identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FB276A042078B86E51DF45F5FA324A15.text	FB276A042078B86E51DF45F5FA324A15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>Pictorial key for females of the  species group related to  T. nebulosus</p><p>1. Abdominal integument light yellow to pale greenish (Fig. 2A); wing hyaline or slightly brown infuscated (Fig. 2B); integument of femur and tibia light brown with pale setulae (Fig. 2C)................................  T. olivaceiventris Macquart</p><p>- Abdominal integument brownish (Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C); wing, femur, and tibia variable................................ 2</p><p>2. Palpus short and inflated, smaller than half the length of the stylets (Fig. 4A); postpedicel of the antenna long and narrow, never as high as long (Fig. 4D); wing brown tinged at the end of the cells br and bm and below the pterostigma (Fig. 4C); Abdomen usually with a black dorsomedial integumental and setulose stripe or a row of spots, and a row of orange dorsolateral spots when well-preserved (tergite 1 to 5 or 6) (Fig. 4B).......................................  T. importunus Wiedemann</p><p>- Palpus rarely short and inflated, equal to or longer than half the length of the stylets (Figs. 5A, 5C); if the palpus is short and inflated, the postpedicel of the antenna is short and wide, as high as long (see  T. pseudonebulosus, dichotomy 5); wing variable, rarely tinged below the pterostigma (Figs. 5B, 5D); abdomen variable........................................... 3</p><p>3. Abdomen does not have any pale dorsal spot, stripe or triangle whether integumental or setulose (Figs. 6A, 6B).......... 4</p><p>- Abdomen, when preserved, has at least some pale dorsal spot, stripe or triangle whether integumental or setulose (Figs. 7A, 7B, 7C)................................................................................................ 5</p><p>4. Postpedicel with a long dorsal spine, longer than one-third of the postpedicel’s size (Fig. 8A); pleuron with an evident tuft of dark setulae below the wing base (Fig. 8B)..................................................  T. punctipleura Hine</p><p>- Postpedicel at most with a small dorsal spine, smaller than one-third of the postpedicel’s size (Fig. 9A); pleuron with a slightly evident tuft of dark setulae below the wing base (Fig. 9B)...........................................  T. lutzi Kröber</p><p>5. Postpedicel short and wide, as high as long (Fig. 10A); palpus can be smaller or longer than half the length of the stylets (Fig. 10B); wing hyaline or weak brownish tinged at the wing base and/or at the crossveins (Fig. 10C); abdomen usually with a black dorsomedial integumental stripe (tergite 2 to 7) (Fig. 7A)........................  T. pseudonebulosus Gorayeb &amp; Barros</p><p>- Postpedicel longer than high (Fig. 11A, 11B); palpus never short, always equal to or larger than half the length of the stylets (Fig. 11C, 11D, 11E); wing variable; abdomen variable....................................................... 6 6. Wing hyaline (Fig. 12A, 12B)........................................................................... 7 - Wing not hyaline, uniformly infuscated, or tinged at the cells br and bm or crossveins (Fig. 13A, 13B).................. 8</p><p>7. Narrower frons, frontal index greater than 4 (Fig. 14A); palpus with predominantly white setulae (Fig. 5A, 14A); abdomen with dorsomedial white setulose triangles (tergite 2 to 4), wider than in  T. vestigium sp. n (Fig. 14B); gray pruinosity on the scutum (Fig. 14C)..............................................................................  T. comosus Stone</p><p>- Wider frons, frontal index less than 4 (Fig. 15A); palpus with predominantly dark setulae (Fig. 15A); abdomen with dorsomedial light yellow setulose triangles (tergite 1 to 6), narrower than in  T. comosus (Fig. 15B); brown pruinosity on the scutum (Fig. 15C)................................................................................  T. vestigium sp. nov.</p><p>8. Abdomen with a dorsomedial stripe of connected white setulose enlongated triangles, without dorsolateral pale spots or triangles (Fig.16)................................................  T. rondoniensis Henriques, Krolow, Zamarchi &amp; Camargo - Abdomen with a series of unconnected median pale triangles, may have a dorsolateral spots or triangles (Fig. 17A, 17B, 17C)................................................................................................... 9</p><p>9. Scutum with a pair of conspicuous dorsolateral dark stripes (Fig. 18A); abdomen without a black dorsomedial integumental stripe, with an evident dorsomedial (tergite 1 or 2 to 4) pale equilateral triangles and a dorsolateral light spots of pale setulae (tergite 2 to 6) (Fig. 18B); wing brownish tinged at the cells br and bm and calypter, costal cell orange (Fig. 18C)...........................................................................................  T. guyanensis Macquart</p><p>- Scutum without a pair of conspicuous dark dorsolateral stripes (Fig. 19A, 19B); abdomen may have a black dorsomedial integumental stripe, with dorsomedial and dorsolateral triangles of pale setulae, but generally smaller and less evident than in  T. guyanensis (Fig. 19C); wing variable................................................................... 10</p><p>10. Wing brown infuscated, orange costal cell, never with a brownish cloud in the fork of vein R 4+5 (Fig. 20C); frons parallel or divergent at base, divergence index (DI) less than 1.1 (Fig. 20A); scutum and scutellum integument black with grayish pruinosity; (Fig. 20B).................................................................  T. glaucus Wiedemann</p><p>- Wing with brown clouds on the crossveins, sometimes hyaline, slightly tinged costal cell, nearly always with a brownish cloud in the fork of vein R 4+5 (Fig 22C, 23C); frons convergent at base, divergence index greater than 1.1 (Fig. 21A, 21B); scutum and scutellum integument reddish-brown, usually with brownish pruinosity (Fig. 19A, 19B)............................ 11</p><p>11. Wing with weak brown clouds at the crossveins or uniformly infuscated, usually with weak cloud at the fork of vein R 4+5 (Fig. 22C); abdomen with dorsolateral spots of light-yellow setulae, larger than on  T. ornativentris (Fig. 22A); hind tibia with a golden dorsal comb of setae (Fig. 22B)....................................................  T. nebulosus De Geer</p><p>- Wing with strong dark clouds at the crossveins and in the fork of vein R 4+5 (Fig. 23C); abdomen with dorsolateral spots of light-yellow setulae, smaller than on  T. nebulosus (Fig. 23A); hind tibia with a black dorsal comb of setae (Fig. 23B)...........................................................................................  T. ornativentris (Kröber)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042078B86E51DF45F5FA324A15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042071B86851DF417BFB634F49.text	FB276A042071B86851DF417BFB634F49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus comosus Stone 1944	<div><p>Tabanus comosus Stone</p><p>(Figs 24 A–D, 25)</p><p>Tabanus comosus Stone, 1944: 134 (list of species); Barretto, 1957: 88 (list of species); Fairchild, 1971: 91 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 100 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 14, fig. 19, map 8 (rev.); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 134 (cat.); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 127 (cat.); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Distribution: Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil (Pará) (new record).</p><p>Type-locality: Venezuela, Amazonas, San Fernando de Atabapo.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (18–19 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.25), convergent at base (DI: 1.26, 1.29); palpus mostly covered by white setulae. Wing hyaline. Scutum reddish-brown, covered by gray pruinosity and with two faint dark dorsolateral integumental stripes. Legs integument light yellow with gray pruinosity and mostly covered by white setulae. Abdomen reddish-brown, covered by gray pruinosity, and with dorsomedial triangles (tergite 2 to 4) and dorsolateral stripes (tergite I to V or VI) of pale setulae, when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks:  T. comosus resembles  T. guyanensis . differing by having a hyaline wing, gray pruinosity on scutum, abdomen and legs, a pair of faint integumental stripes on the scutum, light yellow legs with white setulae, and a palpus mostly covered by white setulae.  T. guyanensis has a wing brownish tinged at the base, dark brown calypters and orange costal cell, conspicuous integumental stripes on the scutum, scutellum with an evident white pilose spot on the lateral, legs ranging from brown to black with brown to black setulae, and palpus mostly covered by black setulae. The male is unknown. The type-locality of  T. comosus is in Venezuela and this is the first time this species is recorded from Brazil, in the state of Pará. There are indeed cases of small clades or species that are present in the Guyana Shield, including Venezuela, extending their distribution to the state of Pará, east of the opening of the Amazon River (Amorim &amp; Pires, 1996, Fig. 25; Amorim 2009). A good example is the empidine  Lamprempis amazonida Bier &amp; Rafael ( Diptera:  Empididae) (Bier &amp; Rafael 2023).</p><p>Examined material:  Belém, Pará, [BRAZIL], Damasceno [Photographed] [1♀] [MZUSP] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042071B86851DF417BFB634F49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042076B86B51DF4512FAAC4C11.text	FB276A042076B86B51DF4512FAAC4C11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus glaucus Wiedemann 1820	<div><p>Tabanus glaucus Wiedemann</p><p>(Figs 26 A–D, 27 A–D, 28)</p><p>Tabanus glaucus Wiedemann, 1819: 42 (list of species); 1821: 69 (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 234 (cat.; as syn. of  T. cinerarius Wiedemann, 1828); Fairchild, 1967a: 97 (Wiedemann types), 1971: 94 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 111 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 21, fig. 20, map 4 (rev.); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 138 (cat.); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 131 (cat.); Lima et al., 2015: 6 (list of species); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Krolow et al., 2017: 111, table 2 (list of species); Henriques &amp; Krolow, 2020; 440 (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Tabanus cinerarius Wiedemann, 1828: 121; Walker, 1854: 212 (list of species); Hunter, 1901: 140 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 234 (cat.); Lutz, 1928: 62, pl. 9, fig. 9 (list of species); Kröber, 1931b: 59, fig. 9 (tax.), 1934: 270 (cat.;  Chelommia); Pechuman, 1942: 55 (list of species;  Chelommia); Fairchild, 1967a: 96, 98 (list of species); Contreras-Lichtenberg, 2002: 197 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus tenens Walker, 1850b: lxv (preocc. Walker, 1850a); Walker, 1854: 213 (list of species.); Fairchild, 1956: 29 (syn. list).</p><p>Tabanus confligens Walker, 1854: 326 (nom. nov. for  T. tenens Walker, 1850); Kertész, 1908: 236 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 13 (syn.); Fairchild &amp; Aitken, 1960: 7 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus grandis Kröber, 1931a: 68, fig. l ( Tabanus (Straba); preocc. Szilády, 1923); Kröber, 1934: 297 (cat.;  Tabanus (Straba)); Fairchild, 1967b: 371 (list of species).</p><p>Distribution: Trinidad, eastern Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, eastern Bolivia, Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Maranhão, Paraíba, Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Bahia, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais (new record), Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro).</p><p>Type-locality: “ Brazil ”</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (18.7–23 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.7–5.8), divergent at base or nearly parallel (DI: 0.82–1.05); palpus mostly covered with black setulae. Wing brown infuscated, costal cell orange, never with a cloud on the fork of vein R 4+5. Scutum and scutellum with integument black and gray pruinosity. Femora black or at least darker than the tibiae. Abdomen orangish-brown, nearly always with a black dorsomedial integumental stripe (tergite 1 to 2 or sometimes more), dorsomedial pale triangles (tergite I to VI) and dorsolateral spots (tergite I to VI) of yellow or orange setulae when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks:  T. glaucus resembles  T. nebulosus, differing by having a darker integument on the scutum, scutellum, and femora, a parallel or divergent frons at the base, wing brown infuscated with an orange costal cell, and never with a brownish cloud in the fork of vein R 4+5, abdomen usually presenting a black integumental stripe on the first two segments, dorsomedial triangles narrow and dorsolateral spots.  T. nebulosus usually has lighter integument on the scutum, scutellum, and femora, frons almost always convergent at the base, wing with light brown clouds at crossveins and in the fork of vein R 4+5, costal cell hyaline or at most pale yellow, abdomen rarely have an integumental stripe on the first tergites, dorsomedial triangles broader and fainter, dorsolateral spots broader and rarely connected. The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna lacking the ventral angle found in females, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, the largest ones occupy the the upper half of the eyes and are lighter than the smaller ones. This species has a wide distribution in South America and this is the first record for the state of Minas Gerais.</p><p>Examined material:   BRASIL, Tocantins, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.176113&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.167223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.176113/lat -10.167223)">Pq. Estadual do Lajeado</a>, 10º10’02”S 48º10’34”W, xii.2017, Arm. Malaise em igarapé [malaise trap at river], G. Amora &amp; J.O. Silva cols. [1♀] [INPA] ;   BRASIL, Pará, Óbidos,  Colônia São Tomé, 01º50’46”S 55º02’23”W / 1–11.ix.2001, J.A. Rafael &amp; J.F. Vidal, Malaise [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Amazonas, Humaitá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.346943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.5216665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.346943/lat -7.5216665)">Rio Ipixuna</a>, 07º31’18”S 63º20’49”W, x.2014, Arm. Malaise, JA Rafael, FF Xavier-Fº, RM  Vieira &amp; RH Aquino [1♀] [INPA];  BRASIL, AM [Amazonas], Benjamin Constant, 4º25’3.96”S 70º3’37.73”W, Malaise em floresta [malaise trap at florest], x.2019, F. Xavier leg. [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Rondônia, Ariquemes, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-61.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -61.866665/lat -9.733334)">Rio Ji-Paraná</a>, 28.x1986 / 09°44’S 61°52’W, JA Rafael, Arm. Malaise [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Mato Grosso, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-61.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -61.866665/lat -9.733334)">Chapada dos Guimarães</a>, 800m altitude, 18–26.xi.1983, Elias Binda / Campo Aberto, Armadilha Suspensa [canopy trap], 2 metros / Polo Noroeste [blue label] [Photographed] [1♂] [INPA];  Utiariti, Rio Papagaio, Mt [Mato Grosso, BRASIL], x.1966, Lenko &amp; Pereira [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Perdizes, EDPA Galheiro, casa 4, 19º12’34” S 47°8’21” W, 15–29.i.2020, Capellari, Riccardi &amp; Pirani, leg [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MG  [Minas Gerais], Uberlândia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.165836&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.806389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.165836/lat -18.806389)">P.E. Pau Furado, Rio Araguari</a>, 18º48’23”S 48°9’57”W, Malaise, 19.xi.2019 – 12-i.2020, RS Capellari, leg [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MG  [Minas Gerais], Uberaba, IFTM  Campus Uberaba, Malaise, 15.ix.2018, R  .  S. Capellari leg. [2♀] [MZUSP];  Corrégo Azul, Araçatuba, SP [São Paulo], BRASIL, III- 1947, M.P. Barretto col. / 146 [1♀] [MZUSP];  2- 946 [on the lateral of the label], Est. S. Paulo [São Paulo, BRASIL], Avanhandava, Barra Mansa, Barreto col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; I-945 [on the lateral of the label], Est. S. Paulo [São Paulo, BRASIL], Guatapará, Barreto col. [Photographed] [1♀] [MZUSP]; São Simão [BRASIL], I-38 [1♀] [MZUSP] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042076B86B51DF4512FAAC4C11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042075B87551DF4254FF5E48C8.text	FB276A042075B87551DF4254FF5E48C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus guyanensis Macquart 1846	<div><p>Tabanus guyanensis Macquart</p><p>(Figs 29 A–D, 30 A–D, 31)</p><p>Tabanus guyanensis Macquart, 1846: 169 (1846: 41), pl. 4, fig. 9 (list of species); Walker, 1854: 211 (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 248 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 18 (syn.); Patrick &amp; Hays, 1968 (list of species): 2020; Fairchild, 1966: 447 (list of species), 1970: 847 (list of species), 1971: 94 (cat.); Carrasco, 1972 (list of species): 322; Moucha, 1976: 112 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 23, fig. 18, map 1 (rev.); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 138 (cat.); Gorayeb, 1993: 256, 259, table 1, 5 (seasonality); Barros et al., 2003: 10,11,13, table 1,2; Barros &amp; Foil, 2007: 382, table 1 (seasonality); Buestán et al., 2007: 168 (list of species); Cárdenas et al., 2009: 18 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 131 (cat); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Krolow et al., 2017: 105 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species); Henriques &amp; Krolow, 2020: 440 (list of species); Riccardi et al., 2022: 25 (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Tabanus flavibarbis Macquart, 1846: 169 (1846: 41) (list of species); Walker, 1854: 204 (list of species); Hunter, 1901: 140 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 242 (cat.); Kröber, 1929b: 251, fig. 3 (list of species), 1930b: 81 (Small gen. Tabanini;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)), 1934: 295 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Barretto, 1957: 87 (list of species;  Bellardia).</p><p>Tabanus rubrinotatus Bigot, 1892: 676 (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 275 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 27 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus guyanens Hunter, 1901: 141, (cat., error)</p><p>Tabanus multimaculatus Lutz, 1909: 30 (list of species, nomen nudum), 1911: 35 (list of species, nomen nudum); Fairchild, 1961b: 290 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus guayanensis Fairchild &amp; León, 1986: 118, (list of species, error).</p><p>Distribution: French Guiana, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, Brazil (Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul), and eastern Bolivia.</p><p>Type-locality: “ French Guiana ”.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (16.4–20.3 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.0–5.0), parallel, or slightly convergent or divergent at the base (DI: 0.93–1.1). Palpus equal to or larger than half the length of the stylets. Wing brownish tinged at the base, costal cell orange, strongly infuscated calypters. Scutum reddish-brown covered in gray pruinosity with two dark dorsolateral integumental stripes. Postalar wall with an evident setulose white spot. Abdomen reddish-brown with dorsomedial (tergite 1 or 2 to 4) triangles and dorsolateral stripes (tergite 2 to 6) of light setulae when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks: Resembling  T. comosus (see  T. comosus). Integument and setulae of pleura and legs ranges from brown to black. The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna lacking the ventral angle found in females, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, and the largest ones occupy the upper half of the eyes and are lighter than the smaller. The distribution of this species largely corresponds to the northwestern South America pattern of Amorim &amp; Pires (1996), with elements east and west the opening of the Amazon River at the east, but also including elements in Guyana Shield and in the southwest Amazon basin. In other groups, this distribution pattern applies to more than one species that, as a clade, corresponds to the northwestern South America track.</p><p>Examined material:  Ter. Amapá [BRASIL], Mazagão / Jari ao V. Nova, 1968, Damasceno [1♀] [MZUSP]; Fazenda Taperinha, Santarém, PA [Pará], BRASIL, x–xi. 1970, Exp. Perm.Amaz. [10♀] [MZUSP];  Bôca do Guajará,  Mun. Pôrto de Moz, P.A [Pará], BRASIL, x.1970,  Exp. Perm. Amaz. [one female photographed] [2♀] [MZUSP];   Belém,  Pará [BRASIL],  Damasceno [1♀] [MZUSP];   Maués, Am [Amazonas], Worontzow [2♀] [MZUSP];  BRASIL, Amazonas, C. UNIV - Manaus, 10–11 1979, J.A Rafael [1♀] [INPA]; BRASIL, Amazonas, Carauari, 5°05’31” S 67°10’03” W, vii.2005, Suspensa na praia [canopy at the beach] / A. Henriques &amp; Xavier-Filho leg. [3♀] [INPA];  BRA [BRASIL], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Amazonas</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Manacapuru</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Mundo Azul</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Sítio Agroinclusivo</a>, -3.279958 -60.546108, 10–14. viii.2020, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Malaise Mahlmann</a>, Nogueira &amp; Ribeiro Leg. [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Benjamin Constant</a> [Amazonas], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Rio Javari</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Alto do Amazonas</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Dirings</a> / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Jun</a> [vi].1962 [behind the label] / 545 [1♀] [MZUSP];   BRASIL, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.54611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.279958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.54611/lat -3.279958)">Amazonas</a>, Benjamin Constant, Campus UFAM, 04°21’42”S 70°02’04”W / iv.2004, Luz Mista, F.F. Xavier Leg [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.03445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3616667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.03445/lat -4.3616667)">Amazonas</a>, BR 319, Km 350, 5°12’56,4”S 61°50’22,6”W, 30.vii. 07–2.viii.2007, H. Gasca Leg [1♀] [INPA];  BRA [BRASIL], AM [Amazonas], Lago Ayapuá, Beruri, viii. 2007, 4°27’30” S 62°11’56” W, J.G Rabello leg. [1♀] [INPA]; Boca L. Beruri, Rio Purus, Am [Amazonas, Brasil], 11.xi.67, 670746 [1♀] [MZUSP];  BRASIL, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-62.19889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.458333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -62.19889/lat -4.458333)">Amazonas</a>, Costa do Urá, Rio Solimões, 23.x.83, V.M da Silva [2♀] [INPA];  BRASIL, AM [Amazonas], Fonte Boa, Estr. Mamopina, 023227S - 660408W, 23. IX.2005, arm. luz, J.A. Rafael &amp; F.F. Xavier Fº [Photographed] [1♂] [INPA] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042075B87551DF4254FF5E48C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A04206BB87151DF472FFBBF4A19.text	FB276A04206BB87151DF472FFBBF4A19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus importunus Wiedemann 1828	<div><p>Tabanus importunus Wiedemann</p><p>(Figure 32 A–D, 33 A–D, 34)</p><p>Tabanus importunus Wiedemann, 1828: 127 (list of species); Walker, 1854: 219 (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 250 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 309 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (cat.); Martins, 1940: 197 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (list of species); Pechuman, 1942: 58 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Fairchild, 1943: 444, figs. 2, 2a, 2b (list of species); Bequaert &amp; Renjifo-Salcedo, 1946: 80 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Barretto, 1957: 88 (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Aitken, 1960: 7 (list of species); Fairchild, 1966: 446 (list of species), 1967a: 99 (list of species); Iide, 1969: 211, figs. 1–52 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (tax.); Fairchild, 1970: 847 (list of species), 1971: 95 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 114 (cat.); Wilkerson, 1979: 376 (list of species); Fairchild, 1984: 25, map 1 (rev.), 1986: 113 (list of species); Raymond, 1990: 44 ( Trypanosoma vivax vector); Rafael et al., 1991: 362 (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 139 (cat.); Silva et al., 1995: 315 ( Trypanosoma evansi vector); Henriques &amp; Rafael, 1999: 216 (list of species); Barros et al., 2003: 10,11,13, table 1,2 (list of species); Gómez et al., 2005: 77 (list of species); Cambra, 2006: 124–125, table 2 (list of species); Barros &amp; Foil, 2007: 382, table 1 ( Tabanidae movement); Buestán et al., 2007: 171 (list of species); Cárdenas, et al. 2009: 18 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 132 (cat); Lima et al., 2015: 6 (list of species); Guimarães et al., 2016: 77 (list of species); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Krolow et al., 2017: 105 (list of species); Guimarães &amp; Aguiar, 2019: 17 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species); Henriques &amp; Krolow, 2020: 440 (list of species); Oliveira et al., 2022: 7–8, figs. 3 (list of species); Riccardi et al., 2022: 25 (list of species); Corrêa-Neto &amp; Henriques, 2023: 575–581, table 1, 2 (list of species). Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Tabanus monogramma Wiedemann, 1828: 150 (list of species); Walker, 1848: 167 (list of species), 1854: 219 (list of species); Hunter, 1901: 142 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 262 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 310 (cat.;  Tabanus ( Tabanus)); Fairchild, 1967a: 100 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus valterii Macquart, 1838b: 184 (1839a: 300) (list of species); Walker, 1854: 198 (list of species); Hunter, 1901: 144 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 291 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 315 (cat.;  Tabanus (Tabanus); Fairchild, 1956: 31 (syn.), 1967c: 252 (syn.; Macquart types)</p><p>Tabanus lividus Walker, 1848: 162; Kertész, 1908: 256 (cat.); Kröber, 1930b: 84 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)), 1934: 296 cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Stone, 1944: 136 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Bequaert &amp; Renjifo-Salcedo, 1946: 79 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Fairchild, 1956: 21 (syn.); Barretto, 1957: 87 ( Bellardia) (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus albidicollis Macquart, 1850: 336 (1850: 32) (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 219 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 10 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus semisordidus Walker, 1854: 208; Kertész, 1908: 278 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 28 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus albicollis Hunter, 1901: 139 (cat., error).</p><p>Distribution: Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Trinidad, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, and Argentina.</p><p>Type-locality: “ Brazil ”.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (16–22.2 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 5.0–6.0), convergent at the base (DI: 1.17–1.37). Palpus extremely short and inflated, smaller than half the length of the stylets, and drop-shaped. Postpedicel long and narrow, longer than high. Scutum and scutellum reddish-brown with gray pruinosity, mostly covered by setulae of the same color. Wing strong or slightly tinged at the end of cells br and bm, below the pterostigma, and in the fork of vein R 4+5. Abdomen orangish-brown with a black dorsomedial integumental and setulose stripe or a row of spots, and a row of dorsolateral spots (tergite I to IV) of orange setulae when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks: This is a highly variable species and its wide distribution in Panama and South America raise the suspicion that it could be a case of a small clade with cryptic species. Some specimens of  Tabanus importunus are difficult to distinguish from  T. nebulosus and  T. pseudonebulosus .  T. importunus differs from both species by having a wing strongly tinged at the end of the cells br and bm and below pterostigma, a drop-shaped, short and inflated palpus, and a scutum with grayish pruinosity. The antenna is never as seen in  T. pseudonebulosus (Fig. 10A).  T. pseudonebulosus has relatively smaller individuals (10.6–17.4 mm), with the wing hyaline or less tinged, rarely tinged below pterostigma, some may have the palpus similar to  T. importunus, but they never have the postpedicel of the antenna longer than high. The abdomen of  T. pseudonebulosus has a continuous black dorsomedial integumental stripe, which is present in  T. importunus and absent or reduced (tergite 1 to 2) in  T. nebulosus, and dorsomedial triangles of pale setulae when well-preserved, that are absent on  T. importunus and may be present in  T. nebulosus . The wing is hyaline or less tinged than in  T. nebulosus with seldom any tinged areas below pterostigma and at the wing base, and the palpus is longer and not inflated. The difficulty in separating these three species is accentuated when specimens are stored in ethanol, due to the loss of vestiture (setulae and pruinosity) characters, important for the identification of  Tabanidae . The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna lacking the ventral angle found in females, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, the largest ones occupy the upper half the eyes and are lighter than the smaller ones. As discussed above, an integrative approach to the taxonomy of the group would help to clarify the divergence between subclusters of what now fits into  Tabanus importunus and their separation from  T. nebulosus and  T. pseudonebulosus .</p><p>Examined material: Moja Pollo [PANAMA], R.P, 3–28–40 [1♀] [MZUSP];  Moja Pollo [PANAMA], R.P, 4–15–40 [1♀] [MZUSP]; Fazenda Taperinha, Santarém, PA [Pará], BRASIL, X–XI.1970, Exp. Perm. Amaz. [1♀] [MZUSP]; Boca Furo do Aquiqui,  Rio Amazonas, AM [Amazonas, BRAZIL], 11.VIII.1968, Exp. Perm. Amaz. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, RO [Rondônia], Porto Velho, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.45311&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.409166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.45311/lat -15.409166)">Rio Madeira</a>, 9º38.5’5.6” S 65º27’11.2” W, Malaise, 6º camp. T9 e T11, 28.iii–08.iv.2011. Silva &amp; Albuquerque col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq/ FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MT [Mato Grosso], Chap. dos Guimarães, P.N. Chapada dos Guimarães, 15º24’33” S 55º49’54.9”, Coleta manual (rede) [manual collection (net)], Sede ICMBio, 08.ix.2011, Lamas, C.J.E &amp; eq. col. [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MT [Mato Grosso], Tangará da Serra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.712223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.358273" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.712223/lat -14.358273)">Fazenda Aparecida da Serra</a>, Serra dos Parecis, 14º21’29.78”S 57º42’44”W, Malaise, 28. V.2008, Franciosi, R. (col) [1♀] [MZUSP]; Mato Grosso [BRAZIL], Rio 7 de Setembro, Posto Garaparu, Werner, XI-1949 [Photographed] [1♀] [MZUSP]; X-49 [on the lateral of the label], Mato Grosso [BRAZIL], Brejo Rudeia, 50km do  Rio 7 de Setembro, Werner col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MT [Mato Grosso], Cuiabá, Vale do Mutuca, Fazenda Sadia, 17–24.X.2009, G. Rosa, F. Fernandes, B. Medeiros &amp; L. Prado cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; XI-49 [on the lateral of the label], Mato Grosso [BRASIL], S. Domingos, Werner [1♀] [MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq/ FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Reserva Ecológica UEMS 20°26’07.2” S 55°39’32.8” W, Malaise 09, 26.ix–11.x.2011, Lamas, Nihei eq. col. [1♂] [MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq/ FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bodoquena, Fazenda Califórnia, 20°41’49.08”S 56º52’54.0”W, Malaise 5, 06.x.2011, Lamas eq. col. / 21.ix–6.x.2011 [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto Murtinho (norte), Estrada para <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-56.881664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.696966" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -56.881664/lat -20.696966)">Pirizal—Km</a> 18, 21°33’0.5”S 57º 45’35”W, 19–31.i.2008, Nihei S, Figueiredo R &amp; Almeida J [1♀] [MZUSP];  Goiânia - GO [Goiás, BRAZIL], 09–11-1991, Jacomé, A.G [Photographed] [1♂] [UFG]; 50126 [On a green label] / Ilha do Bananal-GO [Tocantins, BRAZIL], 29-ix-1987, P.B. Silva, leg [1♀] [UFG]; 50125 [On a green label] / Ilha do Bananal-GO [ Tocantins, BRAZIL], 29- ix-1987, P.B. Silva, leg [1♀] [UFG]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”, 04.xii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [5♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [4♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Chapada Gaúcha, P. N. Grande Sertão Veredas, Cerrado, 15°10’29.6”S 45º43’17.6”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [7♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Chapada Gaúcha, P. N. Grande Sertão Veredas, Cerrado, 15°10’30.6”S 45º43’16.6”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL MG [Minas Gerais], Uberaba, IFTM, 19°39’55”S 47°57’29”W, Malaise Vareda, 1– 17.x.2019, Capelari leg. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Perdizes, EDPA Galheiro, Galheiro, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.148613&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.30861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.148613/lat -19.30861)">Céu do Cavalo</a>, 19º18’31”S 42°8’55”W, Malaise, 5–23.ix.2020, RS Capellari &amp; SH Seike, leg [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a> (20°00’13” S 50°26’02” W) 16.xii.2008 - W. Noll leg [30♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a> (20°00’13” S 50°26’02” W) 05.xii.2007 - W. Noll leg [39♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, São Paulo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.514444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.514444)">Turmalina. Fazenda Primavera</a> (20°30’52” S 50°26’02” W) 26.ix.2008. Malaise Branca. F.B. Noll leg. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, São Paulo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.06222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.820002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.06222/lat -21.820002)">Getulina. Santa América</a> (21°49’12” S 50°03’44” W) 31.x–26.xi.2016 - Malaise trap on moist soil. RS Capellari leg. [1♀] [MZUSP].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A04206BB87151DF472FFBBF4A19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A04206FB87151DF446BFC7E49FE.text	FB276A04206FB87151DF446BFC7E49FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus lutzi Krober 1934	<div><p>Tabanus lutzi Kröber</p><p>(Figs 35 A–D, 36)</p><p>Tabanus lutzi Kröber, 1934: 296 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus), nom. nov. para  macquarti Kröber, 1930); Pechuman, 1942: 56 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (list of species); Stone, 1944: 136 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Fairchild, 1967b: 362 (list of species), 1971: 96 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 120 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 26, fig. 16, map 5 (rev.); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 141 (cat.); Ríos et al., 2004: 61, 62 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 134 (cat.).</p><p>Tabanus macquarti Kröber, 1930b: 83 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus); preocc. Schiner, 1868); Fairchild 1967b: 362 (list of species).</p><p>Distribution: Colombia, Venezuela.</p><p>Type-locality: “ Venezuela ”.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (19.7 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 6.0), parallel or convergent at base (DI: 1.2). Scutum and scutellum integument reddish-brown and mostly yellowish pruinose and setulose. Pleura with a slightly evident tuft of dark setulae below the wing base. Wing light brown tinged at cells br and bm and costal cell. Legs integument ranges from light brown to black, with setulae exhibiting the same color variation. Abdomen integument yellowish-brown without well-defined setulae spots, yellowish setulae on dorsolateral and central portion darker (tergite I to IV), from tergite IV onwards only dark setulae.</p><p>Remarks: Our illustrated specimen of  Tabanus lutzi (Figs. 35A–D) has the thorax and legs darker than the holotype. This color range has also been documented by Fairchild (1984).  T. lutzi is easily distinguished from other species of the  T. nebulosus group due to the absence of any dorsal spots, triangles or stripes on the abdomen. This in some extension resembles  T. punctipleura, but these species can be easily separated by the long antennal tooth (which is absent in  T. lutzi) and a tuft of evident dark setulae on the pleura, which is less noticeable in  T. lutzi . Fairchild (1984) suggested that  T. lutzi might belong to the  T. nebulosus group, but he was uncertain of the species placement. We decided to keep the species in the  T. nebulosus group due to the presence of the pre-scutellar black setulae spot and frons similar to other species of the group. The male is unknown. The localities in Colombia with  T. lutzi fits the Andean/Mesoamerica distribution pattern of Amorim &amp; Pires (1996). If this is correct, it is likely that this species should also be found in Panama and Costa Rica, for example.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A04206FB87151DF446BFC7E49FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A04206DB87D51DF40A9FDF94DE5.text	FB276A04206DB87D51DF40A9FDF94DE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus nebulosus De Geer 1776	<div><p>Tabanus nebulosus De Geer</p><p>(Figs 37 A–D, 38 A–D, 39)</p><p>Tabanus nebulosus De Geer, 1776: 227, pl. 30, fig. 2 (list of species); Kertész, 1908: 263 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 312 (cat.;  Tabanus ( Tabanus)); Philip, 1952: 31 (list of species); Barretto, 1957: 88 (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Aitken, 1960: 7 (list of species); Fairchild, 1961c: 32 (list of species), 1966: 446 (list of species); Philip, 1969: 128 (tax.); Fairchild, 1971: 97 (cat.); Hogue &amp; Fairchild, 1974: 26 (list of species); Moucha, 1976: 125 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 27, map 3, 1986: 115, figs. 1F, J (rev.); Rafael et al., 1991: 362 (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 142 (cat.); Barros et al., 2003: 10,11,13, table 1,2 (list of species); Ríos et al., 2004: 61, 62 (list of species); Cambra, 2006: 124–125, table 2 (list of species); Buestán et al., 2007: 172 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 135 (cat); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Krolow et al., 2017: 105 (list of species); Guimarães &amp; Aguiar, 2019: 18 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species); Henriques &amp; Krolow, 2020: 440 (list of species); Oliveira et al., 2022: 7–8, figs. 3 (list of species); Riccardi et al, 2022: 25 (list of species); Veroy et al., 2022: 37, fig. 4F (list of species); Corrêa-Neto &amp; Henriques, 2023: 575 (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography); Zamarchi et al. 2023: 3 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus? surinamensis Macquart, 1838a: 136 (1838: 132) (list of species); Walker, 1854: 204 (list of species); Hunter, 1901 (cat.): 144; Kertész, 1908: 284 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 314 (cat.;  Tabanus (Tabanu s)).</p><p>Tabanus incertus Macquart, 1838a:151 (1838: 147) (list of species); Blanchard, 1852: 392, pl. 2, fig. 1 (tax.); Walker, 1854: 263 (list of species); Philippi, 1865: 713 (list of species); Hunter, 1901: 141 (cat.); Kröber, 1934: 309 (cat.;  Tabanus ( Tabanus)); Fairchild, 1956: 19 (syn.); Coscarón &amp; Philip, 1967: 255 (rev.).</p><p>Tabanus ferrifer Walker, 1850a: 30; Aldrich, 1905: 203 ( Tabanus) (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 241 (cat.;  Tabanus); Kröber, 1930a: 262, fig. 7 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (Tax.; Tabanini), 1934: 295 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Bequaert, 1940: 298, fig. 3A–D (list of species); Pechuman, 1942: 56 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (list of species); Fairchild, 1943: 444, figs. 3, 3a, 3b (list of species); Stone, 1944: 135 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Bequaert &amp; Renjifo-Salcedo, 1946: 80 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Fairchild, 1956: 16 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus erythraeus Brèthes, 1907: 68, (list of species, misident).</p><p>Tabanus druyvesteijni Szilády, 1926: 26, pl. 4, fig. 20; Kröber, 1929a: 130, fig. 19 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)), 1930a: 263 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)), 1934: 295 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Pechuman, 1942: 56 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus transversalifuscatus Kröber, 1930a: 263 (syn.  druyvesteijni Szilády, 1926).</p><p>Tabanus nubeculipennis Kröber, 1931c: 298; Kröber, 1934: 312 (cat.;  Tabanus ( Tabanus)); Fairchild, 1967b: 374 (list of species).</p><p>Distribution: Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad, Barbados, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Colombia, Peru, Brazil (Roraima, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão, Acre, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Goiás (new record), and Mato Grosso do Sul), and Paraguay.</p><p>Type-locality: “ Surinam ”.</p><p>Diagnosis: Relatively large specimens (14.2–20.2 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.5), convergent at the base (DI: 1.1–1.40). Palpus long, equal to or greater than half the length of the stylets, not inflated. Postpedicel of antenna long and narrow, longer than high. Wing with weak brownish clouds at crossveins and the fork of vein R 4+5, hyaline costal cell, and rarely tinged below the pterostigma. Scutum and scutellum integument reddish-brown, usually covered with brown pruinosity, sometimes gray. Dorsal comb of golden setae on hind tibia. Abdomen with reddish-brown integument, last tergites may be darker, occasionally present a black dorsomedial integumental line (tergite 1 to 2 or sometimes more), dorsomedial pale setulose triangles sometimes present, and dorsolateral patches of pale setulae always present when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks: This is another highly variable species, with its nominal distribution from Central America to Paraguay, including north and central Brazil. The pruinosity and setulae of the scutum, scutellum and pleura may vary from reddish-brown to grayish. The wing can be hyaline to uniformly slightly brown infuscated or with weak, sometimes barely perceptible, clouds at crossveins and the fork of vein R 4+5. The dorsomedial abdominal triangles of pale setulae are present on northern specimens, often absent on those from south of the Amazon river (Fairchild, 1984). Some specimens are difficult to distinguish from  T. pseudonebulosus (see comment on  T. importunus).  T. nebulosus also resembles  T. glaucus (see  T. glaucus). The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna lacking the ventral angle found in females, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, and the largest ones occupy the upper half of the eyes and are lighter than the smaller ones. Our examined material includes the first record of the species for the state of Goiás.  Tabanus nebulosus has a large distribution in Central and South America and it will be interesting to have an integrative taxonomy approach of the species checking the divergence among the populations across its entire range.</p><p>Examined material:   Moja Pollo [PANAMA], A.P, 3–28–40 [2♀] [MZUSP]; Ft. Kobbe E.Z. [PANAMA] 12 Dez. 56, horse trap. [1♀] [MZUSP];   Canal Zone, Pan [PANAMA], 1929. L.H. Dunn [1♀] [MZUSP];   FRANÇA [FRENCH GUIANA],  Riviére de Cayenne, Stn 2, ZL, 04°54.7’98”N 052°21.6’08”W, 4.x.2009, JMA, MT et CL, coll. [1♀] [MZUSP];  Santana, Terr. Amapá, BRASIL, 17.x1957, J.Lane Leg [Photographed] [1♀] [INPA];  Belém, Pará [BRASIL],  Damasceno / eyes relaxed [in pencil handwritten] uniform green / Compared homo- [handwritten] with type ♀  T. nebulosus De Gr. T. ferrifer Wlx. T. incertus Macq, CB. Philip Jan 56, Agrees closely [1♀] [MZUSP];  BRASIL, RR [Roraima], Alto Alegre, Flora Roraima, 2°56’28” N 61°37’40” W, vii. 2018, Arm. Malaise, Boldrini leg. [Photographed] [1♂] [INPA];  BRASIL, Roraima, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.346943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.5216665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.346943/lat -7.5216665)">Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca</a> / 21–30.xi.1987, J.A Rafael e equipe [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Amazonas, Humaitá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.346943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.5216665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.346943/lat -7.5216665)">Rio Ipixuna</a>, 07º31’18”S 63°20’49”W, x.2014, Arm. Malaise, JA Rafael, FF Xavier-Fº, RM Vieira &amp; RH Aquino [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Amazonas, Novo Aripuanã, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.346943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.5216665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.346943/lat -7.5216665)">Reserva Soka</a>, 05°15’53”S 60º07’08”W, 17–25.viii.1999 [1♀] [INPA];   BRASIL, Rondônia, Nova Mamoré, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.346943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.5216665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.346943/lat -7.5216665)">Parque Estadual de Guarujá-Mirim, Rio Formoso</a>, 101926S 643388W / 23.x.1995, J. Vidal, 16.002 5 [handwritten] em cavalo [at horse] [1♀] [INPA]; XI-31. GOYAZ  [BRASIL, Goiás] (Vianópolis), Coll. R. Splitz [1♀] [MZUSP];  BRASIL, MT [Mato Grosso], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.014057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.57514" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.014057/lat -19.57514)">BR 174, Km 178</a>, 4.x.1984, Arm. Malaise, Elias Binda [1♀] [INPA];   SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Corumbá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.014057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.57514" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.014057/lat -19.57514)">Base de Estudos do Pantanal</a> 19°34’30.5” S 57º00’50,6” W Malaise 3, 18.x.2011, Lamas eq. col. [1♀] [MZUSP];   SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP, BRASIL [on the lateral of the label], MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Corumbá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.014057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.57514" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.014057/lat -19.57514)">Base de Estudos do Pantanal</a> 19°34’20.9”S 57º00’57.9”W Malaise 2, 18.x.2011, Lamas eq. col. / 03–18.x.2011 [1♀] [MZUSP];  SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Corumbá —BEP, 19°34’20.09”S 57º00’57.9”W, Malaise, 05.ix.2011, Lamas e eq. col. [1♀] [MZUSP];  SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.016083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.572248" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.016083/lat -19.572248)">Serra da Bodoquena, Fazenda California</a>, 20°41’49.08”S 56º52’54.0”W, Malaise 04, 06–22.x.2011, Lamas, Nihei &amp; eq. col, [1♀][MZUSP]  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A04206DB87D51DF40A9FDF94DE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042060B87F51DF40A9FCAE4894.text	FB276A042060B87F51DF40A9FCAE4894.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus olivaceiventris Macquart 1847	<div><p>Tabanus olivaceiventris Macquart</p><p>(Figs 40 A–D, 41)</p><p>Tabanus olivaceiventris Macquart, 1847: 34 (1847: 18); Walker, 1854: 200; Hunter, 1901: 143 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 267 (cat.); Kröber, 1929a: 137 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (tax.; Tabanini), 1934: 296 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Bequaert, 1926: 231 (list of species); Pechuman, 1942: 56 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus) (list of species); Stone, 1944: 136 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Bequaert &amp; Renjifo-Salcedo, 1946: 80 ( Tabanus ( Tabanus)) (list of species); Barretto, 1957: 87 ( Bellardia) (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Aitken, 1960: 7 (list of species); Fairchild, 1964: 184 (tax.), 1966: 447 (list of species), 1971: 98 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 128 (cat.); Wilkerson, 1979: 380 (list of species); Fairchild, 1984: 30, fig. 17, map 8 (rev.), 1986: 118 (list of species); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 144 (cat.); Ríos et al., 2004: 61, 62 (list of species); Cambra, 2006: 124–125, table 2 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 138 (cat); Krolow et al., 2017 (list of species): 106; Guimarães &amp; Aguiar, 2019: 18 (list of species); Corrêa-Neto &amp; Henriques, 2023: 575–581, table 1, 2 (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Tabanus punctum Rondani, 1848: 105; Hunter, 1901: 143 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 271 (cat.); Philip, 1965: 121 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus imponens Walker, 1857: 122; Kertész, 1908: 250 (cat.); Kröber, 1929a: 128, figs. 9, 9a ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)), 1934: 295 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Martins, 1940: 196 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (list of species); Pechuman, 1942: 56 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Fairchild, 1956: 19 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus pulverulentus Bigot, 1892: 665 ( Atylotus); Kertész, 1908: 271 (cat.); Fairchild, 1956: 26 (syn.).</p><p>Tabanus olivaceiventris Lutz, 1911 b: 35, (list of species, nomen nudum); Fairchild, 1961a: 281 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus viridescens Kröber, 1931c: 296 (list of species); Kröber, 1934: 315 (cat.;  Tabanus (Tabanus); Fairchild, 1967b: 375 (list of species); Moucha, 1968: 5 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus coriarius Kröber, 1934: 296 (cat.; as syn. of  imponens Walker, 1857).</p><p>Distribution: Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil (Amapá, Pará, and Maranhão), Trinidad.</p><p>Type-locality: Brazil, Pará.</p><p>Diagnosis: Relatively large specimens (13.5–20.2 mm). Narrow frons (FI: 4.5–6.4), parallel or convergent at the base (DI: 1.0–1.4). Wing hyaline or uniformly light brown infuscated. Scutum and scutellum covered by pale grayish pruinosity. Abdomen integument light yellow to pale greenish, olive green, sometimes with dorsomedial and dorsolateral pale setulose spots or stripes, when well preserved. Legs with brownish integument and mostly pale setulae.</p><p>Remarks:  Tabanus olivaceiventris varies in size and wing color, some specimens having infuscated wings and the abdominal setulae may be black, yellow or have three pale stripes (Fairchild, 1984). Nevertheless, specimens are easily identified by the pale greenish abdomen integument and most often have hyaline wing. The type of  T. olivaceiventris is lost (Fairchild, 1984) and the species description available so far is short. It is, however, relatively common in northern South America and Fairchild’s (1984) morphological discussion is enough for identification. The male is paler, with the abdomen densely covered by white setulae, and the enlarged facets occupy half of the eyes and are fairly well-differentiated from the smaller facets, but not well-demarcated (Fairchild, 1984). The distribution of  T. olivaceiventris largely overlaps the known distribution of  Tabanus comosus and partially fits the Northwestern Amazonia track of Amorim &amp; Pires (1996).</p><p>Examined material:  Santana, Terr. Amapá, BRASIL, 17 [handwritten] X-1957, J. Lane leg. [4♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, Pará, Belém [2♀] [MZUSP]; Santana, Terr. Amapá, BRASIL, 18 [handwritten] X-1957, J. Lane leg. [One female photographed] [2♀] [MZUSP]; Belém, PA [Pará, BRASIL], X [handwritten].1964, E. Dente leg. [1♀] [MZUSP]; Belém, Pará, BRASIL, IX.1964, E. Dente [1♀] [MZUSP]; Belém, Pará, BRASIL, III.1964, E. Dente [1♀] [MZUSP]; Belém, Pará [BRASIL], Damasceno [1♀] [MZUSP];  Instituto Agronômico do Norte, Belém, PA [Pará], Brasil ,  VII.1965, I. Gomes col. [6♀] [MZUSP] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042060B87F51DF40A9FCAE4894	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042061B87A51DF46D3FCE14C35.text	FB276A042061B87A51DF46D3FCE14C35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus ornativentris (Krober 1929)	<div><p>Tabanus ornativentris (Kröber)</p><p>(Figs 42 A–D, 43 A–D, 44)</p><p>Hybostraba ornativentris Kröber, 1929a: 182, pl. 2, figs. 10–11 (in the syn. of  druyvesteijni Szilády, 1926); Fairchild, 1956: 25 (syn.), 1967b: 363 (list of species; as  Tabanus (Lophotabanus) .</p><p>Tabanus interpunctus Lutz 1918 in Lutz et al. 1918: 167 ( Tabanus), nomen nudum; Fairchild, 1961a: 288 (list of species, as syn. of  T. nebulosus spp.  ornativentris).</p><p>Tabanus nebulosus ornativentris; Coscarón, 1967: 127 (list of species); Coscarón, 1979: 266, figs. 4F–T (list of species); Hack, 1970: 274, tables 6, 9–10, gaph 6 (period of activity); Moucha, 1969: 2 (Stuttgart Museum types); Fairchild, 1984: 28, map 3 (rev.); Chainey, 1990: 295 (cat.); Coscarón et al., 1998: 96, figs. 21–22 (larva), 23–28 (pupa); Barros et al., 2003: 10,11,13, table 1,2 (list of species); Miletti et al. 2011: 125, table 1 (seasonality); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2014 (key imm.); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Martínez, 2019: 45 (list of species); Guimarães &amp; Aguiar, 2019: 18 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species).</p><p>Tabanus nebulosus var. ornativentris; Moucha, 1976: 120 (cat.).</p><p>Distribution: Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Santa Catarina), Argentina (Tucumán, Formosa, Corrientes, Santa Fé, Chaco), Bolivia (Potrero), Paraguay, and Uruguay.</p><p>Type-locality: Argentina, Formosa; Bolivia, Portrero.</p><p>Diagnosis: Large specimens (15–19.1 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.16–5.63), convergent at base (DI: 1.25–1.66). Wing with strong dark clouds at crossveins and fork of vein R 4+5. Fore tibia bicolored, paler at base. Dorsal comb of black setae on hind tibia. Abdomen reddish-brown, last tergites may be darker, may present a dorsomedial black integumental stripe (tergite 1 to 7 or less), and may also present dorsomedial triangles and dorsolateral oblique spots of pale setulae when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks: Kröber (1929a) redescribed  Tabanus druyvesteijni Szilády, a junior synonym of  T. nebulosus, mentioning that the specimens under his possession was originally recognized as  Hybostraba ornativentris . Although he never formally described the species, Kröber (1929a) commented that  H. ornativentris would be a junior synonym of  T. druyvestreijni . Fairchild (1956) placed  T. ornativentris as a subspecies of  T. nebulosus, what was later followed by Coscarón (1979). In the material available to Fairchild (1956), there was no geographical overlap of  T. ornativentris with  T. nebulosus (Fairchild, 1984, map 3)—his records of  T. ornativentris at that moment were for Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia, while the records for  T. nebulosus were from Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso), Venezuela, Belize, and Nicaragua. As more data became available, geographic overlap between both these nominal species have been observed in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso (Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017). In the Catalog of Neotropical  Tabanidae (Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b),  T. ornativentris was treated as a synonym of  T. nebulosus, but without addressing the morphological differences to support the synonymy. More recently, in their catalog for the fauna of  Tabanidae from Uruguay, Coscarón &amp; Martinez (2019) treated  T. ornativentris as a subspecies of  T. nebulosus, again without a formal discussion. Recently, Krolow et al., (2024) proposed the revalidation of  T. ornativentris as a valid species. We agree with their position and there are noticeable morphological differences between the two species, as already mentioned in the literature (e.g. Coscarón, 1979; Fairchild, 1984; Coscarón et al., 1998).  T. ornativentris is easily separated from  T. nebulosus (see  T. nebulosus) due to the strong clouds present on the wing crossveins, reduced dorsolateral abdominal setulose pale triangles. An additional character is that  T. nebulosus has a comb of golden setae along the hind tibia, while in  T. ornativentris these setae are black.  T. ornativentris also differs from  T. nebulosus in larval morphology (Coscarón et al., 1998). The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, and the largest ones occupy the upper half of the eyes and are lighter than the smaller ones. The distribution of  T. ornativentris is pretty much well delimited and perfectly fits the Northern Argentina and Southern Brazil pattern of Amorim &amp; Pires (1996).</p><p>Examined material: SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MT [Mato Grosso do Sul], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.778473&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.683249" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.778473/lat -21.683249)">Porto Murtinho</a>, 21°40’59.7”S 57°46’42.5”W, Malaise 31, 26.xii.2011 – 10.i.2012, Lamas, Nihei &amp; eq col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.759724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.550138" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.759724/lat -21.550138)">Porto Murtinho</a>, Ponto APA Cachoeira, 21°50’0.5”S 57º 34’742”W, Malaise 1, 21–29.i.2008, Esteves et al col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Porto Murtinho (norte), Estrada para Pirizal—Km18, 21°33’0.5”S 57º45’35”W, 19–31.i.2008, Nihei S, Figueiredo [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.817223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.608334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.817223/lat -21.608334)">Porto Murtinho</a>, Fazenda São Fernando—Km 12, 21°36’30”S 57º49’02”W, 19– 31.i.2008, Nihei S, Figueiredo R &amp;  Almeida J (col.) [1♀] [MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq/ FAPESP [on the lateral of the label], BRASIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.016083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.572248" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.016083/lat -19.572248)">Corumbá</a>, Passo do Lontra —BEP, 19°34’20.09”S 57º00’57.9”W, Malaise 2, 06–18.ix.2011, Lamas, Nihei &amp; eq. col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; 06.x.47 [on the lateral of the label], PARAGUAY, Vila Rica [Guairá], Schade col. [One female photographed] [1♀, 2♂] [MZUSP]; xi.47 [on the lateral of the label], PARAGUAY, Vila Rica [Guairá], Schade col. [One male photographed] [1♀, 1♂] [MZUSP]; 22.xii.49 [on the lateral of the label], PARAGUAY, Vila Rica [Guairá], Schade col. [1♂] [MZUSP]; xi.50 [on the lateral of the label], PARAGUAY, Vila Rica [Guairá], Col. Duvet [on the back of the label] [1♀] [MZUSP]; Sacupay, PARAGUAY [Paraguarí], 23/24.xi.71 [1♀] [MZUSP]; 28.ii.47 [on the lateral of the label], PARAGUAY, Serra Pelada, Schade col. [1♀] [MZUSP]; General Pedro (N), PARAGUAY, 1972 [1♀] [MZUSP]; 9.xii.45 [on the lateral of the label], ARGENTINA, Saltá,  Sta. Victoria, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP]; i.1947 [on the lateral of the label], ARGENTINA, Chaco,  Resistencia, Coll Duret, Baero Leg. [on the lateral of the label] [1♀] [MZUSP]; i.1947 [on the lateral of the label], ARGENTINA, Chaco,  Resistencia, Coll Duret, Baero Leg. [on the lateral of the label] / Compared homo- [handwritten] with type ♀  Tabanus ornativentris C.B. Philip 56, Krb. Agrees closely [1♀] [MZUSP]; 18.xii.49, [on the lateral of the label] Chaco [ARGENTINA], La Verde, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP]; 2.xii.49 [on the lateral of the label] ARGENTINA, Chaco,  Laguna Limpia, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP]; 18.xi.49 [on the lateral of the label], Chaco [ARGENTINA],  Las Palmas, Rio de Oro, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP]; 11.xii.50 [on the lateral of the label], Chaco [ARGENTINA], Pto. Bermejo, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP]; I– II-1953 [on the lateral of the label], Rep. Argt. [ARGENTINA], Terr. Formosa,  Gran Guardia, Col. J. Foerster [1♀] [MZUSP]; 26.i.48 [on the lateral of the label], ARGENTINA, Jujuy,  St. Barbara, Col. Duret [1♀] [MZUSP].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042061B87A51DF46D3FCE14C35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042064B84551DF4616FB9A4DC1.text	FB276A042064B84551DF4616FB9A4DC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb & Barros 2006	<div><p>Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb &amp; Barros</p><p>(Figs 45 A–D, 46 A–D, 47)</p><p>Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb &amp; Barros, 2006: 213, figs. 1–13 (description); Barros &amp; Foil, 2007: 381 ( Tabanidae seasonality); Henriques et al., 2012: 278 (cat. corrections); Krolow &amp; Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species); Oliveira et al., 2022: 9, figs. 4 E (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).</p><p>Distribution: Venezuela (Guarico, Aguaio, Santa Elena, Palmarito), Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais (new record), and Goiás (new record), and Bolivia.</p><p>Type-locality: Brazil, Pará, Santana do Araguaia.</p><p>Diagnosis: Medium to moderately large sized specimens (10.6–17.4 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.5–5.8), convergent at base (DI: 1.15–1.35). Palpus ranges from longer than half of the stylets to smaller than half of the stylets. Postpedicel short and wide, always as high as long. Scutum and scutellum brown with gray pruinosity. Wing usually hyaline or with weak clouds on the crossveins and at the fork of vein R 4+5 or slightly tinged at the end of cells br and bm. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a dorsomedial black integumental stripe (tergite 2 to 7), dorsomedial triangles and dorsolateral pale setulose spots when well-preserved.</p><p>Remarks:  Tabanus pseudonebulosus is another highly variable species, with large range of body size, palpus length and some differences in wing patterns. In some cases, it is difficult to distinguish  T. pseudonebulosus from  T. nebulosus and  T. importunus, especially in poorly preserved specimens (see discussion below). Gorayeb &amp; Barros (2006) present a character table to differentiate these three species.  T. pseudonebulosus differs by having a short and wide postpedicel (as high as long), wing hyaline or with weak clouds on the crossveins and at the fork of vein R 4+5, and a smaller size, compared to the other two species. Analyzing paratypes from MZUSP, it was observed that the palpus of some specimens of  T. pseudonebulosus is short and inflated, as in  T. importunus, not mentioned in the original description. This was the main feature used here to identify  T. importunus . Material examined from Goiás, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros (25♀), and from Minas Gerais, Chapada Gaúcha, Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas (1♀) showed specimens of  T. pseudonebulosus with some overlap of features seen in  T. importunus: wing slightly tinged at the end of cells br and bm and below the pterostigma and extremely short palpus (less than half of the stylets). The postpedicel, however, in  T. pseudonebulosus was always short and wide. The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna (the ventral angle found in female lacking in males), more setulose, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, and the largest ones occupy the upper half of the eyes. This species is recorded for the first time for the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais for the first time. The species has a wide distribution in South America and is another case that would be interesting to address with an integrative taxonomy approach.</p><p>Examined material: BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.735558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.735558/lat -14.128612)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [4♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.735558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.735558/lat -14.128612)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♂, 1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.735558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.735558/lat -14.128612)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.735&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.735/lat -14.128612)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.721558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.17489" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.721558/lat -15.17489)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.721558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.17489" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.721558/lat -15.17489)">Cerrado</a>, 15°10’29.6”S 45°43’17.6”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.735&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.735/lat -14.128612)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.721558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.17489" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.721558/lat -15.17489)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.721558&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.17489" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.721558/lat -15.17489)">Cerrado</a>, 15°10’29.6”S 45°43’17.6”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 17.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 31.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.767776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.767776/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.734444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.734444/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado queimado [Burned cerrado], 14°07’44”S 47°44’04”W, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 03.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 14.xii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Cerrado Queimado</a> [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [Photographed] [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.768612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.143333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.768612/lat -14.143333)">Cerrado</a>, 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.128889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.128889)">Alto Paraíso</a> de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [7♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°43’97”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°43’97”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [2♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros,  Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°43’97”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♂] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°43’97”W, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [3♀] [MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq FAPESP [On the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Corumbá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.019054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.569862" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.019054/lat -19.569862)">Base de Estudos do Pantanal</a>, 19°34’11.5” S 57º01’8.6” W, Malaise 1, 18.x.2011, Lamas eq. col. / 03–18.x.2011 [Photographed] [1♀] [MZUSP]; BRAZIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Chapada Gaúcha, P. N. Grande Sertão Veredas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.72128&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.175167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.72128/lat -15.175167)">Cerrado</a>, 15°10’30.6”S 45º43’16.6”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto &amp; Lara cols. [1♀] [MZUSP].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042064B84551DF4616FB9A4DC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042058B84751DF40A9FAC94EDD.text	FB276A042058B84751DF40A9FAC94EDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus punctipleura Hine 1920	<div><p>Tabanus punctipleura Hine</p><p>(Figs 48 A–D, 49)</p><p>Tabanus punctipleura Hine, 1920: 314 (list of species); Kröber, 1930a: 261 ( Tabanus (Lophotabanus)) (Tax. Tabanini), 1934: 296 (cat.;  Tabanus (Lophotabanus)); Fairchild, 1947: 569, figs. 4, 4a, 4b (list of species), 1961c: 32 (list of species), 1971: 100 (cat.); Hogue &amp; Fairchild, 1974: 26 (list of species); Moucha, 1976: 134 (cat.); Fairchild, 1984: 33, map 4, 1986: 123 (rev.); Fairchild &amp; Burger, 1994: 147 (cat.); Cambra, 2006: 124–125, table 2 (list of species); Coscarón &amp; Papavero, 2009b: 140 (cat);</p><p>Distribution: Costa Rica, Panama.</p><p>Type-locality: Costa Rica, San Carlos.</p><p>Diagnosis: One of the largest species of  Tabanus in the Americas (Fairchild, 1984) (reaching 23mm). Frons narrow (FI: 5.6), parallel or divergent at the base (DI: 1.0). Postpedicel with a long dorsal tooth, larger than one-third of the postpedicel’s size. Scutum and scutellum integument purplish-brown with gray pruinosity and black setulae. Pleura yellowish-brown setulose except for a well-defined tuft of dark setulae below the wing base. Wing light brown infuscated. Abdomen integument darker than thorax, without any dorsal setulose or integument well-defined spots, triangles or stripes, except for pale yellow setulose tufts on the posterolateral margin of tergites I to IV or V.</p><p>Remarks: We had no specimens of  T. punctipleura available for examination in this study. The species diagnosis presented here is based on Hine’s (1920 b) description, on Fairchild’s (1947, 1984, 1986) comments, and on photos of the holotype made available in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History database.  T. punctipleura is easily distinguished from other species in the  T. nebulosus group due to the absence of any dorsal spots, triangles or stripes on the abdomen, whether it integumental or setulose, the long postpedicel tooth, and the well-defined setulose dark tuft on the pleura (see  T.lutzi). The male is similar to the female except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna lacking the ventral angle found in females, holoptic eyes with the facets poorly-demarcated, and the largest ones occupying less than a half of the upper eye areal (Fairchild, 1986).  T. punctipleura has part of the Andean/Mesoamerican components of Amorim &amp; Pires (1996, Fig. 27), and it would not be a surprise to find the species further north in Central America and in Colombia west to the Andes in the areas of Cauca, Bojayá etc.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042058B84751DF40A9FAC94EDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A042059B84751DF44F5FB41496B.text	FB276A042059B84751DF44F5FB41496B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus rondoniensis Henriques, Krolow, Zamarchi & Camargo 2022	<div><p>Tabanus rondoniensis Henriques, Krolow, Zamarchi &amp; Camargo</p><p>(Figs 50 A–D, 51)</p><p>Tabanus rondoniensis Henriques et al., 2022: 3, fig. 1, A–E (description); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography); Zamarchi et al. 2023: 3, table 1 (list of species).</p><p>Distribution: Brazil (Rondônia, Acre (Augusto Loureiro Henriques, Personal Communication)).</p><p>Type-locality: Brazil, Rondônia, Monte Negro.</p><p>Diagnosis: Relatively large specimens(15–17mm), brownish integument.Frons narrow (FI:5.5–6.0), convergent at base (DI: 1.5–1.8). Scutum and scutellum brown with mixed yellowish and black setulose, prescutellum black surrounded by white setulae that are also distributed throughout the scutellum. Wing with light brown infuscation at the anterior half. Abdomen with a single row of well-defined and connected dorsomedial light setulose triangles (tergite 2 to 5), reduced to a narrow strip on tergite 6, posterolateral margin of the tergite pale yellowish setulose (Henriques et al. 2022).</p><p>Remarks: We had no specimens of  T. rondoniensis available for this study and the diagnosis here was made based on the original description and illustrations (Henriques et al. 2022). The species can be easily distinguished from other species in the  T. nebulosus group based on the evident and continuous dorsomedial row of triangles on the abdomen.  T. guyanensis and  T. comosus also have a noticeable dorsomedial row of triangles, but both species also have dorsolateral rows of triangles, which are absent in  T. rondoniensis . The male is unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A042059B84751DF44F5FB41496B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
FB276A04205FB84D51DF40A9FEE54C8D.text	FB276A04205FB84D51DF40A9FEE54C8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tabanus vestigium Dutra & Amorim & Carmo 2025	<div><p>Tabanus vestigium sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FBF3D8F6-4D4F-4FE5-B3EB-C8FFCF342FB0</p><p>(Figs 52 A–D, 53 A–D, 54 A–F, 55)</p><p>Distribution: Brazil (São Paulo).</p><p>Type-locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Araçatuba.</p><p>Diagnosis: Medium to moderately large sized specimens (12,8– 17mm). Frons relatively broad (FI: 3.5–4), and convergent at base (DI: 1.2–1.5). Palpus mostly covered by black setulae. Wing hyaline. Scutum yellowish-brown with a broad dorsomedial and two narrower dorsolateral gray pruinosity stripes. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a row of dorsomedial pale setulose acute triangles and dorsolateral oblique spots, footprint-shaped, of the same color (tergite I to VI).</p><p>Description: Female Holotype: Moderately large species, body 15,8 mm, wing 14,3 mm. Frons wide (FI: 3.5) and convergent at base (DI: 1.3), yellowish-brown, yellowish pruinose with mostly black and few golden setulae, callus yellowish-brown and drop-shaped, not touching the eye margin, prolonged in a narrow median callus, surpassing half of frons, vertex white pruinose and slightly sunken, weak vestigial ocelli. Subcallus and gena concolor with frons, subcallus rectangular shaped and yellowish pruinose, gena whitish pruinose with white setulae, yellowish pruinose band lateral to subcallus. Clypeus yellowish and white pruinose and setulose. Scape with white setulae ventrally and black setulae dorsally, the apex expanded over the pedicel, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, pedicel black setulose with a project spike at apex, postpedicel orangish-brown, darkening at the end, with a moderate tooth at base, tooth with black setulae at apex, the stylus dusky, nearly the same size as postpedicel. Palpus yellow in ground color and yellowish pruinose, the first segment white setulose, the second mostly black setulose with a few yellow setulae. Proboscis smaller than head height, light brown, prementum, and labellum almost yellow. Scutum reddish-brown with a broad whitish gray dorsomedial stripe and a sublateral pair of the same color, mostly black but a few mixed golden setulae. Prescutellum with a black setulose spot surrounded by light setulae. Scutellum reddish brown, whitish gray pruinose, mostly black but a few mixed golden setulae on the margin. Notopleuron lighter than scutum, yellow with black and golden setulae. Pleura yellowish brown and white setulose, except by dark setulae at the anepisternum, whitish pruinose. Legs mostly yellow and whitish pruinose, except by darker tarsi. Coxae white setulose and pruinose. Fore femur black setulose dorsally, white setulose ventrally and laterally, the remainder entirely white setulose. Fore tibia white setulose at base and black setulose at apex, the remainder black setulose dorsally and white setulose ventrally. Tarsi dark setulose. Wing hyaline, except by the yellow pterostigma, all veins light brown. Costal vein with a prominent sulcus basally. No appendix at R 4. Abdomen reddish-brown mostly dark setulose, except by yellow setulae at lateral of segments and abdominal stripes, integument slightly darker medially at segments 3 to 7; a posterior narrow white setulose band at all tergites; dorsomedial pale setulose and integumental interrupted triangles; dorsolateral pale setulose and integumental oblique spots, footprint-shaped, in segments 1 to 6; and tergites 4 to 6 with yellow integument laterally. Sternites with yellow integument, whitish pruinosity, and golden setulose, except for black setulae at sternite 7. Cerci nearly as long as wide. Sternite 8 longer than wide and moderately elevated at base. Lateral lobes located at medial portion of the plate. Hypogynial valves tapered and close together.</p><p>Variation: Body 12,8 to 17mm. FI: 3.5–4. DI: 1.2–1.5. Postpedicel of the antenna ranges from orange to brown.</p><p>Male: Moderately large length, body 13,9 mm wing 12,5 mm. As in female, except as follows. Ocellar tubercle vestigial, without ocelli. Holoptic eyes. Enlarged ommatidia occupying ⅔ of the eye. Subcallus reddish brown, and yellowish pruinose except by a dorsal triangle. Gena same color as subcallus, whitish gray pruinose with mixed brown and golden setulae. Palpus porrect, the first segment light setulose, the second dark setulose, except by a few mixed pale setulae. Gonocoxite higher than wide, apical extremity extending well beyond the limits of the gonostylus. Gonostylus truncated. Aedeagus short, not extending the apex of the gonocoxite. Gonocoxal apodemes and lateral ejaculatory apodeme long greatly surpassing the gonocoxite’s limits. Aedeagal tines slender and widened at the anterior extremity.</p><p>Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the abdominal dorsolateral pale setulose oblique spots, footprint-shaped. Vestigium originates from Latin and means trace, footprint.</p><p>Remarks: This species is described based on records of eleven different localities in the state of São Paulo.  Tabanus vestigium sp. nov. obviously fits in the  T. nebulosus group due the presence of the dark setulose tuft in the prescutellum surrounded by pale setulae, unbanded eyes, moderately narrow frons and the absence of a long appendix at vein R 4+5.  T. vestigium sp. nov. slightly resembles  T. comosus, from which it can be easily distinguished by the narrower light-yellow setulose dorsomedial triangles on the abdomen (tergite 1 to 6), predominantly black setulae on palpus, and brownish on the pleura and legs, brown pruinosity on the scutum, and wider frons (FI &lt;4).  T. comosus has broader white setulose triangles (tergite 2 to 4), predominantly white setulae on palpus, pleura and legs, gray pruinosity on the scutum, and a narrower frons (FI&gt; 4). The study of endemism patterns for  Mycetophilidae in the Atlantic Forest (Amorim &amp; Santos 2018) showed a clearly separate fauna in the Semideciduous Atlantic Forest, with a 100% species turnover in relation to the same genera in the ombrophiles forest along the coast. Interestingly, all known specimens of  Tabanus vestigium sp. nov. precisely fit into the general distribution pattern of the semideciduous forest. It is worth noting that this species was kept so far undetected, maybe misidentified with other of the species of the group  nebulosus group in one of the states that received the largest attention of horse fly taxonomists. This means that tabanids, even being conspicuous and having received considerable attention in the literature, also have some traces of “dark taxa”.</p><p>Type material:   Araçatuba, S.P. [São Paulo, BRAZIL]  Faz. Jacarecatinga, Lane &amp; Rabello col. xi-62 [Photographed] [Holotype 1♀] [MZUSP] ;   BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Cássia dos Coqueiros, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.111942&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.295834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.111942/lat -21.295834)">Cachoeira Itambé</a>, 21º 17’45” S 47°06’43” W, x.27.2009, Coleta manual [Manual collected], Benjamin A.C.A, Bircol G.A.C, Carvalho J.E.R, Eiras M.C, Ferreira G.S, Manchon F.T, Santos L.G col. [Paratype 1♂] [MZUSP] ;  xii-56 [On the lateral of the label], S. Paulo [BRAZIL], Magda, 20° 38’ 42.26” S 50° 13’ 30.90” W, xii.1956, J. Lane [One male photographed] [Paratype 9♀, 1♂] [MZUSP];   BRASIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a>, 20°00’13” S 50°26’02” W, 05.xii.2007, Malaise 1 branca [White malaise], F.B. Noll leg [Paratype 1♀] [MZUSP] ;   BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Getulina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.06222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.820002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.06222/lat -21.820002)">Santa América</a>, 21°49’12” S 50°03’44” W 31.x–26.xi.2016, Malaise trap on moist soil. RS Capellari leg [Paratype 5♀, 1♂] [MZUSP] ;   BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Macaubal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.92917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.742779" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.92917/lat -20.742779)">Distrito de Ida Iolanda, Fazenda Pauã</a>, 20°44’34” S 49°55’45” W, 20.xii.2007, Malaise 1 Branca, F.B. Noll leg [Paratype 5♀] [INPA] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 17.xii.1964 [handwritten], K. Lenko col. [Paratype 2♀] [MPEG] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 18.xii.1964 [Handwritten], K. Lenko col. [Paratype 2♀] [MPEG] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 20.xii.1964 [handwritten], K. Lenko col. [Paratype 1♀] [MPEG] ;   2-946 [on the lateral of the label] Est. S. Paulo [BRAZIL], Avanhandava,  Barra Mansa, Barreto col. [Paratype 3♀] [MNRJ] ;   São Paulo [BRAZIL], Onda Verde,  Faz. São João, Jan, 1946, F. Lane col. / 2503 / SF [Paratype 1♀] [MNRJ] ;   BRASIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a>, 20°00’13” S 50°26’02” W, 09.xii.2007 W. Noll Leg. [Paratype 1♀] [RPSP] ;   Castilho,  marg. esq. r. Paraná [Left margin of Paraná river], SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 27. XI. [Handwritten] 1964, Exp. Depto. Zoo. [1♀] [RPSP] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 17.xii.1964 [Handwritten], K. Lenko col. [Paratype 2♀] [RPSP] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 20.xii.1964 [Handwritten], K. Lenko col. [1♀] [RPSP] ;   Faz. Itaquerê, Nova Europa, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 19.xii.1964 [Handwritten], K. Lenko col., parque [park, Handwritten] [1♀] [RPSP] ;   BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Macaubal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.92917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.742779" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.92917/lat -20.742779)">Distrito de Ida Iolanda, Fazenda Pauã</a>, 20°44’34” S 49°55’45” W, 20.xii.2007, Malaise 1 Branca, F.B. Noll leg [4♀] [CEUFT] ;  BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Getulina, 21°49’12” S 50°03’44” W, 31.x–26.xi.2016, Malaise trap on moist soil. RS Capellari leg [1♀] [CEUFT] .</p><p>Additional material:   BRASIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a>, 20°00’13” S 50°26’02”W, 05.xii.2007 W. Noll Leg. [79♀, 2♂] [MZUSP] ;   BRASIL, São Paulo, Turmalina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.43389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.00361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.43389/lat -20.00361)">Fazenda São João</a>, 20°00’13” S 50°26’02” W, 16.xii.2008 W. Noll Leg. [40♀] [MZUSP] ;  BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Getulina, 21°49’12” S 50°03’44” W, 31.x– 26.xi.2016, Malaise trap on moist soil. RS Capellari leg [14♀] [MZUSP];   BRASIL, SP [São Paulo], Macaubal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.22525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.645073" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.22525/lat -20.645073)">Distrito de Ida Iolanda, Fazenda Pauã</a>, 20°44’34” S 49°55’45” W, 20.xii.2007, Malaise 1 Branca, F.B. Noll leg [124♀] [MZUSP]; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.22525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.645073" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.22525/lat -20.645073)">Faz. Itaquerê</a>, Boa Esperança do Sul, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], 17.xii.1964 [Handwritten], K. Lenko col. [2♀] [MZUSP];  xii-56 [On the lateral of the label], S. Paulo [BRAZIL], Magda, 20° 38’ 42.26” S 50° 13’ 30.90” W, xii.1956, J. Lane [5♀] [MZUSP]; Faz. 8 pontos, Remédios, SP [São Paulo, BRAZIL], artigas—1936 [8♀] [MZUSP] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB276A04205FB84D51DF40A9FEE54C8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta;Amorim, Dalton De Souza;Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do	Dutra, Maria Carolina Pimenta, Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Carmo, Daniel Dias Dornelas Do (2025): Taxonomic revision of the Tabanus nebulosus species group (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 5588 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.1.1
