identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CE0A18280E5FFE0CFE33F918F9A877ED.text	CE0A18280E5FFE0CFE33F918F9A877ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tanypodinae Skuse 1889	<div><p>Key to subfamilies (only subfamilies recorded in the study are included) 1. Antenna retractile into the head capsule, prementum with well-developed ligula (Fig. 23)........................... Tanypodinae</p> <p>1.— Antenna not retractile, ligula never developed......................................................................... 2</p> <p>2. Ventral part of mentum laterally developed into ventromental plates of different shape, usually striate and never with beard........</p> <p>...................................................................................................... Chironominae</p> <p>2.— Ventromental plates, if developed, never striated and sometimes with beard beneath........................................ 3 3. Procerci obvious, minimum 3× as long as wide, usually much longer (8–10×). Premandibles absent (Figs. 7–9)......... Podonominae</p> <p>3.— Procerci less than 3× as long as wide, usually much less or reduced. Premandibles present.................................... 4</p> <p>4. Prementum with 3 dense brushes of hair-like processes. Usually with distinctive ‘collar’ (occipital margin of the head). Mentum either very wide, with 2 narrow medium teeth and&gt; 8 lateral teeth of similar size (Figs. 5–6), or with 1 very broad median tooth and 5 laterals (Fig. 4). Head dark brown, body ‘fleshy’........................................................... Diamesinae (Heptagyiini)</p> <p>4.— Prementum with lamellae rather than brushes. Mentum usually narrower, with at most 3 median teeth. Body of various coloration......................................................................................................... Orthocladiinae</p> <p>Notes: The only Tanypodinae recorded in the studied streams was Pentaneura sp. (Fig. 23). There was 1 specimen in the Surber samples of the Glacier stream 14, site 3 (farthest from the glacier terminus), and it is apparently very rare in the region.</p> <p>Subfamily Chironominae</p> <p>1. Antennae long, placed on pedestals (Fig. 3).................................................................... Tanytarsini</p> <p>1.— Antenna shorter, growing directly from head (Chironomini, Pseudochironomini)............................................. 2</p> <p>2. Mentum with a single broad median tooth, ventromental plates slender, scarcely separated medially. Anal tubules elongate, manifold exceeding the length of parapods (Fig. 2)......................................................................... Manoa</p> <p>2.— Mentum with paired median teeth, first laterals shorter than median and second lateral teeth, ventromental plates widely separated. Anal tubules shorter than parapods........................................................................ Polypedilum</p> <p>Notes: The only Tanytarsini collected was 1 specimen of Tanytarsus sp. (Fig. 3) in stream 14, site 3. One individual of Manoa sp. (Pseudochironomini) was recorded in Glacier stream 15, site 3. Both taxa are particularly rare.</p> <p>Abbreviations: UTM – Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system; AFDM – ash-free dry mass; CV – coefficient of variation.</p> <p>Subfamily Diamesinae</p> <p>1. Mentum with a very broad middle tooth and 5 lateral teeth, occipital margin moderately developed (in the fourth instar larva) (Fig. 4)............................................................................................................ Limaya</p> <p>1.— Mentum with 2 slightly smaller but non-recessed median teeth and more than 8 pairs of lateral teeth........................... 2</p> <p>2. Occipital margin very strong, dark brown to black, close to 30% of the head (Fig. 5).......................... Paraheptagyia sp. A</p> <p>2.— Occipital margin narrow, dark brown (Fig. 6)........................................................... Paraheptagyia sp. B</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE0A18280E5FFE0CFE33F918F9A877ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hamerlik, Ladislav;Silva, Fabio Laurindo da;Jacobsen, Dean	Hamerlik, Ladislav, Silva, Fabio Laurindo da, Jacobsen, Dean (2018): Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) of Ecuadorian highaltitude streams: a survey and illustrated key. Florida Entomologist 101 (4): 663-675, DOI: 10.1653/024.101.0404, URL: https://bioone.org/journals/florida-entomologist/volume-101/issue-4/024.101.0404/Chironomidae-Insecta--Diptera-of-Ecuadorian-Highaltitude-Streams--A/10.1653/024.101.0404.full
