identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CB2687B3D6348464FF3CFA6DFACC4633.text	CB2687B3D6348464FF3CFA6DFACC4633.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eupolymnia Verrill 1900	<div><p>Genus  Eupolymnia Verrill, 1900</p><p>Type species:  Terebella danielsseni Malmgren, 1866 accepted as  Eupolymnia nesidensis (Delle Chiaje, 1828) (type by typification of replaced name)</p><p>Diagnosis (after Hutchings et al. 2021).</p><p>Transverse prostomium attached to dorsal surface of upper lip; basal part as thick crest, eye spots usually present; distal part shelf-like. Buccal tentacles all uniformly cylindrical. Peristomium restricted to lips; lips expanded, relatively short upper lip, hood-like, wider than long, distal margin rounded, frequently undulated; button-like, mid-ventral lower lip, almost completely covered by lobes of segment 1. Segment 1 conspicuous all around, dorsally narrow, with pair of low ventro-lateral lobes connected to each other by mid-ventral lobe marginal to mouth. Segments 2–4 with pairs of progressively shorter and more laterally inserted lobes, those on segment 2 ventro-lateral and frequently connected to each other by low collar-like lobe across ventrum. Anterior segments highly glandular ventrally, with discrete rectangular shields, anterior shields frequently corrugated. Three pairs of branchiae, on segments 2–4, each with single short and thick main stalk, dichotomously branching to short distal filaments. Conical to roughly rectangular notopodia beginning on segment 4, extending 17 segments, until segment 20; notochaetae all narrowly-winged, wings slightly broader basally on one side. Neuropodia beginning on segment 5, as low, sessile ridges in conjunction with notopodia and conical to rectangular pinnules posteriorly; neurochaetae as short-handled avicular uncini, in completely intercalated double rows from segment 11 until termination of notopodia. Nephridial and genital papillae present, from segments 2 or 3, extending for few anterior segments, between parapodial lobes or equivalent position on anterior segments. Pygidium crenulate to papillate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D6348464FF3CFA6DFACC4633	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
CB2687B3D6378460FF3CF979FC7A454F.text	CB2687B3D6378460FF3CF979FC7A454F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eupolymnia scholastica Lavesque & Hutchings 2025	<div><p>Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov.</p><p>zoobank.org:act: DB69D6F3-2645-416B-8500-4ED7D6681B34</p><p>Figures 2 and 3</p><p>Material examined.   Holotype. SAMC-A089102, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.355&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.617" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.355/lat -34.617)">South East Atlantic</a>, South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.355&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.617" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.355/lat -34.617)">Kleinbaai</a>, 34.617°S, 19.355°E, December 2011, posteriorly incomplete  .   Paratypes. Two specimens, SAMC-A020434, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.841" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.034/lat -34.841)">South East Atlantic</a>, South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.841" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.034/lat -34.841)">South Agulhas</a>, 34.841°S, 20.034°E, no date of collection, one mounted for SEM  .</p><p>Description. Large species with incomplete holotype (in three pieces) 39.8 mm long (35.8–45.8 mm) and 4.5 mm wide (4.7–6.2 mm), anterior part with 17 pairs of notopodia and three abdominal neuropodia.</p><p>Transverse prostomium attached to dorsal surface of upper lip; basal part with continuous row of black eyespots (absent on paratype SAM-MB-A020434), with a short mid-dorsal gap, with eyespots more or less separated from each other (Fig. 2A); distal part forming a shelf-like tentacular membrane from which numerous filiform and grooved buccal tentacles originate (Fig. 2A–D). Peristomium forming lips; hood-like upper lip, circular, wider than long, convoluted; lower lip thin, wider than long, pharyngeal organ everted (Fig. 2B, D).</p><p>Arborescent branchiae present on SG II–IV, longitudinally aligned, dorsal to line of notopodia; with long branches and short branchial filaments branching dichotomously; first pair longer, following ones of similar size; with a short basal stem reducing from first to third pair of branchiae (almost absent for third pair of branchiae) (Figs 2A, C–D; 3A).</p><p>Segment I conspicuous all around, ventrally developed, forming ventral lobe below lower lip (Fig. 2B, D). Small lateral lobes present on SG II-IV, inserted progressively more dorsally and reducing in size. SG II with one pair of auricular-shaped ventro-lateral lobes, connected ventrally by a low crest, anterior margins undulating and glandular; SG III with auricular-shaped lateral lobes; SG IV with a pair of short rounded dorso-lateral lobes; dorsal margins of lateral lobes on SG IV aligned with dorsal margins of neuropodia (Figs 2A, D; 3A–B). SG II–XVI with glandular, rectangular, smooth to slightly corrugated mid-ventral shields (Fig. 2B, D); mid-ventral groove extending posteriorly from SG XVII (Fig. 2B).</p><p>Rectangular notopodia beginning from SG IV, extending for 17 segments, until SG XX, laterally aligned (Figs 2A; 3D). Narrowly-winged notochaetae in two rows (Fig. 3D), first row shorter.</p><p>Neuropodia present from SG V, as low ridges until end of notopodia (Fig. 3C), as rectangular pinnules thereafter. Thoracic neuropodia progressively more ventral. Neurochaetae throughout as short-handled avicular uncini, arranged in completely intercalated double rows on SG XI–XX, in a face-to-face arrangement. Uncini with rounded heel and with short pointed prow, pointed dorsal button inserted at about halfway distance between base of main fang and tip of prow, elongate convex base, and main fang surmounted by crests with two rows of secondary teeth and upper crest of several small denticles, first row with two large teeth, second row with one large median tooth and two small lateral ones (Figs 2E; 3E–F).</p><p>Nephridial papillae on SG III–V, posteriorly to bases of branchiae and dorsally to notopodia; genital papillae on SG VI–VIII, globular, inserted posteriorly to neuropodia.</p><p>Pygidium unknown.</p><p>Methyl Green staining pattern: Anterior parts of ventral pads, lateral lobes, glandular areas around notopodium and neuropodium stained in blue (Fig. 2B, D).</p><p>Etymology. The name of this new species was chosen during an educational project on biodiversity and marine worms with CM2 pupils (10 years old) from the Gambetta school (Gujan-Mestras, France). This species name come from the Latin word “scholasticus” (=schools, scholars) and refers both to these children's school and to the importance of schooling for all children in the world.</p><p>Habitat. Unknown, coastal.</p><p>Type locality. Southern Atlantic Ocean, South Africa, Western Cape, Kleinbaai to Cape  Agulhas .</p><p>Distribution. Known from type locality only.</p><p>Remarks. A single species of  Eupolymnia had been previously described from Southern Africa, namely  Eupolymnia capensis (McIntosh, 1924), from the Cape region. However, the original description is very poor and the diagnostic characters used for this genus, like the number and shape of lateral lobes, are not described. Moreover, in the absence of any illustrations, it is not possible to fully characterise this species. We suggest that  Eupolymnia capensis is different from  Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov. as it was reported from a deep habitat (420 fathoms, i.e. 768 m) whereas the new species occurs in coastal environments.  Eupolymnia capensis is characterised by the “extension of ventral scutes throughout the entire length”, which are “rugose” anteriorly. In  Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov., the ventral shields are present until SG XVI and they are smooth. The third pair of branchiae of  Eupolymnia capensis is very small and restricted to a small terminal tuft while this third pair, although smaller, is well developed in  Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov. Finally, the uncini of  Eupolymnia capensis have three teeth above the main fang while they only have two teeth for  Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov. Apparently, the type specimens were not deposited by McIntosh, neither in Iziko South African Museum's collection (Cape Town), nor in the Natural History Museum (London) or in the Gatty Marine Laboratory (Scotland) where William McIntosh worked in the early 1920s’. Moreover, this species was not included in “Polychaetes of Southern Africa” by Day (1967) and we cannot find any other reference to  E. capensis . In the absence of type material and the very brief description, we suggest that this species should be considered as nomen dubium.</p><p>These specimens were identified as  E. nebulosa (Montagu, 1819) by John Day, a species described from UK and long considered cosmopolitan (Lavesque et al. 2021a).Although there are rare cases of wide distributions (i.e. about 5000 km) (Hutchings et al., 2025; Lavesque et al. 2025) or the existence of a single species ( Thelepus japonicus Marenzeller, 1884) that has been introduced far from its native range (Lavesque et al. 2020), the Spaghetti worms have restrictive distribution ranges with the existence of numerous cryptic species (Nygren et al. 2018; Lavesque et al. 2019b; Lavesque et al. 2021b). Anyway,  Eupolymnia scholastica sp. nov. differs from  E. nebulosa by the presence of 15 ventral shields instead of 10 shields for  E. nebulosa, the presence of an auricular lateral lobe on SG III which is bilobed for  E. nebulosa and finally the presence of branchiae with well-developed branches instead of branchiae with few branches for  E. nebulosa (Capa &amp; Hutchings 2006).</p><p>In the material examined, there was another potential undescribed species of  Eupolymnia (SAM MB A020433) from Western Cap, Saint James Shore Station 34˚7’19.28”S, 18˚27’26.66”E, but the material is not well preserved and until additional material is collected, we are unable to describe it.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D6378460FF3CF979FC7A454F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
CB2687B3D6338460FF3CFD75FCEF42C9.text	CB2687B3D6338460FF3CFD75FCEF42C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terebellides Sars 1835	<div><p>Genus  Terebellides Sars, 1835</p><p>Type species:  Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835</p><p>Diagnosis (after Lavesque et al. 2024).</p><p>Transverse prostomium attached to the dorsal surface of the upper lip; basal part as a thick crest, eyespots rarely present; distal part extending along the upper lip until near the anterior border of the lip. Buccal tentacles of two types, uniformly cylindrical and expanded at the tips, spatulate. Peristomium forming lips; lips expanded, circular upper lip, distal margin convoluted; expanded lower lip, scoop-shaped, with a large marginal lobe. Segment 1 short, conspicuous all around or only visible ventrally; following anterior segments with lobes as low ventral collars, frequently protruding laterally for short extension on segments 2–4, at least. Branchiae as single, stalked, four to five lobed structure, inserted mid-dorsally on segments 2–3 or 2–4, lobes in two pairs, each with multiple lamellae with ciliary tracts and rows of ciliated papillae; a fifth anterior lobe often present. Notopodia beginning on segments 3 or 4, usually 3, extending for 17–18 segments, until segment 20; narrowly winged notochaetae in both rows throughout. Neuropodia beginning from segments 7 or 8, usually 8; sessile thoracic neuropodia, uncini emerging directly from the body wall; first pair of neuropodia or first two pairs, when beginning from segment 7, with subdistally bent, distally tapered spines, from segment 9 thoracic neurochaetae as avicular uncini, hood below the main fang absent, crest with relatively few transverse rows of secondary teeth; abdominal neuropodia as foliaceous pinnules, bearing avicular uncini, with rows of secondary teeth on top and lateral to the main fang. Nephridial papillae only on segment 3, genital papillae, if present, normally on segments 6–7, at bases of notopodia, posterior and dorsal. Pygidium smooth to slightly crenulate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D6338460FF3CFD75FCEF42C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
CB2687B3D633846FFF3CF9A1FDB045F7.text	CB2687B3D633846FFF3CF9A1FDB045F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terebellides marionensis Lavesque & Hutchings 2025	<div><p>Terebellides marionensis sp. nov.</p><p>zoobank.org:act: 48608747-35A1-4DA6-A2C7-6ED6554F54B6</p><p>Figures 4 and 5</p><p>Material examined.   Holotype. SAMC-A021296, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.89&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-46.89" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.89/lat -46.89)">Sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.89&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-46.89" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.89/lat -46.89)">Prince Edward Islands</a>, Marion Island, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.89&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-46.89" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.89/lat -46.89)">off Marion Base</a>, 46.89°S, 37.89°E, August 1984  .  Paratypes. Two paratypes from the same collection site as the holotype, SAMC-A097163 .</p><p>Description. Probably large-size species with incomplete holotype 2.5 mm wide (holotype in several pieces, with abdominal parts). Preserved specimens whitish.</p><p>Prostomium compact; eyespots absent; large upper lip surrounding mouth; most of buccal tentacles lost, only remaining few short uniformly cylindrical ones (Figs 4B; 5A–B). Lower lip expanded below upper lip (Figs 4A– B; 5A–C). SG I only visible ventrally (and laterally on SEM paratype) (Fig. 5A), SG II ventrally and laterally; following segments with lobes as ventral collars, with elevated anterior margins (Figs 4B, D; 5A, C); lateral lappets on SG III–VIII (TC 1–6) continuing ventrally; absence of dorsal rounded projections on first chaetigers; presence of glandular lateral region on SG V (TC 3), oval shape (not easy to observe depending constriction of segments) (Fig. 4A–B).</p><p>Branchiae arising as a single structure from SG III, reaching SG VII, as single elongate and annulated mid-dorsal stalk, with two pairs of lobes, almost free from each other, lower pair thinner; anterior branchial projection (5 th lobe) present (Figs 4A–C; 5A–B). Dorsal lobes with about 50 packed lamellae; papillar projections on margins absent and ciliated tufts present; lobes terminating with short pointed tips (Figs 4A–C; 5B).</p><p>Thoracic notopodia from SG III (thorax incomplete), first pair reduced, notochaetae from TC1 (SG III) about same size as those from subsequent notopodia. All notochaetae simple capillaries, arranged in two rows, anterior row shorter. Neuropodia as sessile pinnules from TC6 (SG VIII) to pygidium. First thoracic pair of neuropodia (TC 6) with 8–9 sharply bent geniculate chaetae, with rounded tips (Fig. 5D), subsequent thoracic neuropodia (from TC 7) with about 10–15 uncini per torus arranged in irregular row, rostrum vs. capitium length ratio RvC =1/0.4, four mid-sized teeth above main fang surmounted by three rows of short denticles and upper crest of several minute denticles (Fig. 5E); few abdominal neuropodia remaining, as erect paddle-shaped pinnules, each with about 40 uncini present at margin; rostrum vs. capitium length ratio RvC =1/0.8, four teeth above main fang, surmounted by row of about eight short teeth and two rows of shorter denticles (Fig. 5F).</p><p>Two pairs of globular nephridial papillae posterior to base of notopodia of SG VI–VII (TC 4–TC 5). Pygidium unknown.</p><p>Methyl Green staining pattern: the first 10 segments stain solid; GLR light blue (Fig. 4A–B, D).</p><p>Etymology. This species name refers to the type locality of this species.</p><p>Habitat. Mud to fine sands, coastal, depth unknown.</p><p>Type locality.  Prince Edward Islands, Marion Island, Sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean.</p><p>Distribution. Known from type locality only.</p><p>Remarks. Many species of  Terebellides have been described from the Sub-Antarctic region (e.g. Schüller &amp; Hutchings 2013) but most of these species were sampled from the deep-sea. Only three coastal species have been described:  Terebellides kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885 from Kerguelen Islands and redescribed by Parapar &amp; Moreira (2008),  T. longicaudatus Hessle, 1917 from South Georgia and  T. paulina (Grube, 1871) from St Paul and Amsterdam Islands.  Terebellides paulina, initially described as  Terebella, has been synonymized with  Terebellides by Hartman (1959). However, even if the original description is very sparse and without any figures, this species seems to have 44 notopodia (bundles of bristles) and should be referred back to the genus  Terebella .</p><p>Terebellides marionensis sp. nov. differs mainly from  T. longicaudatus and  T. kerguelensis by the presence of free branchial lobes, which are fused for about 50 % of their length in the other two other species, and by the absence of dorsal projections on the first chaetigers, which are present on TC1 and TC2 for  T. longicaudatus and on TC1–TC5 for  T. kerguelensis .</p><p>Among the other West African species of  Terebellides,  T. marionensis sp. nov. is similar with  T. kirkegaardi Parapar, Martin &amp; Moreira, 2020 by the absence of dorsal rounded projections on the first chaetigers and by the presence of both a glandular lateral region and a fifth branchial lobe. However, the two species differ by the presence of posterior pointed tips on branchial lobes in  T. marionensis sp. nov. and filamentous terminal tips in  T. kirkegaardi, and by the first thoracic chaetiger and notochaetae being shorter than the subsequent ones in  T. kirkegaardi instead of normal ones in  T. marionensis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D633846FFF3CF9A1FDB045F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
CB2687B3D63C846AFF3CFD75FEA74687.text	CB2687B3D63C846AFF3CFD75FEA74687.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terebellides simonae Lavesque & Hutchings 2025	<div><p>Terebellides simonae sp. nov.</p><p>zoobank.org:act: E84D8A02-F280-441B-9D39-563CA0FFB9AF</p><p>Figures 6 and 7</p><p>Material examined.   Holotype. SAMC-A075877, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.678&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.678/lat -34.35)">South East Atlantic</a>, South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.678&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.678/lat -34.35)">False Bay</a>, 34.35°S, 18.678°E, October 1967  .   Paratypes. SAMC-A097162, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.678&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.678/lat -34.35)">South East Atlantic</a>, South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.678&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.678/lat -34.35)">False Bay</a>, 34.35°S, 18.678°E, October 1967, mounted for SEM  .</p><p>Description. Small-size species, holotype 19.0 mm long and 1.9 mm wide. Body tapering posteriorly, segments increasingly shorter and more compacted towards pygidium. Preserved specimens whitish.</p><p>Prostomium compact; eyespots absent; large upper lip surrounding mouth; most of buccal tentacles lost, only remaining short uniformly cylindrical ones (Figs 6B–D; 7A–C). Lower lip expanded below upper lip (Fig. 6A–B). SGs I and II only visible ventrally; following segments with lobes as ventral collars, lateral lappets on SG IV–VIII (TC 2–6) continuing ventrally; dorsal rounded projections on TC 1–TC 3; presence of glandular large oval lateral region on SG V (TC 3) (Figs 6A–B; 7A, C).</p><p>Branchiae arising as a single structure from SG III, reaching SG IX, as single elongate and annulated mid-dorsal stalk, with two pairs of lobes, almost free from each other, lower pair thinner; anterior branchial projection (5 th lobe) present. Dorsal lobes with about 50 packed lamellae; papillar projections on margins only on most anterior lamellae and ciliated tufts present; dorsal and ventral lobes terminating with filaments (Figs 6; 7A–B, D).</p><p>Eighteen pairs of thoracic notopodia (SG III–XX), two first pairs reduced, notochaetae from TC 1 (SG III) about same size (or slightly longer) as those from subsequent notopodia. All notochaetae simple capillaries, arranged in two rows, anterior row shorter. Neuropodia as sessile pinnules from TC 6 (SG VIII) to pygidium. First thoracic pair of neuropodia (TC 6) with 4–5 sharply bent geniculate chaetae, with acute tips (Fig. 7C), subsequent thoracic neuropodia (from TC 7) with about 8–10 uncini per torus arranged in irregular row, rostrum vs. capitium length ratio RvC =1/0.4, three mid-sized teeth above main fang surmounted by two rows of short denticles and upper crest of several minute denticles (Fig. 7E); about 30–35 pairs of abdominal neuropodia, as erect paddle-shaped pinnules, each with about 15 uncini present at margin; RvC=1/0.9, four teeth above main fang, surmounted by row of 4–5 short teeth and two rows of shorter denticles (Fig. 7F).</p><p>Two pairs of globular nephridial papillae posterior to base of notopodia of SG VI–VII (TC 4–TC 5). Pygidium rounded.</p><p>Methyl Green staining pattern: the first 10 segments stain solid; striped from SG XI to about SG XV; GLR stained with a dark blue anterior margin.</p><p>Etymology. This species is dedicated to Carol Simon, senior taxonomist at Stellenbosch University for her contribution to the knowledge of South African polychaetes and her friendship.</p><p>Habitat. Coastal.</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape,  False Bay .</p><p>Distribution. Known from type locality only.</p><p>Remarks. Before Parapar et al. (2020a), only  Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 and  T. stroemii var. africana (now  T. africana Augener, 1918) had been recorded in Africa. The first one, described from Norway, was known to be a cosmopolitan species, but we now know that this species is restricted to northern Europe (Parapar &amp; Hutchings 2014; Lavesque et al. 2019b; Parapar et al. 2020b). With the description of seven new species, Parapar et al. (2020a) greatly increased the diversity of this genus along the African coasts. However, with the exception of  T. augeneri and  Terebellides sp. 2 from South Africa (Parapar et al. 2020a), all the other species have been described from equatorial region of western Africa.</p><p>Terebellides simonae sp. nov. differs from  T. augeneri by the presence of dorsal rounded projection on the first three chaetigers and a large glandular lateral region, which are both absent for  T. augeneri . The branchial lobes of  T. simonae sp. nov. have filamentous tips while those of  T. augeneri have pointed projections. A fifth branchial lobe is present on  T. simonae sp. nov. and absent on  T. augeneri . Finally,  T. augeneri has no branchial papillae on the lamellae while they are present anteriorly in  T. simonae sp. nov.</p><p>Terebellides simonae sp. nov. differs from  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. (see below) by the presence of dorsal rounded projection on the first three chaetigers and a large glandular lateral region, which are both absent for  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. Terebellides simonae sp. nov. differs also by the fusion of branchial lobes at least on 50 % of their length while these lobes are free for  T. talboti sp. nov. Finally, the branchial lobes of  T. simonae sp. nov. end by filamentous tips while those of  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. end with pointed projections.</p><p>Terebellides simonae sp. nov. differs from  Terebellides sp. 2 by the color pattern of the anterior chaetigers. Indeed, this last species is characterised by the presence of white ventral coloration on the first five chaetigers, which is not the case for  Terebellides simonae sp. nov.</p><p>Among the other West African species of  Terebellides, and with the presence of a glandular lateral region and a fifth branchial lobe,  T. simonae sp. nov. is similar with  T. congolanus Parapar, Martin &amp; Moreira, 2020 and  T. kirkegaardi Parapar, Martin &amp; Moreira, 2020 .  Terebellides simonae n. sp differs from  T. congolanus by the presence of free branchial lobes with filamentous tips, while they are fused on 50 % on their length and have posterior projections for  T. congolanus . Moreover,  T. congolanus has the first thoracic chaetiger and its notochaetae are more developed than the subsequent ones, which is not the case for  T. simonae sp. nov. Terebellides simonae sp. nov. differs from  T. kirkegaardi by the presence of dorsal projections on the first three chaetigers and the presence of papillar projections on margins of branchial lamellae, while these projections and papillae are absent for  T. kirkegaardi . Unlike  T. simonae sp. nov.,  T. kirkegaardi has first thoracic chaetiger and its notochaetae shorter than the subsequent ones.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D63C846AFF3CFD75FEA74687	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
CB2687B3D6398468FF3CFDE5FB4B4633.text	CB2687B3D6398468FF3CFDE5FB4B4633.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terebellides talboti Lavesque & Hutchings 2025	<div><p>Terebellides talboti sp. nov.</p><p>zoobank.org:act: C9FD068A-43E7-450F-B4B4-8EC903359761</p><p>Figures 8 and 9</p><p>Material examined.   Holotype. SAMC-A065087, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.233&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.075" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.233/lat -32.075)">South East Atlantic</a>, South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.233&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.075" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.233/lat -32.075)">Lamberts Bay</a>, 32.075°S, 18.233°E, September 1971, entire  .  Paratypes. Three paratypes from the same collection site as the holotype, SAMC-A097161, two mounted for SEM .</p><p>Description. Large-size species, holotype 51.9 mm long and 4.6 mm wide. Body tapering posteriorly, segments increasingly shorter and more compacted towards pygidium. Preserved specimens whitish.</p><p>Prostomium compact; eyespots absent; large upper lip surrounding mouth; buccal tentacles of two types, uniformly cylindrical and with expanded tips, spatulate (Fig. 8). Lower lip expanded below upper lip (Figs 8C; 9A). SGs I and II only visible ventrally; following segments with lobes as ventral collars, lateral lappets on SG IV–IX (TC 2–7) continuing ventrally; absence of dorsal rounded projections on anterior segments; absence of glandular lateral region on SG V (TC 3) (Figs 8A, C–D; 9A).</p><p>Branchiae arising as a single structure from SG III, reaching SG X, as single elongate and annulated mid-dorsal stalk, with two pairs of lobes, fused for approximately 1/2 of length, lower pair thinner; anterior branchial projection (5 th lobe) present. Dorsal lobes with about 70 separated lamellae; papillar projections on margins and ciliated tufts present; dorsal and ventral lobes terminating with pointed projections (Figs 8; 9A–C).</p><p>Eighteen pairs of thoracic notopodia (SG III–XX), first pair reduced, notochaetae from TC 1 (SG III) about same size as those from subsequent notopodia. All notochaetae simple capillaries, arranged in two rows, anterior row shorter. Neuropodia as sessile pinnules from TC 6 (SG VIII) to pygidium. First thoracic pair of neuropodia (TC 6) with 7–11 sharply bent geniculate chaetae, with acute tips (Fig. 9D), subsequent thoracic neuropodia (from TC 7) with about 15–20 uncini per torus arranged in irregular row, rostrum vs. capitium length ratio RvC =1/0.3, four mid-sized teeth above main fang surmounted by three rows of short denticles and upper crest of several minute denticles (Fig. 9E); about 30–35 pairs of abdominal neuropodia, as erect paddle-shaped pinnules, each with about 25 uncini present at margin; RvC=1/0.9, 5–6 teeth above main fang, surmounted by row of 4–5 short teeth and two rows of shorter denticles (Fig. 9F).</p><p>Two pairs of large nephridial papillae posterior to base of notopodia of SG VI–VII (TC 4–TC 5) (Fig. 8D). Pygidium rounded.</p><p>Methyl Green staining pattern: the first 7–8 segments stain solid; striped from SG VIII–IX to SG XIII–XIV, lateral thin stripe until end of the body; ventral faces of branchial lobes stain dark blue (Fig. 8).</p><p>Etymology. This species is dedicated to Frank Talbot, a renowned marine biologist and former Director of the Australian Museum, the California Academy of Sciences and the Smithsonian Natural History Museum. Frank Talbot, who was Pat Hutchings’ friend, was born in South Africa and received his PhD from the University of Cape Town. He died in 2024, aged 94 years old.</p><p>Habitat. Coastal.</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape,  Lamberts Bay .</p><p>Distribution. Known from type locality only.</p><p>Remarks. Before this study, only two species were reported from this part of Africa:  T. augeneri and  Terebellides sp. 2 (Parapar et al. 2020a).  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. differs from  T. augeneri by the presence of a fifth branchial lobe which is absent for  T. augeneri and by the fusion of branchial lobes at least on 50 % of their length while these lobes are free for  T. augeneri . The two species differ by the presence of branchial papillae on the margins of branchial lamellae for  Terebellides talboti sp. nov., these papillae are absent for  T. augeneri . An undescribed species ( Terebellides sp. 2) has been reported by Parapar et al. (2020a) from Cape Point. Even if this specimen was in poor condition, this species is characterised by the presence of white ventral colouration on the first five chaetigers, which is not the case for  Terebellides talboti sp. nov.</p><p>Terebellides talboti sp. nov. differs from  Terebellides simonae sp. nov. by the absence of dorsal rounded projection on the first three chaetigers and absence of a glandular lateral region, which are both present for  Terebellides simonae sp. nov. Terebellides talboti sp. nov. differs also by the presence of free branchial lobes which are fused for 50% of their length for  Terebellides simonae sp. nov. Finally, the branchial lobes of  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. have pointed projections while those of  T. simonae sp. nov. have filamentous tips.</p><p>Among the other West African species of  Terebellides, and with the absence of a glandular lateral region and the presence of a fifth branchial lobe,  T. talboti sp. nov. is similar to  T. fauveli Parapar, Martin &amp; Moreira, 2020,  T. longisetus Parapar, Martin &amp; Moreira, 2020 and  Terebellides sp. 1 (Parapar et al. 2020a).  Terebellides talboti sp. nov. differs from these three species by the presence of branchial lobes which are fused for 50% of their length instead of free ones for the other species, and by the presence of papillae on the margins of branchial lamellae which are absent for the other three species.  Terebellides fauveli and  T. longisetus have branchial lobes with filamentous tips while  T. talboti sp. nov. ones have pointed projections and finally  Terebellides sp. 1 is characterized by the greater development of its tentacular membrane which is not the case for  T. talboti sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2687B3D6398468FF3CFDE5FB4B4633	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lavesque, Nicolas;Hutchings, Pat	Lavesque, Nicolas, Hutchings, Pat (2025): Exploration of the Iziko South African Museum's collection and description of new species of Spaghetti worms (Annelida, Terebelliformia), part one. Zootaxa 5627 (2): 343-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.6
