Genus Peromitra Enderlein, 1924

Peromitra Enderlein, 1924: 278 .

Type species: Phora incrassata Meigen, 1830 (by original designation) (senior replacement name of Nemosia Lioy, nec Vielliot, 1816).

Nemosia Lioy, 1864: 78 . Type species: Phora incrassata Meigen, 1830 (by original designation) (preoccupied by Nemosia Vielliot, 1816 [ Aves]).

Lissometopia Lioy, 1864: 79 . Type species: Phora nudifrons Macquart, 1835 (= Phora agilis Meigen, 1830) (by subsequent designation by Brues, 1903: 393).

Epicrana Schmitz, 1924: 149 . Type species: Phora incrassata Meigen, 1830 (by original designation) (junior replacement name of Nemosia Lioy, nec Vielliot, 1816).

Borophaga (Peromitra): Schmitz, 1927: 63 (as subgenus of Borophaga).

Diagnosis for genus (modified from Brown 1992; Nakayama & Shima 2002). Frons without supra-antennal bristle. Ocellar region raised from vertex. Anterior ocellus oval, distinctly wider than long. Anepisternum with short setulae on upper part. Fore tarsomere 5 widened. Hind tibia with two or three dorsal longitudinal setal palisades. Wing vein R 2+3 reduced or absent. Male abdominal segment 6 with paired or single sternite. Aedeagus basically tubular.

A revised key to males of world Peromitra species

(modified after Beyer 1959; Nakayama & Shima 2002; Michailovskaya 2004)

Note. Although the characteristics of hypopygium are critical for identification of Peromitra species, some species have been described without illustrations of the hypopygium so far.Among them, the hypopygia of two species, viz. P. cornigera and P. subagilis, are examined and used as diagnostic characters in this key, based on the photographs of the type specimens of these species (Figs. 14, 15).

1. Hind tibia without strong anterodorsal bristle on basal half (Fig. 4C)............................................. 2

Hind tibia with at least single strong anterodorsal bristle on basal half (Fig. 4F).................................... 5

2. Wing vein R absent; right epandrial lobe elongated posteroventrally, with pointed apical process; left side of hypandrium 2+3 with single truncate lobe at posterior margin; right side of hypandrium with elongated, rounded processes at posterior margin; dorsal process of aedeagus short, highly curved upwardly (Nakayama & Shima 2002: 70, fig. 7) P. pilosa Nakayama & Shima

Wing vein R 2+3 present but faint (Fig. 5A); right epandrial lobe elongated posteroventrally, but without pointed process (Fig. 6C); hypandrium and aedeagus not as above................................................................ 3

3. Ocellar region distinctly longer than wide; right epandrial lobe greatly elongated into narrow, blunt process; anteroventral portion of aedeagus with distinctly protruded process covered with minute spinules (Nakayama & Shima 2002: 68, figs. 2C, 6)......................................................................... P. purpurea Nakayama & Shima

Ocellar region wider than long (Fig. 2B); right epandrial lobe neither greatly elongated nor narrowed (Fig. 6C); anteroventral portion of aedeagus not greatly protruded; if protruded, process without spinules (Fig. 6E)........................... 4

4. Both left and right posterior margin of hypandrium with hooked plate, single digitiform process under hooked plate (Fig. 6A, C); apical portion of dorsal tube of aedeagus with dorsal pointed process (Fig. 6E, F).................. P. agilis (Meigen)

Left and right posterior margin of hypandrium without hooked plate, with small, weakly developed process; apical portion of dorsal tube of aedeagus without dorsal pointed process (Nakayama & Shima 2002: 72, fig. 8) P. hikosana Nakayama & Shima

5. Hind tibia with three dorsal longitudinal setal palisades (Schmitz 1951: 263)...................................... 6

Hind tibia with two dorsal longitudinal setal palisades (Fig. 4I)................................................. 8

6. Ocellar region greatly protruded anteriorly; anterior ocellus extremely wider than lateral ocelli; midtibia with two dorsal longitudinal setal palisades; posteroventral corner of hypandrium rounded, not angled; anteroventral portion of lateral membranous lobe not elongated (Schmitz 1951: 263, figs. 150E, 151)........................... P. incrassata (Meigen)

Ocellar region not distinctly protruded anteriorly; anterior ocellus not greatly widened, as wide as lateral ocelli; midtibia with single dorsal longitudinal setal palisades (Schmitz, 1927: 64); hypandrium not as above............................. 7

7. Anterior ocellus and lateral ocelli situated closely, distance between anterior ocellus and lateral ocelli as long as width of anterior ocellus; posteroventral corner of hypandrium angled but not pointed; anteroventral portion of lateral membranous lobe distinctly elongated anteriorly (Schmitz 1927: 64; Michailovskaya 2004: fig. 16.5)................ P. amurensis (Schmitz)

Anterior ocellus and lateral ocelli situated far apart, lateral ocelli situated close to compound eye; hypopygium not illustrated (Schmitz 1951: 255)................................................................. P. germanica (Schmitz)

8. Ocellar region greatly protruded anteriorly, forming saddle-like frontal structure; anterior ocellus absent (Schmitz 1951: 261, fig. 150A–C)....................................................................... P. cephalotes (Schmitz)

Ocellar region not greatly protruded anteriorly as above; anterior ocellus present (Fig. 2F)........................... 9

9. Epandrial lobe densely covered with strong, fringed bristles (Fig. 8A); apex of dorsal process of aedeagus pointed downwardly, forming hook-like process (Figs. 8F, 9H).................................................................. 10

Epandrial lobe without fringed bristles (Fig. 10A); apex of dorsal process of aedeagus curved upwardly (Fig. 10E)....... 13

10. Fore tibia with group of strong anterodorsal bristles on preapical portion, without dorsal row of short setulae; hypandrium asymmetrical; right posterior margin of hypandrium with large, hooked process; dorsal extended process of aedeagus long, bifurcated, with lower branch curved upwardly (Michailovskaya 2000: 165, figs. 2, 3).......... P. hastata Michailovskaya

Fore tibia without strong anterodorsal bristles on preapical portion except single short bristle, with dorsal row of short setulae (Fig. 4G); hypandrium nearly symmetrical; posterior margin of hypandrium without hooked process (Fig. 8A, C); dorsal extended process of aedeagus not as above................................................................ 11

11. Aedeagus with dorsal plate short, slightly curved upwardly (Fig. 8E); dorsal plate of aedeagus extended to right side of core membranous plate, with triangular process ventroapically (Fig. 8F)..................... P. fimbriata Nakayama & Shima

Aedeagus with dorsal plate elongated into narrow, downwardly curved, hooked process and ventral membranous plate attached to left side of dorsal process (Fig. 9G).................................................................... 12

12. Posterior margin of hypandrium smoothly rounded; dorsal extended process of aedeagus short, not bifurcated (Michailovskaya 2000: 167, fig. 7)................................................................ P. uncinata Michailovskaya

Posterior margin of hypandrium truncate (Fig. 9B, D); dorsal extended process of aedeagus long, bifurcated, with lower branch short, curved downwardly (Fig. 9H)........................................................ P. galgori sp. nov.

13. Midtibia with at least two pairs of dorsal bristles on basal half (Fig. 4M); hind tibia usually with more than two anterodorsal bristles except preapical one (Fig. 4O).................................................................... 14

Midtibia with single pair of dorsal bristles on basal half (Fig. 4E); hind tibia with one or two anterodorsal bristles except preapical one (Fig. 4F)................................................................................ 16

14. Flagellomere 1 dark brown (Fig. 15B); posterior margin of hypandrium with weakly sclerotized, truncated small process, as long as cercus; dorsal tube of aedeagus widened apically, nearly straight (Fig. 15C; Beyer 1958: 22).... P. subagilis (Beyer)

Flagellomere 1 orange to reddish brown (Fig. 1F); posterior margin of hypandrium with well-sclerotized, large securiform process, distinctly longer than cercus (Fig. 10A); dorsal tube of aedeagus narrowed apically, strongly curved upwardly (Fig. 10E).............................................................................................. 15

15. Flagellomere 1 orange to yellow (Fig. 1F); fore tibia with two or three dorsal bristles; midtibia with 4–6 dorsal strong bristles on basal half; hind tibia with 2–4 anterodorsal strong bristles except preapical one (Fig. 4M–O; Colyer 1966: 72, figs. 4–6).................................................................................... P. multisetalis (Colyer)

Flagellomere 1 reddish brown (Fig. 13B); fore tibia with two dorsal strong bristles; midtibia with 4 dorsal strong bristles on basal half; hind tibia with two or three anterodorsal strong bristles except preapical one (Fig. 13A; Beyer 1958: 23)........................................................................................... P. eumimeta (Beyer) *

16. Flagellomere 1 reddish brown; fore tibia with two strong dorsal bristles on basal half and two rows of dorsal short setae on apical half; epandrial lobe not elongated (Schmitz 1951: 261, fig. 155c; Brown 1992: fig. 16B)..... P. erythrocera (Meigen)

Flagellomere 1 dark brown (Fig. 1H); chaetotaxy of fore tibia not as above; right epandrial lobe elongated, distinctly longer than left epandrial lobe (Fig. 11B)....................................................................... 17

17. Flagellomere 1 elongated, twice as long as wide (Fig. 14A, B; Beyer 1958: fig. 7e); upper part of right posterior margin of hypandrium distinctly protruded posteriorly (Fig. 14E); dorsal tube of aedeagus broadened and rounded apically, with triangular ventral process (Fig. 14G, H)............................................................. P. cornigera (Beyer)

Flagellomere 1 subglobose (Fig. 1C); upper part of right posterior margin of hypandrium not protruded posteriorly (Fig. 7C); dorsal tube of aedeagus not as above..................................................................... 18

18. Anterior ocellus as wide as lateral ocelli (Fig. 2E); right epandrial lobe elongated posteriorly but not greatly enlarged, with posteriorly elongated process curved upwardly and blunt apically (Fig. 7C); basal portion of aedeagus with numerous pointed spinules ventrally (Fig. 7E)................................................................ P. dextra sp. nov.

Anterior ocellus distinctly wider than lateral ocelli (Fig. 2Q); right epandrial lobe greatly enlarged posteriorly, with pointed process apically (Fig. 11C); basal portion of aedeagus without pointed spinules ventrally (Fig. 11E)................... 19

19. Right epandrial lobe distinctly longer than basal width, ventral margin not extended, with pointed process dorsoapically; apical extension of dorsal tube of aedeagus narrowed; (Schmitz 1951: fig. 152.2).................... P. carinifrons (Zetterstedt)

Right epandrial lobe approximately as long as basal width, ventral margin extended and curved upwardly, with pointed process apically (Fig. 11C); apical extension of dorsal tube broadened longitudinally (Fig. 11F)......... P. ussurica Michailovskaya