure 3A) ambulatory, carpus 1/3 of propodus length, propodus medial margin with three serrate setae, dactylus shorter than propodus, unguis shorter than dactylus; propodus and unguis medial margin with scales. Pereopod II (Figure 3B) carpus as long as propodus, propodus distal lateral corner with one plumose seta, dactylus shorter than propodus, unguis medial margin with scales. Pereopods III –VII progressively growing in length. Pereopod VII (Figure 3C) 1.5 times longer than pereopod I, propodus two times longer than carpus, unguis half dactylus length. Uropods (Figures 2A, 3D) longer than pleotelson apex, uniramous, styliform, with acute apex, about 20% of pleotelson length.</p><p>Immature male. Genital papilla (Figure 3D,E) bilobed, apex round. Pleopod I (Figure 3D,E) longer than wide with two plumose seta on distal margin. Pleopod II (Figure 3D,E) protopodite trapezoidal, endopodite simple, longer than exopodite; exopodite ovoid with two distal plumose setae. Pleopods III and V exopodite with oval shape, similar in size, with two distal plumose setae; pleopod IV bigger than others (Figure 3D).</p><p>Mature male. Genital papilla (Figure 3F) bilobed, apex tapering. Pleopod I (Figure 3F) simple, exopodite longer than protopodite, apex tapering. Pleopod II (Figure 3G) protopodite rectangular, longer than wide, endopodite longer than exopodite, apex tapering; outer ramus short with seta on apex. Pleopods III exopod (Figure 3H) oval shape with two distal plumose setae.</p><p>Etymology The species epithet “epikarstica ” refers to the species habitat.</p><p>Habitat, treats and conservation status</p><p>Specimens of O. epikarstica n. sp. were exclusively collected in Crotes cave, a limestone cave (Figure 4A, B) that is part of a complex of 120 caves located within the outcrop locally known as “Lajedo do Rosário”, most of which lack perennial water bodies. Although several other caves with water bodies in the region have been investigated, no other specimens of O. epikarstica n. sp. were found. This increases the relevance and biological uniqueness of Crotes cave, as it is home to an exclusive stygobiotic fauna composed of flatworms ( Hausera hauseri Leal-Zanchet &amp; Souza, 2014), amphipods, cirolanids ( Isopoda) and earthworms (Oligochaeta) that have not yet been described (Bento et al. 2021; Bento et al. 2024).</p><p>Formed by the expansion of a diaclasis (a diagenetic fracture in the rock) the main gallery of Crotes cave extends over a linear projection of 351.5 meters. The roof features several vertical openings through which external light enters, fostering the growth of vegetation, including trees (Figure 4C). Despite predominantly dry substrates, a small perennial stream (Figure 4D) drains water from the epikarstic system, traversing an upper small conduit. This stream boasts a series of travertine pools with depths ranging from a few centimeters to around 30 centimeters.</p><p>Despite several visits to the cave, only a few specimens of O. epikarstica n. sp. were observed, indicating the rarity of this species in this accessible part of its habitat. The specimens were found on the bottom of the drainage, often associated with small pieces of vegetal debris such as decomposed small branches and fragmented leaves. Their preference for decaying branches or leaves with darker coloration made them somewhat easier to detect amidst the calcium carbonate substrate.</p><p>The physical-chemical parameters of the drainage were assessed during nine visits to the cave between 6. III.2021 and 12.IX.2023, unveiling the following characteristics of this water body: water temperature: 27.14±1.01°C; pH: 7.72±0.58; conductivity: 0.28±0.05 µScm-1; dissolved oxygen: 6.29± 3.01mg /l; total dissolved solids: 0.18± 0.03 g /l; total phosphorus: 34.63±6.85μg/L; total nitrogen: 5.93± 5.54mg /l; total carbon: 14.37± 5.68 mg /l.</p><p>While tourists regularly visit the cave, access to the upper conduit containing the drainage is currently restricted. However, if this situation changes and the upper conduit becomes accessible to visitors, it poses a potential risk to the species. Additionally, visitation may disturb bats, leading to a decrease in guano deposition, which would likely further reduce the already limited supply of organic matter. Another potential impact is the future installation of mining projects in the region, as the area falls within mining polygons with research authorization. Given that Crotes cave is the sole known habitat of O. epikarstica n. sp., and considering these potential impacts, the new species could be classified as Vulnerable under criterion D2. Therefore, it is imperative to initiate monitoring programs to assess the conservation status of the cave and the remaining cave-restricted species it harbors.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFECFFA2FE07FEE3C02E0B41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFE0FFA2FDD5FEBAC7410F18.text	B5213824FFE0FFA2FDD5FEBAC7410F18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itararecarcinia Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Itararecarcinia n. gen.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D800FEB3-7CB3-490E-BFA5-DFF2806CC852</p><p>Type species: Itararecarcinia yapyra n. sp.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head shield trapezoidal, wider than long, slender than pleotelson. Pleon length about 40% of body length; pleonites I and II reduced but dorsally visible, not covered by pereonite VII, forming a gap between pereon and pleon. Pleotelson about 25% of body length and 60% of pleon length. Genital papilla bilobed. Pleopods III – V expanded, round shaped with two plumose setae proximally, on medial margin.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The name Itararecarcinia is derived from the Indigenous Tupi-Guarani language. “Itãrere” means water that originates in stone and flows down a rock. This is in reference to the resurgence where the species were discovered. Additionally, the name incorporates the Greek word “carcinia” meaning small shrimp. Gender feminine.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks</p><p>As Oiticicarcinia n. gen., Itararecarcinia n. gen. is placed in the family Calabozoidae . Itararecarcinia n. gen. differs from Oiticicarcinia n. gen. by the body shape, with the head shield narrower than the pleotelson (versus wider than the pleotelson); the pleonites I and II not covered by pereonite VII with pereon and pleon line not continuous (versus covered by pereonite VII with a continuous line between pereon and pleon). Itararecarcinia n. gen. and Oiticicarcinia n. gen. are similar in the shape of the genital papilla that is bilobed. Itararecarcinia n. gen. is similar to Pongycarcinia and Calabozoa in the head shield shape that is narrower than the pleotelson; but also differs in body shape that is also continuous in Pongycarcinia and Calabozoa . Moreover, the round shape of pleopods III – V in Itararecarcinia n. gen. resembles Pongycarcinia, contrasting with the oval shape observed in Calabozoa and the subrectangular shape of Oiticicarcinia n. gen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFE0FFA2FDD5FEBAC7410F18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFE0FFA5FE35FAE2C027091F.text	B5213824FFE0FFA5FE35FAE2C027091F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itararecarcinia yapyra Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Itararecarcinia yapyra n. sp.</p><p>Figures 5–9, 10A–C, 14B</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4B851EEC-53A1-49E9-8962-2E09009DC7A5</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL: Holotype ♂ (ISLA96927), Rio Grande do Norte state, Governador Dix-Sept Rosado municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.54165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.48074" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.54165/lat -5.48074)">Olho d’água da Gangorrinha cave</a> (5.48074°S, 37.54165°W), leg. RLF and DMB . Paratypes: 2 ♂♂ (1 ♂ in slide), 7 ♀♀ (ISLA 96928), 3.IV.2024; 3 ♀♀ (ISLA 96922), 4.VI.2021; 4 ♀♀ (ISLA 96923), 11.VII.2021; 8 ♀♀ (1 ♀ on slide) (ISLA 96924), 23.V.2023, same locality as holotype. 1 ♂ (ISLA 96921), 2 ♂♂ in slides, 8 ♀♀ (ISLA 848), 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀ (ISLA865), RN state, Governador Dix-Sept Rosado municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.55927&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.48768" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.55927/lat -5.48768)">Poço Feio cave</a> (5.48768°S, 37.55927°W), 20.VII.2010, leg. RLF .</p><p>Description</p><p>Body approximately 1.6 mm, four times as long as wide (Figures 5A, 13G, 14C). Head shield with clypeus short; eyes absent. Pereonites rectangular, with round epimeral angles and four setae on lateral margins, pereonite III widest (Figure 13G). Pleon (Figures 5A, 13G) length about 35% of body length; pleonites I–II reduced, pleonites I and III width about 60% and 80% of pereonite VII width, pleonites III – V with two setae laterally. Pleotelson (Figures 5A, 10C) approximately 20% of body length, and 60% of pleon length, longer than wide, with seven to nine setae on lateral margin and six setae on apex. Antennula (Figure 5B) shorter than peduncle of antenna, flagellum of one article with one aesthetasc, 1.5 longer than flagellum. Antenna (Figure 5B) long, about 50% of body length, reaching pereonite IV, flagellum with 11 articles. Left mandible (Figure 5D) incisor with four teeth, lacinia mobilis with denticulate apex; right mandible (Figure 5E) incisor with three teeth, lacinia mobilis bifid. Maxillula (Figure 5F) lateral lobe with seven robust simple setae, two robust serrate setae and one trifid seta medially, mesial lobe with three robust pappose setae. Maxilla (Figure 5G) lateral and medial lobe with nine serrate setae each; mesial lobe with four plumose setae and three simple setae. Maxilliped (Figure 5H) endite proximal lobe with seven pappose setae apically, distal lobe with eight pappose setae; palp of five articles, first article fused with maxilliped body, articles with long simple setae, article 5 smallest, with tuft of distal setae. Pereopod I (Figures 6A, 10D) ambulatory, carpus one third of propodus length, propodus medial margin with three serrate setae, dactylus longer than propodus, unguis shorter than dactylus; propodus and unguis lateral margin with scales. Pereopod II (Figure 6B) carpus slightly shorter than propodus, distal margin with one long plumose seta, dactylus shorter than propodus, dactylus and unguis inner margin with scales. Pereopods III –VII progressively growing in length. Pereopod VII (Figure 6C) two times longer than pereopod I, propodus 1.5 longer than carpus, carpus distal dorsal margin with one long plumose seta, unguis as long as dactylus. Uropods (Figure 6D) reduced, not exceeding pleotelson apex, uniramous, stout, 15% of pleotelson length.</p><p>Mature male. Genital papilla (Figure 6D) with bilobed. Pleopod I (Figure 6D) simple, styliform, apex tapering, directed outward. Pleopod II (Figure 6D) endopodite long and simple, exopodite longer than wide, apex with two plumose setae. Pleopods III – V exopod round, longer than wide, with two plumose setae inserted paradistally on medial margin, similar in shape.</p><p>Female. Pleopod I (Figure 6E) endopodite longer than wide, apex with two plumose setae. Pleopod II (Figure 6E) protopodite trapezoidal, endopodite article with one plumose seta apically, exopodite oval shaped with two plumose setae on lateral margin.</p><p>Paratypes from Poço Feio cave. Immature male body with 1.2 mm (Figure 7A). Antenna with 11 articles (Figure 7B). Genital papilla weakly developed. Pleopod I (Figure 7C) longer than wide with two plumose setae apically. Pleopod II (Figure 7C) inner ramus weakly developed, simple, with round outer ramus. Uropods (Figure 7A) weakly developed, not exceeding pleotelson apex. Mature male with pleopod I and II similar to holotype (Figure 7D,E).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The term “yapyra ” originates from the Brazilian Indigenous Tupi language, meaning “headwater” or “a river spring.” This designation is inspired by the caves where the species was discovered, characterized as a karst resurgence.</p><p>Habitat, threats and conservation status</p><p>Specimens of I. yapyra n. sp. were collected in the Olho D’Água da Gangorrinha cave and the Poço Feio cave (Figures 1, 8, 9), both corresponding to karst resurgences situated on the banks of the Apodi-Mossoró River, however, on opposite margins of the river. The water flowing from both resurgences directly meets the river watercourse.</p><p>The Olho D’Água da Gangorrinha cave, with a small entrance, is generally accessible throughout the year, except during certain rainy periods when its entrance becomes submerged (Figure 8C,D). This entrance leads to a narrow conduit, allowing entry into the cave for approximately 5 meters. Beyond this point, access to the innermost parts of the cavity is obstructed by several blocks. Despite its modest size, the entrance allows light to penetrate, ensuring there are no completely dark areas within the accessible region. Along the walls, large tufts of roots from external vegetation thrive, providing a protected habitat and organic resources for the fauna inhabiting them. These roots may also offer protection against predation from epigean fish that enter the cave. Specimens of I. yapyra n. sp. were discovered within the submerged root masses and were collected using a zooplankton net (Figure 8E,F). During sampling, the roots were carefully examined by snorkeling, revealing no specimens of I. yapyra n. sp. in the surrounding areas, indicating their sheltered location deep inside. The roots were then vigorously shaken to remove all small invertebrates. Physicochemical parameters of this drainage were measured during six visits to the cave between November 2021 and August 2023, revealing the following characteristics: water temperature: 32.33±0.24°C; pH: 6.84±0.60; conductivity: 0.94±0.28 µScm-1; dissolved oxygen: 2.07± 1.29mg /l; total dissolved solids: 0.60± 0.18 g /l; total phosphorus: 56.46±15.18 μg/L; total nitrogen: 11.26± 4.20 mg /l; total carbon: 33.97± 14.63 mg /l.</p><p>It is important to highlight that several anthropogenic impacts are observed close to this cave. Aside from vegetation removal, limestone burning to produce lime also substantially alters the cave’s surroundings (Figure 8B). Furthermore, given the short distance, the remnants of this burning process may reach the cave, posing an ongoing threat. This is a particular concern since groundwater and karst aquifers are particularly vulnerable to contamination (Ford and Williams 2007). Lastly, the Olho d’Água da Gangorrinha cave lies within a mining polygon with an allocated mining concession, signaling the potential establishment of a mining project in the near future.</p><p>The Poço Feio cave (Figure 9), a limestone karst resurgence with a substantial flow rate, features a single accessible entrance leading to a small passage connecting to the main conduit 40 meters from the entrance (Figure 9 B-D). Water emerges through gaps between blocks, forming a small 1.8 m deep pool. While the water flow rate varies between dry and rainy periods, the water level fluctuations are not significant. Intense rainfall may cause water to overflow the entrance, indicating a considerable rise in water level, but such episodes are rare. Conversely, water flow interruptions are even rarer, occurring only once in the last 20 years, leaving only a few puddles inside and near the resurgence. The entirely submerged conduit poses challenges for accessing deeper sections due to limited airspace. Tufts of roots grow abundantly near the entrance, where specimens of I. yapyra n. sp. were captured using zooplankton nets. Physicochemical parameters were measured during six visits to the cave between 7/13/2021 and 12/08/2023, revealing the following characteristics of this water body: water temperature: 31.22±0.66°C; pH: 7.14±0.21; conductivity: 0.65±0.14 µScm-1; dissolved oxygen: 1.99± 1.59mg /l; total dissolved solids: 0.41± 0.09g /l; total phosphorus: 54.90±22.53μg/L; total nitrogen: 6.97± 6.88mg /l; total carbon: 27.74± 8.35mg /l. It is worth noting that some specimens were collected before the severe drought of 2016. During this drought, which led to the disappearance of the drainage, the roots were exposed, likely resulting in a significant reduction in the population of I. yapyra n. sp., at least in this accessible part of its habitat. Additionally, it is important to emphasize that the pool adjacent to the resurgence is utilized by residents for recreation. Although most visitors remain outdoors, some occasionally venture into the cave and leave organic and inorganic waste there. Thus, disorderly tourism has an anthropogenic impact that affects the cave environment and its fauna.</p><p>The surrounding area of the cave has undergone significant alterations, primarily through the removal of native vegetation for agricultural purposes. The native vegetation plays a crucial role in sustaining the diversity of subterranean communities (Bento et al. 2021). Deforestation can disrupt subsurface hydrological systems and alter the nutrient inputs into the cave, potentially leading to the decline or extinction of endemic species (Mammola et al. 2019). Additionally, the expansion and intensification of agriculture contribute to increased evapotranspiration (Destouni et al. 2013), which reduces water runoff and aquifer recharge (Ceballos et al. 2015). Finally, the Poço Feio cave is situated within a mining polygon earmarked for future mining projects. This impending development suggests that mining activities may potentially commence in the area in the upcoming years.</p><p>It is worth noting that this species was discovered in caves located on opposite sides of the Apodi River. This distribution could only occur through two possible scenarios: i) the migration of individuals along the riverbed, leading to the colonization of caves located further downstream, or ii) migration through saturated subterranean passages existing beneath the Apodi Riverbed. Given that the Olho D’Água da Gangorrinha cave is located 2.25 km downstream from the Poço Feio cave, it is improbable for these small crustaceans to reach this cave, considering the abundance of predators in the riverbed. Moreover, even if they were dispersed by the downstream river current, colonizing the Olho D’Água da Gangorrinha would require them to contend with the strong current generated by the significant flow of the cave’s resurgence. Hence, the surface dispersal of these organisms is highly unlikely. Consequently, the existence of underground connections in the saturated zone below the Apodi riverbed is a more plausible explanation. This suggests that the distribution of this species might be far greater than currently understood.</p><p>Given that these two caves represent the only known habitats of I. yapyra n. sp., both its Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) are estimated to be less than 100 km ² and 10 km ², respectively. It is reasonable to infer that current and potential impacts on the caves and their surroundings directly affect all species, effectively constituting two sites. These impacts further contribute to a continuous decline in habitat quality. Consequently, I. yapyra n. sp. could be classified as Endangered (EN) under criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii). Therefore, it is imperative to protect both the cave and its surrounding area and to regulate anthropogenic activities such as agriculture, mining, and recreational use to safeguard this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFE0FFA5FE35FAE2C027091F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFE7FFBAFE2AFCE8C5A20AC4.text	B5213824FFE7FFBAFE2AFCE8C5A20AC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poicarcinia Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Genus Poicarcinia n. gen.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ECCDC479-8B71-47FB-AFF9-40ADF2D850FE</p><p>Type species: Poicarcinia jandairensis n. sp.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head shield subquadrangular with round distal margins, slender than pleotelson. Pleon length about 30% of body length; pleonite I reduced but dorsally visible, not covered by pereonite VII, pleonite II with posterior points developed, body outline not continuous. Genital papilla bilobed. Pleopods III – V expanded, round shaped. Uropods small, not exceeding distal margin of pleotelson.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The term “Po-i” originates from the Brazilian indigenous Tupi language, signifying “thin” in reference to the species slender body. This word was fused to the Greek word “carcinia” meaning small shrimp. Gender feminine.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks</p><p>Poicarcinia n. gen. can be distinguished by the subquadrangular shape of the head shield, contrasting with the trapezoidal shape found in other genera. The head is slender than the pleotelson, a feature shared with Pongycarcinia, Calabozoa, and Itararecarcinia n. gen. The pleon exhibits reduced pleonites I and II, but they are not covered by pereonite VII as in Oiticicarcinia n. gen., and the pleonite II is well developed, in similar length as pleonite III. The body outline is not continuous, similar to Itararecarcinia n. gen. The pleotelson size is similar to the pattern observed in Oiticicarcinia n. gen. and Itararecarcinia n. gen., being shorter relative to body length, comprising approximately 20% of body length and 60% of pleon length. The shape of pleopods III – V is round, resembling that of Pongycarcinia and Itararecarcinia n. gen., as opposed to the oval shape observed in Calabozoa and Oiticicarcinia n. gen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFE7FFBAFE2AFCE8C5A20AC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFF8FFBEFE03FF3AC5400B25.text	B5213824FFF8FFBEFE03FF3AC5400B25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poicarcinia jandairensis Cardoso & Bento & Ferreira 2025	<div><p>Poicarcinia jandairensis n. sp.</p><p>Figures 10E–G, 11–13, 14C</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3EBDD2FC-182D-4329-B700-0E2F2C39A0D2</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL: Holotype ♂ (ISLA 96910), Rio Grande do Norte state, Jandaíra municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-36.143394&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.33055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -36.143394/lat -5.33055)">Apertar da Hora cave</a> (5.330550°S, 36.143395°W), 24.I.2024, leg. D. M. Bento. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (in slide) (ISLA 96911), same data as holotype; 5 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀ (ISLA 96912), same data as holotype .</p><p>Description</p><p>Body approximately 2 mm, four times as long as wide (Figures 11A, 10E, 14C). Head shield subquadrangular, 1.5 wider than long; clypeus short. Pereonites subrectangular, similar in width, with rounded epimeral angles, four setae on lateral margins (Figures 11A,C, 10E). Pleon about 30% of body length. Pleonites I and II reduced, pleonites I and III about 60% and 80% of pereonite VII width, respectively, pleonites III – V with two setae medially, and two setae on lateral margin. Pleotelson (Figures 11A, 10E,F) about 20% of body length, and 60% of pleon length, width about 60% of pereonite VII, as wide as long, with four setae medially on dorsal surface, and five setae on lateral margin, apex convex with six setae, two of them almost as long as pleotelson. Antennula (Figure 11B) as long as peduncle of antenna, flagellum of one article with one aesthetasc, longer than flagellum. Antenna (Figure 11B) short, about 40% of body length, reaching pereonite III, flagellum with nine articles. Left mandible (Figure 11D) incisor with four teeth; right mandible (Figure 11E) incisor with three teeth; lacinia mobilis with denticulate apex. Maxillula (Figure 5F) lateral lobe with four robust simple setae, four robust serrate setae and one bifid seta medially, mesial lobe with two robust pappose setae and one simple seta. Maxilla (Figure 5G) lateral and medial lobe with nine serrate setae each; mesial lobe with three robust setae and four plumose setae. Maxilliped (Figure 5H) endite proximal lobe with six pappose setae apically, distal lobe with two robust pappose setae and four slender pappose setae; palp of five articles, first article fused with maxilliped body, articles with long simple setae, article 5 smallest, with tuft of distal setae. Pereopod I (Figures 12A, 110G) ambulatory, carpus half of propodus length, propodus medial margin with three serrate setae, dactylus as long as propodus, unguis half of dactylus length; propodus and unguis medial margin with scales. Pereopod II (Figure 12B) carpus as long as propodus, dactylus shorter than propodus. Pereopods III –VII progressively long. Pereopod VII (Figure 12C) 1.6 times longer than pereopod I, propodus longer than carpus, unguis half dactylus length. Uropods (Figures 10F, 11A) reach pleotelson apex, uniramous, styliform, about 30% of pleotelson length.</p><p>Mature male. Genital papilla (Figure 12D,F) bilobed wide base with acute, tapering apex. Pleopod I (Figure 12D,F) stout, longer than wide, distal part wide with apical point. Pleopod II (Figure 12E) protopodite trapezoidal, endopodite simple and slender, longer than exopodite; exopodite ovoid with two plumose setae distally. Pleopods III –IV (Figure 12G,F) exopods ovoid with two plumose setae distally, similar in shape; pleopod IV largest.</p><p>Female (Figure 12H). Pleopod I inner ramus longer than wide, apex with two plumose setae. Pleopod II protopodite trapezoidal, inner ramus article with one plumose seta apically, outer ramus oval shaped with two plumose setae distally, smaller than pleopod III. Pleopods III –IV exopods ovoid with two plumose setae distally, in similar shape to holotype.</p><p>Etymology The species name refers to the municipality of Jandaíra, where the species was found.</p><p>Habitat, threats and conservation status</p><p>Specimens of P. jandairensis n. sp. were exclusively collected in Apertar da Hora Cave, a limestone cave featuring approximately 250 meters of narrow conduits and two small entrances (Figure 13A,B). Situated within a limestone outcrop housing 18 other caves, this cave lacks perennial water bodies. The individuals of P. jandairensis n. sp. were discovered in shallow pools that form only during rainy periods (Figure 13C). These specimens were collected during a single expedition to the cave, where, notably, the same pool harbored specimens of stygobiotic planarians ( Tricladida) and earthworms (Oligochaeta), likely representing new species. It is noteworthy that this cave had been previously surveyed during the dry season, and no such ponds were observed, indicating that these species likely predominantly inhabit epikarstic compartments, which overflow during rainy periods and carry individuals to the cave’s accessible conduits.</p><p>While Apertar da Hora Cave and its immediate surroundings currently maintain a relatively preserved state, the limestone outcrop hosting the cave has faced significant alterations due to past irregular limestone mining activities. Although the mining has ceased, the cave is situated within a mining polygon with mining requirements, indicating the potential installation of a mining project in the coming years. Another concern is the expanding presence of nearby wind farms, known to have adverse effects on bat populations, which could indirectly impact cave environments (Figure 13D).</p><p>Given that Apertar da Hora Cave represents the sole known habitat of P. jandairensis n. sp., and considering these potential impacts, the new species could be classified as Vulnerable according to criterion D2. Therefore, the initiation of monitoring programs is imperative to evaluate the conservation status of the cave and the remaining cave-restricted species it harbors.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFF8FFBEFE03FF3AC5400B25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
B5213824FFFCFFBEFF7AFEACC07808DD.text	B5213824FFFCFFBEFF7AFEACC07808DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calabozoidae Van Lieshout 1983	<div><p>Taxonomic key to genera of Calabozoidae</p><p>1. Pleonite II dorsally visible, similar to pleonite III ..................... Brasileirinho</p><p>– Pleonite II not visible dorsally, or only medially................................ 2</p><p>2. Headshield subrectangular......................................... Poicarcinia</p><p>– Headshield trapezoidal..................................................... 3</p><p>3. Pleon narrower than pereon...................................... Itaraecarcinia</p><p>– Pleon in a continuous line as pereon.......................................... 4</p><p>4. Pleonite I not visible dorsally, being covered by pereonite 7............... Calabozoa</p><p>– Pleonite I visible dorsally in middle.......................................... 5</p><p>5. Pleotelson over 70% of pleon length.............................. Pongycarcinia</p><p>– Pleotelson 50-60% of pleon length................................. Oiticicarcinia</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5213824FFFCFFBEFF7AFEACC07808DD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli;Bento, Diego de Medeiros;Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes	Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bento, Diego de Medeiros, Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes (2025): Remnants of an ancient world: three new genera and three new species of Calabozoidea isopods from Brazilian semi-arid caves (Crustacea: Isopoda). Tropical Zoology (trop. Zool.) 38 (1 - 2): 1-25, DOI: 10.4081/tz.2025.180, URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/tz.2025.180
