identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F220879BFFB8295AFF657287A0C9807B.text	F220879BFFB8295AFF657287A0C9807B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Andringitrabius Hustache 1956	<div><p>Andringitrabius Hustache, 1956</p><p>Figs (1, 13, 14)</p><p>Andringitrabius Hustache, 1956: 73 (original description); Alonso-Zarazaga &amp; Lyal 1999: 187 (catalogue).</p><p>Type species. Andringitrabius polymitus Hustache, 1956 by original designation. Gender masculine.</p><p>Diagnosis. Small Oosomini 3.2 mm long; rostrum in dorsal view wider than long, at base slightly wider than at apex; epifrons at base distinctly narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes, posteriorly separated from head by wide transverse furrow with ill-defined margins; frons glabrous; antennal sockets dorsally placed, pit-shaped, in lateral view slightly enlarged posteriad, directed towards eye but not reaching it; antennal scape reaching anterior margin of pronotum when folded, at apex narrower than club; antennae and legs glabrous; apex of elytra not hidden by overhanging slope; metatibiae with apical surface glabrous and with setose bevel; claws free, divaricate.</p><p>Description. Body length 3.20 mm. Ground colour of body (Fig. 1) black, antennae and legs reddish brown. Vestiture of body consisting of dense appressed rounded scales completely hidden integument, leaving only narrow elytral rows and median longitudinal stripe on pronotum glabrous; the entire antennae and legs glabrous with very sparse appressed short piliform setae and short, sparse, semi-erect piliform setae. Elytra with one regular row of short, semi-erect piliform setae; pronotum and rostrum with head with irregularly scattered identical setae, distinctly shorter than elytral ones, visible only in lateral view. Colour pattern of body vestiture green with weak metallic sheen on elytra and head with rostrum, grey on pronotum.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 13, 14) short, 1.2× as wide as long, in dorsal view widest at base, evenly tapering apicad, with concave sides; in lateral view slightly regularly vaulted. Epifrons narrow, at base 0.5× as wide as rostrum in respective part, with slightly concave sides, at base distinctly narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes, dorsally with longitudinal furrow, posteriorly separated from head by shallow transverse furrow with ill-defined margins. Frons moderately large, glabrous, posteriorly not carinated, with 4 pairs of fine apical setae. Epistome not developed. Antennal sockets in dorsal view well visible in anterior third of rostrum, pit-shaped; in lateral view short, placed near dorsal margin of rostrum, slightly enlarging posteriad and curved, with dorsal margin directed towards dorsal margin of eye and ventral margin towards middle of eye, separated from eye by wide squamose stripe. Vertex almost flat, wide. Head wide, behind eyes short and distinctly enlarged posteriad. Eyes moderately small, weakly convex, hardly prominent from outline of head in dorsal view, in lateral view placed nearer dorsal margin of head, subcircular. Mandibles with three fine setae, asquamose.</p><p>Antennae (Fig. 1) with scape somewhat slender, 6.4× as long as at apex wide, 1.2× as long as funicle, reaching anterior margin of pronotum when folded, slightly regularly curved at middle, slightly evenly enlarging apicad in apical half, at apex slightly narrower than club. Funicle with 7 articles; articles 1 and 2 slender, long, conical, articles 3–7 not distinctly wider than long. Clubs spindle-shaped.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 1) 1.3× as wide as long, widest at midlength, with sides rounded, tapering more anteriad than posteriad, behind anterior margin weakly constricted. Disc regularly domed, base slightly arched. Pronotum in lateral view almost flat. Anterior margin in lateral view without setae or ocular lobes. Procoxal cavities contiguous, round, located at middle of prosternum. Scutellar shield dorsally invisible.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 1) oval, 1.4× as long as wide, widest slightly before midlength, with sides weakly rounded, apically narrowly rounded, humeral and subhumeral calli missing; apex of elytra visible in dorsal view, not hidden by overhanging slope. Elytra 10-striate, striae punctate; interstriae flat. Elytral profile in lateral view slightly vaulted.</p><p>Femora medially somewhat swollen, unarmed. Tibiae moderately slender, straight; protibiae almost 8× as long as at midlength wide, with lateral side straight, apically rounded, with fringe of fine, sparse and short setae, inner portion with brownish mucro; meso- and metatibiae with short mucro; apical surface of meso- and metatibiae glabrous, outside fringed by fine setae, inside armed with short sparse spines, brownish; metatibiae with densely setose bevel, not fringed outside. Tarsi slender, tarsomere 1 slightly shorter than tarsomeres 2 and 3 combined; tarsomere 2 transverse; tarsomere 3 deeply bilobed and distinctly wider than the others; onychium longer than tarsomere 3; claws free, weakly divaricate.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites and terminalia not examined.</p><p>Biology. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. The genus is native to Madagascar.</p><p>Species included. The genus was described as monotypic.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. Hustache (1956) did not assign his new genus to any tribe, and also did not mention any similar genera with which he made comparisons. He only briefly defined the genus as distinguishable by scrobes fully dorsally placed, completely visible in dorsal view and by free claws. Thus, the genus with this incomplete description was listed as Entiminae incertae sedis in the catalogue of Alonso-Zarazaga &amp; Lyal (1999).</p><p>Andringitrabius belongs to the tribe Oosomini based on its free claws, dorsally placed antennal sockets, trisetose mandibles, glabrous frons, lack of ocular lobes and vibrissae on lateral margins of pronotum, lack of laterally protruding humeral elytral calli and the setose bevel of the metatibiae. The precise position of Andringitrabius within Oosomini is not clear. Because it is not possible to borrow type specimens from the Paris museum, I was not able to examine the ventral part of the type specimen or to dissect it, and thus examine the terminalia. In only dorsally visible morphological characters Andringitrabius is similar to the genus Bulirschius described below, as both genera share the rostrum separated from the head by a shallow transverse furrow with ill-defined margins, epifrons at base narrower than distance between the inner margins of the eyes and antennal scapes at apex narrower than clubs. It is possible to distinguish Andringitrabius by the elytra in lateral view gradually tapered apicad, with their apices clearly visible in dorsal view, not obscured by the overhanging slope of the elytral declivity, epifrons mostly glabrous, sparsely covered with appressed scales, antennal scapes and tibiae glabrous and the rostrum in lateral view longer, with the ventral margin not shorter than thickness of the rostrum at its base. When other Madagascan material is available for study, it would be desirable to examine other characters not visible in dorsal and lateral view, including internal characters, to prepare a more precise definition of the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB8295AFF657287A0C9807B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFBA295DFF65745EA66287BB.text	F220879BFFBA295DFF65745EA66287BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Andringitrabius polymitus Hustache 1956	<div><p>Andringitrabius polymitus Hustache, 1956</p><p>Figs (1, 2, 13, 14)</p><p>Andringitrabius polymitus Hustache, 1956: 73 (original description); Alonso-Zarazaga &amp; Lyal 1999: 187 (catalogue).</p><p>Type locality. Madagascar, Andringitra .</p><p>Type material. Holotype: unsexed spec.,Andringitra, Madagascar [printed] / TYPE [printed, red ink] / Museum Paris, 1949, Col. A. Hustache [printed, blue label] / Andringitrabius polymitus m. [handwritten] (MNHN) (Fig. 2).</p><p>Redescription. Body length 3.2 mm. Body (Fig. 1) black, antennae and legs reddish brown, clubs darker. Appressed scales on elytra regularly rounded, isolated, 3–4 across width of one interstria; interstriae 3 with slightly wider, paler scales. Pronotum with dense greyish appressed rounded scales, as large as grey elytral scales on interstriae 3, leaving wide median longitudinal stripe glabrous. Head including rostrum with same scales with metallic sheen as those on elytra. Each interstria with one inconspicuous row of short, semi-erect setae, about as long as half the width of one interstria; setae slender, almost piliform. Pronotum and head with rostrum with very short semi-erect setae, hardly visible in lateral view.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 13, 14) 1.15× as wide as long, at base 1.22× as wide as at apex, evenly tapered apicad with slightly concave sides. Epifrons narrow, with concave sides, at base 0.5× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally with longitudinal furrow. Frons large, posteriorly reaching antennal insertions, slightly domed, smooth. Eyes in dorsal view hardly prominent from outline of head.</p><p>Antennal scape 6.4× as long as wide at apex, in apical part 0.8× as wide as club. Funicle with article 1 1.5× as long as wide and 1.1× as long as article 2, this is 1.6× as long as wide; articles 3 and 4 1.2× as long as wide; articles 5 and 6 isodiametric, article 6 slightly larger than 5; article 7 1.3× as wide as long; clubs 1.9× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 1) 1.29× as wide as long, widest at midlength, with weakly rounded sides, behind anterior margin slightly constricted, with anterior margin only slightly narrower than posterior one; disc regularly domed, finely, densely, regularly punctured; pronotum in lateral view almost flat.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 1) oval, 1.37× as long as wide, widest slightly before midlength, with slightly rounded sides, apically narrowly tapered; striae punctured.</p><p>Tibiae slender, 7.8× as long as width at midlength; protibiae apically rounded, fringed with short and fine setae, finely denticulate in apical half on inner margin, mucronate. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.3× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4× as wide as long and 1.4× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium 1.3× as long as tarsomere 3.</p><p>Biology. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Madagascar.</p><p>Remarks. I was able to examine the holotype of this species in the Paris Museum without being able to borrow the type specimen or to dissect it. Thus, the redescription of the species lacks characters on the ventral part of the body and also characters of the genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFBA295DFF65745EA66287BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFBD2950FF657213A0B78303.text	F220879BFFBD2950FF657213A0B78303.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius Borovec gen. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 760C2CCF-9008-447D-80A9-F40CB9BDA76A</p><p>Figs (3–7, 15–43)</p><p>Type species. Bulirschius tesinskyi Borovec sp. n. by present designation. Gender masculine.</p><p>Diagnosis. Small edaphic Oosomini 1.8–3.1 mm long; rostrum in dorsal view wider than long, at base as wide or slightly wider than at apex; epifrons at base narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes, posteriorly separated from head by moderately wide transverse furrow with ill-defined margins; frons glabrous; antennal sockets dorsally placed, pit-shaped to reniform, in lateral view not reaching eyes; scape at most as wide as club; metatibia with apical surface glabrous and with setose bevel; claws free, divaricate; ventrite 1 at middle as long as ventrites 2–4 combined, ventrite 2 slightly shorter than ventrites 3 and 4 combined; suture between ventrites 1 and 2 straight; female sternite VIII with apodeme terminating inside of plate, plate umbrella-shaped with membranous basal margin.</p><p>Description. Body length 1.75–3.09 mm. Ground colour of body (Figs 3–7) dark brownish to blackish, basal part of scapes, funicles with clubs and tarsi paler, reddish brown. Vestiture of body consisting of very dense appressed scales of different shape, completely hidden integument, only in one species appressed scales somewhat sparse; antennal scapes and legs with similar, but slightly smaller scales; funicles with tarsi sparsely setose, clubs finely densely setose; underside densely or sparsely scaled, abdominal ventrites in several species glabrous. Elytra with one regular row of dense, semi-appressed, subspatulate, spatulate or clavate scales; pronotum and rostrum with head with irregularly scattered identical setae; scapes with moderately long slender erect setae at inner sides; funicles with erect setae; femora and tibiae with short, semi-appressed to erect slender scales; tarsi setose. Colour pattern of body inconspicuous, light or dark brownish, elytra often marbled with small spots, pronotum with 2–3 longitudinal stripes, only in one species appressed scales with green sheen.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 15–24) robust, 1.04–1.40× as wide as long, in dorsal view with concave or straight sides, at apical portion rounded around scrobes, here as wide, exceptionally slightly wider than at base; in lateral view regularly vaulted. Epifrons narrow to wide, at base 0.5–0.7× as wide as rostrum in respective part, mostly with slightly concave sides, at base narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes, dorsally flat or longitudinally slightly depressed, posteriorly separated from head by shallow to deep transverse furrow, moderately wide, with ill-defined margins, at level between anterior and posterior margins of eyes. Epifrons under scales solidly laterally carinated, medially in some species with shallow longitudinal furrow. Frons short to long, glabrous, deepened, posteriorly not carinated, with 4 pairs of fine and long apical setae. Epistome short, U-shaped, posteriorly carinate. Antennal sockets in dorsal view well visible in anterior half of rostrum, pit-shaped to reniform; in lateral view short, placed near dorsal margin of rostrum, somewhat enlarging posteriad, slightly curved, with dorsal margin directed towards dorsal margin of eye and ventral margin towards ventral margin of eye, separated from eye by wide squamose stripe. Vertex almost flat, wide. Head very wide, behind eyes short and distinctly enlarged, when cleared of scales with fine longitudinal ridges converging towards base of rostral median groove, giving vertex a lirate appearance, or densely punctured. Eyes moderately small, weakly convex, hardly or slightly prominent from outline of head in dorsal view, in lateral view placed nearer dorsal margin of head, subcircular. Submentum with pair of fine setae. Mandibles with three fine setae, asquamose. Gena and subgena densely squamose. Submentum with a pair of fine setae.</p><p>Antennae (Figs 3–7) with scape moderately short and robust, 4.4–6.7× as long as at apex wide, 1.2–1.3× as long as funicle, slightly exceeding anterior margin of pronotum when folded, slightly curved at basal third, evenly enlarging apicad, at apex slightly narrower to as wide as club. Funicle with 7 articles; articles 1 and 2 slender, long, conical, articles 3–7 isodiametric to wider than long. Club narrowly to widely spindle-shaped with article 1 longest, comprising half of club length, less setose and more glabrous than other articles.</p><p>Pronotum (Figs 3–7) 1.16–1.78× as wide as long, widest at midlength or slightly behind, with sides rounded, tapering more anteriad than posteriad, behind anterior margin weakly constricted. Disc regularly domed, base slightly arched. Pronotum in lateral view slightly vaulted, flattened behind anterior margin. Anterior margin in lateral view without setae or ocular lobes, directed slightly obliquely ventrad to procoxae. Procoxal cavities contiguous, round, located very near to anterior margin; procoxae subglobular. Scutellar shield dorsally invisible.</p><p>Elytra (Figs 3–7) oval to long oval, 1.13–1.37× as long as wide, widest at midlength, only in one species widest at basal quarter, with sides rounded, apically narrowly to broadly rounded, humeral calli missing, in one species with small, dorsally visible posthumeral callus; apex of elytra not visible in dorsal view, hidden by overhanging slope. Elytra 10-striate, striae punctate, interstriae flat. Elytral profile in lateral view almost flat. Mesocoxae semiglobular, mesosternal process about as wide as a quarter of diameter of mesocoxa, reaching half of mesocoxa length. Metacoxae shortly transverse, placed laterally. Mesanepisterna large, squamose, reaching metaventrite; mesepimera narrow. Metanepisterna narrow, separated from metaventrite, with visible suture.</p><p>Femora medially somewhat swollen, unarmed. Tibiae short, robust, straight; protibia (Fig. 25) 5.2–6.4× as long as at midlength wide, with lateral side straight, apically obliquely subtruncate or rounded, with fringe of fine, in some species sparse, yellowish to blackish setae, inner portion with brownish mucro; meso- and metatibia with short mucro, in two species metatibia lacking mucro; tibiae in some species finely denticulate at apical inner part, prominences mostly hardly visible with incrustation; apical surface of meso- and metatibia glabrous, outside fringed by fine setae, inside armed with short sparse spines, yellowish to blackish; metatibia with densely setose bevel, not fringed outside. Tarsi slender, tarsomere 1 slightly shorter than tarsomeres 2 and 3 combined; tarsomere 2 transverse; tarsomere 3 deeply bilobed and distinctly wider than the others; onychium 0.9–1.6× as long as tarsomere 3; claws free, weakly divaricate.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites (Figs 26–28) short and wide, from 1.1× as long as wide to 1.2× as wide as long, distinctly tapering apicad; ventrite 1 largest, in middle about as long as ventrites 2–4 combined, laterally about 3× longer than ventrite 2; ventrite 2 slightly shorter than ventrites 3 and 4 combined; ventrite 5 in males shorter than 3 and 4 combined, subtrapezoidal, apically obtuse, in females longer than 3 and 4 combined, subtriangular, apically rounded. Sutures straight, suture between ventrite 1 and 2 fine, narrow, the others wide and deep. Ventrites densely squamose with single transverse row of semi-appressed, slender, subspatulate setae, or glabrous with sparse piliform setae. Metaventral process obtuse, narrower than transverse diameter of metacoxa to wide, about 1.5× as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxa.</p><p>Male terminalia. Penis (Figs 29–33) moderately small, slender, temones about twice longer than body of penis; endophallus with 2–3 very short to long, irregularly shaped sclerites. Tegmen (Fig. 34) with short slender parameres, distant at their bases, in one species with long parameres connected at base, in one species lacking parameres; manubrium 1.5× as long as diameter of ring. Sternite IX anteriorly curved with slender apical plate, posteriorly with fused basal arms.</p><p>Female terminalia. Sternite VIII (Figs 40–42) with medium long to long apodeme, 1.6–3.5× as long as plate, terminating inside of plate, near its apex; plate umbrella-shaped, with membraneous basal margin; gonocoxites (Fig. 43) subtriangular, with long and slender apical styli with tuft of fine setae; spermatheca (Figs 35–39) U-shaped, with developed ramus and collum, differing in shape between species.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism. Sexes externally indistinguishable except for slight differences in shape of ventrite 5.</p><p>Derivation of name. This genus is dedicated to Petr Bulirsch (Prague, Czech Republic), eminent specialist on Carabidae, mainly the tribe Scaritini Bonelli, 1810, a good friend of the author, who has participated in 10 field trips to South Africa and provided me with extensive material of sifted broad-nosed weevils.</p><p>Biology. All type material was collected by sifting or into pitfall traps in two different types of habitats: two species were collected from litter in indigenous forests, and three species were collected in fynbos or mountain fynbos.</p><p>Distribution. The genus is native to the Western Cape of South Africa.</p><p>Species included. Five new species described below.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. Bulirschius belongs to the tribe Oosomini based on its free claws, trisetose mandibles, dorsally placed antennal sockets, glabrous frons, lack of ocular lobes and vibrissae on lateral margins of pronotum, lack of laterally protruding humeral elytral calli and the setose bevel of the metatibiae. This genus differs from all other Oosomini in that it includes edaphic species, thus they have characteristics closely connected to a life in forest litter or fynbos soil, such as shortening of extremities, lateral placement of metacoxae with a wide metaventral process between them, and reduced eyes and small body size.</p><p>Bulirschius shares free claws and a small body size with members of the tribe Namaini Borovec &amp; Meregalli, 2021, but it does not belong to this tribe in that the head separated from the rostrum by a shallow, wide, transverse furrow (rostrum posteriorly continuous with head in Namaini), epifrons at base narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes (epifrons at base reaching inner margins of eyes in Namaini), frons glabrous (frons densely squamose in Namaini) and antennal sockets dorsally clearly visible (antennal sockets in dorsal view hardly visible in Namaini).</p><p>Several species of Bulirschius with concave sides of the rostrum resemble several species of the embrithine genus Luciculio Borovec, 2022, a genus known from north-eastern South Africa, in the provinces of Limpopo, Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape and Eswatini. Both genera share the following characters: rostrum separated from head by shallow transverse sulcus, glabrous frons, antennal sockets fully dorsally placed and apical surface of metatibiae glabrous. Both genera are possible to distinguish by the metatibiae with setose bevel in Bulirschius (metatibiae with squamose corbel in Luciculio), tibiae mucronate in Bulirschius (at least in females with mucro and premucro in Luciculio), free claws in Bulirschius (free or connate in Luciculio).</p><p>Bulirschius resembles the embrithine genus Glyptosomus Schoenherr, 1847, of which 11 species are described and another at least 80 or more are undescribed, deposited in various collections. Both genera share small body size, densely squamose body, rostrum short and wide, elytral interstriae with dense row of short, subspatulate setae and in one Bulirschius species with dorsally visible, laterally prominent subhumeral bumps. Glyptosomus is known from the north-eastern part of the southern part of Africa, i.e., South Africa (provinces Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga), Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Bulirschius can be easily distinguished from this genus by claws free (connate in Glyptosomus), metatibiae with setose bevel (squamose corbel in Glyptosomus), frons glabrous (squamose in Glyptosomus), rostrum separated from head by wide, shallow transverse furrow with ill-defined margins (separated by narrow, well-edged transverse sulcus in Glyptosomus), apical surface of metatibiae glabrous (squamose in Glyptosomus) and tegmen with short parameres (lacking parameres in Glyptosomus).</p><p>Within Oosomini, Bulirschius is easily distinguishable from other known genera by a rostrum wider than long, small, laterally placed eyes, short and robust antennal scapes, small body size and densely scaled dorsal body parts. Bulirschius is most similar to Basothorhynchus Borovec, 2019, another genus with an edaphic way of life. Both genera share all the characters stated above, except for the densely scaled body which is glabrous or very sparsely scaled in Basothorhynchus . It is possible to distinguish Bulirschius from Basothorhynchus by the following characters: Bulirschius: All femora edentate; epifrons at base narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes; rostrum posteriorly separated from head by transverse furrow; ventral margin of rostrum in lateral view distinctly shorter than thickness of rostrum at its base; slope of elytral declivity distinctly overhanging apices of elytra in dorsal view; ventrite 1 in middle about as long as ventrites 2–4 combined; female sternite VIII with apodeme distinctly longer than small plate. Basothorhynchus: Femora with tooth; base of epifrons as wide as space between anterior margins of eyes; rostrum posteriorly continuous with head; ventral margin of rostrum in lateral view as long as thickness of rostrum at its base; slope of elytral declivity hardly overhanging apices of elytra in dorsal view; ventrite 1 in middle distinctly shorter than ventrites 2–4 combined; female sternite VIII with apodeme subequal in length with large plate.</p><p>A key to Oosomini genera containing species with a terricolous life style and smaller than 3.50 mm, including Bulirschius, is given below in the description of the other new genus of Oosomini .</p><p>Remarks about intrageneric variability. The genus is well defined by the characters stated above, which allow it to be separated from other genera of Oosomini . Some characters vary within Bulirschius: abdominal ventrites are either densely squamose (2 species) or glabrous, sparsely covered by piliform setae (3 species); metaventral process is distinctly wider than transverse diameter of metacoxa (3 species) or slightly narrower than its diameter (2 species); two species have metatibiae without mucro, while others have metatibiae with long mucro; all species have tegmen with short, inconspicuous parameres, while one species has long parameres connected at the base and one species has the ring of tegmen lacking parameres; one species has plate of female sternite VIII with longitudinal sclerites, while all other species have plates without sclerites. Future research on additional new species can help determine if these differences allow for the placement of these species in two different genera.</p><p>Key to Bulirschius species</p><p>1. Appressed scales on dorsal part of body sparse, not covering integument; on elytra shallowly, on pronotum and head with rostrum deeply bifid, their emargination reaching half of scale length. Appressed scales form greenish spots with metallic sheen. Erect setae long, clavate, distinctly prominent from outline of elytra and pronotum in dorsal view. Body size 2.1–2.6 mm .................................................................... B. dyssomatiformis Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>- Appressed scales on dorsal part of body dense, fully covering integument; regularly rounded or oval, not bifid. Appressed scales brownish without metallic sheen. Erect setae short, subspatulate or spatulate, not prominent from outline of elytra and pronotum in dorsal view......................................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Elytra widest at basal quarter with laterally prominent subhumeral bumps, visible in dorsal view. Rostrum in apical portion slightly wider than at base. Antennal scapes with tip subequal in width with clubs. Body size 2.2–3.1 mm ............................................................................................. B. tesinskyi Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>- Elytra widest at midlength, lacking subhumeral bumps. Rostrum in apical portion as wide as at base. Antennal scapes with tip narrower than clubs.................................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Rostrum slender, 1.04–1.09× as wide as long, with distinctly concave sides. Eyes not prominent from outline of head. Elytra elongate, at least 1.32× as long as wide. Metaventral process 1.5× as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxa. Spermatheca with ramus and collum subparallel to each other, subequal in length. Body size 1.8–2.5 mm .... B. ruiterbos Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>- Rostrum wider, at least 1.31× as wide as long, subparallel-sided with straight sides. Eyes prominent from outline of head. Elytra wider, at most 1.32× as long as wide. Metaventral process narrower than transverse diameter of metacoxa. Spermatheca with ramus perpendicular to distinctly longer collum............................................................. 4</p><p>4. Body wide, pronotum 1.7–1.8× as wide as long, elytra oval, at most 1.16× as long as wide. Semi-erect elytral setae densely placed in rows, distance between them shorter than length of one seta. Furrow between head and rostrum at level of anterior eyes margins. Abdominal ventrites glabrous. Onychium longer than tarsomere 3. Plate of female sternite VIII lacking sclerites. Body size 1.9–2.8 mm .......................................................... B. densatus Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>- Body narrow, pronotum 1.1–1.2× as wide as long, elytra long oval, at least 1.28× as long as wide. Semi-erect elytral setae sparsely placed in rows, distance between them at least 3× as long as length of one seta. Furrow between head and rostrum at level of posterior eyes margins. Abdominal ventrites squamose. Onychium shorter than tarsomere 3. Plate of female sternite VIII with longitudinal sclerites. Body size 1.9–2.2 mm .............................. B. inconspicuus Borovec, sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFBD2950FF657213A0B78303	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFB02953FF6577B6A15B828C.text	F220879BFFB02953FF6577B6A15B828C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius densatus Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius densatus Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs (3, 15, 16, 26, 29, 35, 40)</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2FC57B58-03F7-46C4-9C5D-5B7BC456C0DC</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, Swartberge, Blesberg .</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, S. Afr. [South Africa, Western Cape], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.41&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.41/lat -23.25)">Swartberge Blesberg</a> - E, 23.25 S – 22.41 E, 2000 m, 6.xii.1978, E-Y: 1532, groundtraps, 76 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, groundtraps with fermented banana bait (TMSA) . Paratypes: 6 specs., same data as holotype; 6 specs., same data as holotype, but 5.xi.1978, E-Y: 1505, 41 days, groundtraps with meat bait; 1 spec., same data as holotype, but 1820 m, 33.25 S – 22.40 E, 17.xii.1978, E-Y: 1536, 75 days, groundtraps with feces bait; 16 specs., same data as holotype, but 6.xi.1978, E-Y: 1510, sifted, fynbos; 1 spec., same data as holotype, but 4.xi.1978, E-Y: 1504, collected at night (all TMSA, 1 spec. RBSC) .</p><p>Note. The coordinates are likely erroneous and should be 33°25′ S, as this latitude places the locality in Groot Swartberg Nature Reserve in the Western Cape, while 23°25′ S places locality in Botswana at an elevation of 1100 m and out of fynbos habitat. Correct coordinates 33°25′ S are stated on only one specimen from the type series.</p><p>Diagnosis. Elytra with one dense regular row of semi-erect setae on each interstria, distance between two setae slightly shorter than length of one seta; rostrum and epifrons subparallel-sided with straight sides; pronotum and elytra wide and short; abdominal ventrites glabrous; metaventral process narrow.</p><p>Description. Body length 1.88–2.75 mm, holotype 2.13 mm. Body (Fig. 3) dark brownish to blackish, basal part of antennal scapes and funicles paler, reddish brown. The whole dorsal part of body densely covered by rounded appressed scales, fully covered integument, 4 scales across width of one interstria. Elytra with one dense regular row of semi-erect setae, slightly longer on posterior declivity than on disc, subspatulate, on declivity slightly longer than half width of interstria, distance between two setae slightly shorter than length of one seta. Pronotum and head with rostrum with similar setae, shorter than those on elytral disc, very densely irregularly scattered. Vestiture of appressed and semi-erect setae blackish, lacking any spots.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs. 15, 16) short, 1.33–1.40× as wide as long, subparallel-sided, at base as wide as at apex, with straight sides. Epifrons narrow, subparallel-sided with straight sides, at base 0.6× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally flat, posteriorly with moderately deep transverse furrow at level of anterior eyes margins. Frons very short, deepened, matt, punctured. Eyes in dorsal view well prominent from outline of head. Head under scales densely punctured.</p><p>Antennal scape (Fig. 3) 5.61–5.80× as long as wide at apex, here 0.9× as wide as club. Funicle with article 1 1.8–2.0× as long as wide and 1.1× as long as slenderer article 2, this is 1.8–2.0× as long as wide; articles 3–6 1.2–1.3× as wide as long; article 7 1.3–1.4× as wide as long; clubs 1.5–1.6× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 3) very wide and short, 1.67–1.78× as wide as long, widest at posterior third with distinctly rounded sides, conspicuously more tapering anteriad than posteriad; disc regularly domed; base slightly arched.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 3) oval, wide, 1.13–1.16× as long as wide, widest at midlength with regularly rounded sides, apically broadly rounded; striae narrowly punctured, hardly visible under appressed scales; interstriae flat; subhumeral calli missing.</p><p>Tibiae short, 5.2–5.6× as long as wide at midlength; protibiae apically rounded with sparse fringe of fine and short black setae; all tibiae with long brown mucro. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.5–1.6× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4–1.5× as wide as long and 1.3× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium of protarsi 1.2–1.3× as long as tarsomere 3, of metatarsi 1.3–1.4×.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites (Fig. 26) 1.09–1.12× as wide as long, glabrous. Metaventral process narrower than transverse diameter of metacoxa.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 29) moderately long and slender, slightly evenly enlarging apicad with straight sides, apical part regularly subtriangular with straight sides, tip narrowly rounded; in lateral view evenly enlarging apicad, widest at apical part, tip shortly elongated; endophallus with two sclerites, short, subequal in length. Tegmen with long parameres based at base.</p><p>Sternite VIII (Fig.40)with short apodeme, widest at midlength, 1.6× as long as plate; plate narrowly subtriangular, 1.6–1.7× as long as wide, pointed. Gonocoxites evenly tapering apicad, with long apical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 35) with wide, regularly curved and pointed cornu; corpus elongated; ramus small, wider than long, rounded; nodulus distinctly longer and wider than ramus, about twice as long as wide at base, at middle curved outside.</p><p>Derivation of name. Dense regular rows of erect setae on all elytral interstriae suggested the Latin name of this new species.</p><p>Biology. Type material was collected by sifting or use of pitfall traps in fynbos.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa (Western Cape).</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Bulirschius densatus is similar to B. ruiterbos and B. inconspicuus in the elytra lacking subhumeral bumps, rostrum in apical portion at most as wide as the base, dense, regularly rounded appressed scales, erect setae short, subspatulate, not prominent from the outline of body in dorsal view. It differs from both of these species by having a wide body, wide and short pronotum and elytra with dense semi-erect elytral setae. It differs from B. ruiterbos also by short and wide rostrum with straight sides, eyes prominent from outline of head and narrow metaventral process; from B. inconspicuus also by transverse furrow between head and rostrum at level of anterior eye margins, abdominal ventrites glabrous, long onychium and plate of female sternite VIII lacking sclerites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB02953FF6577B6A15B828C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFB22955FF65719AA50886F7.text	F220879BFFB22955FF65719AA50886F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius dysommatiformis Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius dysommatiformis Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1ED3AB04-1E15-474B-B6C5-5EF9C552ABA1</p><p>Figs (4, 17, 18, 30, 36)</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, S of Outeniqua pass.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, RSA [South Africa], Western Cape, S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.401667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.06333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.401667/lat -33.06333)">Outeniqua</a> pass, 33°3.8′ S, 22°24.1′ E, 7.ii.2012, indigenous forest, sifting, J. Janák lgt. (TMSA) . Paratypes: 27 specs., same data as holotype (JJRC); 47 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.883335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.4/lat -33.883335)">2 km S of Outeniqua</a> pass, 33°53′ S, 22°24′ E, fynbos sifting, 5.xii.2009, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC, RBSC) ; 5 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, S <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.401667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.896667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.401667/lat -33.896667)">Outeniqua</a> pass, indig. forest, 33°53.8′ S, 22°24.1′ E, 730 m, 15.xi.2021, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 13 specs., S. Afr., S. Cape [Western Cape], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.23&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.53" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.23/lat -33.53)">Mt. Outenikwa Pass</a>, 33.53 S - 22.23 E, 4.xi.1978, E-Y: 1502, indigen. for. litter, leg. Endrödy-Younga (TMSA) ; 38 specs., South Africa, W [Western] Cape, Bosman r. banks below <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.0225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.91" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.0225/lat -33.91)">Robinson</a> pass, 33°54.6′ S, 22°1.35′ E, 22.xi.2022, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 192 specs., South Africa, W. [Western] Cape, below <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.428333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.8875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.428333/lat -33.8875)">Montagu</a> pass, 33°53.25′ S, 22°25.7′ E, 24.xi.2022, ind. forest, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC, RBSC) ; 3 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.883335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.45/lat -33.883335)">2 km S of Montagu Pass</a>, 33°53′ S, 22°27′ E, 5.xii.2009, indig. forest sifting, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 1 spec., S. Afr., S. Cape [Western Cape], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.28&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.58" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.28/lat -33.58)">George</a>, 33.58 S - 22.28 E, 4.ix.1978, E-Y: 1832, sifted for. litter, leg. Endrödy-Younga (TMSA) ; 31 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, near George, Keur <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.420555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.90889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.420555/lat -33.90889)">River Bridge</a>, 33°54′32″ S, 23°25′14″ E, 7.xi. 2005, 450 m, G. Osella leg. (MSNV) ; 5 specs., South Africa, W [Western] Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.420555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.91417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.420555/lat -33.91417)">Keur River</a> Bridge, 33°54′51″ S 22°25′14″ E, 430 m, 7.xi.2005, E. Colonnelli lgt. (ECRI) ; 1 spec., South Africa, Western Cape, Harkerville Forest, Kranshoek, 34°06′25″ S, 23°13′66″ E, 8.xi.2005, G. Osella leg. (MSNV) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Appressed scales on dorsal part of body sparse, subtriangular, apically bifid; erect setae on dorsal part of body clavate, apically truncated, conspicuously laterally prominent; abdominal ventrites glabrous; penis apically rounded; spermatheca with collum very long, 5× as long as wide, tube-shaped.</p><p>Description. Body length 2.09–2.63 mm, holotype 2.51 mm. Body (Fig. 4) dark brown, basal half of scapes, funicles with clubs, apical portions of tibiae and tarsi paler, reddish brown. Appressed scales on dorsal part of body sparse, not covering integument, leaving space between scales subequal to width of one scale; scales on elytra subtriangular, apically bifid, their emargination not reaching half of scale length, 4 across width of one interstria, on pronotum and head with rostrum scales deeply bifid, their emargination reaching half of scale length, V-shaped; femora also with deeply bifid scales, tibiae with piliform appressed setae; elytra marbled with spots of dark brownish, hardly visible spots and contrasting light spots of greenish scales with metallic sheen; pronotum with three wide longitudinal stripes from greenish spots, median stripe slightly rounded. Elytra with conspicuous erect setae, as long as width of one interstria, forming one dense row on each interstria, clavate, apically truncated, blackish, distance between two setae about as long as length of one seta; pronotum and head with rostrum with identical erect conspicuous setae, irregularly scattered, slightly shorter on head with rostrum.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 17, 18) 1.09–1.13× as wide as long, at base 1.06–1.09× as wide as at apex, in short basal part tapered anteriad, then slightly evenly enlarged apicad with almost straight sides. Epifrons narrow, subparallel-sided, at base 0.5× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally slightly longitudinally deepened. Frons long, posteriorly reaching antennal insertions, deepened, smooth. Eyes in dorsal view not prominent from outline of head. Head under scales with regular longitudinal ridges converging towards median ridge separated by narrow grooves, giving vertex a lirate appearance.</p><p>Antennal scape (Fig. 4) 6.34–6.67× as long as wide at apex, in apical part 0.7–0.8× as wide as club. Funicle slender, article 1 1.8–2.0× as long as wide and 1.3× as long as article 2, this is 1.8–1.9× as long as wide; articles 3 and 4 1.1–1.2× as long as wide; articles 5 and 6 isodiametric; article 7 1.1× as wide as long; clubs 1.6–1.8× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 4) 1.50–1.56× as wide as long, widest at basal third, with rounded sides, behind anterior margin slightly constricted and flattened, with anterior margin distinctly narrower than posterior one; disc regularly domed; pronotum in lateral view slightly vaulted, flat in anterior portion. Disc under scales finely, densely, regularly punctured.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 4) oval, 1.24–1.29× as long as wide, widest at midlength, with regularly rounded sides; striae somewhat deepened, punctured; subhumeral calli missing.</p><p>Tibiae moderately slender, 6.2–6.4× as long as at midlength wide; protibiae apically obliquely subtruncate, fringed with very fine yellow setae, indistinctly finely denticulate in apical half of length of inner margin; pro- and mesotibiae with short mucro, metatibiae not mucronate. Tarsi moderately slender with tarsomere 2 1.2–1.3× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.3–1.4× as wide as long and 1.4× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium of protarsi 1.3–1.4× as long as tarsomere 3; of metatarsi 1.5–1.6×.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites as long as wide, glabrous, finely and sparsely punctured. Metaventral process almost twice as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxae.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 30) short, widest at base, slightly evenly tapered apicad, apically rounded; in lateral view slightly curved, slender, apically rounded; endophallus with two moderately wide sclerites, one long and one short. Tegmen without parameres.</p><p>Sternite VIII with long and slender apodeme 3.5× as long as plate and moderately small isodiametric plate, apically rounded. Gonocoxites long and slender, evenly tapering apicad with short subapical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 36) irregularly curved, moderately large; cornu long, straight; corpus elongate, distinctly curved; ramus short, isodiametric; collum very long, 5× as long as wide, tube-shaped, slightly curved.</p><p>Derivation of name. The new species takes its name from its similarity to several species of the Peritelini genus Dysommatus Marshall, 1933 . Both genera share sparse, conspicuous, clavate erect setae on the entire dorsal part of the body.</p><p>Biology. Type material was collected by sifting of litter in indigenous forest.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa (Western Cape).</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Bulirschius dysommatiformis is easily distinguishable from all other species of the genus by long, erect, clavate setae on the entire dorsal part of body and also by sparse, subtriangular, slightly bifid appressed elytral scales with a week metallic sheen, scales on pronotum and head (including rostrum) deeply bifid, V-shaped.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB22955FF65719AA50886F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFB52954FF6572CAA54E807B.text	F220879BFFB52954FF6572CAA54E807B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius inconspicuus Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius inconspicuus Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BF376C2B-8E79-4510-B70B-BA941DB4E448</p><p>Figs (5, 19, 20, 31, 37, 41)</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, Cederberg Mts., Jeep track.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, S. Afr., Cape [South Africa, Western Cape], Cederbg. [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.24" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.1/lat -32.24)">Cederberg Mts</a>.], Jeep track, 32.24 S – 19.10 E, 1380 m, 1.ix.1981, E-Y: 1878, groundtraps, 63 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, groundtrap with feces bait (TMSA) . Paratypes: 6 specs., same data as holotype; 3 specs., S. Afr., Cape [South Africa, Western Cape], Cederbg. [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.08&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.23" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.08/lat -32.23)">Cederberg Mts</a>.], Jeep track, 32.23 S – 19.08 E, 1550 m, 1.ix.1981, E-Y: 1875, groundtraps, 63 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, groundtrap with feces bait (all TMSA, 1 spec. RBSC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body small, up to 2.2 mm, narrow; rostrum and epifrons subparallel-sided, at base as wide as at apex, with straight sides; furrow between head and rostrum at level of posterior eyes margins; abdominal ventrites squamose; metaventral process narrow; female sternite VIII with longitudinal sclerites.</p><p>Description. Body length 1.88–2.19 mm, holotype 1.91 mm. Body (Fig. 5) dark brown to blackish, antennal funicles, tibiae and tarsi slightly paler, reddish brown. The entire body densely covered with rounded appressed scales, very shortly fringed on circumference, completely covered integument, 4 across width of one interstria. Elytra with one regular row subspatulate, inconspicuous setae, semi-appressed on disc and semi-erect on posterior declivity, on declivity slightly longer than half width of interstria, distance between two setae 3–4x as long as length of one seta. Pronotum and head with rostrum with distinctly shorter, spatulate, semi-appressed setae, irregularly scattered. Vestiture light brownish, setae dark brown.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 19, 20) short, 1.31–1.35× as wide as long, subparallel-sided, at base as wide as at apex, with straight sides. Epifrons narrow, subparallel-sided, at base 0.5× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally flat, with deep transverse furrow at level of posterior eyes margins. Frons very short, matt, densely punctate, forming narrow stripe behind epistome. Eyes in dorsal view slightly prominent from outline of head. Head and epifrons under scales densely punctured, furrow between rostrum and head deep, well visible also in lateral view, but with ill-defined margins.</p><p>Antennal (Fig. 5) scape short, 4.67–4.83× as long as at apex wide, in apical part 0.9× as wide as club. Funicle robust, article 1 1.4–1.5× as long as wide and 1.8–2.0× as long as short article 2, this is 1.1–1.2× as long as wide; article 3 1.6–1.7× as wide as long; articles 4–6 1.8–1.9× as wide as long; article 7 2.1–2.2× as wide as long; club 1.5–1.7× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 5) 1.16–1.22× as wide as long, widest at posterior third, with regularly rounded sides, weakly constricted behind anterior margin; disc regularly domed; base arched; pronotum in lateral view slightly vaulted, flattened behind anterior margin.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 5) long oval, 1.28–1.32× as long as wide, widest at midlength, with regularly rounded sides; striae narrow; interstriae flat; subhumeral calli missing.</p><p>Tibiae short, 5.5–5.8× as long as at midlength wide; protibiae apically obliquely subtruncated with sparse fringe of short blackish setae, indistinctly finely denticulate on inner margin in apical half; all tibiae with long, slender light brown mucro. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.6–1.7× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4–1.5× as wide as long and 1.3–1.4× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium short, 0.8–0.9× as long as tarsomere 3.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites 1.08–1.11× as long as wide, densely squamose. Metaventral process narrow, slightly narrower than transverse diameter of metacoxa.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 31) short, widest at base, slightly evenly tapering apicad with straight sides; apex subtriangular with distinctly concave sides; tip rounded; in lateral view slightly curved, widest at apical quarter, tip narrow, destinctly elongate. Endophallus with two sclerites, one V-shaped, second slightly shorter, straight. Tegmen with short parameres.</p><p>Sternite VIII (Fig.41) with short apodeme, widest at middle, 1.3–1.4× as long as plate; plate slender, subtriangular, distinctly pointed, 1.5–1.6× as long as wide with distinct, V-shaped longitudinal sclerites. Gonocoxites short, subtriangular, with long apical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 37) with regularly curved slender cornu; corpus slender, elongate; ramus short, slightly longer than wide; collum straight, perpendicular to ramus, longer than ramus and twice as long as at base wide, narrowing apicad.</p><p>Derivation of name. The small body size, inconspicuous colour of the vestiture and shape of setae and also the lack of any other striking character suggested the Latin name of this new species.</p><p>Biology. Type material was collected to pitfall traps in mountain fynbos.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa (Western Cape).</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Bulirschius inconspicuus is similar to B. ruiterbos and B. densatus in the elytra lacking subhumeral bumps, rostrum in apical portion at most as wide as the base, dense, regularly rounded appressed scales, erect setae short, subspatulate, not prominent from the outline of the body in dorsal view. It differs from both these species by having a transverse furrow between head and rostrum at level of posterior eye margins, abdominal ventrites squamose and plate of female sternite VIII with longitudinal sclerites. From B. ruiterbos it differs by a short and wide rostrum with straight sides, eyes prominent from the outline of the head and a narrow metaventral process; from B. densatus it differs by longer and more slender pronotum and elytra, sparse erect elytral setae and short onychium.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB52954FF6572CAA54E807B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFB42957FF65745EA6BB8397.text	F220879BFFB42957FF65745EA6BB8397.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius ruiterbos Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius ruiterbos Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 754FB435-839B-4635-ADBC-07F381609F65</p><p>Figs (6, 21, 22, 27, 32, 38)</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, Ca 3 km S of Robinson Pass.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, South Africa, Western Cape, ca 3 km S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.021667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.896667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.021667/lat -33.896667)">Robinson Pass</a>, 33°53.8′ S, 22°01.3′ E, 17.x.2017, 720 m, fynbos, J. Janák lgt. (TMSA) . Paratypes: 3 specs., same data as holotype (JJRC); 11 specs., RSA, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.031183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.87295" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.031183/lat -33.87295)">Robinson Pass</a>, 33°52.377′ S, 22°01.871′ E, 25.x. 2019, 858 m, R. Borovec lgt., sifting of roots under ground leafs of different small plants in fynbos (BMNH, CMNC, NMPC, RBSC, SANC) ; 3 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.033333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.033333/lat -33.9)">2-4 km S of Robinson Pass</a>, 33°54′ S, 22°02′ E, 6.xii.2009, fynbos sifting, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 5 specs., S. Afr. [Western Cape], Outeniqua Mt., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.01&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.53" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.01/lat -33.53)">Ruitersbos</a>, 33.53 S – 22.01 E, 15.viii.1979, E-Y: 1646, 1000 m, sifted, leg. Breytenbach (TMSA) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Rostrum slender, in dorsal view with distinctly concave sides; eyes not prominent from outline of head; elytra elongate; spermatheca with ramus and collum subequal in length, subparallel.</p><p>Description. Body length 1.75–2.53 mm, holotype 2.19 mm. Body (Fig. 6) blackish, basal part of scapes and tarsi slightly paler, brown. The entire dorsal part of body densely covered with regularly rounded appressed scales, fully covering integument, 4 across width of one interstria. Elytra with one regular row of inconspicuous, semi-appressed setae on each interstria, setae visible mainly in lateral view, subspatulate, about as long as half width of one interstria, distance between two setae about twice longer than length of one seta. Pronotum and head with rostrum with similar setae as those on elytral disc, densely irregularly scattered. Vestiture dark, marbled with light rusty brown and dark brown scales, elytral interstriae 4–7 with small, scattered spots of white scales, pronotum with only several small spots of white scales, forming three incomplete longitudinal slender stripes, semi-appressed setae dark brown with only several scattered grey scales.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 21, 22) 1.04–1.09× as wide as long, at base subequal in width as at apex, with distinctly concave sides, tapering from base to midlength and then distinctly rounded around antennal insertions. Epifrons narrow, slightly tapering basad, at base narrowest and here 0.5× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally longitudinally depressed, posteriorly with shallow transverse furrow at level of anterior eyes margins. Frons moderately long, deepened, matt, finely punctate. Eyes in dorsal view not prominent from outline of head. Head under scales with regular longitudinal ridges converging towards median ridge separated by narrow grooves, giving vertex a lirate appearance.</p><p>Antennal scape (Fig. 6) short, 4.43–4.88× as long as wide at apex, in apical part 0.9× as wide as club. Funicle moderately robust, article 1 1.6–1.7× as long as wide and 1.1–1.2× as long as article 2, this is 1.6–1.8× as long as wide; articles 3–6 1.2–1.3× as wide as long; article 7 1.4× as wide as long; club 1.6–1.7× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 6) moderately narrow, 1.28–1.32× as wide as long, widest at midlength with regularly rounded sides, slightly more tapering anteriad than posteriad; disc regularly domed; base arched.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 6) long oval, 1.32–1.37× as long as wide, widest at midlength, with slightly regularly rounded sides; striae narrow; interstriae flat; subhumeral calli missing.</p><p>Tibiae short, moderately robust, 5.4–5.8× as long as at midlength wide; protibiae apically rounded with fringe of short and fine brown setae, indistinctly finely denticulate on inner margin in apical half; all tibiae with long slender mucro. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.5–1.6× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4× as wide as long and 1.3–1.4× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium of protarsi 0.9–1.0× as long as tarsomere 3, of metatarsi 1.2–1.3×.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites (Fig. 27) 1.03–1.06× as wide as long, glabrous, finely, sparsely punctured. Metaventral process 1.5× as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxa.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 32) medium long, subparallel-sided along entire length with slightly rounded sides, short apical portion subtriangular with slightly concave sides before narrowly rounded tip; in lateral view slightly curved and tapering apicad, tip slightly curved outside; endophallus with two slender sclerites, different in length. Tegmen with two short, translucent, hardly visible parameres.</p><p>Sternite VIII with short apodeme widest at midlength, 1.7–1.9× as long as plate; plate slender, long, subtriangular, pointed, 1.3–1.4× as long as wide. Gonocoxites short and wide with long apical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 38) Ushaped; cornu straight; corpus slender, elongate; ramus and collum subequal in width and length, subparallel to each other.</p><p>Derivation of name. The Latin name refers to the locality where the majority of the type material was collected, to the historical name of Robinson Pass, which was amended to Ruiterbos Pass (Ruiterbosch Pass, or Brandwaghoogte), because Ruiterbos was regarded as the start of the pass.</p><p>Biology. This species apparently lives in fynbos. Part of the type material was collected by sifting of detritus below ground leaf rosettes of various plants and the remaining part of the type material stated “fynbos” on locality labels.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa (Western Cape).</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Bulirschius ruiterbos is similar to B. inconspicuus and B. densatus in the elytra lacking subhumeral bumps, rostrum in apical portion at most as wide as at base, dense, regularly rounded appressed scales, erect setae short, subspatulate, not prominent from the outline of the body in dorsal view. It differs from both of these species by having a slender rostrum with distinctly concave sides, eyes not prominent from the outline of the head, elongate elytra, metaventral process distinctly wider than transverse diameter of metacoxa and spermatheca with equally long, subparallel ramus and collum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB42957FF65745EA6BB8397	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFB72948FF65763FA10F879A.text	F220879BFFB72948FF65763FA10F879A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulirschius tesinskyi Borovec 2025	<div><p>Bulirschius tesinskyi Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9D7D99BE-F170-4806-B226-2A87846DF280</p><p>Figs (7, 23, 24, 25, 28, 33, 34, 39, 42, 43)</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, Marloth NR, Duiwelsbos.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, RSA [South Africa], Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.993332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.46/lat -33.993332)">Marloth NR</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.993332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.46/lat -33.993332)">Duiwelsbos</a>, indig. forest, 33°59.6′ S 20°27.6′ E, 22.x.2013, P. Bulirsch lgt. (TMSA) . Paratypes: 119 specs., same data as holotype (BMNH, CMNC, JGLU, NMPC, RBSC, SANC); 26 specs., ditto, but J. Janák lgt. (JJRC); 2 specs., ditto, but 25.x.2019, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC); 10 specs., ditto but 28.xi.2022, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC); 45 specs., RSA [South Africa], Western Cape, Marloth NR, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.451666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.991665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.451666/lat -33.991665)">Koloniesbos</a>, indig. forest, 33°59.5′ S 20°27.1′ E, 22.x.2013, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC) ; 83 specs., ditto but J. Janák lgt. (JJRC); 130 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.476667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.991665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.476667/lat -33.991665)">Marloth NR</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.476667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.991665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.476667/lat -33.991665)">Wamakersbos</a>, ca 33°59.5′ S 20°28.6′ E, 23.i.2020, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC) ; 1 spec., South Africa, Western Cape, Marloth NR, Koringlandsrivier banks, 33°59.9′ S 20°27.2-4′ E, 20-27.x.2019, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC) ; 99 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, Swellendam, Marloth Nat. Res., 34°00′75″ S 20°27′34″ E, 6.xi.2005, G. Osella lgt. (MSNV); 112 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, Swellendam, Marloth Nat. Res., 34°00′75″ S 20°27′34″ E, 500 m, 15.xi.2005, G. Osella lgt. (MSNV); 136 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, Swellendam, Marloth Reserve, 19.xi.2007, G. Osella lgt. (MSNV) ; 11 specs., ZA [South Africa], W [Western] Cape, Swellendam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.438332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.982777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.438332/lat -33.982777)">Marloth</a> N. R., 33°58′58″ S 20°26′18″ E, 400 m, 19.xi.2007, E. Colonnelli lgt. (ECRI) ; 2 specs., ZA [South Africa], W [Western] Cape, Swellendam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.438332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.982777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.438332/lat -33.982777)">Marloth</a> n. r., waterfall, 33°58′58″ S 20°26′18″ E, 450 m, 6.xi.2005, sifting, E. Colonnelli lgt. (ECRI) ; 4 specs., ZA [South Africa], W [Western] Cape, Swellendam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.438332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.982777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.438332/lat -33.982777)">Marloth</a> n. r., waterfall, 33°58′58″ S 20°26′18″ E, 450 m, 14.xi.2005, sifting, E. Colonnelli lgt. (ECRI) ; 1 spec., RSA [South Africa], W. [Western] Cape Pr., Swellendam, Marloth Nature Reserve, Doktorsbos, 300 m, afro-montane forest, ex. f.i.t., 17-31.xii.1997, S.&amp;J. Peck lgt., S&amp;JP 1997-83 (CMNC) ; 2 specs., ditto, but Koloniesbos instead of Doktorsbos and S&amp;JP 1997-81 (CMNC) ; 4 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, Hottentots Holland NR borders, Mt. Rochelle – Perdekloof, nr. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.163334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.90333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.163334/lat -33.90333)">Franschhoek</a> pass, 33°54.2′ S, 19°9.8′ E, 26.x.2013, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 3 specs., ditto but P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC); 2 specs., South Africa, Western Cape, Grootvaderbosch NR, creek banks, 33°58.95′ S 20°49.75′ E, 24.i.2020, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Rostrum widest in apical portion, with concave sides; antennal scapes with tip subequal in width with clubs; elytra widest at basal quarter, with laterally prominent posthumeral callus.</p><p>Description. Body length 2.18–3.09 mm, holotype 2.25 mm. Body (Fig. 7) dark brownish, basal part of scapes, entire funicles with clubs and tarsi paler, reddish brown, tibial setae yellowish. Appressed scales covering entire body irregularly oval to partially angular, shortly fringed on circumference, about 3–4 across width of one interstria. Semi-appressed scales on inner six interstriae of elytra short, spatulate, distinctly enlarging distad, forming one dense regular row on each interstria, about as long as half width of one interstria, distance between two setae about twice longer than their length. Pronotum and head with rostrum with similar semi-appressed setae, densely irregularly scattered, hardly visible primarily in lateral view. Elytral vestiture marbled with small spots of light and dark brownish scales, pronotum with two longitudinal wide stripes.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 23, 24) 1.12–1.18× as wide as long, in dorsal view with concave sides, in apical portion widest, rounded around scrobes, here 1.04–1.07× as wide as at base. Epifrons moderately wide, subparallel-sided, at base 0.7× as wide as rostrum in relevant part, dorsally with longitudinal furrow. Frons short, deepened, smooth. Eyes in dorsal view hardly prominent from outline of head. Head under scales with fine longitudinal ridges converging towards median ridge separated by narrow grooves, giving vertex a lirate appearance.</p><p>Antennal scape (Fig. 7) 5.25–5.56× as long as wide at tip, in apical part as wide as club. Funicle slender, article 1 1.8× as long as wide and as long to 1.1× as long as article 2, this is 2.0–2.2× as long as wide; articles 3–6 isodiametric; article 7 1.1× as wide as long; clubs spindle-shaped, 1.8–1.9× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 7) 1.38–1.42× as wide as long, widest at posterior third, with sides rounded, distinctly more tapering anteriad than posteriad, behind anterior margin weakly constricted. Disc regularly domed, with hardly visible, slender median longitudinal furrow along the entire length.</p><p>Elytra (Fig. 7) long oval, 1.31–1.37× as long as wide, widest at basal quarter; interstria 9 with small posthumeral callus, laterally prominent, dorsally visible; interstriae 3, 5 and 7 in short basal part slightly more elevated.</p><p>Tibiae (Fig. 25) robust, 5.3–5.7× as long as at midlength wide; protibiae apically obliquely subtruncated, fringed with fine, moderaly long and dense, yellowish setae, indistinctly finely denticulate in apical half of length of inner margin; mesotibiae with long mucro, metatibiae with very short, unobtrusive mucro. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.6–1.7× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.3–1.4× as wide as long and 1.4× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium of protarsi 1.1–1.2× as long as tarsomere 3, of metatarsi 1.3–1.4×.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites (Fig. 28) short and wide, 1.1–1.2× as wide as long, densely squamose. Metaventral process 1.5× as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxa.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 33) slender, subparallel-sided, apically broadly rounded with small median tip; in lateral view weakly regularly curved, slightly evenly tapering apicad and basad, with only indistinctly separated short tip; endophallus with three very short, irregularly shaped sclerites. Tegmen (Fig. 34) with short parameres.</p><p>Sternite VIII (Fig. 42) with apodeme 2.8–3.1× as long as plate; plate about as long as wide, apically rounded. Gonocoxites (Fig. 43) subtriangular with long apical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 39) with long and only weakly curved cornu; corpus rounded with small top bump behind collum; ramus oval, about 1.5 × as long as wide; collum distinctly shorter and narrower than ramus, tubular-shaped, slightly obliquelly placed.</p><p>Derivation of name. The newly described species is dedicated to Marek Těšínský (Prague, Czech Republic), who accompanied Petr Bulirsch on his two trips to South Africa and helped him during the collection of material, including most types.</p><p>Biology. Type material was sifted from forest litter in indigenous forest.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa (Western Cape).Almost all material of this species was collected by several collectors in the Marloth Nature Reserve, the majestic Swellendam Mountains, which is predominantly mountain fynbos with patches of forest. The species seems to be very abundant there.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. This is an unusual species, very easily separated and different from all others by the following set of unique characters: elytra with laterally prominent subhumeral bumps visible in dorsal view, rostrum in apical portion slightly wider than at base and antennal scapes with tip subequal in width with clubs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFB72948FF65763FA10F879A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFA8294CFF65760AA19D84A4.text	F220879BFFA8294CFF65760AA19D84A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kostalius Borovec 2025	<div><p>Kostalius Borovec, gen. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EA0DC52A-B9FB-4A3E-BA3D-2144F09D4983</p><p>Figs (8–12, 44–57)</p><p>Type species. Kostalius rotundisetis Borovec, sp. nov. by present designation. Gender masculine.</p><p>Diagnosis. Small, edaphic, wingless Oosomini, body length 1.9–3.3 mm. Sparse, perpendicularly erect piliform setae on dorsal part of body isolated, not covering integument; rostrum distinctly wider than long; epifrons wide, at base as wide as distance between inner margins of eyes; frons very short, glabrous; mandibles trisetose; scrobes in lateral view directed towards eye; eyes small, placed in middle of head; subgena in middle glabrous; scapes abruptly enlarged, at apex distinctly wider than clubs; pronotum with transverse incision in the entire width; procoxal cavities narrowly separated; mesoventral process as wide as a half of mesocoxa diameter; abdominal ventrite 1 as long as ventrites 2–4 combined, all sutures straight; protibiae apically fringed with setae; meso- and metatibiae with glabrous apical surface and unobtrusive mucro; metatibiae lacking corbels; claws free; female sternite VIII with long and slender apodeme terminating at base of small plate; gonocoxites slender with apical styli.</p><p>Description. Body length 1.9–3.3 mm. Integument of body (Figs 8–12), antennae and legs brown reddish with sometimes funicles with clubs and tarsi paler, yellowish, or clubs blackish. Dorsal part of body in clean specimens sparsely covered by perpendicularly erect short piliform setae, apically shortly curved, not covering integument, 3 across width of one interstria. Elytral interstriae 1, 3, 5 and 7 with sparse row of subspatulate to rounded erect scales; pronotum with identical scales as those on elytra, forming transverse rows; head with rostrum with rows of smaller semi-erect setae mainly on epifrons margins. Antennal scapes with short, piliform appressed setae and row of erect, subspatulate to rounded scales on inner sides; funicles with short, semi-erect, pale, inconspicuous setae; clubs finely densely setose in apical half. Femora with semi-appressed, narrow setae; tibiae with short, fine, piliform setae and row of erect subspatulate to rounded scales on outer margin; tarsi sparsely setose. The entire ventral part of body including coxae densely covered with small, oval, appressed scales; gena glabrous; subgena laterally densely squamose with oval appressed scales, in middle from base to apex glabrous.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 44–47) short and wide, 1.4–1.6× as wide as long, subparallel-sided to widened apicad; in lateral view with dorsal margin distinctly vaulted, ventral margin slightly shorter than thickness of rostrum at its base. Epifrons wide, occupying majority of rostral width, widest at base and here as wide as distance between inner margins of eyes, distinctly tapering apicad with straight sides, posteriorly separated from head by shallow transverse furrow with ill-defined margins, before or behind eyes. Frons very short, forming short glabrous stripe around epistome, with 5 pairs of long fine setae. Epistome short, arched, posteriorly carinated. Mandibles small, glabrous, trisetose. Antennal scrobes in dorsal view visible only at place of antennal insertions or as narrow furrows; in lateral view short or slender, furrow-shaped, directed towards eye, reaching it or separated from it by slender squamose stripe. Eyes small, laterally placed, invisible or slightly visible in dorsal view; in lateral view subcircular, placed in middle of head or slightly below. Vertex wide, regularly domed, with small fovea in middle, hidden by vestiture; head short, distinctly enlarging posteriad; head and rostrum under vestiture and encrustation smooth with sparse, fine punctures.</p><p>Antennae (Figs 9–12) with short and robust scape and slender funicle; scape at basal quarter very slender, then abruptly enlarged, in apical three quarters wide, almost parallel-sided, here 3–4× as wide as at base, slightly curved and 1.4–1.7× wider than clubs, reaching behind posterior margin of eyes in repose; funicle with 6 or 7 articles, articles 1 and 2 long, conical, the others short, isodiametric to wider than long; clubs short, article 1 largest, comprising half of club length, sparsely setose.</p><p>Pronotum (Figs 9–12) 1.5–1.7× as wide as long, widest at midlength, in anterior half narrower than in posterior half, behind anterior margin constricted with anterior margin distinctly narrower than posterior margin; base straight; disc distinctly domed with irregular small tufts of setae or small bumps; disc in anterior third with distinct transverse incision in the entire width, often hidden under vestiture and encrustation, in very clean specimens disc smooth with very sparse and fine punctures; anterolateral margin straight, directed distinctly obliquely ventrad to procoxae, without vibrissae or ocular lobes. Procoxal cavities (Fig. 8) round, located in middle of very short ventral part, equally very near to anterior as well as posterior margin, narrowly separated, space between them about a quarter to fifth of procoxal diameter; procoxae subglobular; anterior margin in ventral part distinctly arched. Scutellar shield not visible.</p><p>Elytra (Figs 9–12) globular to oval, 1.1–1.2× as long as wide, with regularly rounded sides, apically broadly rounded, lacking laterally prominent humeral calli or subhumeral bumps; 10-striate; base straight, as wide as base of pronotum. In very clean specimens the integument is smooth, striae distinctly punctured, as wide as interstriae. Elytra with posterior declivity overhanging apex, this is thus not visible dorsally. Mesocoxae globular; mesoventral process moderately wide, about as wide as a half of mesocoxa diameter. Metacoxae round, metaventral process narrow (Fig. 8). Mesanepisterna large, densely squamose; mesepimera small, narrow, subtriangular, hardly visible; metanepisterna lacking. Wingless.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites (Fig. 49) 1.1–1.2× as long as wide, subtriangular, moderately small, because lateral margins of elytra reaching far inside in ventral side of body; ventrite 1 at middle slightly shorter than ventrites 2–4 combined, behind metacoxa somewhat longer than ventrite 2; ventrite 2 slightly shorter than ventrites 3 and 4 combined; ventrite 5 subtrapezoidal, slightly longer in females than in males. All sutures straight; suture between ventrites 1 and 2 fine and narrow, the others wide and rough. Metaventral process narrow, slightly narrower than transverse diameter of metacoxa. Ventrites densely squamose.</p><p>Femora medially inflated, unarmed; tibiae moderately slender; protibiae (Fig. 48) with mesal and lateral margin straight, apically obliquely subtruncated, fringed by fine, dense, brownish or blackish setae, with unobtrusive brown mucro. Meso- and metatibiae with apical surface glabrous and brown unobtrusive mucro. Tarsi short; tarsomere 1 shorter than 2 and 3 combined; tarsomere 2 very short; tarsomere 3 distinctly wider than the others; onychium slightly shorter than tarsomere 3. Claws free, divaricate.</p><p>Male terminalia. Penis (Figs 50, 51) slender and moderately long, temones almost twice longer than body of penis; endophallus inside with irregularly shaped 1–2 sclerites. Tegmen (Fig. 52) with slender, complete ring, in one species with short translucent parameres, in second lacking parameres; manubrium about twice as long as diameter of ring. Sternite IX with spiculum gastrale moderately long, anteriorly curved, in one species forming plate, posteriorly with fused basal arms.</p><p>Female genitalia. Sternite VIII (Figs 55, 56) with long, slender apodeme, 3.3–4.6× as long as plate, terminating as short basal margins of plate; plate small, subtriangular or oval, with slender apical margin fringed by short, fine setae. Gonocoxites (Fig. 57) very slender, tube-shaped or narrowly subtriangular, with long and slender apical styli with fine setae. Spermatheca (Figs 53, 54) with short cornu; ramus and collum developed, differing between the species.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism. The sexes are externally indistinguishable except for slight differences in the shape of ventrite 5.</p><p>Derivation of name. The newly described genus is dedicated to my age-long friend and colleague, with whom we started to study weevils as students, Dr. Michael Košťál (Šoporňa, Slovakia), an eminent specialist in several different groups of Curculionidae . He is also a collector of both Kostalius species.</p><p>Biology. All type material was sifted in two different habitats: K. sylvaticus was sifted in indigenous forest from forest litter, and K. rotundisetis was sifted in an open landscape, from litter under Ericaceae bushes.</p><p>Distribution. Species of the genus are known only from six localities in South Africa, Eastern Cape.</p><p>Species included. The genus includes two here described species.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. Although both species look slightly different, which is most likely caused by their different kind of life in different type of habitats, both species share many characters assumed to be important at the generic level: rostrum distinctly wider than long, very short glabrous frons, developed epistome, scrobes in lateral view directed towards middle of eye, eyes small, placed in middle of head height, mesoventral process as wide as half width of mesocoxa diameter, all tibiae with unobtrusive mucro, meso- and metatibiae with glabrous apical surface, abdominal ventrites squamose with narrow metaventral process, ventrite 1 as long as 2–4 combined, all sutures straight, claws free, female sternite VIII with long, slender apodeme, terminating as short basal margins of small plate. But the main synapomorphy of both species is a very short ventral part of the pronotum with narrowly separated procoxal cavities, which is a character not known to me among all Afrotropical entimines. To my knowledge, all other genera of Entimines in southern Africa (about 110 genera) have procoxal cavities contiguous. Separated procoxal cavities very easily differentiates this genus from all other genera of South African entimines.</p><p>The newly described genus belongs to the tribe Oosomini by having free claws, trisetose mandibles, dorsally placed scrobes, rostrum separated from the head by a shallow transverse sulcus, a lack of ocular lobes or vibrissae on pronotal lateral margins, a lack of protruding humeral calli, and a lack of metatibial corbels. In its small body size, short and robust extremities, and reduced eye size, it is similar to other genera with an edaphic way of life.</p><p>Kostalius can be distinguished from them by the following key:</p><p>1. All femora with tooth. Ventral margin of rostrum in lateral view as long as thickness of rostrum at its base. Slope of elytral declivity hardly overhanging apices of elytra in dorsal view. Female sternite VIII with apodeme subequal in length with large plate. Rostrum posteriorly continuous with head. Body size 2.3–3.0 mm. Lesotho ............... Basothorhynchus Borovec</p><p>- All femora edentate. Ventral margin of rostrum in lateral view shorter than thickness of rostrum at its base. Slope of elytral declivity distinctly overhanging apices of elytra in dorsal view. Female sternite VIII with apodeme distinctly longer than small plate. Rostrum posteriorly continuous with head or separated by transverse furrow.................................. 2</p><p>2. Eyes large, positioned subdorsally. Frons and apical part of epifrons glabrous. Rostrum distinctly tapering anteriad, posteriorly continuous with head. Epifrons at base reaching middle of anterior margin of eyes. Scrobes in lateral view distinctly enlarging posteriad with ventral margin directed deeply below ventral margin of eye. Abdominal ventrite 1 longer than ventrites 2–4 combined. Body size 1.3–1.8 mm. Eastern Cape ...................................... Dimorphophthalmus Borovec</p><p>- Eyes small, laterally placed. Frons very short, glabrous, epifrons densely squamose. Rostrum parallel-sided or apically enlarged, posteriorly separated from head by shallow transverse furrow. Epifrons at base at most as wide as distance between inner margins of eyes. Scrobes in lateral view furrow-shaped with ventral margin directed towards ventral margin of eye. Abdominal ventrite 1 as long as ventrites 2–4 combined................................................................ 3</p><p>3. Epifrons at base narrower than space between anterior margins of eyes. Scapes evenly enlarging apicad, at apex slightly narrower than clubs. Procoxal cavities contiguous. Disc of pronotum lacking transverse incision. Female sternite VIII with apodeme terminating inside of umbrella-shaped plate with membranous basal margin. Appressed oval scales on elytra densely covering integument. Body size 1.8–3.2 mm. Western Cape ............................ Bulirschius Borovec, gen. nov.</p><p>- Epifrons at base as wide as distance between inner margins of eyes. Scapes abruptly enlarging apicad, at apex wider than clubs. Procoxal cavities narrowly separated. Disc of pronotum with transverse incision. Female sternite VIII with long apodeme terminating at base of oval to subtriangular plate with visible basal margin. Sparse piliform erect setae on elytra not covering integument. Body size 1.9–3.3 mm. Eastern Cape. …................................... Kostalius Borovec, gen. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFA8294CFF65760AA19D84A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFAC294FFF657317A0978143.text	F220879BFFAC294FFF657317A0978143.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kostalius rotundisetis Borovec 2025	<div><p>Kostalius rotundisetis Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs (8–10, 44, 45, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 57)</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6468F5EF-674B-4838-8050-CA279F5D3CFC</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Eastern Cape, Katberg Mts., Katberg Pass .</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, RSA, Eastern Cape, Katberg Mts., Katberg Pass env., S 32°27.501′ E 26°39.421′, 1 500 m, 10.xi.2023, Sifting under Ericaceae shrubs, R. Borovec leg. (NMPC) . Paratypes: 19 specs., same data as holotype (BMNH, CMNC, MKŠS, RBSC, SANC, TMSA); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, South Africa, Eastern Cape c., Katberg Mts., Katberg Pass env., S 32°27.5′ E 26°39.4′, 1 500 m, 1.xii.2018, M. Košťál leg. (MKŠS) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Odd elytral interstriae with regularly rounded, large, conspicuous scales raised from tips of small bumps, scales on pronotum forming one transverse row; rostrum subparallel-sided; epifrons evenly tapered apicad, posteriorly with supraocular lobes covering eyes in dorsal view; funicle with 7 articles.</p><p>Description. Body length holotype 3.25 mm, paratypes 2.47–3.25 mm. Body (Figs 9, 10) of very clean specimens brown reddish with darker, black clubs, sparsely covered by perpendicularly erect piliform setae, shortly hooked at apex, not covering integument, 3 across width of one elytral interstria. Elytral interstriae 1, 3, 5 and 7 with single significantly conspicuous row of erect, sparse, regularly rounded, moderately large scales, raised from tips of small bumps, about as wide as interstria, finely longitudinally striate and finely serrated at apical margin, 7–8 along length of interstria 3. Pronotum with transverse row of four closely pressed triplets of identical rounded scales as elytral ones. Anterior margin of pronotum with short row of several slightly smaller rounded scales. Rostrum with row of 6–7 small rounded erect scales on margin of epifrons. Antennal scapes sparsely covered with short, piliform, appressed setae and with conspicuous dense row of erect rounded scales on inner side; funicles with short, semi-erect, piliform setae; clubs in apical half finely densely setose. Femora with short, semi-appressed, narrow setae; tibiae with short, appressed, piliform setae, outer margin with dense row of erect rounded scales; tarsi with short sparse setae. Not artificially cleaned specimens are completely encrustated with not visible appressed vestiture, but with well visible erect rounded scales, scapes and tibiae seeming wider by encrustation.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 44, 45) very short, 1.47–1.56× as wide as long, subparallel-sided with almost straight sides, apically broadly rounded, in lateral view distinctly vaulted. Epifrons distinctly evenly tapered apicad with straight swollen margins, at base 1.32–1.45× as wide as at apex, posteriorly forming large, distinct supraocular lobes completely covering eyes in dorsal view and well visible also in lateral view; epifrons posteriorly separated from head by very shallow transverse furrow in place of posterior eyes margin, dorsally shallowly longitudinally depressed. Antennal scrobes in dorsal view visible only in place of antennal insertions; in lateral view short, enlarged posteriad, directed towards eye but separated from it by narrow squamose stripe. Eyes small, invisible in dorsal view, subcircular in lateral view, placed in ventral half of head.</p><p>Antennae (Figs 9, 10) with scape 2.4–2.6× as long as wide and 1.4–1.5× as long as funicle, at apex 1.6–1.7× as wide as club. Funicle with 7 articles; article 1 1.4–1.5× as long as wide and 1.7–1.8× as long as article 2, this is 1.2–1.3× as long as wide; articles 3–6 1.2–1.3× as wide as long; article 7 1.4–1.5× as wide as long; clubs 1.4–1.6× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Figs 9, 10) very wide, 1.66–1.76× as wide as long, slightly narrower than elytra, distinctly constricted behind anterior margin, in anterior half much narrower than in posterior half, widest at midlength; disc with transverse incision in middle, often covered with encrustation; posterior half with transverse row of four small pointed bumps; anterior margin with two smaller bumps; pronotum in lateral view almost flat, decreased in middle, with slightly elevated anterior margin.</p><p>Elytra (Figs 9, 10) oval, 1.12–1.17× as long as wide, widest at midlength, with slightly rounded sides. Odd interstriae with sparse, low, pointed bumps as wide as interstriae, 7–8 across length of interstria, with distinct erect rounded seta on top. Striae under encrustation punctured; interstriae smooth. Elytra in lateral view flat.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites 1.08–1.13× as long as wide (Fig. 49).</p><p>Protibiae (Fig. 48) apically subtruncated with fringe of short and fine black setae; meso- and metatibiae with apical surface densely fringed by long black setae. Tibiae often encrustated and distinctly enlarged at middle. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.7–1.8× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4–1.5× as wide as long and 1.4–1.6× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium 0.8–0.9× as long as tarsomere 3; claws somewhat divaricate.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 50) subparallel-sided, slightly wider at apical portion, apically somewhat obtuse, with small, well visible rounded tip at middle; in lateral view slender, slightly curved with small apical tip, doubled with small membraneous spine at apex of dorsal side; temones almost twice as long as body of penis; endophallus with two long, parallel sclerites, one straight and very slender, the other much wider, distorted. Tegmen with slender ring bearing two short, translucent parameres; manubrium about twice as long as ring diameter. Sternite IX with spiculum gastrale anteriorly curved and enlarged to small, irregularly oval plate, posteriorly with fused basal arms.</p><p>Female sternite VIII (Fig. 55) with small subtriangular plate, slightly longer than wide, with sides slightly concave; apodeme 3.3–3.5× longer than plate, forming basal margin of plate. Gonocoxites (Fig. 57) slender, narrowly subtriangular, evenly tapering apicad with moderately long apical styli. Spermatheca (Fig. 53) with regularly curved short and wide cornu; ramus slightly longer than wide, apically rounded; collum slightly shorter and narrower than ramus, slightly tapering apicad, apically rounded.</p><p>Derivation of name. The species takes its name from Latin rotundus, rounded, circular, and seta (saeta), meaning seta (chaeta), which refers to the very specific shape of erect setae on the dorsal surface of the body.</p><p>Biology. The type material was sifted below two different Ericaceae shrubs in a pass in an open, not forested habitat.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa, Eastern Cape.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Kostalius rotundisetis is easily distinguished from the other species of the genus described in this paper. Distinguishing characters between the two species are stated below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFAC294FFF657317A0978143	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
F220879BFFAF2941FF657576A7608413.text	F220879BFFAF2941FF657576A7608413.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kostalius sylvaticus Borovec 2025	<div><p>Kostalius sylvaticus Borovec, sp. nov.</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ED14DBEC-4BF5-4F70-8CD2-5E059D7E1F64</p><p>Figs (11, 12, 46, 47, 51, 54, 56)</p><p>Type locality. South Africa, Eastern Cape, Hogsback State Forest .</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, RSA, Eastern Cape, Hogsback State Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.943333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.943333/lat -32.586666)">Contour</a> track env., 32°35.2′ S, 26°56.6′ E, 1495 m, 11.xi.2023, Sifting of litter, indigenous forest, R. Borovec lgt. (NMPC) . Paratypes: 16 specs., same data as holotype (MKŠS, RBSC); 18 specs., South Africa, Eastern Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.943333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.943333/lat -32.586666)">Hogsback State Forest</a> Contour track env., 32°35.2′ S, 26°56.6′ E, 10.i.2015, J. Janák lgt. (BMNH, JJRC, SANC) ; 5 specs., ditto, but 18.i.2018 (JJRC); 1 spec., ditto, but 5.i.2018, 1300 m (JJRC); 1 spec., South Africa, Eastern Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.066668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.678333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.066668/lat -32.678333)">W of Keiskammahoek</a>, indig. forest, 32°40.7′ S, 27°4.0′ E, 18.i.2016, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC) ; 1 ♂, South Africa, Eastern Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.105&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.578335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.105/lat -32.578335)">Cata</a> env., ind. forest, 32°34.7′ S, 27°06.3′ E, 19.i.2016, J. Janák lgt. (JJRC) ; 1 spec., South Africa, Eastern Cape, Silaka NR, 31°38.9- 39.3′ S, 29°30.3-4′ E, ind. forest, 20-80 m, 9.i.2018, P. Bulirsch lgt. (RBSC); 2 specs., S.Afr. [South Africa, Eastern Cape], Ciskei Amatole, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.17&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.43" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.17/lat -32.43)">Pirie</a> for., 32.43 S – 27.17 E, 8.xii.1987; E-Y: 2560, indig. forest litter, leg. Endrödy-Younga (TMSA) ; 20 specs., South Africa: Eastern Cape, Hogsback, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.943333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.943333/lat -32.586666)">Contour Track</a>, 1335m, 32°35.2’S 26°56.6’E, 3 Feb 2004, afromontane forest litter, A. Solidovnikov, M. Thayer et al., FMNH 2004-037 (CMNC, FMNH, SANC) ; 10 specs., South Africa: Eastern Cape, Hogsback, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.943333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.943333/lat -32.586666)">Contour Track</a>, 1335m, 32°35.2’S 26°56.6’E, 3 Feb 2004, forest litter, D. Clarke, FMNH 2004-038 (CMNC, FMNH, SANC) ; 3 specs., South Africa: Eastern Cape, Hogsback, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.94&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.585" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.94/lat -32.585)">Contour Track</a>, 1340m, 32°35.1’S 26°56.4’E, 3 Feb 2004, leaf and log litter, D. Clarke, FMNH 2004-042 (CMNC, FMNH, TMSA) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Odd elytral interstriae with short, inconspicuous, narrow, subspatulate setae, setae on pronotum forming three irregular transverse rows; rostrum from base evenly enlarged anteriad, widest at apical portion; antennal scape in ventral side glabrous, smooth; funicle with 6 articles; all tibiae in short apical part asquamose.</p><p>Description. Body length holotype 2.19 mm, paratypes 1.91–2.53 mm. Integument (Figs 11, 12) brown reddish, antennal funicles with clubs and tarsi paler, yellowish. Body covered by sparse, short, perpendicularly erect, greyish piliform setae, at short apical part slightly curved, not hidden integument; only frons and lateral parts of head with rostrum densely covered with small, oval, appressed scales. Odd elytral interstriae with sparse row of erect, subspatulate, apically rounded, finely longitudinally striate scales, slightly longer than half width of interstria; distance between two setae about three times longer than length of one seta. Pronotum with identical erect setae as those on elytra, forming three irregular transverse rows, on anterior and posterior margin and across middle of pronotum. Head and rostrum with about half as long erect setae, mainly along margins of epifrons. Antennal scapes with short and fine, piliform appressed setae, inner margins with short, slender, semi-erect subspatulate setae; funicles with short and fine, translucent, hardy visible setae; clubs finely and densely setose in apical half. Femora with narrow, semi-appressed subspatulate scales; tibiae with short, semi-appressed setae, lateral margin with semi-erect narrowly subspatulate scales; tarsi with short and sparse setae. Majority of specimens have dorsal part of body densely encrusted with hardly visible erect scales.</p><p>Rostrum (Figs 46, 47) 1.45–1.51× as wide as long, from base abruptly evenly enlarged anteriad with straight sides, widest at apical third to quarter, apically broadly rounded, at base 0.83–0.89× as wide as at widest apical part; rostrum in lateral view distinctly vaulted. Epifrons evenly tapered apicad with straight sides, at base 1.22–1.29× as wide as at apex, dorsally flat, posteriorly with narrow transverse sulcus with ill-defined margins before eyes, completely hidden under vestiture and encrustation. Antennal scrobes in dorsal view visible as very narrow furrow along the whole length, curved laterally before eyes; in lateral view reaching eye, furrow-shaped, slightly curved, with dorsal margin directed almost to dorsal margin of eye and ventral margin directed slightly below eye. Eyes small, in dorsal view visible, not prominent from outline of head; in lateral view subcircular, positioned in middle of head.</p><p>Antennae (Figs 11, 12) with scape 3.4–3.6× as long as wide and 1.2× as long as funicle, at apex 1.4–1.6× as wide as club, scape in ventral side glabrous, smooth. Funicle with 6 articles; article 1 2.1–2.2× as long as wide and 1.8–2.0× as long as article 2, this is 1.6–1.8× as long as wide; article 3 1.6–1.7× as long as wide; articles 4 and 5 1.4–1.5× as long as wide; article 6 1.2–1.3× as long as wide; clubs 2.0–2.1× as long as wide.</p><p>Pronotum (Figs 11, 12) 1.56–1.69× as wide as long, distinctly narrower than elytra, distinctly constricted behind anterior margin, widest at midlength; disc under vestiture smooth, very finely and sparsely punctuate, with distinct narrow and moderately deep transverse incision across whole width at anterior third, often hidden by encrustation. Pronotum in lateral view vaulted, at anterior third flattened.</p><p>Elytra (Figs 11, 12) 1.08–1.12× as long as wide, almost globular, with distinctly and regularly rounded sides, widest at middle, in lateral view vaulted. Striae roughly punctured; interstriae narrow, flat, smooth.</p><p>Abdominal ventrites 1.18–1.24× as long as wide.</p><p>Protibiae 4.2–4.3× as long as wide, anteriorly obliquely subtruncated with fringe of pale, yellowish fine setae; meso- and metatibiae with apical surface densely fringed by yellowish setae; all tibiae in short apical part asquamose, glabrous, smooth. Tarsi with tarsomere 2 1.7–1.8× as wide as long; tarsomere 3 1.4× as wide as long and 1.3× as wide as tarsomere 2; onychium 0.8–0.9× as long as tarsomere 3; claws distinctly divaricate.</p><p>Penis (Fig. 51) slender and moderately long, widest near base, evenly slightly tapering apicad, apically broadly rounded; in lateral view weakly regularly curved, subequal in width along entire length, evenly tapering apicad in short apical portion; temones almost twice as long as body of penis; endophallus with one long oval, irregularly shaped sclerite. Tegmen with slender ring lacking parameres; manubrium almost twice as long as ring diameter. Sternite IX anteriorly curved and tapered, posteriorly with fused basal arms.</p><p>Female sternite VIII (Fig. 56) with plate about as long as wide, apically broadly rounded; apodeme 4.3–4.6× longer than plate, forming basal margin of plate. Gonocoxites slender, tube-shaped, subparallel-sided; styli apical, slender. Spermatheca (Fig. 54) with slender and curved cornu; ramus and collum slightly longer than wide, apically narrowly rounded, collum longer and wider than ramus.</p><p>Derivation of name. This species is named from the Latin sylvaticus, meaning occurring in the forest, in reference to the circumstances of collection.</p><p>Biology. All type material was sifted from litter in indigenous forest.</p><p>Distribution. South Africa, Eastern Cape, collected in five proximate localities.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Both new species described in Kostalius are very easily distinguished by the following characters: Kostalius rotundisetis: Erect elytral setae conspicuous, wide, regularly rounded; pronotal setae forming one conspicuous transverse row; rostrum subparallel-sided; funicle with 7 articles; scape on ventral side densely squamose; oval elytra with sparse, low bumps on odd interstriae; pronotum with four bumps forming transverse row; all tibiae in apical parts densely squamose; penis with small apical tip in dorsal view and spine visible in lateral view; female sternite VIII with plate subtriangular. Kostalius sylvaticus: Erect elytral setae inconspicuous, narrow, subspatulate; pronotal setae forming three inconspicuous transverse rows; rostrum distinctly enlarged apicad; funicle with 6 articles; scape on ventral side glabrous, smooth; globular elytra with regularly flat interstriae; pronotum irregularly domed; all tibiae in short apical part asquamose; penis lacking apical tip in dorsal view and small spine in lateral view; female sternite VIII with plate broadly rounded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F220879BFFAF2941FF657576A7608413	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Borovec, Roman	Borovec, Roman (2025): Two new and one enigmatic genus of Oosomini from South Africa with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Zootaxa 5642 (2): 101-126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5642.2.1
