identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
A10A71FCDAAF56979366BBEC01103E16.text	A10A71FCDAAF56979366BBEC01103E16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diospyros angolensis E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth & Lowry 2025	<div><p>1. Diospyros angolensis E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1 A, 2 A, 3</p><p>Type</p><p>ANGOLA – District de Loanda [= Luanda Prov.] • Coastal region [without precise locality]; 1903; fr.; Gossweiler 789; holotype: P! [P 04595254]; isotypes: BM, FHO, K! [K 001561020] .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Diospyros angolensis can be distinguished from other African species previously included in D. ferrea by the combination of leaves with a symmetric (not falcate) lamina that has dark, pitted glands in the proximal half and an obtuse to rounded (rarely acute or retuse) apex, a globose to very slightly ellipsoid fruit 7–8 × 7–9 mm, and a fruiting calyx with 3 rounded lobes 1–1.5 × 3–4 mm.</p><p>Description</p><p>Tree (?). Bark pale to dark grey, smooth to slightly rugose, lenticels pale brown, round. Young stems (sub) terete, pale to dark grey, initially covered in short, translucent hispid hairs ca 0.1 mm long and sparse, appressed, yellowish brown hairs ca 0.4 mm long. Leaves alternate; petiole 1–4 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam., flat to sulcate above, tomentose, white to yellowish-brown hairs; lamina 1.1–5.5 × 0.7–2.8 cm, elliptic to orbicular or obovate, symmetric (never falcate), chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, with sparse indument above and below (likely caducous, t-shaped), discolourous, dark brown above, chestnut brown below, with dark, pitted glands present in varying number in the basal half of the lamina, base acute to obtuse, margin slightly undulate, thickened, apex obtuse to rounded, or rarely acute or retuse; venation pinnate, midrib slightly impressed to flat above, raised below, secondary and tertiary venation usually visible on both sides, sometimes inconspicuous above, more apparent below, darker in younger leaves and concolourous with blade in older leaves, raised below and very slightly so above; secondary venation emerging at varying angles from the midrib, veins (5) 6 or 7 (8) per side, weakly brochidodromous, forming irregular loops 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the way between the midrib and margin, the most apical smaller and more steeply angled; tertiary venation similar to the secondary in size and colour, irregularly reticulate and forming further loops between the secondary veins and the margin. Male flowers (known only from immature material) in (1 to) 3 (4) - flowered axillary cymes, axes densely covered in semi-appressed, brown hairs &lt;0.5 mm long, peduncle 2–4 mm long, pedicel &lt;1 mm long; calyx with dense, straight, appressed, golden to golden-brown hairs 0.25–0.5 mm long outside, sparser and shorter inside, basal portion cupuliform, ca 2 × 2–2.5 mm, lobes 3, triangular, 1.5 × 1.5–2 mm, acute; corolla with dense, appressed, light golden hairs ca 1 mm long outside (only on lobes), glabrous inside, tube narrowly ovoid, 1–1.5 × 1.5–2 mm, lobes 3, rounded-triangular, ca 2 × 1.5 mm, imbricate, apex acute; stamens 10, inserted at the base of the corolla tube, filament 0.2–0.5 mm long, anther 1–1.5 mm long; pistillode discoid, ca 0.5 × 1–1.5 mm, densely covered in erect, straight, golden hairs ca 0.75 mm long. Female flowers axillary (sometimes appearing as elongated spikes when the leaves are lost), solitary, pedicel &lt;1 mm long; calyx densely covered outside and inside with straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.25–0.5 mm long, basal portion cupuliform, ca 2.5 mm × ca 3.5 mm, lobes 3, triangular, valvate, ca 1.5 × 2 mm, obtuse to bluntly acute; corolla glabrous outside except for a rhomboid central area of dense, straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.3–0.5 mm long, glabrous inside, tube cylindrical, ca 4 × 2 mm, lobes 3, rounded-triangular, ca 1 × 1.5 mm, weakly imbricate, apex broadly acute; staminodes lacking; ovary globose, ca 2 × 2 mm, densely covered with straight, appressed, golden hairs ca 0.5 mm long, style 1–1.5 mm long, glabrous. Fruits axillary, solitary, pedicel 1–2 mm long; calyx nearly flat, ca 6 mm wide, with minute, dense, golden hairs ca 0.3 mm long outside, shorter inside, basal portion shallowly cupuliform, 0.5–1 × 4–5 mm, lobes 3, rounded, entire, 1–1.5 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded; fruit globose to very slightly ellipsoid, 7–8 × 7–8 (– 9) mm, reddish brown to orange (in vivo), surface smooth, with sparse, appressed, white hairs ca 0.3 mm long or glabrescent, style persistent at the apex. Seeds 1 or 2, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, ellipsoid or hemi-ellipsoid, irregularly rough, black, dull.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Angola (Fig. 4).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Diospyros angolensis has been collected in coastal and riverine forests, likely at comparatively low elevations, although no information is provided on any of the specimen labels.</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering material has been collected in September and October, and fruiting material in June.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named after the only country from which it has thus far been recorded.</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment</p><p>Diospyros angolensis has an Extent of Occurrence of 33,236 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 24 km 2. The species is known from ten collections made between 1904 and 1959 representing four different occurrences, none of which fall within any present-day protected area and are therefore likely subjected to various threats such as fire and land clearing for agriculture. Targeted collecting at all these sites is needed to confirm the status of the extant subpopulations. A continuing decline is inferred for the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, area, extent, and / or quality of habitat, number of locations, and number of mature individuals. With respect to the most serious plausible threat (land clearing), Diospyros angolensis has been recorded at 4 locations and is thus assessed as Endangered: EN B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>ANGOLA – Without locality data • Welwitsch 2527; P [P 04595251] . – Bengo Province • Catete, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.13&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.610001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.13/lat -9.610001)">Calucala</a>; [09°36’36”S, 14°07’48”E]; 70 m; 15 Oct. 1929; Gossweiler 9182; BM, FHO, K [K 001561021], LISC [LISC 035677], US [US 03133208] . – Luanda Province • [Without precise locality]; 1903; Gossweiler 2450; FHO, P [P 04595256] . – Namibe Province • Serra da Chela, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.37&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.7699995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.37/lat -14.7699995)">Bibala</a>; [14°46’12”S, 13°22’12”E]; 400 m; 7 Sep. 1941; Gossweiler 12956; FHO, LISC [LISC 035678] • Serra da Chela, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.37&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.7699995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.37/lat -14.7699995)">Bibala</a>; [14°46’12”S, 13°22’12”E]; 800 m; 7 Sep. 1941; Gossweiler 12956 A; LISC [LISC 035679] • Serra da Chela, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.37&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.7699995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.37/lat -14.7699995)">Bibala</a>; [14°46’12”S, 13°22’12”E]; 700 m; 10 Sep. 1941; Gossweiler 12956 B; LISC [LISC 035680] • Moçamedes, Camucuio, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.240001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.240001/lat -14.15)">Bibala</a>; [14°09’00”S, 13°14’24”E]; 14 Oct. 1955; Mendes 409; LISC [LISC 035681] • Moçamedes, Camucuio, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.23&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.23/lat -14.1)">Bibala</a>; [14°06’00”S, 13°13’48”E]; 730 m; 19 Sep. 1959; Teixeira 4-297; LISC [LISC 035685, LISC 035686] • Moçamedes, Camucuio, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.37&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.7699995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.37/lat -14.7699995)">Bibala</a>; [14°46’12”S, 13°22’12”E]; 730 m; 29 Sep. 1951; Teixeira 509; LISC [LISC 035682] • Moçamedes, Camucuio, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.23&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.23/lat -14.1)">Bibala</a>; [14°06’00”S, 13°13’48”E]; 900 m; 18 Sep. 1959; Teixeira 4-559; LISC [LISC 035687] .</p><p>Notes</p><p>Diospyros angolensis is the only species formerly included in D. ferrea known to occur in Angola. It has not been documented since 1959 and newer collections are thus urgently needed to ascertain the persistence of this species and to develop a better understanding of its biology, ecology, and conservation status.</p><p>Our attempts to locate duplicates of the type collection of Diospyros angolensis (Gossweiler 789) in the two main herbaria in Portugal with important holdings from Angola (COI and LISC) were unsuccessful.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A10A71FCDAAF56979366BBEC01103E16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mestre Serra, Edgard;Puglisi, Carmen;Linan, Alexander G.;Meeprom, Nattanon;Rakouth, Hasina N.;Schmidt, Heidi H.;Lowry II, Porter P.	Mestre Serra, Edgard, Puglisi, Carmen, Linan, Alexander G., Meeprom, Nattanon, Rakouth, Hasina N., Schmidt, Heidi H., Lowry II, Porter P. (2025): A taxonomic revision of the continental African material previously included in Diospyros ferrea (Ebenaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1): 82-99, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140561
B6CFF7FFACD45DCDB57B87441C2E911C.text	B6CFF7FFACD45DCDB57B87441C2E911C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diospyros guineensis (Schumach. & Thonn.) E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth & Lowry 2025	<div><p>2. Diospyros guineensis (Schumach. &amp; Thonn.) E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 1 B, 2 B</p><p>Ferreola guineensis Schumach. &amp; Thonn., Beskrivelse af Guineeiske Planter: 448. 1827. (Schumacher and Thonning 1827)</p><p>Maba guineensis (Schumach. &amp; Thonn.) A. DC. (Candolle 1844: 231)</p><p>Diospyros ferrea (Willd.) Bakh. var. guineensis (Schumach. &amp; Thonn.) Bakh. (Bakhuizen van den Brink 1941: 433)</p><p>Type</p><p>GHANA – Volta Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=0.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 0.9/lat -5.9)">Quitta</a> (= Keta); [5°54’S, 0°54’E]; Thonning s. n.; lectotype (designated here): C [C 10003856] scan seen; isolectotypes: C [C 10003857, C 10003858] scans seen .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrub ca 1.5 m tall. Bark grey, rugose, densely lenticellate, lenticels brown, elliptic to round. Young stems terete, pale grey, peeling to a darker grey bark, initially covered in sparse, semi-appressed, minute, yellowish hairs ca 0.3–0.7 mm long. Leaves alternate; petiole 1–4 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam., somewhat glossy and tightly wrinkly (in sicco), terete to flattened above, with sparse, minute, semi-erect, white to yellowish-brown hairs or glabrescent; lamina 1.3–8.6 × 1–5.5 cm, elliptic to slightly ovate or obovate, symmetric (rarely slightly asymmetric), thinly coriaceous, glabrescent above, glabrescent or with scattered, semi-appressed, yellowish hairs ca 0.5 mm long below, concolourous to very slightly discolourous, shiny, with medium green-brown to reddish brown, dark, pitted glands sometimes present in pairs near the leaf base, rarely few elsewhere on the lamina, base attenuate to (broadly) acute, margin flat to weakly undulate and revolute, slightly thickened, sometimes paler than the leaf blade, apex acute, obtuse or nearly rounded, occasionally weakly and broadly acuminate; venation pinnate, midrib slightly impressed to flat above, raised below, secondary and tertiary venation usually visible on both sides, less conspicuous above, concolourous with the blade or slightly darker, raised on both sides; secondary venation acute or decurrent to the midrib, veins 5 or 6 (7) per side, weakly brochidodromous, forming irregular loops 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the way between the midrib and margin, the most apical smaller and more steeply angled; tertiary venation similar to the secondary in size and colour, irregularly reticulate and forming further loops between the secondary veins and the margin. Male flowers in 3 - to 6 - flowered axillary cymes or pseudo-umbels, axes with dense, semi-appressed, golden hairs &lt;0.5 mm long, peduncle to 4 mm long, pedicel to 1 mm long; calyx with straight, appressed, golden to golden brown hairs 0.25–0.75 mm long inside and outside, denser closer to the inside margin, basal portion cupuliform, 1.5–2 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, triangular, valvate, 1.5 × 1.5–2 mm, acute to broadly acute; corolla glabrous inside and outside except for a rhomboid central area of dense straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.75–1.25 mm long outside, tube narrowly urceolate, 2–2.5 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, ovate, 2–2.5 × 2–2.5 mm, imbricate, apex acute; stamens 9 or 10, inserted at the base of the corolla tube, filament 0.5–1 mm, anther 1–1.5 mm; pistillode discoid, ca 0.5 × 1–1.5 mm, densely covered in erect, straight golden hairs ca 0.25–0.5 mm long. Female flowers axillary (branches sometimes appearing spike-like when leaves abscise prior to anthesis), solitary, rarely in pairs, pedicel 0.5–1.5 mm long, with sparse, semi-appressed, golden hairs &lt;0.5 mm long; calyx moderately covered outside and inside in straight, appressed, whitish-golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long, basal portion cupuliform, 2–2.5 × ca 3 mm, lobes 3, broadly triangular, valvate, ca 1 × 2 mm, obtuse; corolla glabrous except for a rhomboid central area of dense straight, appressed, whitish-golden hairs 0.3–0.5 mm long, glabrous inside, tube cylindrical to slightly urceolate, 2.5–3 × ca 2 mm, lobes 3, broadly ovate, spreading, ca 3 × 2.5 mm, weakly imbricate, apex rounded; staminodes lacking; ovary ovoid, rounded-triangular in cross section, ca 1.5 × 1.5–2 mm, densely covered in straight, appressed, golden hairs ca 0.5 mm long, style 1–1.5 mm long, glabrous. Fruits axillary, solitary, pedicel to 0.5–1.5 mm; calyx cupuliform, 5–7 mm wide, with short, dense, appressed, pale hairs &lt;0.5 mm long, denser inside, basal portion cupuliform, not closely appressed to the fruit wall (in sicco), 2–3.5 × 5–7 mm, lobes 3, broadly triangular, entire, 0.5–2.5 × 4–6 mm, apex broadly acute to obtuse; fruit ellipsoid to slightly ovoid, 8–12 × 6–8 mm, orangish brown (in vivo), surface smooth, with sparse, appressed, golden hairs ca 0.5 mm long, denser toward the apex, style persistent at the apex. Seeds 1 to 3, 9–10 × 3–4.5 mm, narrowly ovoid to ovoid-wedge shaped, minutely verrucose, dark grey, dull.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Ghana, Ivory Coast, and Benin (Fig. 4).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Diospyros guineensis is known from coastal areas, on sandy or rocky soil behind dunes, at elevations close to sea level.</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering material has been collected in May and August to October, and fruiting material in February and April.</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment</p><p>Diospyros guineensis has an Extent of Occurrence of 49,057 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 48 km 2. The species is known from 12 collections made between 1907 and 1975 and a more recent one made in 1994, representing eight different occurrences, none of which fall within any formally protected areas and are therefore likely subjected to various threats including fire and land clearing for agriculture. Targeted collecting at all these sites is needed to confirm the status of the extant subpopulations. A continuing decline is inferred for the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, area, extent, and / or quality of habitat, number of locations, and number of mature individuals. With respect to the most serious plausible threat (land clearing), Diospyros guineensis has been recorded at eight locations and is thus assessed as Vulnerable: VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>BENIN – Littoral Department • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.3138888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3563886" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.3138888/lat 6.3563886)">Cotonou</a>; [06°21’23”N, 02°18’50”E]; 20 Mar. 1910; Chevalier 23364; P [P 04595323, P 04595320] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.3263888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3588886" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.3263888/lat 6.3588886)">Cotonou</a>; [06°21’32”N, 02°19’35”E]; 29 Mar. 1910; Debeaux 345; K, P [P 04595321, P 04595322] .</p><p>GHANA – Without locality data • 20 Feb. 1932; Aubréville 903; P [P 04595333] .</p><p>IVORY COAST – Abidjan District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.0194445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.2988887" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.0194445/lat 5.2988887)">Abouabo</a>; [05°17’56”N, 04°01’10”W]; 16 Oct. 1949; Adam 6498; P [P 04595328] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.8694446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.2416663" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.8694446/lat 5.2416663)">Port-Bouët</a>; [05°14’30”N, 03°52’10”W]; 1932; Aubréville 1514; BR [BR 0000016101500], P [P 04595334; P 04595335] . – Bas-Sassandra District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-6.0983334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.94" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -6.0983334/lat 4.94)">Sassandra Port</a>; [04°56’24”N, 06°05’54”W]; 3 May 1907; Chevalier 17946; BR [BR 0000016101487], FHO [FHO-131141], P [P 04595324, P 04595325, P 04595326], WAG [WAG.1777958] . – Lagunes District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.79&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.79/lat 5.15)">Entre Jacqueville et Toukouzou</a>; [05°09’00”N, 04°47’24”W]; 0–50 m; 18 Apr. 1994; Aké Assi 18943; MO [MO-5657500] . – Montagnes District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.516389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.3675003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.516389/lat 4.3675003)">Fabou</a>; [04°22’03”N, 07°30’59”W]; 12 Aug. 1907; Chevalier 19932; BR [BR 0000016101494], FHO [FHO-131142], P [P 04595332], WAG [WAG.1777956] . – Mouri Region • Mouri, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-1.2202778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.1269445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -1.2202778/lat 5.1269445)">near Cape Coast</a>; [05°07’37”N, 01°13’13”W]; 26 Apr. 1961; Hall 1907; K [K 001561026] . – Woroba District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.3333335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.4166665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.3333335/lat 4.4166665)">East of Tabou</a>; [04°25’00”N, 07°20’00”W]; 10 m; 3 Sep. 1975; Beentje 853; BR [BR 0000016101357], K, MO [MO-6573490], WAG [WAG.1777954, WAG.1777955] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.317222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.4380555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.317222/lat 4.4380555)">Tabou</a>; [04°26’17”N, 07°19’02”W]; 17 Aug. 1907; Chevalier 19961 bis; P [P 04595329] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.4166665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.35/lat 4.4166665)">Tabou</a>; [04°25’00”N, 07°21’00”W]; 11 Sep. 1975; de Koning 6007; BR [BR 0000016101340], MO [MO-6347092], WAG [WAG.1777951], NY [NY 02610014] .</p><p>Notes</p><p>Chevalier (1920: 396) listed the name ‘ Diospyros guineensis ’ in the first volume of his Exploration botanique de l’Afrique occidental française, but it was not validly published because he failed to provide a description or diagnosis, or a reference to a previously and effectively published description or diagnosis, rendering it illegitimate, as per Article 38.1 of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6CFF7FFACD45DCDB57B87441C2E911C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mestre Serra, Edgard;Puglisi, Carmen;Linan, Alexander G.;Meeprom, Nattanon;Rakouth, Hasina N.;Schmidt, Heidi H.;Lowry II, Porter P.	Mestre Serra, Edgard, Puglisi, Carmen, Linan, Alexander G., Meeprom, Nattanon, Rakouth, Hasina N., Schmidt, Heidi H., Lowry II, Porter P. (2025): A taxonomic revision of the continental African material previously included in Diospyros ferrea (Ebenaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1): 82-99, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140561
8C85449434625E91A6FF8140290B709A.text	8C85449434625E91A6FF8140290B709A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diospyros moutsambotei E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth & Lowry 2025	<div><p>3. Diospyros moutsambotei E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1 C, 2 C, 5, 6</p><p>Type</p><p>GABON – Ogooué-Ivindo • PN d’Ivindo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.795834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.50277776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.795834/lat 0.50277776)">station de recherche Ipassa</a>; 00°30’10”N, 12°47’45”E; 477 m; 14 Mar. 2019; fr.; Bidault et al. 4494; holotype: MO! [MO-6956210]; isotypes: BR, BRLU [BRLU 0026875], LBV, P! [P 01085637], WAG .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Diospyros moutsambotei E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry can be distinguished from other African species previously included in D. ferrea by the combination of leaves with a symmetric (not falcate) lamina that has an evident pair of basal glands and an acuminate (rarely acute) apex, a broadly ellipsoid fruit 12–15 × 9–11 mm, and a fruiting calyx with 3 very broadly rounded-triangular lobes ca 2–3 × 9–11 mm.</p><p>Description</p><p>Treelet 2–8 m tall. Bark dark grey-brown, surface irregular, lenticels brown, round and prominent. Young stems terete, dark brown to black, with dense, persistent, shortly hispid, pale hairs ca 0.5 mm long, and sparse, caducous, longer, golden hairs &lt;0.1 mm long. Leaves alternate; petiole 1.5–5 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam., terete, flat or shallowly sulcate above, with the same two types of indument as the stem; lamina 1.5–10.5 × 1–4.5 cm, ovate to elliptic, rarely obovate or suborbicular, consistently symmetric (never falcate), coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, concolourous to weakly discolourous, glossy, dark green above, pale green below, with an evident pair of glands toward the base, borne equally or unequally distant to the petiole, base obtuse to acute, margin slightly thickened, sometimes minutely revolute, apex acuminate, rarely acute, the acumen to 15 mm long and rounded; venation pinnate, midvein sulcate above, raised below, secondary and tertiary venation visible on both sides, more so below, darker in younger leaves and lighter in older leaves, raised below and slightly so above; secondary venation forming a nearly right angle with the midrib and slightly decurrent to it, veins (6) 8 or 9 (10) per side, brochidodromous, forming loops 2 / 3 or more of the way between the midrib and margin, the most apical ones smaller and more steeply angled; tertiary venation slightly finer than the secondary, forming a nearly horizontal reticulation and further loops between the secondary veins and the margin. Male flowers in dense, axillary clusters of up 9 flowers, pedicel &lt;1 mm; calyx moderately covered in straight, appressed, golden to golden brown hairs 0.5–0.75 mm long outside, nearly glabrous inside, basal portion cupuliform, ca 3.5 × ca 4 mm, lobes 3, broadly triangular, 1.5 × 3–3.5 mm, acute; corolla creamy white (in vivo), with dense, appressed, golden to light brown hairs 0.75–1 mm long outside, glabrous inside, tube narrowly urceolate, 4–5 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, ovate, ca 3.5 × 2 mm, imbricate, apex acute; stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla tube, very pale cream-brown (in vivo), filament 0.5–1 mm, anther 3.5–4 mm; pistillode broadly ovoid, 1–1.5 × 1–2 mm, densely covered in erect, straight, golden hairs 0.75 mm long. Female flowers axillary, solitary or in short, few-flowered cymes, axes with sparse straight, appressed, whitish-golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long, pedicel 1–2 mm long; calyx moderately covered outside and more sparsely inside in straight, appressed, whitish-golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long, basal portion cupuliform, 4.5–5 × 3.5–4 mm, lobes 3, shallowly and broadly triangular, spreading, ca 0.5 × 3 mm, short-acuminate; corolla densely covered in straight, appressed, whitish-golden hairs to 1 mm long, becoming glabrous towards the lobe margins, glabrous inside, tube slightly urceolate, 5.5–6 × 3–3.5 mm, lobes 3 (4), broadly ovate, spreading, weakly imbricate, 2–2.5 × 2–2.5 mm, apex rounded-acute; staminodes lacking; ovary ovoid, rounded-triangular in cross section, ca 3 × 2 mm, densely covered in straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.75 mm long, style 1.0– 1.5 mm long, base with minute, appressed hairs, apex glabrous. Fruits axillary, solitary or in pairs, pedicel 1–1.5 mm, indumentum persistent; calyx cupuliform, 9–11 mm wide, dark brown (in sicco), with moderately dense, appressed, greyish-white hairs to 1 mm long outside, sparser, shorter and darker inside, basal portion cupuliform, 5–6 × ca 9–11 mm, lobes 3, shallow, entire, very broadly rounded-triangular, ca 2–3 × 9–11 mm, apex short-acuminate; fruit globose when immature, broadly ellipsoid when ripe, 12–15 (– 20) × 9–11 mm, surface smooth, with sparse, appressed, golden hairs, denser toward the apex, brown (in sicco), style persistent at the apex. Seed 1, 12–20 × 4–6 mm, narrowly obloid, slightly asymmetrical, minutely rugose, dark reddish brown and somewhat glossy (in sicco).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Republic of the Congo (Fig. 4).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Diospyros moutsambotei is known from riverine and periodically inundated forests, often associated with vegetation dominated by Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild.) J. Léonard ( Fabaceae). It has been recorded at 350–700 m elevation.</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering material has been collected in December and from February to April, and fruiting material in February, March, May, and June.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named in honour of Jean-Marie Moutsamboté (1953–2022), who was one of the most highly regarded botanists working in Central Africa. Prof. Moutsamboté contributed greatly to our knowledge of the forests of the Republic of the Congo, participating in dozens of botanical expeditions throughout the country. He served as Head of the Botany Laboratory at the Centre d’Études sur les Ressources végétales and the National Herbarium in Brazzaville from 1986 to 2001 and then taught plant biology and forestry at the Université Marien N’Gouabi before returning to the National Herbarium in 2015, where he headed the Ecology-Phytosociology unit. Jean-Marie has left an important legacy and will long be remembered by the many students and colleagues who had the pleasure of working with him.</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment</p><p>Diospyros moutsambotei has an Extent of Occurrence of 449,586 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 92 km 2. The species is known from 25 collections representing ten different occurrences, some of which fall within formally protected areas whereas others that do not are likely subjected to several threats, including land clearing for agriculture and forest exploitation. Targeted collecting at all these sites is needed to confirm the status of the extant subpopulations. A continuing decline is inferred for the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, area, extent, and / or quality of habitat, number of locations, and number of mature individuals. With respect to the most serious plausible threat (land clearing), Diospyros moutsambotei has been recorded at ten locations and is thus assessed as Vulnerable: VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>GABON – Ogooué-Lolo Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.737778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.25277779" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.737778/lat -0.25277779)">Parc National de l’Ivindo</a>; 00°15’10”S, 12°44’16”E; 393 m; 12 Feb. 2010; Dauby 2292; BRLU, LBV, MO • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.735001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.25527778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.735001/lat -0.25527778)">Lastoursville</a>; 00°15’19”S, 12°44’06”E; 387 m; 18 Apr. 2010; Nguema 1248; BRLU, K, LBV, MO, P • 10 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.803612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.5108333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.803612/lat 0.5108333)">Majojou</a>; [00°30’39”N, 12°48’13”E]; 500 m; 24 Feb. 1979; Florence 1676; P [P 04539709] . – Woleu-Ntem Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.816667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.816667/lat 1.5)">Minkébé area</a>; [01°30’00”N, 12°49’00”E]; 16 May 1990; Minkébé Series W 341; MO [MO-6055800], WAG [WAG.1778699, WAG.1778700] • Minkébé district, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.8/lat 1.5)">Nsye valley</a>; [01°30’00”N, 12°48’00”E]; 21 Feb. 1990; Wieringa 599; BR [BR 0000021712791], K, MO [MO-6379125], WAG [WAG.1778707] .</p><p>CAMEROON – Central Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.578055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.6080554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.578055/lat 3.6080554)">Ndanan</a> 2; [03°36’29”N, 11°34’41”E]; 710 m; 22 Mar. 2004; Cheek 11937; K, MO [MO-4875195], WAG [WAG.1778730] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.58&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.6200001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.58/lat 3.6200001)">Mefou National Park</a>; [03°37’12”N, 11°34’48”E]; 700 m; 23 Mar. 2004; Tadjouteu 570; BR [BR 0000009522992], K [K 000339048], MO [MO-4811439], WAG [WAG.1778728] . – East Region • 2 km W of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.116667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.116667/lat 2.35)">Sangha River</a>; [02°21’00”N, 16°07’00”E]; 350 m; 17 Nov. 1998; Harris 6459; E [E 01021159] . – South Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.7833333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.15/lat 2.7833333)">between N’Kolandom and N’Koemvone</a>; [02°47’00”N, 11°09’00”E]; 650 m; 24 Feb. 1975; de Wilde 7995; BR [BR 0000016101654], K [K 001394634], MO [MO-5654747], P [P 04589936], WAG [WAG.1778733, WAG.1778734] .</p><p>CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC – Haute-Sangha Prefecture • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.15/lat 2.35)">Dzanga-Sangha Reserve</a>; [02°21’00”N, 16°09’00”E]; 350 m; 9 Sep. 1988; Harris 1091; BR [BR 0000100027273], MO [MO-5965327] • 45 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.3666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.15/lat 2.3666668)">Lidjombo</a>; [02°22’00”N, 16°09’00”E]; 350 m; 11 Feb. 1989; Harris 1823; BR [BR 0000100027242], K [K 001561010], MO [MO-3823625] • 40 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.4166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.15/lat 2.4166667)">Lidjombo</a>; [02°25’00”N, 16°09’00”E]; 350 m; 15 Feb. 1989; Harris 1876; BR [BR 0000100027266], MO [MO-5965320] • 45 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.15/lat 2.35)">Lidjambo</a>; [02°21’00”N, 16°09’00”E]; 350 m; 23 Feb. 1989; Harris 1918; BR [BR 000016101630], FHO [FHO-164548], K, MO [MO-5672092], WAG [WAG.1778732] • 45 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.183332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.3666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.183332/lat 2.3666668)">Lidjombo</a>; [02°22’00”N, 16°11’00”E]; 350 m; 12 Mar. 1989; Harris 2032; BR [BR 000016101623], FHO [FHO-164549], K [K 001561012], MO [MO-5672091], WAG [WAG.1778731] • 12 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.083334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.5666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.083334/lat 2.5666666)">Lidjombo</a>; [02°34’00”N, 16°05’00”E]; 28 Mar. 1994; Harris 4854; BR [BR 0000100027297], E [E 01021135] .</p><p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO – Équateur Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.327223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.062222224" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.327223/lat 0.062222224)">Bolomba</a>; [00°03’44”N, 19°19’38”E]; 26 Feb. 1958; Evrard 3541; BR [BR 0000016101715], WAG [WAG.1778735] . – Ituri Province • Epulu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.583334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.4166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.583334/lat 1.4166666)">zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest)</a>; [01°25’00”N, 28°35’00”E]; 750 m; 5 Dec. 1987; Hart 783; MO [MO-4292715] . – Tshuapa Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.838612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.37222224" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.838612/lat 0.37222224)">Befale</a>; [00°22’20”N, 20°50’19”E]; 3 Jun. 1958; Evrard 4166; BR [BR 0000016101692, BR 0000016101708], FHO [FHO-105514] .</p><p>REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO – Sangha Department • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.516666/lat 2.1666667)">Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park</a>; [02°10’00”N, 16°31’00”E]; 10 Jun. 2002; Harris 7961; E [E 01021158] • 2.5 km NNE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.195276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.2250001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.195276/lat 2.2250001)">Bomassa village</a>; [02°13’30”N, 16°11’43”E]; 22 Mar. 2010; Harris &amp; Moutsamboté 9672; E [E 00397397], IEC • [Without precise locality]; [02°11’54”N, 16°17’28”E]; 22 May 2011; Ndolo Ebika 607; E [E 00607099], IEC, WAG [WAG.1778729] • 33.5 km NE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.353334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.0313888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.353334/lat 2.0313888)">Kabo</a>; [02°01’53”N, 16°21’12”E]; 10 Nov. 2006; Nzolani Silaho 1133; E [E 01021156], IEC • 55 km NE of Kabo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.473612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.371389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.473612/lat 2.371389)">Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park</a>; [02°22’17”N, 16°28’25”E]; 25 Feb. 2007; Nzolani Silaho 2724; E [E 01021155], IEC • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.254723&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.1602778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.254723/lat 2.1602778)">Makambi Bai</a>; [02°09’37”N, 16°15’17”E]; 350 m; 22 Mar. 2010; Nzolani Silaho 4573; E [E 01021130], IEC .</p><p>Notes</p><p>Of the taxa treated here, Diospyros moutsambotei is the only one whose distribution overlaps with that of another species, namely the widespread D. smeathmannii . It can, however, be easily distinguished by its symmetrical leaves that are not falcate (vs some or all asymmetric and falcate in D. smeathmannii), the presence of a pair of basal glands, most prominently visible on the abaxial leaf surface (vs varying numbers of scattered, minute glands), and its broadly ellipsoid fruits that measure 12–15 × 9–11 mm (vs ellipsoid and 10–14 × 5–9 mm).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C85449434625E91A6FF8140290B709A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mestre Serra, Edgard;Puglisi, Carmen;Linan, Alexander G.;Meeprom, Nattanon;Rakouth, Hasina N.;Schmidt, Heidi H.;Lowry II, Porter P.	Mestre Serra, Edgard, Puglisi, Carmen, Linan, Alexander G., Meeprom, Nattanon, Rakouth, Hasina N., Schmidt, Heidi H., Lowry II, Porter P. (2025): A taxonomic revision of the continental African material previously included in Diospyros ferrea (Ebenaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1): 82-99, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140561
414C0424318A557E81429C3A60A1361E.text	414C0424318A557E81429C3A60A1361E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diospyros smeathmannii (A. DC.) E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth & Lowry 2025	<div><p>4. Diospyros smeathmannii (A. DC.) E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 1 D, 2 D</p><p>Maba smeathmannii A. DC., Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 8: 241. 1844 (as ‘ smeathmanni ’). (Candolle 1844: 241) – Type: same as for Diospyros smeathmannii .</p><p>Maba vacciniifolia Benth. (in Hooker 1849: 442) – Type: SAO TOMÉ &amp; PRINCIPE • Sao Tomé [St. Thomas], [without precise locality]; G. Don s. n.; holotype: K! [K 000350677]; isotype: BM [BM 000925476] scan seen.</p><p>Maba secundiflora Hutch. (Hutchinson 1921: 384) – Type: NIGERIA – Bauchi State • Tilde Filani; 3300 ft. [1005 m]; 24 May 1921; ♀ fl.; Lely 229; lectotype (designated here): K! [K 000350653].</p><p>Type</p><p>IVORY COAST • [Without precise locality]; s. d.; Smeathman s. n.; holotype: G-DC [G 00142244, mounted on 3 sheets] scan seen; isotype: BM [BM 000925475] scan seen .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrub, tree 2–10 m tall, 4–10 cm DBH. Bark pale grey, rugose, lenticels orange-brown, longitudinally elliptic. Young stems terete, dark brown to black, initially covered in dense, hispid, short, translucent pale yellow hairs &lt;0.5 mm long and caducous, yellow-brown hairs 0.75–1.5 mm long. Leaves alternate; petiole 1.5–7 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam., terete to nearly flat, occasionally narrowly sulcate, with short, erect, pale yellow hairs &lt;0.5 mm long; lamina 1.5–11.5 × 0.6–4 cm, elliptic to occasionally obovate, often asymmetric and somewhat falcate, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, young leaves with a very sparse indumentum above, mature leaves glabrous above except for sparse to dense, tomentose hairs ca 0.5–1.5 mm long at the base and along the midvein below, sometimes discolourous (in sicco), dull green-brown to dark brown above, glossy, similarly coloured, occasionally glossy below (in vivo), young leaves red above, pale green below, mature leaves deep green and glossy above, paler and glaucous or glossy below, with scattered minute glands in varying numbers, primarily in the lower half of the lamina, base acute, margin flat or weakly undulated, slightly thickened and revolute, apex acuminate, acute or rarely rounded, acumen to 15 mm, rounded at the tip; venation pinnate, midrib narrowly sulcate above, raised below, secondary and tertiary venation faintly visible on both sides, concolourous with the blade to slightly lighter in colour below, raised on both sides; secondary venation emerging slightly decurrently at acute angles from the midrib, veins 7 to 9 per side, brochidodromous, forming loops sometimes close to the margin, the most apical ones smaller and more steeply angled; tertiary venation less conspicuous than the secondary, irregularly reticulate, branching, and forming further loops between the secondary veins and the margin. Male flowers in 2 - to 4 - flowered axillary cymes, axes densely covered in semi-appressed, tomentose, golden hairs ca 0.5 mm long, peduncle 0.5–2.5 mm long, pedicel 0.5–1 mm; calyx with moderate to sparse straight, appressed, golden to golden brown hairs 0.5-0.75 mm long outside, glabrous inside, basal portion cupuliform, 1.5–2.5 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, broadly rounded-triangular to triangular, slightly reflexed, 1–2 × 1.5–2.5 mm, apex broadly acute; corolla glabrous outside except for a rhomboid to narrowly-rhomboid central area with dense, straight, appressed, golden to light brown hairs 1–1.25 mm long, glabrous inside, tube cupuliform, 2.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, rounded-triangular, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, slightly imbricate, apex acute; stamens (3) 6 to 10 (11), inserted at the base of the corolla tube, filament 0.75–1 mm long, anther 1.5–2.5 mm long; pistillode ovoid, 1.5–2 × 1.5 mm, densely covered in erect, straight, golden hairs 0.75 mm long. Female flowers axillary, solitary, pedicel 1–2.5 mm long, densely covered in semi-appressed, sericeous, brown hairs &lt;0.5 mm long; calyx densely covered in straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.25–0.5 mm long outside, glabrous inside, basal portion cupuliform, 2–3 × 2.5–3.5 mm, lobes 3, entire, broadly triangular, 1–1.5 × 2–3 mm, apex broadly acute; corolla glabrous except for a rhomboid central area of dense straight, appressed, golden hairs 0.75–1 mm long, glabrous inside, tube cylindrical, 2–3 × ca 2 mm, lobes ovate, slightly spreading, 2–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, weakly imbricate, apex shortly acute; staminodes lacking; ovary ovoid, rounded-triangular in cross section, 2–2.5 × 2 mm, densely covered in straight, appressed, golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long, style ca 1 mm long, with the same indumentum as the ovary, increasingly sparse towards the stigmas. Fruits axillary, solitary, pedicel 1–1.5 mm; calyx cupuliform, 6–9 mm wide, with minute, moderately dense indumentum, sometimes glabrescent, brown (in vivo), basal portion cupuliform, 9–12 × 3.5–4 mm, lobes 3, broadly triangular, entire, 2–2.5 × 8–11 mm, apex broadly acute; fruit ellipsoid, 10–14 × 5–9 mm, orange at maturity (in vivo), surface smooth, with scattered, short, appressed, yellowish hairs, denser toward the apex, style persistent at the apex. Seeds 2, 10–11 × 4–4.5 mm, hemi-ellipsoid, surface uneven, dark grey to black, somewhat shiny.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Senegal to NE Democratic Republic of the Congo (Fig. 4).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Diospyros smeathmannii has been collected most often on river / stream banks and in swamps, at sites from sea level to ca 500 m, rarely up to 1250 m.</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering material has been collected nearly year-round except in June and August, and fruiting material from September to April.</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment</p><p>Diospyros smeathmannii has an Extent of Occurrence of 5,504,397 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 280 km 2. The species is known from 87 collections, more than two-thirds of which date from prior to 1984, representing more than 50 different occurrences, some of which occur within protected areas. Targeted collecting at historic sites is needed to confirm the status of extant subpopulations. Diospyros smeathmannii is assessed as Least Concern: LC.</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>CAMEROON – Without locality data • May – Jun. 1946; Aubréville 118 C; P [P 04595314, P 04595315] . – North Region • 60 km SW of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.150833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.3875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.150833/lat 8.3875)">Tcholliré</a>; [08°23’15”N, 14°09’03”E]; 2 Feb. 1977; Fotius 2580; P [P 04595258, P 04595259] .</p><p>CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC – Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.683333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.3/lat 8.683333)">Manovo-Gounda-St. Floris National Park</a>; [08°41’00”N, 21°18’00”E]; 580 m; 19 Sep. 1983; Fay 5737; MO [MO-3853649] . – Ouaka Prefecture • Riv. Fo, 30 km ouest Moroubai; 22 Apr. 1923; R. P. Tisserant 1084; FHO [FHO-128781], P [P 04595255] .</p><p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO – Ituri Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.580002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.41" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.580002/lat 1.41)">Epulu</a>; [01°24’36”N, 28°34’48”E]; 21 Feb. 1914; Bequaert 2595; BR [BR 0000016101722, BR 0000016101739, BR 0000016101746] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.25/lat 0.7)">Bela</a>; [00°42’00”N, 29°15’00”E]; 400 m; s. d.; Michelson 464; BR [BR 0000016101685] • Zone de Mambasa (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.383333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.1666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.383333/lat 1.1666666)">Ituri Forest</a>); [01°10’00”N, 28°23’00”E]; 5 Mar. 1998; Ntumba 21; BR [BR 0000016101678], MO [MO-5659564] • Zone de Mambasa (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.383333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.1666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.383333/lat 1.1666666)">Ituri Forest</a>); [01°10’00”N, 28°23’00”E]; 5 Mar. 1998; Ntumba 39; BR [BR 0000016101449] . – Lomami Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.33" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.6/lat -4.33)">Beondo</a>; [04°19’48”S, 20°36’00”E]; 20 Apr. 1959; Bamps 570; BR [BR 0000016101777], FHO [FHO-105509] • [Without precise locality]; 7 Feb. 1914; Bequaert 2362; BR [BR 0000016101753, BR 0000016101760], FHO [FHO-105464] .</p><p>GABON – Estuaire Province • Ovang, E of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.48333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.516666/lat 0.48333332)">Libreville</a>; [00°29’00”N, 09°31’00”E]; 23 Jul. 1985; Bos 10766; BR [BR 0000016101647], K, MO [MO-4310171], P [P 04595303], WAG [WAG.1778709, WAG.1778710] • Same locality; 1 m; 15 Oct. 2000; Breteler 15653; BR [BR 0000016101463], MO [MO-6857195], WAG [WAG.1778711, WAG.1778712] • Same locality; 15 Feb. 1985; Louis 1715; BR [BR 0000016101456], MO [MO-6480264], WAG [WAG.1778698] • 1 km N of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.48333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.516666/lat 0.48333332)">landing stage of Ovang</a>; [00°29’00”N, 09°31’00”E]; 15 Feb. 1985; Reitsma 830; MO [MO-4285103], WAG [WAG.1778708] .</p><p>GHANA – Kada Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.89&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.14" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.89/lat 6.14)">Kada Agric. Research Station</a>; [06°08’24”N, 00°53’24”W]; 17 Mar. 1972; Enti Sp 645; MO [MO-2094474] .</p><p>GUINEA – Without locality data • Apr. 1905; Chevalier 13278; P [P 04595245] • Apr. 1905; Chevalier 13320; P [P 04595265] • Apr. 1905; Chevalier 13336; P [P 04595246]; Chevalier 13339; FHO [FHO-131146], P [P 04595266, P 04595267] • Apr. 1905; Chevalier 13607; P [P 04595268] • 1903; Pobéguin 851; P [P 04595271] . – Boké Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-14.458333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.226388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -14.458333/lat 10.226388)">Bel-Air, vers Drameya</a>; [10°13’35”N, 14°27’30”W]; 2 m; 21 Oct. 2016; Bidault 2498; BRLU, HNG, MO [MO-3061991], P [P 01192530] . – Kankan Region • Dabola, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.17139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.7283325" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.17139/lat 10.7283325)">chutes du Tinkisso</a>; [10°43’42”N, 11°10’17”W]; 19 Apr. 1949; Adam 4535; MO [MO-2109761], P [P 04595270] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.719999" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.4/lat 10.719999)">Dabola, towards Mamou</a>; [10°43’12”N, 11°24’00”W]; 20 Apr. 1949; Adam 4551; MO [MO-2109758], P [P 04595269] . – Kindia Region • 4 km E of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-10.030556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.892222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -10.030556/lat 9.892222)">village Taban</a>; 09°53’32”N, 10°01’50”W; 450 m; 21 Apr. 2017; van der Burgt 2122; K [K 001286269] . – Labe Region • 10 km après <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.323055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.0875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.323055/lat 12.0875)">Misside</a>; [12°05’15”N, 12°19’23”W]; 12 Feb. 1979; Lisowski 51718; BR [BR 0000016101388, BR 0000016101395] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.084444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.071389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.084444/lat 12.071389)">Mont Loura</a>; [12°04’17”N, 12°05’04”W]; 17 Feb. 1979; Lisowski 51749; BR [BR 0000016101371] .</p><p>GUINEA-BISSAU – Bissau Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-14.925556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.889167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -14.925556/lat 11.889167)">Bissalanca</a>; [11°53’21”N, 14°55’32”W]; 10 Jan. 1945; Espirito Santo 1633; FHO [FHO-95112], K . – Cacheu Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.03&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.06" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.03/lat 12.06)">Canchungo</a>; [12°03’36”N, 16°01’48”W]; 19 Apr. 1945; Espirito Santo 1937; FHO [FHO-95110], K, MO [MO-2427334], WAG [WAG.1777963] . – Oio Region • Farim, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.540001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.440001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.540001/lat 12.440001)">Begene</a>; [12°26’24”N, 15°32’24”W]; 23 May 1947; Espirito Santo 2386; K [K 001561017], MO [MO-2427339], WAG [WAG.1777962] .</p><p>IVORY COAST – Bas Sassandra District • Entre Tabou et Bériby [= Béréby]; 17 Aug. 1907; Chevalier 19961 bis; P [P 04595329] . – Lagunes District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-5.0200005&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.2200003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -5.0200005/lat 6.2200003)">Réserve de Lamto</a>; [06°13’12”N, 05°01’12”W]; 80 m; 1 Dec. 1986; D. &amp; L. Gautier-Béguin 446; G, MO [MO-5742662] • Réserve de Lamto; 6 Sep. 1987; D. &amp; L. Gautier-Béguin 577; G, MO [MO-5725340] . – Sassandra-Marahoué District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-5.9166665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.0666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -5.9166665/lat 7.0666666)">Parc National de la Marahoue</a>; [07°04’00”N, 05°55’00”W]; 300 m; 9 Feb. 1998; Jongkind 4327; BR [BR 0000016101333], FHO, MO [MO-6379106], WAG [WAG.1777952] . – Vallee du Bandama District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.11&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.440001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.11/lat 9.440001)">Farakoro</a>; [09°26’24”N, 07°06’36”W]; 21 Apr. 1972; Aké Assi 11752; G, MO [MO-04912340] .</p><p>MALI – Bamoko Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.18&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.56" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.18/lat 12.56)">Bamako</a>; [12°33’36”N, 08°10’48”W]; 438 m; 4 Dec. 2003; Birnbaum 699; IFAN, P [P 05218584] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.033334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.033334/lat 12.6)">West of Djikoroni</a>; [12°36’00”N, 08°02’00”W]; 31 Jan. 1973; N’Golo 1275; MO [MO-3325018], WAG [WAG.1777969] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.5547223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.626667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.5547223/lat 12.626667)">Forêt de la Faya</a>; [12°37’36”N, 07°33’17”W]; 7 Dec. 1978; Floret 1385; P [P 04539852] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.9072223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.661388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.9072223/lat 12.661388)">Djikoroni</a>; [12°39’41”N, 07°54’26”W]; 31 Jan. 1973; Cissé 493 C; WAG [WAG.1777967, WAG.1777968] . – Kayes Region • Cercle de Kita, Séta-Oulé ( Bohké), Galerie du Dabara; 12 Apr. 1939; Dubois 154 bis; P [P 00531015] • Kenieba Cercle, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.3138895&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.295" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.3138895/lat 12.295)">Falea Rockgate Mine</a>; [12°17’42”N, 11°18’50”W]; 410 m; 27 Oct. 2012; Luke 15983; K [K 001561018] . – Kita Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.91&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.91/lat 12.35)">Faille de Dabarako</a>; [12°21’00”N, 09°54’36”W]; 362 m; 12 Feb. 2007; Birnbaum 1164; IFAN, P [P 05217987] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.91&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.91/lat 12.35)">Faille de Dabarako</a>; [12°21’00”N, 09°54’36”W]; 355 m; 12 Feb. 2007; Birnbaum 1175; IFAN, P [P 05218587] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.07" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.9/lat 12.07)">Galerie du Bale</a>; [12°04’12”N, 09°54’00”W]; 351 m; 13 Feb. 2007; Birnbaum 1183; IFAN, P [P 05218427] . – Koulikoro Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.754723&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.235278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.754723/lat 12.235278)">Famansa</a>; [12°14’07”N, 08°45’17”W]; 18 May 1975; Aberlin 603; P [P 04589934] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.498055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.644167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.498055/lat 12.644167)">Vallée du Soulou</a>; [12°38’39”N, 08°29’53”W]; 4 Apr. 1934; Dubois 154; P [P 00531014, P 00531015] . – Sikasso Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-5.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.92" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -5.7/lat 10.92)">Ninedoni</a>; [10°55’12”N, 05°42’00”W]; 0 m; 27 Jan. 2005; Birnbaum 864; IFAN, K, P [P 05218583] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-5.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.92" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -5.7/lat 10.92)">Ninedoni</a>; [10°55’12”N, 05°42’00”W]; 0 m; 27 Jan. 2005; Birnbaum 865; IFAN, K, P [P 05218586] . – Unknown Region • Lido, Marigat; 23 Mar. 1976; Aberlin 603 bis; P [P 04589935] .</p><p>NIGERIA – Without locality data • 30 Jan. 1970; Schweinfurth 2902; K [K 001561028] • 14 Nov. 1968 – 16 Aug. 1969; van Meer 1076; BR [BR 0000016101470], K, MO [MO-6857182] . – Anambra State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.17&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.17" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.17/lat 6.17)">Mamu Forest Reserve</a>; [06°10’12”N, 07°10’12”E]; Jan. 1945; Burtt 21; K [K 001561009] . – Bauchi State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.356112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.26" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.356112/lat 12.26)">Katagum District</a>; [12°15’36”N, 10°21’22”E]; s. d.; Dalziel 413; FHO, K [K 000350652] • Bauchi Plateau; [09°59’39”N, 09°29’12”E]; May 1928; Lely 266; FHO [FHO-32271], K [K 001561008] . – Cross River State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.358334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.9694443" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.358334/lat 5.9694443)">Iyamojong F. R.</a>; [05°58’10”N, 08°21’30”E]; 14 Apr. 1959; Binuyo 41231; BR [BR 0000016101531], FHO [FHO-108729], K [K 001561004], WAG [WAG.1777981] . – Kaduna State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.5525002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.534722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.5525002/lat 10.534722)">Kaduna</a>; [10°32’05”N, 07°33’09”E]; 9 Dec. 1949; Meikle 786; BR [BR 0000016101524], K, P [P 04595261, P 04595263] . – Ondo State • Akure Forest Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.0294447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.3025002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.0294447/lat 7.3025002)">Aponmu</a>; [07°18’09”N, 05°01’46”E]; 19 Oct. 1946; Keay 21556; FHO [FHO-74111, FHO-74112], K [K 001561023] • Akure Forest Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.03&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.309167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.03/lat 7.309167)">Owena</a>; [07°18’33”N, 05°01’48”E]; 11 Dec. 1957; Keay 37273; K [K 001561025] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=5.060278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.2405553" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 5.060278/lat 7.2405553)">Aponmu Pilot Sawmill Area</a>; [07°14’26”N, 05°03’37”E]; 18 Oct. 1946; Onochie 20234; FHO [FHO-73743, FHO-73849, FHO-81184], K [K 001561024] . – Oyo State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.9669445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.2330556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.9669445/lat 7.2330556)">Ibadan south Reserve</a>; [07°13’59”N, 03°58’01”E]; 22 Sep. 1948; Chizea 19480; BR [BR 0000016101548] . – Plateau State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.79639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.736389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.79639/lat 9.736389)">Vom</a>; [09°44’11”N, 08°47’47”E]; 20 Apr. 1972; Gbile 1075; BR [BR 0000016101517], K • Kogigiri, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.842777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.902499" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.842777/lat 9.902499)">near reservoir above Jos</a>; [09°54’09”N, 08°50’34”E]; 1250 m; 17 Oct. 1957; Hepper 1061; BR [BR 0000016101555], K, P [P 04595262] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.881945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.6455555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.881945/lat 9.6455555)">Heipang</a>; [09°38’44”N, 08°52’55”E]; 11 Apr. 1958; Keay 37603; FHO, K [K 001561007] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.848888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.889444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.848888/lat 9.889444)">Valley on Plateau</a>; [09°53’22”N, 08°50’56”E]; 1219 m; 14 Nov. 1980; Sharland 1527; K [K 001561006] • Jos, Heipan Kurmi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.836945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.058889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.836945/lat 9.058889)">near Heipan Tapu</a>; [09°03’32”N, 08°50’13”E]; 9 Nov. 1963; White 8287; FHO [FHO-114635, FHO-114671, FHO-115487, FHO-115505] • Jos plateau, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.836945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.058889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.836945/lat 9.058889)">Kogon Giri Forest Reserve</a>; [09°03’32”N, 08°50’13”E]; 9 Feb. 1963; White 8304; FHO [FHO-115478] . – Taraba State • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.490001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.3647223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.490001/lat 7.3647223)">Gangumi near the bank of River Sulli</a>; [07°21’53”N, 11°29’24”E]; 16 Dec. 1954; Latilo 28911; FHO, K [K 001560122] .</p><p>SENEGAL – Without locality data • 20 Mar. 1964; Berhaut 7253; BR [BR 0000016101821], P [P 04595250] . – Dakar Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-17.226667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.777222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -17.226667/lat 14.777222)">Sangalkam</a>; [14°46’38”N, 17°13’36”W]; Dec. 1950; Berhaut 1030; BR [BR 0000016101845], P [P 04595248] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-17.32389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.729444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -17.32389/lat 14.729444)">Mbao</a>; [14°43’46”N, 17°19’26”W]; 24 Apr. 1957; Berhaut 5570; P [P 04595313] . – Kédougou Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.55/lat 12.39)">Nepin</a>; [12°23’24”N, 12°33’00”W]; 8 Mar. 1962; Adam 18868; MO [MO-2109623] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.321667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.367223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.321667/lat 12.367223)">Cirque de Díndefelo</a>; [12°22’02”N, 12°19’18”W]; 15 Nov. 1964; Adam 19961; K [K 001561005] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.899722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.054167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.899722/lat 13.054167)">Nikolo-Koba</a>; [13°03’15”N, 12°53’59”W]; Apr. 1951; Berhaut 2927; BR [BR 0000016101838], P [P 04595249] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.323334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.366389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.323334/lat 12.366389)">Cascade de Dindefello</a>; [12°21’59”N, 12°19’24”W]; 21 m; 21 May 1993; Goudiaby 72; BR [BR 0000016101814] • Parc National du Niokolo Koba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.883333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.766666/lat 12.883333)">Mount Assirik</a>; [12°53’00”N, 12°46’00”W]; 150 m; 5 Apr. 1993; Madsen 1490; MO [MO-5651778] • Same locality; 150 m; 5 Apr. 1993; Madsen 1498; MO [MO-5651777] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-12.755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.883611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -12.755/lat 12.883611)">Mount Assirik</a>; [12°53’01”N, 12°45’18”W]; 200–300 m; 11 May 1976; Tutin 38; K [K 001561019] . – Kolda Region • [Without precise locality]; May 1946 – Jun. 1946; Aubréville 109 C; P [P 04595316] . – Sangalkam Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-17.220001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.7699995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -17.220001/lat 14.7699995)">Sangalkam</a>; [14°46’12”N, 17°13’12”W]; 22 Jul. 1948; Adam 1615; MO [MO-2109624], P [P 04595312] . – Ziguinchor Region • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.561666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.449166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.561666/lat 12.449166)">Oussouye</a>; [12°26’57”N, 16°33’42”W]; 6 Sep. 1968; Berhaut 7384; P [P 04595311] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.726112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.353333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.726112/lat 12.353333)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’12”N, 16°43’34”W]; 4 m; 12 Dec. 1977; Vanden Berghen 2243; BR [BR 0000016101807, BR 0000016101234] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.725555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.356389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.725555/lat 12.356389)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’23”N, 16°43’32”W]; 10 m; 17 Sep. 1981; Vanden Berghen 4558; BR [BR 0000016101197] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.726112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.353333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.726112/lat 12.353333)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’12”N, 16°43’34”W]; 10 m; 19 Sep. 1981; Vanden Berghen 4599; BR [BR 0000016101180] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.726112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.353333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.726112/lat 12.353333)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’12”N, 16°43’34”W]; 10 m; 21 May 1982; Vanden Berghen 5040; BR [BR 0000016101258] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.726112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.353333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.726112/lat 12.353333)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’12”N, 16°43’34”W]; 10 m; 25 May 1982; Vanden Berghen 5103; BR [BR 0000016101425] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.75/lat 12.383333)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°23’00”N, 16°45’00”W]; 10 m; 26 May 1982; Vanden Berghen 5110; BR [BR 0000016101319], WAG [WAG.1777960] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.728056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.354167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.728056/lat 12.354167)">Cap Skirring</a>; [12°21’15”N, 16°43’41”W]; 3 m; 27 Sep. 1984; Vanden Berghen 6672; BR [BR 0000016101326] .</p><p>SIERRA LEONE – Western Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-13.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -13.166667/lat 8.233334)">John Obey Peninsula</a>; [08°14’00”N, 13°10’00”W]; 4 Mar. 1964; Morton 901; FHO, K, WAG [WAG.1777964] • Same locality; 12 Apr. 1964; Morton SL 1201; K [K 001561016], MO [MO-2865964, MO-3038711], WAG [WAG.1777965] .</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hutchinson (1921) cited two collections deposited at Kew in his description of Maba secundiflora Hutch., from which we have selected the flowering specimen (Lely 229) as the lectotype because it comprises more complete material and is accompanied by more detailed locality information than the other syntype (Dalziel 413, K 000350652!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/414C0424318A557E81429C3A60A1361E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mestre Serra, Edgard;Puglisi, Carmen;Linan, Alexander G.;Meeprom, Nattanon;Rakouth, Hasina N.;Schmidt, Heidi H.;Lowry II, Porter P.	Mestre Serra, Edgard, Puglisi, Carmen, Linan, Alexander G., Meeprom, Nattanon, Rakouth, Hasina N., Schmidt, Heidi H., Lowry II, Porter P. (2025): A taxonomic revision of the continental African material previously included in Diospyros ferrea (Ebenaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1): 82-99, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140561
BC86C059D6EA5FD0B030AC3BB3982CED.text	BC86C059D6EA5FD0B030AC3BB3982CED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diospyros suaheliensis E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth & Lowry 2025	<div><p>5. Diospyros suaheliensis E. Mestre, Meeprom, H. N. Rakouth &amp; Lowry sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1 E, 2 E, 7</p><p>Type</p><p>KENYA – Coast Province • Lamu Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.495834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.347222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.495834/lat -2.347222)">Witu Forest</a>; 2°20’50”S, 40°29’45”E; 16 m; 17 Nov. 1988; ♂ bud, ♂ fl.; Robertson &amp; Luke 5528; holotype: MO! [MO-4240972]; isotypes: EA, K!, US [US 03133205] scan seen, WAG [WAG.1778716] scan seen .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Diospyros suaheliensis can be distinguished from other African species previously included in D. ferrea by the combination of leaves with a symmetric (not falcate) lamina that has a few dark, pitted glands toward the base and a retuse, rounded or obtuse (sometimes broadly acute) apex, a globose fruit 8–12 × 8–11 mm, and a fruiting calyx with 3 broadly triangular lobes 3–4 × 6–8 mm.</p><p>Description</p><p>Tree or shrub 2–12 m tall. Bark pale grey to brownish grey, rugose, lenticels brown, round to longitudinally elliptic. Young stems terete, brown, then pale grey, initially covered in dense, hispid, very short, translucent pale yellow hairs and golden yellow, longer and caducous hairs 0.75–1 mm long. Leaves alternate; petiole 2–8 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm diam., flat to deeply sulcate, with the same indumentum as the stem or glabrescent; lamina 0.8–8.5 × 0.8–5.6 cm, elliptic to orbicular or slightly obovate, symmetric (never falcate), chartaceous to coriaceous, glabrous above and below, concolourous to slightly discolourous, pale grey-green to dark brown above, often dull-glaucous, pale, dark or reddish brown below, with dark, pitted glands occasionally present in very small numbers in the basal part, base, acute to rounded, rarely cuneate, margin slightly to majorly undulate, thickened, often lighter than the rest of the lamina, apex retuse, rounded, obtuse or less frequently broadly acute; venation pinnate, midrib narrowly impressed to flat above, raised below, secondary and tertiary venation visible on both sides, concolourous with blade, raised on both sides; secondary venation emerging at irregularly acute and decurrent angles from the midrib, (5) 6 or 7 (8) veins per side, brochidodromous, forming irregular loops close to the margin, the most apical ones smaller and more steeply angled; tertiary venation similar to the secondary in size and colour, irregularly reticulate and forming further loops between the secondary veins and the margin. Male flowers in short, 3 - flowered axillary cymes, axes with moderately dense, semi-appressed, golden hairs &lt;0.5 mm long, peduncle 1–3 mm long, pedicel &lt;1 mm long; calyx with moderately straight, appressed, golden brown hairs 0.25–0.5 mm long outside, sparse and limited to the margin inside, basal portion cupuliform, ca 2.5 × 2.5–3 mm, lobes 3, round to round-triangular, ca 1 × 2.5 mm, apex shortly acute; corolla with dense, appressed straight, golden inside 0.5–1.5 mm long outside on the lobes, glabrous elsewhere, tube shortly campanulate 3 × 2.5 mm, lobes 3, entire, ovate, spreading, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, apex acute; stamens 9 or 10, inserted at the base of the corolla tube, filament 1.0– 1.5 mm long, anther 1.75–2.3 mm long; pistillode discoid, 3 - to 6 - lobed, ca 0.5 × 1–1.1 mm, densely covered in erect, straight golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long. Female flowers axillary, solitary, subsessile; calyx moderately covered outside and inside in straight appressed golden hairs 0.25–0.75 mm long, basal portion cupuliform, ca 3 × ca 2.5 mm, lobes 3, triangular, ca 1 × 2 mm, acute (often broadly so); corolla and staminodes not seen; ovary obovoid, ca 3 × 3 mm (post receptivity), covered toward the apex with straight, appressed, golden hairs ca 0.25 mm long, style ca 1 mm long, glabrous. Fruits axillary, solitary, pedicel to 1 mm long; calyx cupuliform, 8–10 mm wide, with dense to very sparse, minute, golden hairs 0.25–0.5 mm long, basal portion shallowly cupuliform to flat, 2–4 × 7–11 mm, lobes 3, broadly triangular, margins ciliate, entire, 3–4 × 6–8 mm, apex broadly acute; fruit globose, (8 –) 10–11 (– 12) × 8–11 mm, bright red at maturity (in vivo), surface smooth, sparsely tomentose, style persistent at the apex. Seeds 4, 7–7.5 × 3.5–6 mm, ellipsoid-wedge shaped, rugose, dark grey, slightly shiny.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique (Fig. 4).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>Diospyros suaheliensis is known from coastal and lowland riverine forest at 0–250 m elevation.</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering material has been collected from September to January, and fruiting material in February, May, July, and November.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The name chosen for this new species reflects its geographic distribution, which corresponds very closely to the Swahilian regional centre of endemism, as defined by Clarke (1998), which extends from southern Somalia through Kenya and Tanzania south to northern Mozambique.</p><p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment</p><p>Diospyros suaheliensis has an Extent of Occurrence of 404,496 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 76 km 2. The species is known from 20 collections representing seven different occurrences, some of which fall within formally protected areas whereas others that do not are likely subjected to several threats, including land clearing for agriculture and fire. Targeted collecting at historic sites is needed to confirm the status of the extant subpopulations. A continuing decline is inferred for the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, area, extent, and / or quality of habitat, number of locations, and number of mature individuals. Regarding the most serious plausible threat (land clearing for agriculture), Diospyros suaheliensis has been recorded at seven locations and is thus assessed as Vulnerable: VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>KENYA – Kwale District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.55/lat -4.4)">South of Kinondo</a>; [04°24’00”S, 39°33’00”E]; 5 m; 2 Mar. 1977; Faden 77 / 643; FHO [FHO 0080385], K, US [US 03133207] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.533333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.533333/lat -4.383333)">Kaya Kinondo</a>; [04°23’00”S, 39°32’00”E]; 5 m; 10 Nov. 1992; Harvey 45; MO [MO-5663315] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.533333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.533333/lat -4.4)">Kaya Mgawani</a>; [04°24’00”S, 39°32’00”E]; 7 m; 4 Jan. 1992; Luke 3036; K, MO [MO-5659987], US [US 03133204] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.547222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3941665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.547222/lat -4.3941665)">Kaya Kinondo</a>; [04°23’39”S, 39°32’50”E]; 16 Jul. 1987; Robertson 4922; K [K 001561013] . – Lamu District • 3 km E of Tana river in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.183334/lat -2.0)">Home forest</a>; [02°00’00”S, 40°11’00”E]; 25 m; 14 Feb. 1973; Katende K 1775; MO [MO-2786187] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.2333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.2/lat -2.2333333)">Lango la Simba</a>; [02°14’00”S, 40°12’00”E]; 12 m; 30 Nov. 2004; Luke 10739; K [K 001561015], MO [MO-2758137] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=41.24167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.7166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 41.24167/lat -1.7166667)">Boni Forest Reserve</a>; [01°43’00”S, 41°14’30”E]; 12 m; 29 Nov. 1988; Robertson 5594; EA, K, MO [MO-4240965], US [US 03133206] . – Tana District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.38" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.3/lat -2.38)">Tana Delta</a>; [02°22’48”S, 40°18’00”E]; 5 m; 4 May 2011; Leauthaud 145; EA, K, MO [MO-6854947)] .</p><p>MOZAMBIQUE – Without locality data • 3 Nov. 1905; Le Testu 863; BM, BR [BR 0000016101593], FHO, MO [MO-2198289], P [P 04595252, P 04595253] . – Cabo Delgado Province • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.50778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.429167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.50778/lat -12.429167)">Nangororo</a>; [12°25’45”S, 40°30’28”E]; 24 Nov. 1959; Gomes 4526; BR [BR 0000016101579], K [K 001561001] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.066667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.35/lat -12.066667)">Quirimba</a>; [12°04’00”S, 40°21’00”E]; 60 m; 5 Dec. 2003; Luke 9867; MO [MO-5761467] .</p><p>TANZANIA – Lindi District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.49222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.959167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.49222/lat -8.959167)">Kilwa Kisiwani Island</a>; [08°57’33”S, 39°29’32”E]; 0 m; 17 Dec. 2003; Abeid 1631; MO [MO-5901562] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.783333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.8330555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.783333/lat -9.8330555)">Lake Lutamba</a>; [09°49’59”S, 39°47’00”E]; 800 ft; Nov. 1953; Eggeling 6730; K, TFD • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.03" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.46/lat -10.03)">Lake Lutamba</a>; [10°01’48”S, 39°27’36”E]; 240 m; 5 Nov. 1984; Mwasumbi 12684; DSM, K, MO [MO-2758149] • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.56" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.6/lat -9.56)">Lutambasee</a>; [09°33’36”S, 39°36’00”E]; 240 m; 9 Nov. 1934; Schlieben 5586; FHO [FHO 0080387], K [K 001561002], WAG [WAG.1778713], MO [MO-1703876] . – Liwale District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.54222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.456667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.54222/lat -8.456667)">Selous Game Reserve</a>; [08°27’24”S, 38°32’32”E]; 125 m; 31 Jul. 1975; Vollesen 2605; DSM, K [K 001561003], WAG [WAG.1778714] • Selous Game Reserve; 125 m; 6 Oct. 1975; Vollesen 2752; DSM, K, WAG [WAG.1778715] • Selous Game Reserve; 125 m; 6 Sep. 1976; Vollesen 3979; DSM, K, WAG [WAG.1778717] . – Muheza District • <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.09611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.1552777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.09611/lat -5.1552777)">Kigombe</a>; [05°09’19”S, 39°05’46”E]; 0 m; 20 May 1958; Faulkner 2151; K [K 001561011] .</p><p>Notes</p><p>Diospyros suaheliensis displays some morphological resemblance to D. angolensis, sharing leaves that usually have a rounded apex and generally spherical fruits. These similarities may be linked to the coastal and riverine environments they both occupy. Further investigations into the evolutionary origins of these shared and possibly adaptive traits as well as their environmental correlates are warranted.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC86C059D6EA5FD0B030AC3BB3982CED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mestre Serra, Edgard;Puglisi, Carmen;Linan, Alexander G.;Meeprom, Nattanon;Rakouth, Hasina N.;Schmidt, Heidi H.;Lowry II, Porter P.	Mestre Serra, Edgard, Puglisi, Carmen, Linan, Alexander G., Meeprom, Nattanon, Rakouth, Hasina N., Schmidt, Heidi H., Lowry II, Porter P. (2025): A taxonomic revision of the continental African material previously included in Diospyros ferrea (Ebenaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1): 82-99, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140561
