Lophophaena galeaorci Ehrenberg, 1854b

Lophophaena Galea Orci [sic] n. sp., Ehrenberg, 1854b, p. 245.

Lophophaena galea Orci [sic] Ehrenberg, Haeckel, 1862, p. 298.

Lophophaena apiculata n. sp., Ehrenberg, 1874, p. 242.

Lophophaena apiculata Ehrenberg, Ehrenberg, 1876, pl. 8, fig. 11.

Lophophaena galea Orci [sic] Ehrenberg, Stöhr, 1880, p. 99, pl. 3, fig. 17.

Lophophaena galea Ehrenberg, Haeckel, 1887, p. 1303 [not figured].

Lophophaena galea orci [sic] Ehrenberg, Petrushevskaya, 1971, p. 106 –107 [not figured].

Plagoniids, gen. et sp. indet., Riedel and Sanfilippo, 1977, pl. 7, fig. 1.

? Lophophaena apiculata Ehrenberg, Petrushevskaya and Kozlova, 1979, fig. 491.

Lophophaena galea orci [sic] Ehrenberg, Petrushevskaya, 1981, fig. 83.

? Lophophaena apiculata Ehrenberg, Sarkisova, 2005, pl. 1, figs. 5–7.

Lophophaena apiculata Ehrenberg, Ogane et al., 2009, pl. 19, figs. 3A–D.

Remarks. Ehrenberg (1854b) described only one species of Lophophaena: Lophophaena Galea Orci [sic]. Thus, it appears that “ orci ” is not a subspecies of Lophophaena galea; rather, it is part of a compound name. Ehrenberg named the species after the ship that led to its discovery, the “Brig Delphin,” which roughly translates to “ Galea Orci ”. Because it was intended as a single species name rather than a subspecies, the name must be corrected to galeaorci according to ICZN Article 32.5.2.2. In 1862, Haeckel followed Ehrenberg’s original name, but put “ galea ” in lower case. Later, Haeckel (1887) dropped the “ orci ” from Ehrenberg’s species, referring to it simply as Lophophaena galea Ehrenberg, subgenus Lophophaenula . Haeckel (1887) considered Lophophaena galeaorci Ehrenberg, 1854b and Lophophaena apiculata Ehrenberg 1874 to be junior synonyms of Lophophaena galea Ehrenberg. However, he did not provide a justification for the name change or the synonymy, and not all subsequent authors have not adopted it. Petrushevskaya (1971), also considered L. apiculata Ehrenberg, 1874 to be a junior synonym of L. galea orci [sic] Ehrenberg, 1854b. Here we follow the precedent of Haeckel (1887) and Petrushevskaya (1971) by adopting their synonymy, but we correct the species name to galeaorci .