taxonID	type	description	language	source
D62D4A34321AFF88BB832E62711BB1EC.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Amicactenus pergulanus (Arts, 1912). Designated here. Detailed description in Steyn et al. (2003). Etymology The generic name is a combination of ‘ amicus ’ (friendly) and ‘ Ctenus ’. It refers to the docile behaviour of the species belonging to the genus. The gen- der of the genus is masculine. Diagnosis Amicactenus species can be distinguished from the remaining Ctenidae by the presence of the particular modification of Mt IV on the legs of the male, consisting in a dense field of nodules (figs 32, 38, 57, 62, 63 in Steyn et al., 2003) [character 76 (2)] in combination with an incised MA. Epigyne with a broad anterior part with a lateral flap on either side of a fairly densely setose central part. Description Ecribellate ctenids. Medium to large size, body length (males and females) 9 – 24. Carapace piriform (Figs 7 A, C; S 2 A, S 3 A, S 4 A), dark brown to black with pattern of pale stripes; thoracic groove longitudinal, in the posterior third. Chilum divided. Clypeus with long erect black bristles. Ctenid eyes pattern 2 – 4 – 2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes. Chelicerae dark brown, with long erect hairs; promargin with three teeth, the median higher than the laterals; retromargin with four teeth of equal size; intermarginal denticles present. Endites brown with lighter apical area, external lateral margin excavated, distally bearing dense apical scopulae and subapical serrula. Labium brown, distally rounded bearing dense apical scopula. Sternum medium to dark brown, shield-shaped, not extending between coxae IV. Legs brown. Male legs more elongate and slender than female legs. Mt IV elongate, with dense, ventrolateral field of nodules (Fig. S 3 B, C). Trochanters notched. Abdomen oval (Fig. 7 B, D; S 2 A, S 3 A, S 4 A, B), with dispersed setae forming specific pattern often with pairs of dark spots; ventral coloration pattern species-specific, often dark. Male palp (Figs 8 A, B, 9 A – C; S 2 F, G, S 3 D – F, S 4 C, D): tibia with ventral process on distal margin; RTA bifid, originating at short distance from distal margin; cymbium with elongate tip, without horn at base; subtegulum prolateral; tegulum oval; MA with dorsal concavity, short, widened and rounded at extremity, prolateral margin deeply incised; embolus wide, short, curved apex provided with laminar process; locking lobes present; conductor c-shaped hyaline. Epigyne (Figs 8 C, 10 A – D; S 2 B, C, S 3 G, H, S 4 E): divided in MS and two lateral sectors LS; MS with broad frontal part with two lateral flaps, centrally constricted, posterior part widened; LS with sharp, curved LP; vulva (Figs 10 E, F; S 2 D, E, S 4 F, G) with spermathecae oval, sometimes slightly constricted. Composition Four species: A. eminens (Fig. S 2 A – G), A. pergulanus (Arts, 1912) (Fig. S 4 A – G), A. fallax (Steyn & Van der Donck, 2003) (Fig. S 3 A – H), A. mysticus sp. nov. Distribution Rainforest of Central and West Africa.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343207FF8FB9472C907111B409.taxon	description	(FIGS 7 A – D, 8 A – C, 9 A – C, 10 A – F) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 1 EF 5 C 54 - 53 BD- 4 D 42 - A 39 A- 217 B 000 D 4 AB 1 Type material Holotype, male: GUINEA, Mt. Nimba, Foret de Seringbara, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 601 m asl, 8. X. 2008, in secondary forest, hand collecting on lower vegetation and dead tree trunks, Van den Spiegel D. (DNA-N 06, MRAC 238226). Paratypes: GUINEA: 2 ♂: on abandoned termite mound, further data as holotype (DNA-N 59, MRAC 240402); 1 ♂: 6. X. 2008, further data as holotype (MRAC 225788); 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, Foret de Seringbara, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 23. II. 2012, secondary forest, hand collecting, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 08, MRAC 238919). Other material	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343207FF8FB9472C907111B409.taxon	materials_examined	LIBERIA: 1 ♀: Bong Range Forest, 6 ° 49 0 N, 10 ° 17 0 W, 170 m asl, 15. II. 2006, pitfalls in rainforest, Flomo D. (MRAC 243295); 1 ♀: 8. VII. 2005, in rainforest, night catch, further data as previous (MRAC 243294); 1 ♂: as previous, 8. VIII. 2005 (MRAC 240404); 1 ♂: as previous, I. 2006, pitfalls in rainforest (MRAC 219412); 1 ♂: as previous (MRAC 240403). Etymology The position of the species was somewhat mysterious until its assumed position in Amicactenus was corroborated by both morphological and molecular analyses, hence its name ‘ mysticus ’. Diagnosis Males of Amicactenus mysticus are recognized by the shape of the RTA (Figs 8 A, 9 C) with a tiny tooth along the base of the ventral rim and by the deeply incised MA (Figs 8 B, 9 A); epigyne (Figs 8 C, 10 A – F) with large copulatory openings visible in the anterior part on either side of the MS. Description Male (holotype). Total length 20.6. Carapace 10.6 long and 8.5 wide. Clypeus 0.56 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.56, ALE 0.33, PME 0.56, PLE 0.49. Coloration (Fig. 7 A, B): carapace reddish brown with network of fine dark lines; chelicerae and sternum dark brown; legs uniform medium brown with longitudinal darker stripes; abdomen: dorsum dark grey with numerous long, dark, erect setae; in front with broad, short, lancet-shaped pale spot; venter dark grey with two rows of small apodemes. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: I: femur 13.5 / patella 5.5 / tibia 10.2 / metatarsus 13.8 / tarsus 5.0 / total 48.0; II: 12.1 / 5.2 / 9.9 / 11.8 / 4.8 / 43.8; III: 10.9 / 4.1 / 9.2 / 10.9 / 4.8 / 39.9; IV: 13.5 / 4.5 / 12.3 / 15.6 / 5.0 / 50.9. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1, III 8 dispersed dw 6, IV 8 dispersed dw 4; Mt IV slightly modified: narrow, elongate, slightly flattened ventrally in the middle, without field of nodules. Palp (Figs 8 A, B, 9 A – C): tibia curved outward, ventral projection on distal margin present, with three long spines; RTA near distal margin, conical, with small but conspicuous tooth on inferior margin cymbium slender, curved inward, densely hairy in distal half, with blunt, retrolateral proximal projection; MA deeply incised prolaterally; embolus with fairly broad base and sharp tip; conductor membranous, c-shaped. Female paratype (DNA-N 08, MRAC 238919). Total length 21.7. Carapace 9.7 long and 8.4 wide. Clypeus 0.59 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.53, ALE 0.36, PME 0.62, PLE 0.59. Coloration (Fig. 7 C, D): carapace uniform chestnut brown with faint pattern of darker stripes; chelicerae dark brown; sternum and legs uniform medium brown; abdomen: dorsum dark with broad median paler bar in anterior half; venter dark grey with two rows of small apodemes; paler in front of epigastric fold. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal tooth distal from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: 9.8 / patella 4.7 / tibia 9.7 / metatarsus 9.1 / tarsus 2.6 / total 35.9; II: 9.7 / 4.4 / 8.5 / 8.8 / 2.6 / 34.0; III: 8.2 / 3.3 / 6.2 / 7.5 / 2.4 / 27.6; IV: 9.9 / 3.8 / 8.5 / 12.2 / 3.3 / 37.7. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1, IV 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1; patella none; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Epigyne (Figs 8 C, 10 A – D): MS with clearly sclerotized rims; large copulatory opening in anterior half on either side of MS; posterior plate bulging, almost as large as MS, with setae; LP lost in this specimen (Fig. 10 C, D); flattened, roughly triangular with blunt tip in Pt (Figs 8 C, 10 A, B). Vulva (Fig. 10 E, F) with large, oval spermathecae. Remarks Almost all females in our collections have the epigynes marked by what is apparently the result of copulation: one or both of the processes of the LS are missing, and the MS is damaged and ‘ eroded’ along the sides; along these areas the MS is bordered by dark sclerotization which can only be explained as an effect of the healing process. In one female (Figs 8 C, 10 A), one of the copulatory openings is blocked by a structure that is apparently an MA of the male palp. This is the first instance in spiders in which an MA is used as an epigynal plug. In combination with the broken LP, the presence of a plug might represent an efficient postcopulatory barrier. J ager € & Minn (2015: fig. 40) also reported a peculiar case of plugging in Ctenus natmataung J € ager & Minn, 2015, in which the male uses a breakable tip of its RTA to block the entry of the epigyne. Distribution Known from Seringbara Forest on Mt. Nimba, Guinea and Bong Range Forest in Liberia.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343200FF8FB96629FD77A3B6EA.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Macroctenus kingsleyi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898). Designated here. Detailed description in Steyn et al. (2003). See also Figures S 6 A – H. Etymology The generic name is a combination of ‘ Macro’ (large) and ‘ Ctenus ’. Representatives of this genus are among the largest Araneomorphae. The gender of the genus is masculine. Diagnosis Macroctenus species can be distinguished from the remaining Ctenidae by the male palp with the short subdistal RTA and the MA rounded or elongate; the MS of the epigyne is wider or as wide as long and has three sections, the LS have a short LP, and the spermathecae are small and oval. Description Ecribellate ctenids. Very large, body length (males and females) 20 – 34. Carapace piriform (Figs 11 A, C, 16 A – D, 17 A, B; S 6 A, S 7 A), dark background with contrasting pale pattern; covered with short setae; thoracic groove longitudinal, located in the posterior third of the carapace. Chilum divided. Clypeus with long erect black bristles. Ctenid eyes pattern 2 – 4 – 2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes. Chelicerae dark brown, with long erect hairs, with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Endites brown with lighter apical area, external lateral margin excavated, distally bearing dense apical scopulae and subapical serrula. Labium brown, distally rounded bearing dense apical scopula. Sternum medium to dark brown, shield-shaped, not extending between coxae IV. Legs brown. Male legs more elongate and slender than female legs; with dense scopulae on t, Mt and T. Trochanters notched. Abdomen oval (Figs 16 A, B, 17 A, B; S 6 A, S 7 A), with dispersed short setae. Male palp (Figs 12 A, B, 13 A, B, 18 A, B, 19 A – D, 21 A, B, 22 A – E; S 6 F – H): tibia with dorsal and ventral processes on distal margin; RTA short, subdistal, rarely surpassing distal margin of tibia; cymbium with elongate tip, without horns or swellings; subtegulum prolateral; tegulum oval; MA with dorsal concavity, narrow at base, oval or subcircular; embolus with wide, short and curved apex; locking lobes present; conductor short, hyaline, c-shaped. Epigyne (Figs 12 C, 14 A, B, 18 C, 20 A, D, G, 21 C, 23 C; S 6 B, E, S 7 B, C, D, G): divided into MS and two LS; MS composed of three parts: frontal oval densely hairy, central wide with sclerotized margins, short posterior densely hairy, constriction between the latter two shows short straight LP. Vulva (Figs 14 C, D, 18 D, 20 B, C, E, F, H, I, 23 D, E; S 6 C, D, S 7 E, F, H, I) with small, oval spermathecae. Composition Five species: Macroctenus herbicola sp. nov., M. kingsleyi (Fig. S 6 A – H), M. nimba sp. nov., M. occidentalis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898) comb. nov. (Fig. S 7 A – I), M. vandenspiegeli sp. nov. Distribution Rainforest of Central and West Africa.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343200FF83BBCC2B9877BFB6EF.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype, male: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, campsite SMFG, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 24 0 W, 587 m asl, 12. III. 2012, hand collecting on the ground at night, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 29, MRAC 238945). Paratype: 1 ♀ 1 ♀: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Kpeleyi Savannah, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 27 0 W, 572 m asl, 21. II. 2012, savannah, hand collecting on the ground, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 10, MRAC 238914). Other material GUINEA: 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, Mine camp of Gbakore, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 23 0 W, 700 m asl, 27. IX. 2008, transition forested valley and montane grassland, Kpoghomou E. (MRAC 225535). Etymology Lives among grasses hence its name ‘ herbicola’; grassland-inhabiting Ctenidae are rare. Diagnosis Males of Macroctenus herbicola are recognized by the palp (Figs 12 A, B, 13 A, B), with a short, conical RTA pointing outward, a fairly long MA and an embolus with a slightly widened tip; the female is characterized by the epigyne (Figs 12 C, 14 A, B), with a broad MS with concave frontal and incised lateral margins, preceded by a hairy, sclerotized, inverted triangle. Description Male (holotype). Total length 13.2. Carapace 6.8 long and 5.0 wide. Clypeus 0.23 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.33, ALE 0.26, PME 0.46, PLE 0.33. Coloration (Fig. 11 A, B): carapace pale brown with yellow central band from PME to posterior margin and sublateral bands, interrupted by faint darker brown radiating striae; with short greyish and blackish pilosity; chelicerae and mouthparts dark brown; legs uniform pale brown, with femora darker and faintly banded; abdomen: dorsum dark grey with pale narrow median bar in frontal half; four apodemes; sides dark grey with many lines of pale anastomosing blotches; venter dark grey four rows of white blotches. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: I: femur 7.4 / patella 3.1 / tibia 7.1 / metatarsus 7.4 / tarsus 2.8 / total 27.8; II: 6.1 / 2.3 / 6.2 / 6.7 / 2.6 / 23.9; III: 6.2 / 2.4 / 5.2 / 5.1 / 2.3 / 21.2; IV: 7.9 / 2.7 / 6.5 / 9.1 / 2.8 / 29.0. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified, with long overlapping spines. Palp (Figs 12 A, B, 13 A, B): tibia long and slender, with three spines, small ventral projection on distal margin; RTA dorsolateral, short, conical, with sharp tip, pointing outward; cymbium with dense hair cover in distal part; with retrolateral concavity delimited by small dorsal and ventral swellings. MA cup-shaped; twice as long as wide. Embolus with broad base; flat distal part slightly widened at tip. Female paratype (DNA-N 10, MRAC 238914). Total length 26.3. Carapace 11.4 long and 7.7 wide. Clypeus 0.49 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.43, ALE 0.39, PME 0.66, PLE 0.56. Coloration (Figs 11 C, D): very similar to male but lacks blackish pilosity on carapace; legs uniform medium brown; abdomen: dorsum pale greyish brown with pale brown bar in anterior half and numerous faint darker spots; some dark setae on front; venter cream with nine longitudinal grey bands; two rows of small apodemes. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: 9.9 / patella 5.0 / tibia 9.1 / metatarsus 8.5 / tarsus 3.3 / total 35.8; II: 9.2 / 4.7 / 8.1 / 7.8 / 2.6 / 32.4; III: 7.9 / 4.0 / 6.5 / 6.1 / 1.8 / 26.3; IV: 10.2 / 3.8 / 8.7 / 10.9 / 2.8 / 36.4. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 pl 1 rl 1, II v 2 - 2 pl 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Epigyne (Figs 12 C, 14 A, B): MS broad with concave frontal margin; posterior and lateral margins convex, the latter with incisions accommodating LP; anterior part a densely hairy triangle. Vulva (Fig. 14 C, D) with short, straight copulatory ducts; spermathecae ovoid; fertilization ducts transverse, procurved. Distribution Only known from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34320CFFBBBBE82B9B7116B305.taxon	description	(FIGS 15 A – F, 16 A – F, 17 A – D, 18 A – D, 19 A – D, 20 A – I) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CB 2853 EA- 2540 - 477 B-B 6 B 6 - 9736 FEFA 6196 Type material Holotype, female: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Chateau ^, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 23 0 W, 778 m asl, 11. X. 11, hand collecting with headlamp inside dry adit, on walls and beams, at 5 – 20 m depth, Van den Spiegel D. & Henrard A. (DNA-N 43, MRAC 238119). Paratypes: GUINEA, Mt. Nimba: 1 ♂: Geology Base K 1, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1479 m asl, 28. I. 2012, humid adit, with bats, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 01, MRAC 237842); 1 ♀: Geology Base K 2, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1479 m asl, 28. I. 2012, humid adit, with bats, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA- N 02, MRAC 238211); 1 ♂: Zougue Cave, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 23 0 W, 968 m asl, 27. I. 2012, with bats, on wall of lower humid cave, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238212); 1 ♂: Zougue Cave, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 23 0 W, 968 m asl, 27. I. 2012, hand collecting, upper cave, near Zougue river, Adrian Hudson (MRAC 238215); 1 ♀: Geology Base, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1560 m asl, 9. III. 2012, hand collecting, in a natural cavity among rocks in altitude meadows, near adit T 4, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238907); 1 ♂ 1 ♀: Geology Base K 3, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1560 m asl, 01. II. 2012, hand collecting, on wall of humid cave, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A. & Allard C. & Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238912); 1 ♀: Geology Base K 3, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1492 m asl, 09. III. 2012, hand collecting, adits K 3 (10 – 50 m), Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A. & Allard C. & Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238915); 1 ♀ with cocoon: Bassin 3, 7 ° 40 0 1.128 ″ N, 8 ° 22 0 59.112 ″ W, 1489 m asl, 8. III. 2012, hand collecting, in rock anfractuosity, near the road, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A. & Allard C. & Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238926); 1 ♀: Base geology K 1, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1479 m asl, 09. III. 2012, hand collecting, on rock face near the ground, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A. & Allard C. & Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238935); 1 ♀: Pierre Richaud, 5 – 20 m deep inside the adit, on walls, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1502 m asl, 10. X. 2011, headlamp collecting, Van den Spiegel D. & Henrard A. (DNA-N 44, MRAC 238098). Other material	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34320CFFBBBBE82B9B7116B305.taxon	materials_examined	GUINEA: 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, Zougue River, campsite SMFG near ‘ Charly 1 ’, on a rock near the river, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 24 0 W, 770 m asl, 06. II. 2012, night collecting, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 13, MRAC 238918). Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality. Diagnosis Macroctenus nimba sp. nov. specimens differ from those of M. kingsleyi and M. vandenspiegeli sp. nov. by the presence of four pairs of dark spots each with a tiny white patch on the abdomen dorsum (Figs 16 A, B, F, 17 A, b); epigyne (Figs 18 C, 20 A, D, G) with a shorter MS, much smaller spermathecae (Figs 18 D, 20 B, C, E, F, H, I), their diameter apart whereas they are only half their diameter apart in M. kingsleyi (Fig. S 6 B, E). Females of M. occidentalis have black abdominal spots (Fig. S 7 A) but the lateral parts of the MS are protruding forward (Fig. S 7 B, C, D, G). Males are recognized by the less dense ventral pilosity of the palp, the shape of the MA (Figs 18 A, 19 C, D) which is elongate and of the RTA (Fig. 19 B) which is short, does not reach the anterior margin of the tibia and is slightly indented at the tip. Description Female (holotype). Total length 25.8. Carapace 12.8 long and 9.2 wide. Clypeus 0.46 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.85, ALE 0.49, PME 0.89, PLE 0.59. Coloration (in ethanol): carapace pale brown with pattern of short dark hairs: two slightly sinuous lines behind PLE, radiating striae from fovea, posterior one forming a pale cross with longitudinal pale median band. Chelicerae medium brown; mouthparts pale brown; sternum yellowish brown; legs pale brown with dense dark pilosity on Fe and T. Abdomen dorsum dark grey with faint paler median band in frontal half, followed by four pairs of dark spots; sides dark with numerous longitudinal pale lines; venter dark grey with two oblique pale lines and two rows of pale spots between them. Living specimens (Fig. 16 A – C, E, F) with much more contrasted coloration pattern. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements: I: femur 13.3 patella 5.7 / tibia 13.3 / metatarsus 13.6 / tarsus 4.7 / total 50.8; II: 12.9 / 5.2 / 12.1 / 12.1 / 4.0 / 46.3; III: 11.4 / 5.5 / 9.2 / 10.2 / 3.7 / 40.0; IV: 14.3 / 4.1 / 12.5 / 15.6 / 4.3 / 52.7. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV not modified. Epigyne (Figs 18 C, 20 A, D, G) with broad MS with smoothly rounded lateral margin; LS with short and sharp LP. Vulva (Figs 18 D, 20 B, C, E, F, H, I) with copulatory ducts short; spermathecae small, ovoid, as far as largest diameter apart; fertilization ducts curved, directed posteriorly. Male (paratype, MRAC 238215). Total length 22.6. Carapace 11.9 long and 8.9 wide. Clypeus 0.59 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.45, ALE 0.39, PME 0.69, PLE 0.59. Coloration (in ethanol): carapace reddish brown with dark pattern behind eyes and on radiating striae; pale stripes less pronounced than in female. Living specimens (Figs 16 D, 17 A, B). Chelicerae dark brown; mouthparts and sternum medium brown; legs medium brown; abdomen dorsum dark brown with four pairs of dark spots; sides and venter grey. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 rl 1, II v 2 - 2 - 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Palp (Figs 18 A, B, 19 A – D, 21 A, B): tibia densely hairy, with three long spines, ventral and retrolateral process on distal margin; RTA short, not reaching distal margin of tibia, tip not sharp but slightly indented and with tiny projection in ventrolateral view; cymbium with shallow prolateral concavity delimited by dorsal and ventral basal swellings; MA fairly long, with almost parallel margins, slightly curved, distally with slight prolateral indentation; embolus flat, curved; conductor membranous, c-shaped. Natural history Macroctenus nimba was first discovered in handmade adits located above 1000 m asl (Fig. 15 D – F). Then it was also found in natural caves or small rock cavities, always at high altitude (Fig. 15 A – C). Two females were observed suspended from their cocoon which was fixed to the roof of an adit (Fig. 16 C is actually inverted). When disturbed, the female vigorously protected the cocoon by grabbing it between the fangs. One cocoon was transferred to the lab where it hatched. The juveniles went through a dozen moults before maturity. They were fed with small flies during the early stages, then with crickets or cockroaches. During prey capture, the spider turned toward the cricket standing on six legs with the first pair raised straight above the substrate. When the prey was close enough, the spider darted at it, using the first legs to draw the prey towards the chelicerae. In cases where the immobilized prey was as large as the ctenid or larger, it was fixed on a vertical surface with silk (Figs 16 E, F) before it was eaten, the spider facing down. This behaviour was also observed in mine adits where the prey was fixed to the rock wall (Fig. 16 E) and with other ctenids in the forest where the prey was fixed with silk on a large suspended leaf. A very similar behaviour was also observed for Phoneutria boliviensis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) by Hazzi (2014). One to two days after the last moult of the males, two small sheet-webs were invariably found in their cages (Fig. 17 C, D). These sheet-webs are assumed to be sperm-webs, apparently one for each palp. Unfortunately, all attempted matings were unsuccessful. Distribution Only know from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343234FFB9B8852EE677AFB712.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype, male: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Cavally river, 07 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 587 m asl, 23. II. 2012, hand collecting at night, in cave, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 16, MRAC 238909). Paraype: 1 ♀: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Seringbara, Kpeleyi Forest, 07 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 601 m asl, 21. II. 2012, hand collecting, in cave, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 11, MRAC 238908). Etymology The species name is a patronym in honour of Didier Van den Spiegel who headed the Mt. Nimba expeditions and collected many specimens of Ctenidae during the 2008, 2010 and 2011 field work. Diagnosis The male of Macroctenus vandenspiegeli sp. nov. shares the long ventral pilosity of the palp (Figs 21 A, B, 22 A – E) with M. kingsleyi, but in the latter the RTA is sharper and has a double tooth at the inferior tip (Fig. S 6 F, G), its MA is narrower in the middle than at the base (Fig. S 6 H), whereas it is wider in the middle than at the base in M. vandenspiegeli; the female is characterized by the epigyne (Figs 21 C, 23 C) with a subcircular MS and the almost straight bluntly tipped LP. In M. kingsleyi, the MS is wider than long (Fig. S 6 B, E), whereas it is as wide as long and almost perfectly circular in M. vandenspiegeli. Description Male (holotype). Total length 30.4. Carapace 15.9 long and 12.1 wide. Clypeus 0.72 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.69, ALE 0.30, PME 0.75, PLE 0.66. Coloration in ethanol (Fig. 23 A, B): carapace dark reddish brown, darker in eye region and on radiating striae, with dense golden pilosity; chelicerae black, mouthparts dark brown, sternum medium brown; legs: Fe, P and T uniform reddish brown, Mt and t black; abdomen dorsum pale to reddish brown with faint pale median stripe in anterior half; sides and venter medium brown, venter with two rows of small reddish apodemes. Carapace broad; eyes fairly small, clypeus relatively high. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements (second pair of legs missing): I: femur 17.9 / patella 7.2 / tibia 17.5 / metatarsus 16.0 / tarsus 5.7 / total 64.3; III: 14.2 / 6.1 / 11.8 / 13.9 / 4.1 / 50.0; IV: 19.2 / 6.1 / 16.0 / 21.4 / 4.7 / 67.4. Leg formula 41 (2?) 3. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV not modified. Palp (Figs 21 A, B, 22 A – E): tibia fairly short, ventrally with dense, long pale hair cover, with three spines; RTA dorsolateral, short, conical, with blunt tip pointing outward and small triangular ventral projection; cymbium with dense hair cover in distal part; with retrolateral concavity delimited by small dorsal and ventral swellings. MA ampullate; twice as long as wide. Embolus with broad base; flat distal part slightly widened at tip. Female (paratype, DNA-N 11, MRAC 238908). Total length 33.9. Carapace 16.3 long and 13.5 wide. Clypeus 1.25 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.69, ALE 0.46, PME 0.75, PLE 0.69. Coloration in ethanol: very similar to male. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, proximal tooth distant from the remaining three, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles present. Leg measurements (first legs missing): II: femur 14.2 / patella 7.8 / tibia 14.5 / metatarsus 14.8 / tarsus 3.7 / total 55.0; III: 12.6 / 6.4 / 11.4 / 13.2 / 3.8 / 47.4; IV: 16.8 / 6.1 / 13.8 / 18.2 / 5.5 / 60.4. Leg formula 4 (1?) 23. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 pl 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV not modified. Epigyne (Figs 21 C, 23 C): MS with central plate almost perfectly round, slightly wider than long; narrow connections with rectangular anterior part and broad posterior transverse band. LS with bulky, straight and blunt LP. Vulva (Fig. 23 D, E) with large spermathecae close together, with two conspicuous atria. Distribution Only know from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343231FFBCB90A28397137B4D6.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Nimbanahita montivaga sp. nov. Etymology The generic name is a combination of ‘ Nimba’ and ‘ Anahita ’ referring to the type locality of the type species. Diagnosis The diagnostic characters of the monospecific genus Nimbanahita are mentioned under the diagnosis of the type species. The gender of the genus is feminine. Affinities Nimbanahita shares some characters with Thoriosa: the eye position with AME small and close together, the endites with straight or convex retrolateral margins; the male palps share the short cymbium; females have a similar epigyne in which the LP and LS are only visible as short hooks behind the MS which is wider than long and folded [character 45 (1)]. It appears to be much more closely related to Anahita, which is reflected in both the morphological and the molecular analysis. It shares with Anahita a large MA with groove that accomodates the thin, long curved embolus and the LP of the epigyne behind the MS. Nimbanahita can be distinguished from Anahita by the absence of converging hairs between PME, the absence of a small retroapical spine on the palpal tibia and the presence of an RTA. Description Ecribellate ctenids. Medium size, body length (males and females) 7 – 10.5. Carapace (Fig. 24 A – D) piriform, highest point at level of coxae IV, brownish with paler central and lateral bands; dispersed dark setae and pale setae along anterior margins; thoracic groove longitudinal, located in the posterior third of the carapace. Chilum divided. Clypeus with few erect black bristles. Ctenid eye pattern 2 – 4 – 2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes. Chelicerae yellowish brown, with few hairs; promargin with three teeth, the median higher than the laterals; retromargin with four teeth, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles absent. Endites brown with lighter apical area, external lateral margin almost straight, distally bearing dense apical scopulae and subapical serrula. Labium brown, distally rounded, distal margin with row of bristles. Sternum medium to pale brown, shield-shaped, not extending between coxae IV. Legs brown; scopulae poorly developed, restricted to tarsi; numerous erect spines (at least in alcohol); male legs slightly more elongate and slen- der than female legs. Trochanters notched. Abdomen oval (Fig. 24 A – D), with dispersed short setae. Male palp (Figs 25 A, B, 26 A, B): patella slightly swollen, as long as tibia; tibia short with distal crown of setae and small RTA, originating near distal margin; cymbium short, blunt, base with ventral hairy swelling; subtegulum prolateral; tegulum oval; MA with notch and median projection; embolus slender, cylindrical; locking lobes present; conductor short, straight with rounded distal margin, hyaline. Epigyne (Figs 25 C, 27 A, B): broad MS, folded; LS situated far backward, behind MS, with LP only visible as short, blunt projections. Vulva (Fig. 27 C, D) with spermathecae far apart, almost perfectly globular. Composition Monospecific: Nimbanahita montivaga sp. nov. Distribution Only known from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A343233FFB2B94829B0764CB60F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype, male: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, near Geology base, mare d’Hivernage, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1614 m asl, 15. II. 2012, pitfall, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 69, MRAC 239024). Paratypes: 1 ♀: together with holotype (MRAC 239024); 2 ♂: further data as holotype (MRAC 239741); 1 ♀: Guinea, Mt. Nimba, Geology Base Kaiser 2, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 22 0 W, 1465 m asl, 13. II. 2012, pitfall, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 68, MRAC 239239); Etymology The species name is an adjective referring to the mid-altitude habitat of the species. Diagnosis Males of Nimbanahita montivaga are recognized by the peculiar palp (Figs 25 A, B, 26 A, B) with short tibia and very short RTA, complex, large MA and long, curved, cylindrical embolus. The female is recognized by the wide epigyne (Figs 25 C, 27 A – D) with a pointed posterior margin and the widely separated, globular spermathecae. Description Male (holotype). Total length 10.3. Carapace 5.8 long and 4.5 wide. Clypeus 0.13 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.13, ALE 0.13, PME 0.33, PLE 0.33. Coloration: (Fig. 24 A, B) carapace brownish yellow with broad paler median and lateral bands; with dark radiating striae in between bands; legs yellow, metatarsi dark brown, tarsi pale brown; chelicerae yellow; endites, labium and sternum pale yellow; abdomen dorsum dark grey with triangular orange patch in front; black and white setae in front and along grey sides, mottled with black; venter pale grey with dark crescent-shaped markings. No apodemes. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median slightly larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 3.9 / patella 1.6 / tibia 2.6 / metatarsus 2.8 / tarsus 1.1 / total 12.0; II: 3.9 / 1.4 / 2.5 / 2.6 / 1.0 / 11.4; III: 2.7 / 1.3 / 2.1 / 2.3 / 1.1 / 9.5; IV: 3.4 / 1.5 / 2.8 / 4.0 / 1.3 / 13.0. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 21; patella I rl 1, II rl 1, III rl 1 - 2, IV rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Palp (Figs 25 A, B, 26 A, B): patella as long as tibia, slightly swollen; tibia short with small rectangular RTA at about 1 / 4 from distal margin, with long setae retrolaterally; one median, prolateral macroseta; cymbium with small setose basal swelling; embolus thin, cylindrical, slightly curved; MA large, complex; almost as long as 2 / 3 of bulbus, strongly hooked at distal end. Without distal membrane. Female (paratype, together with holotype). Total length 7.3. Carapace 5.8 long and 4.5 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.20, ALE 0.16, PME 0.33, PLE 0.36. Coloration (Fig. 24 C, D) as in male but chelicerae reddish brown; legs: femora yellow with two dark rings, patellae and tibiae pale brown with one and two dark rings, respectively; Mt and t brown. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 3.05 / patella 1.63 / tibia 2.84 / metatarsus 2.41 / tarsus 0.92 / total 10.85; II: 2.84 / 1.07 / 2.34 / 2.41 / 0.92 / 9.58; III: 2.63 / 1.35 / 1.99 / 2.27 / 0.92 / 9.16; IV: 3.62 / 1.42 / 2.70 / 3.34 / 1.14 / 12.22. Leg formula 4123 Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1, IV rl 1 pl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Epigyne (Figs 25 C, 27 A, B): MS wider than long, posterior margin with pointed median protrusion, anterior central part membranous; LP situated behind posterior margin of MS, almost straight, converging, with blunt tip. Vulva (Figs 27 C, D) with copulatory ducts very short; spermathecae almost perfectly globular, separated by 1.5 times their diameter. Distribution Only known from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323DFFB0BBAA2BF87126B714.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Perictenus molecula sp. nov. Etymology The generic name is a combination of ‘ peri ’ (around) and ‘ Ctenus ’ referring to the phylogenetic place of the genus in relation to Ctenus. The gender of the genus is masculine. Diagnosis The diagnostic characters of this monospecific genus Perictenus are mentioned under the species diagnosis. Description Ecribellate ctenids. Medium size, body length (males and females) 11 – 13. Carapace piriform (Fig. 28 A, B), brownish with paler central part and pattern of fine dark stripes; dispersed dark setae and pale setae along anterior margins; thoracic groove longitudinal, located in the posterior third of the carapace. Chilum divided. Clypeus with few erect black bristles. Ctenid eyes pattern 2 – 4 – 2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes. Chelicerae dark brown, with long erect hairs; promargin with three teeth, the median higher than the laterals; retromargin with four teeth, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles absent. Endites brown with lighter apical area, external lateral margin excavated, distally bearing dense apical scopulae and subapical serrula. Labium brown, distally rounded bearing dense apical scopula. Sternum medium to dark brown, shield-shaped, not extending between coxae IV. Legs brown. Male legs slightly more elongate and slender than female legs. Trochanters notched. Abdomen oval (Fig. 28 A, B), with dispersed short setae. Male palp (Figs 29 A, B, 30 A – C): tibia short, with ventral projection and basal depression; RTA originating near posterior margin; cymbium short, blunt, with large dorsolateral horn at base, with ventral depression; subtegulum prolateral; tegulum oval; MA with dorsal concavity, massive, almost rounded; embolus wide, short, curved apex, with laminar process and pars pendula, with small, blunt, median projection pointing upward; locking lobes present; conductor short, curved, hyaline. Epigyne (Figs 29 C, 31 A – D): divided in MS and two LS; MS constricted in front and with very short subrectangular posterior part, central part wide, covering LS except for distal part of strongly curved, sharp hooks; spermathecae oval, converging towards the front (Fig. 31 C, D). Composition Monospecific: Perictenus molecula sp. nov. Distribution Only know from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323FFFB4BBE32B4077BFB600.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype, male: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Cavally river, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 587 m asl, 23. II. 2012, hand collecting at night, near the river, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA- N 37, MRAC 238944). Paratypes: GUINEA: 2 ♀: Mt. Nimba, near campsite SMFG, near City 2, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 24 0 W, 552 m asl, 08. III. 2012, hand collecting at night in natural cave, on the ground near the rock, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 25, MRAC 238953); 1 ♂: Mt. Nimba, Fouenyi Forest, 7 ° 37 0 N, 8 ° 28 0 W, 601 m asl, 1. III. 2012, sieving litter, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238755); 1 ♂: Mt. Nimba, Seringbara, Isro Forest, 7 ° 38 0 N, 8 ° 27 0 W, 593 m asl, 24. II. 2012, sieving, soil litter, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238906); 1 ♂: Mt. Nimba, Nounouyi Savannah, near Nounouyi River, 7 ° 41 0 N, 8 ° 26 0 W, 568 m asl, 20. II. 2012, hand collecting, near the river, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238942); 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, Heyetouna Forest, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 19 0 W, 687 m asl, 18. III. 2012, sieving, soil litter, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238952); 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, near campsite SMFG, near City 2, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 24 0 W, 552 m asl, 3. II. 2012, hand collecting in front of natural cave at night, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238954); 1 ♂: Mt. Nimba, Gba valley, 7 ° 41 0 N, 8 ° 24 0 W, 630 m asl, 31. I. 2012, primary forest, hand collecting, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 241325). Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition referring to the fact that males and females were matched because of molecular data. Diagnosis Males of Perictenus molecula are recognized by the palp (Figs 29 A, B, 30 A – C) with a basal retrolateral extension of the cymbium, the very short, blunt RTA originating near the base of the tibia, the embolus with a small dorsal appendage, and the almost rounded MA. The female is recognized by the broad oval epigyne (Figs 29 C, 31 A – D), conspicuously constricted in front, with large, ampullate spermathecae close together. Description Male (holotype). Total length 11.7. Carapace 6.2 long and 5.2 wide. Clypeus 0.30 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.23, ALE 0.22, PME 0.26, PLE 0.34. Coloration (Fig. 28 A): carapace medium brown with slightly paler diamond-shaped area, faintly delimited by dark stripes, just behind eyes; with fairly thick cover of silvery setae near PME and on sides. Chelicerae dark brown, with paler brown stripes near base; sternum reddish brown, slightly darker along margin, with dark setae. Abdomen: dorsum black with reddish brown central band in anterior half, flanked by two shorter lateral bands, followed by three faint reddish brown chevrons; four reddish apodemes; sides cream with numerous short dark stripes; venter dark grey with four rows of apodemes each surrounded by small cream spot. Spinnerets yellow. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median slightly larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 5.5 / patella 2.6 / tibia 4.8 / metatarsus 5.0 / tarsus 2.1 / total 20.0; II: 5.1 / 2.4 / 4.3 / 4.6 / 1.8 / 18.2; III: 4.5 / 2.1 / 3.5 / 4.2 / 1.4 / 15.7; IV: 5.7 / 2.1 / 4.8 / 4.5 / 2.6 / 19.7. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 1 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 2 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 2 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified; scopulae on t and Mt I and II on t III and IV. Palp (Figs 29 A, B, 30 A – C): tibia with one large dorsal and one large ventral seta; RTA short, blunt, originating near posterior margin; distal margin of tibia with retrolateral incision and large, rounded, ventral projection fitting basal concavity of cymbium; cymbium short, curved, with large conical extension near base, pointing laterad; distal tegular membrane triangular; embolus flat, curved, with small retrolateral blunt appendage pointing dorsally. MA subcircular with posterior margin slightly concave, distal margin with dorsal lip. Female (paratype, together with holotype). Total length 13.1. Carapace 6.5 long and 5.3 wide. Clypeus 0.36 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.23, PME 0.30, PLE 0.34. Coloration (Fig. 28 B) as in male but pattern less well pronounced, particularly on abdomen: dorsal pattern faint without chevrons, venter grey with poorly delimited spots; chelicerae uniform dark brown; legs: uniform pale brown at base to dark brown at extremity. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 4.5 / patella 2.5 / tibia 3.8 / metatarsus 3.7 / tarsus 1.4 / total 15.9; II: 4.4 / 2.3 / 3.3 / 2.3 / 1.21 / 14.6; III: 3.9 / 2.0 / 2.8 / 2.9 / 1.1 / 12.5; IV: 5.0 / 2.1 / 4.1 / 5.3 / 1.8 / 18.3. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 1 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified; scopulae on t, Mt and distal half of T I, on Mt and t II and on t III and IV. Epigyne (Figs 29 C, 31 A, B) with broad plate, conspicuously constricted in front, with rounded sides; with pale yellow centre and broad dark sides; LP situated behind posterior margin of MS, strongly curved inwards, with sharp tip. Vulva (Fig. 31 C, D) with copulatory ducts very short; spermathecae large, ampullate, oblique, almost touching anteriorly. Distribution Only know from Mt. Nimba in Guinea.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323BFFB5BBAB2BFA77A3B212.taxon	materials_examined	Type species	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323BFFB5BBAB2BFA77A3B212.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Piloctenus species can be distinguished from the remaining Ctenidae by the presence, in males, of a very long scopula on the first pair of legs [Fig. 32 E, character 90 (1)] and the MA strongly curved or hook-shaped, and in the female the epigyne with MS longer than wide and with longitudinal hairy area. Description Ecribellate ctenids. Medium to large size, body length (males and females) 9 – 27. Carapace piriform (Figs 32 A, C, 35 A, C, E, 39 A, C; S 9 A), brownish to reddish covered with short setae; thoracic groove longitudinal, located in the posterior third of the carapace. Chilum divided. Clypeus with long erect black bristles. Ctenid eye pattern 2 – 4 – 2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes. Chelicerae dark brown, with long erect hairs; promargin with three teeth, the median larger than the laterals; retromargin with four teeth, basal smallest; intermarginal denticles absent. Endites brown with lighter apical area, external lateral margin excavated, distally bearing dense apical scopulae and subapical serrula. Labium brown, distally rounded bearing dense apical scopula. Sternum medium to dark brown, shield-shaped, not extending between coxae IV. Legs brown. Male legs more elongate and slender than female legs, with long scopulae on legs I and II, sometimes on all legs, setae length about three to four times diameter of segment. Trochanters notched. Abdomen oval (Figs 32 A, C, 35 A, C, E; S 9 A), with dispersed short setae; males and females with a specific ventral coloration pattern in abdomen. Male palp (Figs 33 A, B, 34 A, B, 36 A, B, 37 A – C, 40 A, B, 41 A – C; S 9 F – H): with prolateral process on distal margin; RTA flattened distolaterally, originating at about one-third of distal margin; cymbium with elongate tip, with large dorsal horn at base; subtegulum prolateral; tegulum oval; MA with dorsal concavity, narrow at base, strongly widened and rounded at extremity, prolateral margin concave or indented; embolus with wide, short and curved apex; locking lobes present; conductor short, curved, hyaline. Epigyne (Figs 33 C, 34 D, 36 C, 38 A, B, 40 C, 41 D; S 9 B, C): often longer or as long as wide, divided into MS and two LS; MS with longitudinal membranous area with short dispersed setae, lateral sides sclerotized, more or less bulging; LS with blunt LP slightly overlapping widened posterior part of MS. Vulva (Figs 38 C, D; S 9 D, E) with spermathecae piriform, oblique, anterior part medially with perforations. Composition Four species: Piloctenus pilosus (Thorell, 1899) comb. nov., P. mirificus (Arts, 1912) comb. nov. (Fig. S 9 A – H), P. gryseelsi sp. nov. and P. haematostoma sp. nov. Remarks Several species mentioned in a study on relatives of ‘ Ctenus pilosus ’ by Benoit (1979) will be incorporated in Piloctenus. Relationships of some of these species were already discussed in Steyn et al. (2003: 153) in which P. mirificus has been revalidated. Distribution Rainforest of Central and West Africa.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323AFFA9BBD32FF576CDB2EE.taxon	description	(FIGS 32 A – E, 33 A – C, 34 A – D) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 90799 CB 7 - DF 48 - 4473 - 9649 - 921 E 2 D 3 B 39 C 7 Type material Holotype: male: GUINEA: Mt. Nimba, Matalayou Forest, 7 ° 39 0 N, 8 ° 19 0 W, 519 m asl, 17. III. 2012, hand collecting on the ground and on the vegetation at night, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (DNA-N 26, MRAC 238922). Paratypes: GUINEA: 1 ♂: Mt. Nimba, Pierre Richaud, Ziela Forest, 7 ° 42 0 N, 8 ° 21 0 W, 563 m asl, 16. II. 2012, primary forest, sieving leaf litter, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 238940); 1 ♀: Mt. Nimba, Gbie Forest, 7 ° 40 0 N, 8 ° 19 0 W, 469 m asl 16. III. 2012, hand collecting on the ground at night, Van den Spiegel D., Henrard A., Allard C., Bimou P. & Sidibe M. (MRAC 239221). Other material	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34323AFFA9BBD32FF576CDB2EE.taxon	materials_examined	GUINEA: 1 ♂: Kouankan, 08 ° 26 0 N, 9 ° 08 0 W, 5. IV. 2000, hand collection at night, Van der Donckt J. F. (MRAC 213488). Etymology The species name is a patronym in honour of Guido Gryseels, director of the Royal Museum for Central Africa, who facilitated studies on invertebrates in the zoology department. Diagnosis Males of Piloctenus gryseelsi are recognized by the modified tarsus IV (Fig. 34 C), so far unique in the genus, and by the cymbium (Figs 33 A, B, 34 A, B) with a sharp, proximal, dorsolateral process with tip pointing forward and the compressed RTA with the long, triangular tip pointing obliquely down. Females are characterized by the epigyne (Figs 33 C, 34 D) longer than wide with slightly curved but strongly sclerotized lateral margins delimiting a lighter longitudinal rectangular setose patch. Description Male (holotype). Total length 10.6. Carapace 5.3 long and 4.4 wide. Clypeus 0.21 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.34, ALE 0.18, PME 0.34, PLE 0.33. Coloration in alcohol (Fig. 32 B, D, E): carapace brownish yellow with faint slightly darker greyish radiating striae; chelicerae brownish yellow; sternum pale yellow; legs orange yellow; abdomen: dorsum grey, in front with medium pale stripe flanked by dark patch on either side followed by three pairs of dark spots, sides uniform grey, venter pale with greyish spots and darker are in front of yellow spinnerets. Living specimens (Fig. 32 A) are greyish brown with marked dark spots on the abdomen. Carapace sparsely covered by tiny, colourless setae; few short dark setae on clypeus and in eye region. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 5.6 patella 2.3 / tibia 5.6 / metatarsus 6.2 / tarsus 2.0 / total 21.8 II: 5.9 / 2.2 / 5.0 / 5.7 / 1.7 / 20.4; III: 5.0 / 2.1 / 3.7 / 4.7 / 1.5 / 16.9; IV: 6.3 / 2.1 / 5.5 / 7.7 / 2.0 / 23.5. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV 10 dispersed dw 4; Mt IV modified (Fig. 34 D): long, slightly sinuous, dispersed spines long, overlapping in proximal half. Palp (Figs 33 A, B, 34 A, B): tibia with ventral and prolateral rounded processes on distal margin; subdistal triangular RTA angled with long, sharp tip pointing down; one prolateral macroseta in proximal half; cymbium with dorsal scopula and sharp dorsolateral process with tip pointing forward; embolus, MA and conductor as typical for the genus. Female (paratype). Total length 10.3. Carapace 5.3 long and 3.9 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.25, ALE 0.18, PME 0.26, PLE 0.23. Coloration in alcohol (Fig. 32 C): cephalothorax pale yellow with faint radiating striae, chelicerae yellowish brown; sternum pale yellow; palpal femur pale yellow, remainder brownish yellow; legs pale yellow, Fe and T faintly ringed with grey; abdomen as in male; spinnerets brownish yellow. Carapace sparsely covered with small dark hairs and larger black hairs. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal subequal teeth; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 4.0 patella 2.1 / tibia 3.6 / metatarsus 3.6 / tarsus 1.3 / total 14.6; II: 4.0 / 2.0 / 3.4 / 3.5 / 1.7 / 14.1; III: 3.5 / 1.6 / 2.7 / 3.1 / 1.2 / 12.0; IV: 4.3 / 1.7 / 3.5 / 5.4 / 1.4 / 16.3. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 vl 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 vl 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 d 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 1 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 1 - 1 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; with ventral scopula as usual; Mt IV unmodified. Epigyne (Figs 33 C, 34 C): MS with long, perfectly rectangular setose, pale yellow, median part, on either side with slightly curved, sclerotized margins; LP very large basally, with smoothly curved, blunt tip. Distribution The species is known from Mt. Nimba and from a lowland forest to the north-west of the mountain. PILOCTENUS HAEMATOSTOMA JOCQUE � & HENRARD	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
D62D4A34322DFFA6BBC22F3172AAB571.taxon	discussion	Remark As ‘ Ctenus ’ pilosus Thorell, 1899 is now transferred in Piloctenus, a replacement name for Ctenus pilosus Franganillo, 1930 is no longer needed [(WSC) World Spider Catalog, 2015]. Type material Male lectotype, here designated: Cameroon (NHRS 5195); female paralectotype, together with lectotype. Diagnosis Males of Piloctenus pilosus are recognized by the palp (Figs 40 A, B, 41 A – C) with short dorsal, pointed extension near base of the cymbium and with erect RTA, ending in a narrow, sharp process pointing forward and slightly downward. Females resemble those of C. mirificus Arts, 1912 by the shape of the epigyne, but can be distinguished by the narrower MS (Figs 40 C, 41 D). Remark The lectotype is faded; the colour description is based on the male and female deposited in NHRS 5195. Description Male (lectotype). Total length 13.8. Carapace 6.7 long and 5.3 wide. Clypeus 0.12 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.36, ALE 0.16, PME 0.36, PLE 0.31. Coloration (Figs 39 C, D): carapace brownish yellow with faint radiating striae; legs uniform pale yellow; chelicerae, endites and labium yellow; sternum pale yellow; abdomen pale yellow with lighter median stripe in anterior half, with four apodemes; venter pale. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, basal smallest; without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: I: femur 7.74 / patella 2.84 / tibia 8.38 / metatarsus 7.37 / tarsus 2.27 / total 28.90; II: 7.10 / 2.49 / 7.81 / 7.24 / 2.27 / 26.91; III: 6.18 / 2.41 / 5.11 / 6.11 / 1.56 / 21.37; IV: 7.24 / 2.41 / 6.75 / 9.37 / 2.49 / 28.62. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; patella I pl 1 d 1 rl 1, II pl 1 rl 1, III pl 1 rl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1 - 1 rl 1, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1; III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 pl 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 II v 1 - 2 - 1 - 1 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 1 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Palp (Figs 40 A, B, 41 A – C): tibia distally with short, round ventral process; RTA at about 1 / 3 from distal margin, bifid, inferior prong fairly broad, blade-shaped with short tapered tip, superior prong tooth-like; cymbium distally with long pilosity, with short dorsal extension near base with tip pointing upward; embolus broad, slightly curved, central part of tegulum strongly bulging; sperm duct running along tegular margin. MA spoon-shaped with distal margin strongly recurved. Female (paralectotype, together with lectotype). Total length 9.2. Carapace 4.8 long and 4.4 wide. Clypeus 0.13 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.26, ALE 0.18, PME 0.30, PLE 0.33. Coloration (Fig. 39 A, B) as in male but chelicerae reddish brown. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, median larger; four retromarginal teeth, basal small, without intermarginal denticles. Leg measurements: 4.40 / patella 1.99 / tibia 4.83 / metatarsus 3.83 / tarsus 1.42 / total 16.47; II: 4.33 / 1.85 / 3.46 / 3.69 / 1.21 / 14.77; III: 3.69 / 1.78 / 2.63 / 3.48 / 1.44 / 13.02; IV: 5.04 / 2.06 / 3.69 / 6.04 / 1.56 / 18.39. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I pl 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1, II pl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, III pl 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV pl 1 - 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1; patella I, II none, III pl 1, IV pl 1 rl 1; tibia I v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 d 1, III v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 d 1 - 1 - 1; metatarsus I v 2 - 2 - 1 - 2, II v 2 - 2 - 2, III v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1, IV v 2 - 2 - 2 pl 1 - 1 - 1 rl 1 - 1 - 1; Mt IV unmodified. Epigyne (Figs 40 C, 41 D): MS subrectangular, longer than wide, widest in posterior half, lateral sides slightly sinuous, posterior half with transverse groove; LP curved inward, surpassing rounded posterior rim of MS. Distribution Only known from Cameroon.	en	Henrard, Arnaud, Jocqué, Rudy (2017): Morphological and molecular evidence for new genera in the Afrotropical Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 180 (1): 82-154, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12461, URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12461
