Provisional Key for Mainland Southeast Asian Phanoperla Males

[ P. fuscipennis (Navas) and P. namcattien Cao & Bae not included]

1 Tergum 8 with a small median lobe (Fig. 15) ……………………………………………………… 2

1’ Tergum 8 unmodified (Fig. 1) …..………………. 6

2 Aedeagal sac tubular, gradually tapered; basolateral area of sac with a pair of spiny patches (Figs. 6, 26) ………………………………………… 3

2’ Aedeagal sac with additional lobes; basolateral area of sac without spiny patches (Figs. 2, 17) ………………………………………………...…… 5

3 Largest spines on aedeagal sac form a transverse subapical row (Fig. 26) ………………….... uchidai

3’ Largest spines on aedeagal sac form irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 6) ………………………. 4

4 Largest spines on aedeagal sac located nearer base of sac; spines become smaller nearer apex ……………………………………………………. lisu

4’ Largest spines clustered near tip of aedeagal sac (Fig. 6) ……………………………………….. huang

5 Largest aedeagal spines form transverse row more or less in center of apical spine patch (Fig. 2) …………………………………………….. doisuthep

5’ Largest aedeagal spines form transverse row at basal margin of apical spine patch (Fig. 17) …………………………………………………. lobata

6 Aedeagal armature entirely of small to moderate size spines ………………………….…………….. 7

6’ Aedeagal armature includes large black cultriform spines ……………………………….. 10

7 Everted aedeagal sac with one or more membranous lobes ………………………………. 8

7’ Everted aedeagal sac tubular, without extra lobes ……………………………………………………… 9

8 Mesal area of tergum 9 with two small irregular rows of sensilla between lateral patches; mesal section of aedeagal sac with a single finger-like lobe …………………………………………….... lao

8’ Mesal area of tergum 9 without median sensilla between lateral patches; mesal section of aedeagal sac with a pair of finger-like lobes ……… imitatrix

9 Major aedeagal armature on everted sac restricted to patch covering less than half sac length; basal half of sac constricted between sac apex and tube …………………………………………..….. simplex

9’ Major aedeagal armature on everted sac covers almost entire sac length (Fig. 13); base of sac constricted but sac gradually widens from base to subapical area ……………………….…….. hubleyi

10 Subapical area of everted aedeagal sac bearing a complete single or double ring of large, black, cultriform spines (Figs. 21,39); tergum 9 with two large patches of sensilla, or a single fused median patch (Fig. 20) …………………………………... 11

10’ Subapical area of everted aedeagal sac bearing an incomplete ring of large, black, cultriform spines; tergum 9 with median sensilla between lateral patches …………………………………………... 13

11 Almost entire lateral surface of aedeagal sac and apex of tube covered with a continuous spine patch (Fig. 39); largest aedeagal spines form a complete subapical double ring; sensilla patches of tergum 9 widely separated (Fig. 38) …… wieng

11’ About half of aedeagal sac surface covered with continuous spine patch (Fig. 19); largest aedeagal spines form a subapical single ring; sensilla patches of tergum 9 narrowly separated or united at base (Fig. 20) ………………………………….. 12

12 Sensilla patches of tergum 9 completely divided; membranous lobe of aedeagal sac not covered with spines ……………………………… sertispina

12’ Sensilla patches of tergum 9 united basally (Fig. 20); membranous lobes of aedeagal sac covered with spines (Fig. 21) …………………… occipitalis

13 Everted aedeagal sac tubular, without membranous lobes; tergum 9 with a single median sensilla patch …………………… malayana

13’ Everted aedeagal sac bulbous and bearing a small finger-like membranous lobe; tergum 9 with median sensilla grouped in two irregular rows ………………………………………… vietnamensis