Zeugophora varipes Jacoby, 1885

[Japanese name: Akairo-momobuto-hamushi]

(Figs 17 G–I; 26–29)

Pedrillia varipes Jacoby, 1885: 196 [type locality: Nikkô, Chiuzenzi]; Chûjô, 1932: 339, 342 [Honshu]; Jolivet, 1957: 14 [listed].

Zeugophora (Pedrillia) varipes: Crowson, 1946: 95 [Japan]; Chûjô & Kimoto, 1961: 120 [Japan]; Kimoto, 1964: 109 [Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu]; Kimoto &Takizawa, 1994: 99, 267 [Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu]; Suzuki & Matsumura, 2006: 187–188 [Host plant record]; Silfverberg, 2010: 335 [listed].

Zeugophora varipes: Gressitt, 1945: 140 [listed]; Chûjô, 1957: 49 [listed]; Ohno, 1961: 38 [lited]; Takizawa, 2006: 3 [listed]; Rodríguez-Mirón, 2018: 295 [listed].

Description. Measurement. Holotype ♂ Body length: PL, 0.79 mm; EL, 2.47 mm; PEL, 3.46 mm. Width: HW, 0.88 mm, PW, 0.95 mm, PPW, 0.81 mm, EW, 1.48 mm.

Body length: PEL, male, 3.04–3.56 mm, female, 3.04–3.61 mm. Width: EW, male, 1.39–1.50 mm, female, 1.30–1.63 mm. Biometric data are given in Table 6.

Coloration. Body and head reddish orange. Apex of mandible black. Antenna black except first and second seg- ments which are fulvous. Pronotum reddish orange, lateroventral side sometimes black. Scutellum fulvous. Elytra fulvous, lateral edge and epipleuron sometimes black. Ventral surface of head and prosternum reddish orange, tho- rax and abdomen black. Legs fulvous except for mid and hind femora and tibia.

Habitus. Body oblong.

Head (Fig. 27A) covered with sparse setiferous punctures; setae produced from inside punctures (Fig. 28A); furnished with longitudinal grooves from temples to frontoclypeal suture (fig. 27A); frontoclypeal suture bisinuate, middle portion wide, about half width of clypeus; labrum and clypeus convex, furnished with setae; length of clypeus longer than that of labrum. Canthus large, acutely triangular with apex rounded, densely furnished with setiferous punctures. Apex of mandible bifurcate and furnished with two teeth apically on inner margin; lateral angles furnished with setae (Fig. 26D). Antennal segments short, except for first, third and fourth which are long and slender, eleventh segment pointed; all segments setous, fifth through eleventh with shorter, denser setae (Fig. 26C).

Pronotum (Fig. 26A, 27B) with blunt lateral tubercles, tapered towards base; posterior marginal groove undulate and complete; lateral basal angles weakly swollen, with two to five long setae near base; surface regularly convex, with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture, densely covered with coarse setiferous punctures (Fig. 28B); distance between punctures in central portion 0.5–3 times their own diameter, denser laterally. Setae produced from anterior inner margin of puncture (Fig. 28B).

Elytra long, leaving apex of pygidium exposed, moderately vaulted in lateral view; lateral sides subparallel; dorsal surface with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture (Fig. 28D), densely and irregularly covered in setiferous punctures, punctures as coarse as on pronotum and separated by 1–3 times their diameter; setae produced from anterior inner margin of puncture, posterior two-thirds of puncture deep (Fig. 28D); sutural and lateral grooves from elytral base to apex complete; basal areas of elytra weakly convex on either side of suture; humerus protruding anteriorly; epipleuron narrow. Scutellum trapezoidal, with setae.Disc of Mesoventrite furnished with few setae and no punctures; process densely furnished with setiferous punctures (Fig. 26B, 27C). Mesepisternum furnished with setiferous punctures (Fig. 26B, 27C). Surface of metaventrite with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture (Fig. 28C), central area covered with setiferous punctures, becoming denser laterally, setae produced from inside punctures (Fig. 28C). Surface of sternites with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture, sparsely covered with setiferous punctures. In male, posterior margin of 7th sternite evenly curved (Fig. 27D). In female, posterior margin of 7th sternite straight, but bisinuate on central portion (Fig. 27E).

Legs furnished with setae; tibial setae becoming longer and denser apically. Hind femora thickened. Tibiae straight; mid and hind tibiae with sharply defined and finely crenulate carina along external face. Apex of protibia with one spur; apices of meso- and metatibiae with two spurs. Tarsi distinctly shorter than tibiae, and basal three segments gradually widened apically.

Male genitalia as shown in Fig. 29 A–F: 8th sternite furnished with setae, cylindrical, membrane long, allowing for posterior horizontal extension (Fig. 29E, F); apex of spiculum three branched, central branch furnished with tiny setae (Fig. 29D); median struts of median lobe approximately 4.0 times as long as median lobe (Fig. 29A); apex of median lobe pointed (Fig. 29B); paramere somewhat developed (Fig. 29C).

Spermatheca as shown in Fig. 29G.

Host plant. Symplocos sawafutagi Nagam [Japanese name: Sawafutagi] (Suzuki & Matsumura, 2006; Takizawa, 2006); Symplocos coreana (H.Lév.) Ohwi [Japanese name: Tanna-Sawafutagi] (Suzuki & Matsumura, 2006; Takizawa, 2006).

Remarks. Zeugophora varipes is easily distinguished from the other Japanese species by the grooves on the head and body coloration.

Types. Holotype (MCZ) ♂: "Japan, Lewis", "1st Jacoby Coll.", "Type, 8470", " varipes, Jac ", "Jan-Jul. 2006, MCZ Image, Data base", "MCZ-ENT, 00008470" . Paratype (TARI) 1 ex., sex unknown: " NIKKO, JAPAN, 3.VI.1881, Col. G. Lewis ", "Co Type", " Pedrillia varipes JACOBY, DET. M. CHUJO ", " Pedrillia varipes Jac. Det. T. Shiraki " .

Specimens examined. Japan. [Honshu] Niigata Pref.: 1 ex., Tainai, 5.VIII.1981, A. Tanaka leg. (SEHU) .

Fukui Pref.: 1 ex., Katsuyama, Okuetsukôgen, 12–16, VII.1988, B. I. collection, (HTPC) . Nagano Pref.: 1 ex., Mt. Togakushi-yama, 22.VIII.1910, T. Ôtsuka leg. (SEHU) ; 1 ex., Mt. Moriya-san, 6.VIII.1990, H. Takizawa leg. (HTPC) . Gifu Pref.: 1 ex., Hida, Futatsuya, 31.V.1955, H. Torigai leg. (SEHU) ; 1 ex., Gero, Idani, 21. VI.1955, M. Ohtake leg. (NMNS) . Okayama Pref.: 1 ex., Tsuyama, Kamo, Katsumada high school forest, 28.V.2017, H. Suenaga leg. (HSPC) . [ Shikoku] Tokushima Pref.: 1 ex., Mt. Tsurugi, 6. VI.1964, M. Chûjô leg. (NMNS) . Ehime Pref.: 1 ex., Kumakôgen, Saragamine, 19. VI.2009, N. Hvashi leg. (HSPC) . [ Kyushu] Kumamoto Pref.: 3 exs., Naidaijin, 29.VII.1952, Takeya & Hirashima leg. (KUM) . Ôita Pref.: 1 ex., Bungo, Mt. Sobo-zan, 10.IX.1933, K. Yasumatsu leg. (TARI) . Miyazaki Pref.: 1 ex., Mt. Takachihonomine, 19.VII.1938, H. Araki leg. (TARI) .

Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu.