taxonID	type	description	language	source
47557D04FEB158BC8DDA6A9ED833BE17.taxon	description	Figs 13, 33 C	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
47557D04FEB158BC8DDA6A9ED833BE17.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male antenna 2 flagellum dorsoventrally flattened. Male gnathopod 2 minutely chelate, basis anterior and posterior margins with long setae; propodus subrectangular with rounded projection at palmar angle, densely setose. Female gnathopod 1 smaller than gnathopod 2; ischium, merus, carpus, with plumose setae. Gnathopod 2 propodus anterior margin densely setose. Uropod 3 rami subequal in length.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
47557D04FEB158BC8DDA6A9ED833BE17.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Africa: St. Helena Bay (K. H. Barnard 1957); Bermuda: exact location unknown (Kunkel 1910, Lazo-Wasem and Gable 1987); USA: Florida (LeCroy 2000), Gulf of Mexico (LeCroy et al. 2009); Caribbean Sea (Barnard and Karaman 1991); Belize: Curlew Cay (Thomas and Barnard 1987); Mexico: Yucatan (McKinney 1977); Seychelles Islands: La Digue (Chevreux 1901; Ledoyer 1982; Barnard and Karaman 1991); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
E8F5C058D0F05BFCA01C14D2A958B1D0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head ocular lobe narrowly rounded anteriorly, inferior antennal sinus deeply recessed for insertion of antenna 2. Antenna 1 peduncle article 3 subequal to article 1 in length, accessory flagellum 5 - or 6 - articulate. Male antenna 2 flagellum dorsoventrally flattened. Male gnathopod 2 minutely chelate, propodus subrectangular, palm uncurving, with distal margin extending anteriorly. Female gnathopod 2 larger than gnathopod 1; propodus anterior margin with dense rows of setae. Uropod 3 biramous, rami subequal in length, peduncle longer than telson.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
07EE5959E4B65C1F8320214C0CFFF808.taxon	description	Figs 4, 31 D	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
07EE5959E4B65C1F8320214C0CFFF808.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum acute, reaching beyond eye lobes. Coxae 1 – 4 ventral margin with long setae; coxa 2 with plumose setae; coxae 3 and 4 anterodistal margins subtruncate. Gnathopod 2 propodus posterior margin with 1 – 3 robust setae. Pereopod 7 anterior and posterior margins with long, plumose setae.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
07EE5959E4B65C1F8320214C0CFFF808.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Barbados: Bath (Just 1984); Colombia: Barú, Islas del Rosario, Gulf of Morrosquillo (Ortiz and Lemaitre 1997); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
147C5BDCF8A95310BD5D3B774302ED5F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body subcylindrical. Rostrum pointed. Gnathopods 1 and 2 simple. Coxae 3 and 4 distal margins dentate, setose. Pereopods 5 – 7 lacking accessory tooth. Urosomite 3 fused to telson. Uropod 1 biramous, inner ramus shorter than outer ramus. Uropod 2 absent. Uropod 3 rami absent.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
5F625EFE11275DEDBB2B851EE7E6B716.taxon	description	Figs 5, 31 E	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
5F625EFE11275DEDBB2B851EE7E6B716.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head ocular lobe posteriorly upturned; rostrum slightly produced. Antenna 1 flagellum 6 - articulate. Pleopod 2 outer ramus unsegmented; inner ramus with marginal plumose setae. Uropod 1 outer ramus wide, apical margin not narrowing distally; inner ramus with apical robust seta, distal margin of seta narrowing unevenly.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
5F625EFE11275DEDBB2B851EE7E6B716.taxon	distribution	Distribution. U. S. A.: Ocean Springs, Mississippi (Thomas and Heard 1979), Indian River Lagoon, St. Lucie River, Biscayne Bay, southeastern Gulf of Mexico between Cape Sable and Cape Romano, Estero Bay and Cocohatchee River, Withalacoochee Bay, Florida panhandle to Louisiana, Florida (Nelson 1995; Thomas 1993; LeCroy 2007); Mexico: Laguna de Alvarado, Veracruz (Winfield et al. 1997, 2001), Laguna de Términos, Campeche (Ledoyer 1986); Panama: Chiriqui Grande, Laguna de Chiriqui (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
024E484CA6DF5D2A81CEC23E461EF552.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body subcylindrical. Rostrum produced. Antenna 1 peduncle article 1 expanded, wider than articles 2 – 3. Mandibular palp reaching beyond incisor process, tri-articulate. Coxae 1 – 4 discontinuous. Gnathopod 1 subchelate. Male gnathopod 2 carpochelate. Female gnathopod 2 subchelate, lacking stout setae. Pereopod 5 geniculate at merus; merus posteroventral margin produced. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 6. Pleopods 2 and 3 inner ramus shorter than outer. Uropod 1 inner ramus shorter than outer ramus. Uropods 2 and 3 uniramous. Telson cleft.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
D68D4BB0F21B5D65BE4E532624F3EC15.taxon	description	Figs 6, 31 F	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
D68D4BB0F21B5D65BE4E532624F3EC15.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head ocular lobe posterior margin even, reaching ~ 1 / 2 of head length; rostrum short, acute. Antennae 1 and 2 flagella tri-articulate. Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin with spinules; carpus antero- and posterodistal margins with long, plumose setae. Pleopod 2 outer ramus tri-articulate; inner ramus with marginal setules. Uropod 1 inner ramus with apical robust seta, distal margin of seta narrowing evenly; both rami with marginal setules.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
D68D4BB0F21B5D65BE4E532624F3EC15.taxon	distribution	Distribution. USA: Delaware Bay, Delaware and Great South Bay, New York (Drumm 2018); Florida (LeCroy 2007); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
581F8F284CF25A8D945B146F11528DE8.taxon	description	Figs 7, 31 G	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
581F8F284CF25A8D945B146F11528DE8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head ocular lobe posterior margin even, reaching ~ 1 / 3 head length; rostrum slightly produced. Antenna 1 and 2 flagella bi- and tri-articulate. Pereopod 3 basis anteroproximal corner rectangular. Pleopod 2 outer ramus uni-articulate; inner ramus with two apical setae. Telson partially cleft. Ethanol-preserved specimens retained brown coloration on most of body, especially stripes on antennae.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
581F8F284CF25A8D945B146F11528DE8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Colombia: Barú, Bahía de Cispatá, Gulf of Morrosquillo, South of Punta Comisario (Ortiz and Lemaitre 1994, 1997); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3E2337B25DFC5D3CBDA032CBBE410999.taxon	description	Figs 1, 31 A	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3E2337B25DFC5D3CBDA032CBBE410999.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head with paired dorsal projections. Body without lateral projections; pereonites 2 – 4 with dorsal projections. Pereopods 3 and 4 uni-articulate. Pereopod 5 longer than pereonite 5.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3E2337B25DFC5D3CBDA032CBBE410999.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Colombia: Bahía Concha (Guerra-García et al. 2006); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
B0D5758F5E5B593B8C9EEC9968EB0A09.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna 2 flagellum bi-articulate, lacking swimming setae. Mandibular palp tri-articulate. Maxilliped inner lobe shorter than outer lobe. Pereopod 5 with six articles, distinctly thinner than pereopods 6 and 7. Male abdomen with two appendages.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
A1279FC968325A8F980784BD4D142DBD.taxon	description	Figs 2, 31 B	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
A1279FC968325A8F980784BD4D142DBD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head and pereonites 2 and 3 with dorsal projections; pereonite 4 with posterodorsal hump; pereonites with minute setae. Male gnathopod 2 propodus with distinct excavation and single grasping spine proximally. Pereopods 3 and 4 minute, bi-articulate, ~ 0.3 × length of gills. Pereopod 5 dactylus reduced to minute article. Male abdomen with two setose lobes and two setose appendages.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
A1279FC968325A8F980784BD4D142DBD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico: Veracruz State (Winfield and Guerra-García 2021); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
FCE238841720588CB2D361E20D42BABC.taxon	description	Figs 8, 31 H	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
FCE238841720588CB2D361E20D42BABC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male gnathopod 1 basis widely expanded posterodistally. Coxa 2 anteroventral margin rounded, with vertical stridulating ridges, without long plumose setae. Male gnathopod 2 carpus anterodistal margin with two large distal projections. Coxa 3 evenly rounded distally, basis strongly expanded anterodistally. Pereopod 4 basis strongly expanded. Male pereopod 5 basis not produced into wing-like projection. Uropod 3 ramus slender.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
FCE238841720588CB2D361E20D42BABC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil: Rio De Janeiro (Dana 1853); U. S. A.: Cape Cod to Chesapeake Bay, Florida, Gulf states (Bousfield 1973); Italy: Thau, Napoli, Venezia, Lipari-Castello, Messina, Bosporus (Myers 1982); France: Banyuls-sur-Mer (Myers 1982); Cosmopolitan (Thomas 1993; LeCroy 2007); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
DD460909C14E56DABCF5CFDA948C879B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body subcylindrical. Antennae 1 and 2 peduncular articles 1 – 3 not broadly expanded, similar in width; antenna 1 accessory flagellum minute. Male coxa 2 distinctly separate from coxa 3; longer than wide in hyperadults. Gnathopod 1 subchelate, smaller than gnathopod 2. Male gnathopod 2 carpochelate. Pereopod 5 not geniculate. Pleopods 1 – 3 outer ramus thin; pleopods 2 – 3 rami not reduced, subequal. Uropod 2 bi-ramous. Uropod 3 uniramous, ramus with distal hook. Telson entire with dorsal recurved spines.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0069DE2778CD55B3B2C059755ACC8A85.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum short, bi-articulate. Eye slightly smaller than ocular lobe. Mandibular palp article 3 stout, clavate. Coxae overlapping. Male coxa 1 subovate, larger than remaining coxae. Female coxa 1 equally long as broad. Male gnathopod 1 carpus elongate with posterodistal tooth. Gnathopod 2 smaller than gnathopod 1, carpus longer than propodus. Uropod 1 peduncle with interramal spine. Uropod 3 biramous, rami slightly longer than peduncle, outer ramus with small barrel-shaped article. Telson broader than long, slightly concave.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
EDB299BE18F157968439238893029352.taxon	description	Figs 9, 10, 11, 32 A	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
EDB299BE18F157968439238893029352.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
EDB299BE18F157968439238893029352.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male gnathopod 1 basis stout, merus with large anterodistal U-shaped excavation, carpus with three triangular anterodistal processes increasing in size distally, with deep U-shaped excavation between two lower processes, propodus subovate with large proximal notch. Pereopod 5 basis length 2.7 × width. Uropod 3 peduncle ~ 0.5 × length of outer ramus.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
EDB299BE18F157968439238893029352.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, 4.2 mm). Head. Ocular lobe rounded, eye ovate with many small ommatidia. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2, peduncle article 2 1.9 × length of article 1 and 3; flagellum setose with aesthetascs. Antenna 2 ~ 1.4 × length of antenna 1, flagellum moderately setose. Maxilliped inner plate with nine apical plumose setae, outer plate lined with long thin setae and six stout setae. Maxilla 1 missing. Maxilla 2 inner plate with row of facial setae, margin lined with dense setae. Upper lip missing. Lower lip rounded, apically setose. Mandibles similar; palp article 3 stout, clavate. Pereon. Coxae 1 large, subovate; coxae 2 – 4 subrectangular. Gnathopod 1 carpochelate; basis stout, with row of long facial setae; merus with large anterodistal U-shaped excavation, carpus with three triangular anterodistal processes increasing in size, with deep U-shaped excavation between two lower processes, propodus subovate with large proximal notch; dactylus thick, closing on carpus, marginally setose. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, much smaller than gnathopod 1; basis widened distally, anterior margin with sparse setae, carpus distally setose with one robust anterodistal seta, propodus distally setose with one distal robust seta. Pereopods 3 – 7 basis and propodus narrow, elongate. Pereopods 3 and 4 dactylus narrow, elongate. Pereopod 5 dactylus short, stout. Pereopods 6 and 7 much longer than pereopod 5; dactylus long, narrow. Pleon. Epimera 1 – 3 rounded, with few distal setae. Uropod 1 with interramal spine, peduncle subequal in length with inner ramus, both margins lined with robust setae, with facial row of robust setae; inner ramus 1.1 × length of outer ramus, lined with robust setae, medial margin lined with fine setae, apical margin with three robust setae; outer ramus both margins lined with robust setae, apical margin with four robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle broken, with several robust setae, medio-distal margin with acute point; inner ramus 1.2 × length of outer ramus, both margins lined with robust setae, medial margin lined with fine setae, apical margin with three robust setae; outer ramus both margins lined with robust setae, apical margin with three. Uropod 3 peduncle 0.5 × length of inner ramus, with two distal robust setae, medio-distal margin with acute point; inner ramus 1.1 × length of outer ramus, both margins with few robust setae, lateral margin lined with fine setae, apical margin with three robust setae; outer ramus bi-articulate, article 1 margins with few robust setae, apical margin with four robust setae, article 2 with one long seta. Telson apical margin slightly concave with acute lateral points, each point surrounded by four robust setae, lateral margins each with two setae. Female (paratype, 4.7 mm). Similar in all aspects to the male with the exception of the following: Lower lip outer lobes lined with setae; mandibular lobes long, pointed. Maxilla 1 inner plate apical margin lined with bifurcate setae; palp bi-articulate, article 2 apical margin with four bifurcate robust setae and one serrate robust seta, outer margin with fine setules. Gnathopod 1 weakly subchelate, merus, carpus, propodus, and dactylus densely setose, propodus and dactylus lateral margins lined with fine setae. Gnathopod 2 missing.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
EDB299BE18F157968439238893029352.taxon	etymology	Etymology. After the Latin tridens, meaning fork with three tines and referring to the three triangular process on the gnathopod 2 carpus of males of this species.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6DE7383696C251558E3E158B212081CB.taxon	description	Figs 14, 32 D	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6DE7383696C251558E3E158B212081CB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male gnathopod 2 propodus distinctly longer than carpus, robust seta present at palmar angle; dactylus subequal in length with propodus palm. Coxae 3 and 4 subquadrate. Epimera 2 and 3 posteroventral margins subquadrate with weak notches.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6DE7383696C251558E3E158B212081CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Cape Verde Islands: Saint Vincent (Stebbing 1888); Sri Lanka (Walker 1904); Maldives: Hulule, Fadifolu, Mahlosmadulu Atoll, Minikoi (Walker 1905); Cape Verde Islands: St. Vincent (Stebbing 1906); Fiji: Momi Bay, Mburelevu, Nananui Ra (Myers 1985); USA: Florida (LeCroy 2000); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
56B09CAB1E1153D2A24E3DD88B83BC1B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head cephalic lobes rounded, anteroventral margin surpassing posterior margin of eye; eyes at least partially situated within cephalic lobe. Antenna 2 flagellum longer than peduncle article 5. Uropod 3 peduncle stout; outer ramus bi-articulate, second article vestigial, subtruncate with two fine setae; inner ramus subequal to or shorter than outer ramus, narrowing distally, with one stout apical seta.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8ABE3C676C9D5DDFA2CCD0B67BA1F407.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pereopods 3 and 4 bi-articulate. Maxilliped outer lobes significantly larger than inner lobes, not fused, bearing few setae. Mandibular palp reduced.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6C73BB887256582CB0BBF1FCCAD01D03.taxon	description	Figs 3, 31 C	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6C73BB887256582CB0BBF1FCCAD01D03.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body lacking dorsal projections. Male pereonite 2 with large, triangular anteroventral projection. Gnathopod 1 dactylus reaching ~ 1 / 2 of propodus length. Male gnathopod 2 basis with posteroproximal bump.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
6C73BB887256582CB0BBF1FCCAD01D03.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Africa: West Africa (Reid 1951); Brazil: Rio de Janerio (Wakabara et al. 1991); Chile: Coquimbo (Guerra-García and Thiel 2001); Colombia: Magdalena (Guerra-García et al. 2006); Mediterranean Sea: Balearic Islands (Ros et al. 2013); Mexico: Gulf of Mexico (Steinberg and Dougherty 1957; Winfield et al. 2006); U. S. A.: Florida (Camp 1998); Venezuela: Falcón, Carabobo, Aragua, Sucre, Nueva Esparta (Díaz et al. 2005); Western North Atlantic (McCain 1968); Spain: Cadiz (Ros and Guerra-García 2012); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
40FE82606BFB5D29856D65C5B21A136B.taxon	description	Figs 18, 19, 20, 32 F	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
40FE82606BFB5D29856D65C5B21A136B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head ocular lobe rounded distally. Coxae 1 – 4 ventral margins lined with long setae; coxa 1 anteroventral margin slightly produced with gap in marginal setae. Gnathopod 1 carpus slightly shorter than propodus in length, anterior margin subquadrate proximally. Gnathopod 2 propodus with stout robust seta at palmar angle, dactyl, flexor margin serrate. Pereopods 5 – 7 basis anterior margin with row of long submarginal plumose setae. Pereopods 6 and 7 propodus each with posterodistal cluster of setae surpassing length of dactylus. Uropod 3 inner ramus with minute spinule.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
40FE82606BFB5D29856D65C5B21A136B.taxon	description	Description. (Female 2.4 mm). Head. Head, ocular lobe rounded distally. Maxilliped, inner plate apical margin lined with plumose robust setae; outer plate with row of marginal sagittate-shaped robust setae and row of submarginal simple setae; palp 4 - articulate, articles 1 – 3 inner margins lined long thin setae, article 4 with stout setae. Upper lip apically setose. Lower lip inner and outer lobes rounded, apically setose; outer lobe with few thick bifurcate setae. Maxilla 1 outer plate with four apical robust setae and four slender setae; inner plate with nine apical robust setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate outer margin lined with setae, submarginal row of long setae; outer plate apical margin lined with long plumose setae. Mandibles similar, molar small; palp tri-articulate, articles 2 and 3 with plumose setae. Pereon. Coxae 1 – 4 lined with long ventral setae; coxa 1 anteroventral margin slightly produced with gap in marginal setae. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; basis unexpanded, margins lined with long setae; carpus slightly shorter than propodus; propodus palm serrate with one robust seta at proximal margin; dactylus serrate. Gnathopod 2 similar to gnathopod 1 with deep palmer excavation just before robust seta at palmar angle. Pereopods 3 and 4 posterior margins of articles 2 – 4 lined with long plumose setae. Pereopod 5 basis length 1.2 × width; dactylus stout. Pereopods 5 – 7 basis with row of submarginal plumose setae. Pereopods 6 and 7 propodus each with posterodistal cluster of setae surpassing length of dactylus; dactylus with accessory claw. Pleon. Epimera 1 – 3 distal margins rounded. Uropod 1 peduncle subequal in length with inner ramus; inner ramus 1.1 × length of outer ramus, both rami with marginal and apical robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle 1.1 × length to inner ramus, peduncle with two strong distomedial robust setae; inner ramus 1.3 × length of outer ramus, each ramus with one marginal robust seta and two or three apical robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle 5.3 × length of inner ramus; inner ramus 0.3 × length of outer ramus, with small apical spinule; outer ramus bi-articulate, terminal article with many long setae. Telson apex rounded, subtriangular. Male (paratype 1.2 mm). Similar in all aspects to the female with the exception of the following: Gnathopod 1 propodus palm with excavation. Gnathopod 2 with process near insertion of dactylus. Pereopods 3, 5, and 7 missing. Pereopod 4 sparsely setose. Pereopod 6 lacking plumose setae on basis.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
40FE82606BFB5D29856D65C5B21A136B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. After the Latin bulla, meaning knob, boss, stud, bubble and referring to the anteroventral projection on the anteroventral margin of coxa 1 of this species.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
40FE82606BFB5D29856D65C5B21A136B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. U. S. A.: Florida: Hutchinson Island to the Florida Keys, Florida Bay to Perdido Key (LeCroy 2000); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8805722BADB05982B4D0A61C10B39DCA.taxon	description	Figs 15, 16, 17, 32 E	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8805722BADB05982B4D0A61C10B39DCA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eye well developed, not touching outer margin of ocular lobe. Gnathopod 1 propodus palm entire. Pereopod 6 of adult male greatly enlarged; merus ovate; propodus thick, width 0.4 × length, palmar margin minutely serrate with short setae, one short subtriangular seta present; dactylus apical margin subacute. Pereopod 7 dactylus with posterior and anterior accessory claws.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8805722BADB05982B4D0A61C10B39DCA.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, 2.1 mm). Head. Eye well developed, not touching outer margin of ocular lobe. Antenna 2 flagellum 5 - articulate. Maxilliped inner plate lined with setae along inner margin, two rows of apical setae present, outer plate with row of four thick setae, and six sagittate-shaped setae. Lower lip inner lobes rounded, outer lobes with large gape, apically setose, with few thick bifurcate setae; inner plate length 0.8 × length of outer plate, apically setose. Maxilla 1 inner plate small, bare; outer plate with two rows of five apical bifurcated robust setae; palp bi-articulate, article 2 lined with marginal setules, apical margin with three bifurcated robust setae. Maxilla 2 inner lobe with two rows of marginal setae; outer lobe with two rows of apical setae. Mandibles similar, molar small; palp tri-articulate, article 3 lined with fine setules. Pereon. Coxae sparsely setose. Coxa 1 – 4 subrectangular, longer than wide. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; basis anterior and posterior margins with few long setae; merus with posterodistal cluster of setae; carpus subequal in length to propodus, densely setose; propodus palm convex, serrate, proximal margin with one large robust seta; dactylus lined with minute stout setae, with one serration at distal end. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis anterior and posterior margins each with one long seta and one short distal seta; merus with posterodistal bunch of long setae, posterodistal margin with fine setules; carpus subtriangular, with posterodistal cluster of fine setae; propodus palm with weak excavation, palmar robust seta present; dactylus extending past excavation of propodus palm, lined with minute stout setae, with one distal serration. Pereopods 3 and 4 bases thick, posterodistal margin with few long setae; dactylus apically subacute. Pereopod 3 merus anterodistal margin densely setose. Pereopod 5 basis nearly circular, sparsely setose; propodus with two posterodistal robust setae; dactylus stout with accessory claw. Pereopod 6 of adult male greatly enlarged; merus ovate; propodus thick, width 0.4 × length, palmar margin minutely serrate with short setae, one short subtriangular robust seta present; dactylus apical margin subacute. Pereopod 7 basis narrowing distally; remaining articles slender; propodus distal margin sparsely lined with short setae and one short subtriangular robust seta; dactylus with posterior and anterior accessory claws. Pleon. Uropod 1 peduncle 1.3 × length of inner ramus, with three marginal robust setae and lined with fine setules; inner ramus 1.1 × length of outer ramus, with one marginal stout seta, lined with marginal setules, apex with two robust setae; lined with marginal setules, apex with three robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle with two distal robust setae, subequal in length with inner ramus; inner ramus 1.2 × length of outer ramus, one marginal robust setae, inner margin lined with setules, apex with two robust setae; outer ramus outer margin lined with setules, with one marginal robust setae, apex with two robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle 3.9 × length of inner ramus, with two distal setae; inner ramus 0.4 – 0.5 × length of outer ramus, bare; outer ramus bi-articulate, first article outer margin lined with setules, with three long distal setae; second article with one distal seta. Telson narrowing distally, apically rounded with four dorsal setae. Female (paratype, 2.3 mm). Similar in all aspects to the male with the exception of the following: pereopod 6 merus not enlarged, propodus width 0.2 × length, smooth; dactylus apically acute with accessory claws.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8805722BADB05982B4D0A61C10B39DCA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. After the Latin bu, meaning large and talus, meaning ankle, heel, die and referring to the greatly enlarged pereopod 6, specifically the thickened propodus, of males of this species.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
8805722BADB05982B4D0A61C10B39DCA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
F6B7142221DB51BFA7E4483179146633.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum vestigial or absent. Coxae 1 and 2 subequal in length with coxae 3 and 4. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic. Male gnathopod 2 subchelate; dactylus slender. Female gnathopod 2 propodus anterior margin sparsely to moderately setose. Female pereopods 3 and 4 oostegites broadly expanded, longer than basis. Urosomites separate. Uropods 1 and 2 inner ramus lanceolate with apical robust setae. Uropod 3 inner ramus minute.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
137F61DC88535679A90DCBB928E8E7E0.taxon	description	Figs 24, 32 H	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
137F61DC88535679A90DCBB928E8E7E0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ocular lobe distal margin subacute. Coxae 1 – 4 ventral margins lined with long setae. Coxa 1 anteroventral margin evenly rounded. Female gnathopod 2 propodus palmar margin lacking process. Pereopod 3 merus with long plumose setae. Pereopod 5 basis bare. Pereopods 6 and 7 propodus with few setae shorter than dactylus; dactylus with accessory claw. Uropod 1 inner ramus 1.2 × length of outer ramus. Uropod 3 peduncle with plumose distoventral seta; inner ramus 0.2 × length of outer ramus, apical margin with setae.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
137F61DC88535679A90DCBB928E8E7E0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. U. S. A.: Florida Bay, Tampa Bay, Florida (LeCroy 2000), South of Galveston, Texas (McKinney 1977, 1980), Gulf of Mexico (LeCroy et al. 2009); Venezuela: exact location unspecified (Martín and Diaz 2003; LeCroy et al. 2009). Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3B09027D02D255A78E8C7646A224CF88.taxon	description	Figs 21, 22, 23, 32 G	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3B09027D02D255A78E8C7646A224CF88.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male coxa 1 anteroventral angle rounded, without setae. Male gnathopod 2 basis with large anterodistal lobe, lined with stridulating ridges; propodus process at palmar angle long, slender, curved. Male coxae 3 and 4 with stridulating ridges. Uropods 1 – 3 rami without marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 inner ramus lanceolate, inner ramus 0.2 × length of outer ramus, outer ramus, bi-articulate, article 2 with at least one apical seta.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3B09027D02D255A78E8C7646A224CF88.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, 1.7 mm). Head. Eyes round, circle of dark ommatidia surrounded by light ommatidia, touching anterior margin of ocular lobe. Antenna 1 broken; peduncle article 2 2.3 × length of article 1. Antenna 2 flagellum 7 - articulate. Maxilliped inner plate apical margin with two rows of plumose setae; outer plate with four robust setae, lined with submarginal setae; palp 4 - articulate. Lower lip inner and outer lobes rounded, lined with fine setae. Maxilla 1 inner plate small with one apical seta; outer plate with eight bifurcate robust setae; palp bi-articulate with three apical robust setae and two marginal setae. Maxilla 2 outer plate with eight apical setae; inner plate with five apical and five marginal setae. Mandibles similar, incisors dentate; palp tri-articulate, articles 2 and 3 setose, with some plumose setae. Upper lip rounded with indentation, apically setose on either side of indentation. Pereon. Coxae sparsely setose, setae short; coxae 1 – 4 longer than wide; coxae 3 – 4 with stridulating ridges. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; basis unexpanded, margins with tufts of long setae; carpus 0.1 × length of propodus; propodus palm serrate, lacking robust setae; dactylus minutely serrate. Gnathopod 2 basis with large anterodistal lobe, lined with stridulating ridges; propodus process at palmar angle long, slender, curved. Pereopod 3 merus minutely expanded anteriorly. Pereopod 4 anterodistal margin of carpus with pointed projection, with few setae. Pereopods 5 – 7 bases rounded, narrowing sequentially. Pereopod 7 significantly longer than pereopods 5 and 6. Pleon. Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner subquadrate without notch. Uropod 1 peduncle with one distal robust seta, 1.3 × length of inner ramus; inner ramus 1.3 × length of outer ramus, rami lined with minute setules, lacking robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle 0.8 × length of inner ramus, with one distal robust seta; inner ramus 1.2 × length of outer ramus, lined with minute setules, lacking robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle 2.0 × length of inner ramus with one apical seta; inner ramus lanceolate, 0.2 × length of outer ramus, bare; outer ramus bi-articulate, article 2 with two apical setae. Male (paratype, 1.6 mm). Head. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2, distal margins with sparse, long setae, flagellum tri-articulate, terminal article minute. Antenna 2 flagellum 4 - articulate, terminal article minute. Pleon. Telson entire, apex subtriangular, with two setae, lateral margins with subacute points. Female (paratype, 1.7 mm). Similar in all aspects to the male with the exception of the following: antenna 1 5 - articulate; antenna 2 8 - articulate; coxae without stridulating ridges; coxa 1 ventral margin with few short setae; gnathopod 2 basis anterodistal margin unexpanded, without lobe; propodus with reduced distal thumb, lacking triangular process near insertion of dactylus; pereopod 4 basis anterior and posterior margins with long plumose setae, anterodistal margin of carpus without pointed projection.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3B09027D02D255A78E8C7646A224CF88.taxon	etymology	Etymology. After the Latin probolos, meaning any projecting or jutting object or prominence and referring to large anterodistal lobe on the basis of the gnathopod 2 of males of this species.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3B09027D02D255A78E8C7646A224CF88.taxon	distribution	Distribution. U. S. A.: Florida: Biscayne Bay, Florida Bay (LeCroy 2000); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
55A77FA218A05AF2999436110BB6FF09.taxon	description	Figs 29, 33 C	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
55A77FA218A05AF2999436110BB6FF09.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Maxilla 2 inner and outer plates each with two rows of apical setae. Gnathopod 2 merus without robust setae; propodus with two robust setae at palmar angle. Uropods 1 and 2 without interramal spines. Telson apex truncate with two long and two short setae.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
55A77FA218A05AF2999436110BB6FF09.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil: Prainha in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro; Santo Aleixo Island, Serinhaém, Pernambuco (Serejo 1995); British Virgin Islands: Guana (Baldinger and Gable 2002); U. S. A.: Biscayne Bay, Florida (LeCroy 2011); Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
E6C6D5F4740252A4AB93A50EC8FC6531.taxon	description	Figs 30, 33 D	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
E6C6D5F4740252A4AB93A50EC8FC6531.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Maxilla 2 inner and outer plates each with one row of apical setae. Gnathopod 2 propodus with proximal robust seta, dactylus bent at angle. Uropod 1 interramal spine present. Uropod 2 interramal spine absent.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
E6C6D5F4740252A4AB93A50EC8FC6531.taxon	distribution	Distribution. British Virgin Islands: Guana Island (Baldinger and Gable 2002); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
85B04EC66A025A42AAD021D6F1AD57E1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body often with dorsal elevations or carinate, pereon segments 2 and 3 fused. Antenna 2 longer than antenna 1, stout. Head not globular, buccal mass similar in size to head. Coxae discontiguous. Urosomites separate, urosomite 1 elongate. Uropods 1 – 3 dissimilar in structure; uropod 3 greatly reduced.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0525432E54115290A814C02C34AEB37D.taxon	description	Figs 26, 27, 28, 33 B	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0525432E54115290A814C02C34AEB37D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pereon segments 5 – 7 dorsally setose. Male antenna 1 flagellum 4 - articulate; accessory flagellum uni-articulate. Coxa 1 with four marginal setae. Gnathopod 1 basis slender. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm serrate with one large, rounded projection, posteriorly concave. Pereopods 3 – 7 propodus with posterodistal notch. Uropods 1 and 2 each with distoventral interramal spine.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0525432E54115290A814C02C34AEB37D.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, 2.8 mm). Head. Eyes round, bulging. Antenna 1 densely setose, flagellar article 1 shorter than flagellar article 2; accessory flagellum uni-articulate. Antenna 2 densely setose; flagellum 4 - articulate. Maxilliped inner plate with seven plumose apical setae, outer plate lined with ten marginal robust setae and many facial setae, palp 4 - articulate. Lower lip missing. Maxilla 1 inner plate absent; outer plate with six apical robust setae; palp bi-articulate, apical margin with four bifurcate setae and three slender setae. Maxilla 2 inner and outer plate apical margins lined with setae; outer plate with two rows. Mandibular palp tri-articulate, lined with plumose setae. Upper lip missing. Pereon. Pereon segments with posterodorsal processes. Pereonites 5 – 8 with dorsal robust setae. Coxae sparsely setose, discontiguous. Coxa 1 rhomboidal. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; basis slender; ischium posterior margin with two long setae; merus posterior margin with long plumose setae; carpus longer than wide, posterior margin lined with plumose setae, with two plumose facial setae; propodus subequal in length with carpus, posterior margin with many simple and plumose setae, anterolateral margin with facial setae; dactylus inner margin serrate. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, much larger than gnathopod 1; basis expanded anteriorly into rounded process, posterior margin with short setae; ischium posteriodistal margin with sparse short setae; merus ventral margin lined with long slender plumose setae and two short, stout setae; carpus reduced, ventral margin lined with long slender plumose setae; propodus palm serrate with one large, rounded projection, posteriorly concave; dactylus closing on concavity. Pereopods 3 – 6 missing. Pereopod 7 basis ovate; ischium short; merus posteriorly expanded; propodus with posterodistal notch. Pleon. Epimera 1 – 3 with posterodorsal processes; posteroventral margins smooth, rounded. Uropod 1 1.4 × length of uropod 2; peduncle with distoventral interramal spine, apical margin with one slender seta; inner ramus 2.3 × length of peduncle, outer margin lined with robust setae and fine setules, apical margin with one long seta; outer ramus outer margin with few robust setae, apical margin with one long seta. Uropod 2 peduncle with distoventral interramal spine, apical margin with one slender seta; inner ramus 2.9 × length of peduncle, outer margin lined with robust setae and fine setules, apical margin with one long seta; outer ramus outer margin with one robust seta, apical margin with one long seta. Uropod 3 vestigial, rounded. Telson dorsally produced, with two long and two short setae. Female (paratype, 2.8 mm). Similar in all aspects to the male with the exception of the following: Antenna 1 flagellum tri-articulate. Lower lip outer lobes rounded, setose; mandibular lobes acutely pointed. Gnathopod 2 basis stout, without rounded process, posterodistal margin with one seta; merus rounded posteriorly, with distal robust seta and several slender setae; carpus subtriangular; propodus enlarged, rounded, palmar margin smooth, moderately setose, with two large setae; dactylus inner margin with short setae. Pereopods 5 and 6 anterior and posterior margins of most articles with plumose setae; propodus posterodistal margin with notch.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0525432E54115290A814C02C34AEB37D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. After the Latin offucia, meaning paint or wash for face and referring to dark pigment on the head of this species.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
0525432E54115290A814C02C34AEB37D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
3F364B09BEA35747993C0660E65DDEA8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum 2 - or 3 - articulate (possibly with tiny additional article). Head cephalic lobe subacute. Coxae elongate, large, and overlapping. Dactylus of maxilliped short, stubby, setose apically. Gnathopod 1 small, weakly subchelate, carpus slightly longer than propodus. Gnathopod 2 broad, subchelate, posterior margin of propodus broadly lobate, anterior margin of propodus slightly longer than posterior margin, palm oblique, sculptured. Uropod 3 peduncle elongate, rami styliform, slightly shorter than peduncle, one-articulate.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
89F97D3E555D50CB8BD30BB307D09EAA.taxon	description	Figs 25, 33 A	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
89F97D3E555D50CB8BD30BB307D09EAA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eye round. Gnathopod 1 propodus without projections. Female gnathopod 2 propodus with mid-palmar excavation, large robust seta at palmar angle; dactylus longer than palm. Uropod 3 peduncle elongate, rami styliform, lined with minute setae, each ramus with one marginal robust seta.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
89F97D3E555D50CB8BD30BB307D09EAA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico: Puerto Peñasco (Barnard 1979); Ecuador: Galapagos Islands (Barnard 1979); Panama: unspecified (Barnard 1979), Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
B5D11B6C3F695B0DAB2577482BB7ECA6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male coxa 1 subquadrate. Male gnathopod 1 chelate, carpus and propodus fused, dactylus with posteroproximal tooth. Gnathopod 2 smaller than gnathopod 1, propodus longer than carpus. Uropod 1 with large interramal spine. Uropod 3 rami subequal in length with peduncle, outer ramus with small barrel-shaped article 2.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
79945FC7CA225A349F824F14898DE792.taxon	description	Figs 12, 32 B	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
79945FC7CA225A349F824F14898DE792.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Gnathopod 1 basis with rows of anterior, posterior, and facial setae; dactylus posteroproximal tooth longer than wide. Male pereopod 5 basis length 1.4 × width. Uropod 1 interramal spine subequal in length with peduncle; inner ramus with robust setae on both margins, lateral margin lined with small setae; outer ramus with two robust setae on lateral margin. Uropod 3 rami subequal, rami subequal to peduncle, outer ramus with small barrel shaped article 2. Telson apex convex, dorsal surface with excavation. Live specimens are white in color with brown splotches.	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
79945FC7CA225A349F824F14898DE792.taxon	distribution	Distribution. U. S. A.: Gulf of California (Barnard 1979); Ecuador: Galápagos Islands (Barnard 1979); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).	en	Sir, Sally J., White, Kristine N. (2025): Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira. ZooKeys 1234: 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
