8. Aphelopus wittei Benoit, 1951

(Figs 13F, 15D, E, 17E, F)

Aphelopus wittei Benoit 1951c: 16; 1951d: 23; Olmi 1984: 62; Fiori 1984: 1; Olmi 1990b: 404; 1994c: 9; Guglielmino & Olmi 1997: 223; Olmi & van Harten 2000: 258; 2006: 314; Olmi 2006: 35; 2009b: 450, 456; Azevedo et al. 2010: 884; Olmi & Copeland 2011: 192; Olmi et al. 2015: 338; 2016: 51

Gymnaphelopus wittei (Benoit): Benoit 1951d: 23.

Description. ♀ (Fig. 17F). Fully winged (Fig. 15D); body length 1.6–2.6 mm. Head black, except mandible testa- ceous and clypeus whitish; frons black, usually with more or less wide whitish spot; occasionally frons and clypeus completely black (Fig. 15E); antenna completely testaceous, or brown, except scape and pedicel testaceous; mesosoma and metasoma black; legs testaceous; ventral side of body usually black; in specimens with frons partly whitish, ventral side of head and mesosoma completely whitish; occasionally body completely brown or ferruginous. Antenna filiform; antennomeres in following proportions: 5:5:6:8:8:7:5:5:5:7. Head dull, granulate; frontal line incomplete; occipital carina complete; POL = 5.5; OL = 4; OOL = 5; OPL = 4; TL = 5. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum dull, granulate. Notauli incomplete, usually reaching 0.65–0.80 × length of mesoscutum, occasionally reaching 0.3–0.4 × length of mesoscutum. Mesopleuron and metapleuron smooth, unsculptured or slightly granulate. Metapectal-propodeal disc reticulate rugose; propodeal declivity usually with two longitudinal keels, median area usually shiny, smooth, not reticulate rugose, and lateral areas reticulate rugose. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

♂ (Fig. 17E). Fully winged; body length 1.7–2.2 mm. Head usually black, except mandible testaceous; clyp- eus black; occasionally frons black, except clypeus whitish; occasionally frons completely whitish, except ocellar region brown, or black, except more or less wide whitish spot; antenna usually brown, except scape and pedicel testaceous; in ♂♂ with head almost completely whitish, antenna completely testaceous; mesosoma and metasoma black (rarely mesosoma brown); legs usually completely testaceous; occasionally stalk of metafemur darkened. Antenna filiform; antennomeres in following proportions: 5.5:5:5.5:6:7:7.5:7:7:7:10. Head dull, granulate; frontal line incomplete; occipital carina complete; POL = 7.5; OL = 4; OOL = 5; OPL = 4; TL = 5. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum dull, granulate; notauli incomplete, usually reaching approximately 0.65 × length of mesoscutum, occasionally reaching 0.4 × length of mesoscutum. Mesopleuron and metapleuron smooth, slightly granulate or unsculptured. Metapectal-propodeal disc reticulate rugose; propodeal declivity usually with two longitudinal keels, median area usually shiny, smooth, unsculptured, and lateral areas reticulate rugose; occasionally propodeal de- clivity without longitudinal keels, completely reticulate rugose. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands. Basivolsella (Fig. 13F) with 2 subdistal bristles; in specimen from Kenya, 00°23.73’N 34°53.165’E, one of basivolsellae has 2 subdistal bristles and the other one has 1 subdistal bristle. In specimen from South Africa, 33°44.090’S 21°55.654’E, parameres strongly bent and much shorter than penis. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Material examined. Types: ♀ holotype: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), between Ngesho and Bishakishaki, Kashwa, 2000 m, 7–23.I.1935, Mission G.F. de Witte (MRAC). Paratypes: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mokoto, Burunga, 2000 m, 17–19.III.1934, Mission G. F. de Witte, ♂ allotype (MRAC); same locality label as allotype, 1♂ (NHMUK); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Volc. Mikeno, Rweru, 2400 m, bambous, 26–27.VII.1934, G. F. de Witte leg., 1♂ (NHMUK); in MRAC there are further 87 paratypes (not examined) all from North Kivu (see list in Benoit 1951c). Other material: ANGOLA: Cuanza Sul, 7 mi. W Gabela, 16–18.III.1972, Southern African Expedition, 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (NHMUK); BOTSWANA: Chobe National Park (USUC). BURUNDI: Muyange, 2100 m, 11.VIII.1948 (ISNB); Rusizi National Park, 3.34364°S 29.27246°E, 774 m, 13–20.IV.2010, MT near three small trees, degraded bush/grassland, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ (NMK); Bururi National Forest, 3.93022°S 29.61697°E, 1955 m, 24.VIII–7.IX.2010, MT, indigenous for- est, near stream, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK). CAMEROON: East Region, Messa Bengondo, 15–30.III.2003, 13–30.IV.2003, M. Tussac leg., 2♂♂ (HTS); Northwest Region, E of Big Babanki, 06°06.698’N 10°15.938’E, 1200 m, 5–13.III.2008, Martin Riha leg., 1♀ (OLL); South Region, near Ebolowa, Nkoemvon, XII.1978 – I.1979, D. Jack- son leg., 1♀ (NHMUK); Southwest Region, Korup, 1981, D. Jackson leg., 1♀ (NHMUK). CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Nana-Mambéré Pref., 60 km W Bouar, 05°45’N 15°13’E, 660 m, 23.III.2010, J. Halada leg., 1♂ (OLL); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53° NE Bayanga, 3°02.01’N 16°24.57’E, 510 m, 7–8.V.2001, MT, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 4♂♂ (SAMC); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173° S Lidjombo, 2°21.60’N 16°03.20’E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 12♂♂ (SAMC); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53° NE Bayanga, 3°02.01’N 16°24.57’E, 510 m, 6.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, CAR 01-S48, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Reserve Speciale de Forêt Dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326° NW Bayanga, 3°00.27’N 16°11.55’E, 420 m, 13.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 8♂♂ (SAMC). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: Haut- Katanga, Lubumbashi (= Elisabethville) (RMNH, MRAC); Haut-Uele, Wamba Territory, Kikongo Mission, 04°15’S 17°10’E, VII.2008, MT, T. Chapman leg., 1♂ (UCDC); same locality label, 6 –17.IV.2006, MT, S.L. Heydon & S.E. Stevenson leg., 1♂ (UCDC); same locality label, 23.IV.2006, MT along forest edge, 1♂ (UCDC); North Kivu, Rut- shuru (MRAC); North Kivu, Munagana (=Mdagana)-Tsheugelero (MRAC); North Kivu, Ngesho (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), N’Dalage (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Magera Lake (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Hoyo, Yolohafiri Cave (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Hoyo (MRAC, AMNH); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), aff. Talia Nord, Secteur Tshiaberimu, Riv. Kalivina (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), aff. dr. Talia Nord, Secteur Tshiaberimu, Riv. Musabaki (MRAC, AMNH); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Secteur Tshiaberimu, Kirungu (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Secteur Tshiaberimu, Mt. Musimba (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Secteur Tshiaberimu, Hintumo (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Aff. Butahu, Riv. Kamahoro (MRAC, AMNH); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Aff. Butahu, Riv. Kamusonge (MRAC, AMNH); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Aff. Butahu, Riv. Nyamwamba (MRAC, AMNH); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Kiondo ya Kwanza (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Aff. Bombi, Riv. Kakalari (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Kikyo (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Mt. Kyanyamu, Riv. Lusilube (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Bitashimva, Mt. Sesero (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kyandolire, Bomboka (MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Kyandolire, Mt. Ibale (MRAC); further localities listed in Benoit (1951c); Haut-Uele (= Haut- Zaire) Prov., Garamba National Park (MRAC, AMNH). GABON: Ogoové-Maritime Prov., Doudou Mts. Reserve, 24.3 km 307° NW Doussala, 02°13.35’S 10°24.35’E, 370 m, 7.III.2000, sweep, GA00-S49, Coastal Lowland Rainforest, under-growth, low canopy in forest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 9.III.2000, 1♂ (SAMC). GHANA: Ashanti, Kumasi, Campus of the University of Science and Technology (RNHL). IVORY COAST: Marahoué Region, 8 km NW of Bouaflé, Klébo (DEUW); Marahoué Region, 5 km E of Bouaflé, Congo Aboisso (DEUW); Marahoué Region, Congo Aboisso, 05°40’W 07°N, 18.III.1981 (CNC). KENYA: Coast Prov., Taita Hills, Vuria Forest, 3.41428°S 38.29178°E, 2162 m, 11–25.I.2012, MT, just inside indigenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); Coast Prov., Taita Hills, Chawia Forest, 3.47901°S 38.34134°E, 1617 m, 21–25.VIII.2012, MT, next to fallen tree, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ (NMK); Coast Prov., Funzi Island, 4.57776°S 39.43825°E, near sea level, 4– 10.VII.2012, MT, near Funzi workshop, ICIPE/NMK Funzi Island Expedition, 2♀♀ (NMK); same locality label, 24–28.VII.2012, MT, mixed grass-woodland, R. Copeland leg., 3♀♀ (NMK); Coast Prov., Kasigau Mtn., 3.82700°S 38.64875°E, 1065 m, 5–19.X.2011, MT, indigenous forest, next to campsite in forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); Coast Prov., Taita Hills, Ngangao Forest, 3.36100°S 38.34186°E, 1848 m, 18.IX–2.X.2011, MT, indigenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ (NMK); Eastern Prov., Nyambene Hills, Itieni Forest, at bottom, 0.24433°N 37.87016°E, 2142 m, 7–21.VIII.2011, MT, edge of indigenous forest, near forest station, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); same locality label, 18.IX–2.X.2011, 1♀ (NMK); same locality label, 26.VI–10.VII.2011, 1♂ (NMK); same locality la- bel, 24.VII–7.VIII.2011, 1♀ (NMK); Eastern Prov., Kasaala area, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E, 740 m, 28.XI–4.XII.2013, MT, just inside isolated woodland patch, J. Bukhebi leg., 1♂, 1♀ (NMK); Nairobi Prov., ICIPE Campus, Kasarani, 1.22338°S 36.89655°E, 1604 m, 24.II–3.III.2014, MT, near stream, meadow in degraded shrub-/grassland, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ (NMK); Nyanza Prov., near Victoria Lake, 15 mls. NE of Kisumu, XI.1979, M.D. Croft leg., 1♀ (NHMUK); Nyanza Prov., Ruma National Park, 00°39.121’S 34°19.417’E, 1250 m, 26.VII.2008, sweep, savanna woodland, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Rift Valley Prov., Molo, Turi, 25.X.1998,A. Polaszek leg., 1♂ (NHMUK); Rift Valley Prov., Saiwa Swamp National Park, near campsite, 1.09417°N 35.11833°E, 1882 m, 26.II–12.III.2006, MT, next to permanent upland swamp, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); Rift Valley Prov., Mt. Elgon National Park, top of Endebess Bluff, 1.06117°N 34.75383°E, 2630 m, 16–30.I.2006, MT, forest edge near small stream, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); Rift Valley Prov., Olorgesailie National Monument, 1.57930°S 36.44566°E, 982 m, 27.XI– 11.XII.2011, MT, Acacia-Commiphora savana, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); Rift Valley Prov., Oloitokitok, 2.94456°S 37.50714°E, 1853 m, 19.VIII–2.IX.2011, MT, edge of indigenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ (NMK); same locality label, 22.VII–5.VIII.2011, 3♀♀ (NMK); same locality label, 9–23.XII.2011, 1♀ (NMK); same local- ity label, 5–19.VIII.2011, 1♀ (MOLC); same locality label, 14–28.X.2011, 1♀ (NMK); same locality label, 28.X– 11.XI.2011, 1♀ (NMK); Western Prov., Kakamega District, Kakamega Forest, Kisere Forest Reserve, 00°23.73’N 34°53.165’E, 5400 feet, XI.2001, Manfred Kraemer & Co., 3♂♂, 3♀♀ (MTC); Western Prov., Kakamega District, Kakamega Forest, Kisere Forest, Calebs Campground, 00°22.175’N 34°53.297’E, 1580 m, Manfred Kraemer leg., ex Michael von Tschirnhaus collection, 1♀ (MTC); Western Prov., Kakamega Forest, 00°14.13’N 34°51.87’E, 4.III.1999, R. Wharton leg., 1♂ (TAMU); Western Prov., Kakamega District, Kakamega Forest (USUC); Western Prov., Kakamega District, Isecheno Nature Reserve, Isecheno, 00°24’N 34°87’E, 1800 m, MT, R.R. Snelling leg., 1♂, 2♀♀ (UCR, MOLC); Western Prov., 27 mi. NE of Kisumu, Kaimosi Mission, 1650 m (CAS). MADAGAS- CAR: Antananarivo, La Mandraka (MRAC, AMNH); Antsiranana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park, 12°30.52’S 49°10.53’E, 960 m, 26–29.I.2001, MT, M.E. Irwin, Schlinger E.I. Harin’Hala R. leg. (CAS); same locality label, 19.III–6.IV.2001, MT, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-01-01A-09, 2♀♀ (CAS); Antsiranana, Marojejy National Park, Manantenina river, 28.0 km 38° NE Andapa, 8.2 km 333° NNW Manantenina, 14°26.12’S 49°46.30’E, 450 m, 12–25.XI.2003, MT, rainforest, B.L. Fisher et al. leg., BLF8723, 1♂, 1♀ (CAS), 1♀ (MOLC); Fianarantsoa, Rano- mafana National Park, Belle Vue at Talatakely, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E, 1020 m, 15–22.XI.2001, MT, secondary tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 19–26.II.2002, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 23.VI–4.VII.2002, MA-02-09C-33, 1♂, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 10–21.III.2003, MA-02-09C-56, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 2–10.I.2002, MA-02-09C-10, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 14–21.I.2002, MA-02-09C-12, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 8–15.XI.2001, MA-02-09C-02, 1♂ (CAS); same locality label, 12–19.II.2002, MA- 02-09C-16, 1♂, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 21.III–12.IV.2003, MA-02-09C-57, 2♀♀ (CAS); same locality la- bel, 16.X–8.XI.2001, MA-02-09C-01, 1♀ (CAS); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, Vohiparara, at broken bridge, 21°13.57’S 47°22.19’E, 1110 m, 4–12.II.2002, MT in high altitude rainforest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♀, 1♂ (CAS); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, Vohiparara, 21°13.67’S 47°22.19’E, at broken bridge, 1110 m, 25.VII–3.VIII.2002, MT, high altitude rainforest, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-02-08A-36, 1♂ (CAS); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, radio tower at forest edge, 21°15.05’S 47°24.43’E, 1130 m, 9–16.IV.2002, MT, mixed tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-02-09B-24, 1♂ (CAS); same locality label, 12–19.II.2002, MA-02-09B-16, 1♂, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 18–29.VI.2003, MA-02-09B-64, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 22–28.XI.2001, MA-02-09B-04, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 20.III–3.IV.2003, MA-02-09B-56, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 27.IV–7.V.2003, MA-02-09B-59, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 7–17.V.2003, MA-02-09B-60, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 18–27.II.2003, MA-02-09B-53, 1♀ (CAS); Fianarantsoa, Miandritsara Forest, 40 Km S Ambositra, 20°47.56’S 47°10.54’E, 825 m, 8–17.III.2007, MT, low altitude rainforest, M. Irwin, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-29- 81, 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 16–27.VIII.2005, MA-29-24, 1♀ (CAS); Mahajanga, Bemarivo Special Re- serve, 23.8 km 223° SW Besalampy, 16°55.30’S 44°22.06’E, 19–23.XI.2002, 30 m, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood), in tropical dry forest, Fisher, Griswold et al. leg., 1♂ (CAS); Toamasina, Perinet (AMNH); Toamasina, An- dasibe National Park, 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, botanic garden near entrance to park, 1025 m, 16–24.X.2001, MT, tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 1–7.XI.2001, 1♀ (CAS); Toamasina, Ankerana, 18°24.23’S 48°48.09’E, 1108 m, 19–24.I.2012, MT, montane forest, B.L. Fisher et al. leg., BLF27860, 1♂ (CAS); Toliara, Bekily (MNHN); Toliara, Tsimanampetsotsa Nat. Park, Bemanateza Forest, 20.7 km 81°E Efoetse, 23 Km 131° SE Beheloka, 23°59.32’S 43°52.50’E, 90 m, 22–26.III.2002, MT, in spiny forest thicket, Fisher, Griswold et al. leg., 1♂ (CAS); Toliara, Andohahela National Park, Tsimelahy, parcelle II, 24°56.21’S 46°37.60’E, 180 m, 30.XI–11.XII.2003, MT in transitional forest, M. Irwin, F. Parker & R. Harin’Hala leg., MA- 02-20-47, 1♂ (MOLC); Toliara, Manombo, 22°48.25’S 43°45.46’E, 218 m, 23–28.IV.2004, MT in gallery forest, Frontier Wilderness Project, MGF098, 1♀ (CAS). MOZAMBIQUE: Niassa Prov., Cuamba, Farm of the Catholic University of Mozambique,reared from unidentified leafhopper, parasitized host collected 18.II.2005, dryinid cocooning 20.II.2005, dryinid adult emergence 8.III.2005, 1♀ (MOLC); same locality label, 17.IV–2.VI.2006, MT, M. Olmi leg., 1♀ (MOLC). NIGERIA: Osun, Ile-Ife, 2♂♂ (NHMUK, AMNH). NORTH SUDAN (= REPUBLIC OF THE SUDAN): Al Jazirah, Wad Medani, 18.XI.1949, 19.XI.1949, 22.XI.1949, G. Morcos leg., reared from Austroasca lybica, 4♀ # (BMMH). RWANDA: Kirii Springs, Ruhengeri (MRAC). SENEGAL: Ziguinchor Region, 1 km NE of Djibelor, 7.5 km SW of Ziguinchor (ZIL). SOMALIA: Cotene, 1930, G. Russo leg., reared from Empoasca facialis (Jacobi), 2♂♂ (NHMUK). SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape, Nature’s Valley, at Groot River, 33°58’S 23°33’E (MZLU); Eastern Cape, 25 km N Jansenville, 32°49’S 24°44’E, 600 m, 4.I.2010, J. Halada leg., 1♀ (OLL); Eastern Cape, Marais Hoop Farm, 25.6 km 254° W Kirkwood, 33°32.635’S 25°13.678’E, 14–16.II.2001, MT, VB01-R4N- M52, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Blauwe Krans Farm, 12.8 km 216° SW Kirkwood, 33°30.747’S 25°24.644’E, 7–9.II.2001, MT, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Mannetjie Farm (31.9 km 262°W Kirkwood), 33°32.724’S 25°08.795’E, 12-14.II.2001, MT, VB01-R3N, M42, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1 ♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 14– 16.II.2001, M50, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 8–10.II.2001, M12, 4♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Marais Hoop Farm (25.6 km 254° W Kirkwood), 33°32.635’S 25°13.678’E, 14–16.II.2001, MT, VB01-R4N-M52, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 5♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–14.II.2001, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 8–10.II.2001, M14, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 10–12.II.2001, M26, 5♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Schilpad Laagte Farm (15.4 km 226° W Kirkwood), 33°31.653’S 25°22.620’E, 7–9.II.2001, MT, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 4♂♂ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve, 32°14.990’S 24°55.962’E, 2183 m, 29.X.2009 – 23.II.2010, MT, Karoo Escarpment Grassland, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Februarie Farm (39.9 km 268° W Kirkwood), 33°32.813’S 25°03.091’E, 8.II.2001, sweep, valley bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♂, 1♀ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Februarie Farm (40.2 km 267° W Kirkwood), 33°33.124’S 25°03.043’E, 10–17.II.2001, valley bushveld (non-trashed), H.G. Robertson & R. Tourle leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, Winkler, valley bushveld (goat trashed), 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 10.II.2001, sweep, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 10–12.II.2001, MT, VB01-R1N-M22, Val- ley bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 18m ♂ # (SAMC); same locality label, 14–16.II.2001, M54, 16♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–14.II.2001, M36, 14♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 8–10.II.2001, M08, 10♂♂ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Blauwe Krans Farm (12.8 km 216° SW Kirkwood), 33°30.747’S 25°24.644’E, 7–9.II.2001, MT, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 9–11.II.2001, 1♂ (SAMC); Eastern Cape, Winterberg, The Hoek Farm, 32°21.260’S 26°23.001’E, 1879 m, 6.X.2010 – 18.I.2011, MT, Amathole Mistbelt Grassland, S. van Noort leg., WTB09-GRA1-M05, 1♀ (SAMC); KwaZulu-Natal, Drakensberg, Cathedral Peak area, Tryme Hill, 1540 m, on Protea caffra, plot No 1, 30.VI.1989, Pajor István leg., 1♂ (SAMC); KwaZulu- Natal, Drakensberg, Cathedral Peak area, Tarn Hill, 1570 m, on Protea caffra, plot No 2, 8.V.1989, Pajor István leg., 1♂ (SAMC); KwaZulu-Natal, Giant’s Castle Game Reserve (FSCA); KwaZulu-Natal, Umlalazi Nature Reserve, 1.5 km E of Mtunzini (PMA); KwaZulu-Natal, 75 km SW of Estcourt, Cathedral Peaks Forest Station (CNC); Kwa- Zulu-Natal, South Drakensberg, Sani Pass, 29°37’S 29°23’E, 2–5.III.2004, MT, Kolyada & Mostovski leg., 1♀ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Ferncliff Nature Reserve, 29°33.2’S 30°20.6’E, 850 m, 6–8.IV.2005, YPT,V.Kolyada leg., 4♀♀ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal,Pietermaritzburg,Hilton, 27.IX–13.X.2003, 28.X–12.XI.2003, 15–26.I.2004, MT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♂, 3♀♀ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Ramsgate, Butterfly Sanctuary, 30°53.3’S 30°20.4’E, nr. stream, 9.I–2.II.2005, 27.II–19.III.2005, 20.III–25.IV.2005, M. Mostovski leg., 2♀♀, 3♂♂ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Royal Natal National Park, Gudu Forest, 28°40.90’S 28°55.78’’E, 1680–1730 m, 18.XI.2006 – 27.II.2007, MT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♂ (NMSA); same locality label, 22.IX–17.XI.2006, 1♂ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Eshowe, near Ntumeni Nature Reserve, 28°52.08’S 31°22.41’E, 680 m, 23.II–20.IV.2007, MT, Kolyada & Mostovski leg., 1♂ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Winterskloof, 29°34.56’S 30°17.40’E, 1085 m, 20.IV– 1.IX.2007. MT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♀, 3♂♂ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Vernon Crookes Nat. Reserve, 250 m, 30°17.4’S 30°36.9’E, 24.I–10.V.2006, MTr, M. Mostovski leg., 1♀ (NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Cathedral Peak Nat. Reserve, Rainbow Gorge, 28°57.60’S 29°13.61’E, 1480 m, 18.XI.2006 – 26.II.2007, MT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♀, 2♂♂ (NMSA); Mpumalanga, Graskop, 1500 m (PMA); Western Cape, Matjesfontein, 7–13.XI.1928, R. E. Turner leg., 1♂ (NHMUK); same locality label, further specimen (AMNH); Western Cape, De Hoop Nature Reserve, 34°27’S 20°25’E, 0–200 m (ZIL); Western Cape, Mossel Bay, V.1921, VIII.1921, R. E. Turner leg., 2♀♀ (NHMUK); Western Cape, Hermanus, Fernkloof Nature Reserve, Mosselberg, 60 m, 12.III.1995, MT, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.VI–22.VII.1995, 1♀, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Cape Town, Tokai State Forest, Constantiaberge, above Donkerboskloof, 34°02’S 18°23.5’E, 460 m, 27.VIII–5.IX.1993, MT, Mountain Fynbos on Sandstone, near stream, bracken present, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 1.VI.1995, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, near stream, sweep, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 10.V–1.VI.1995, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, P. coronata dominated, MT, site 2, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Walker Bay Nature Re- serve, 34°27.41’S 19°21.39’E, 4.X–1.XI.1997, YPT, S. van Noort & B. Fisher leg., 1♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same local- ity label, 11.VIII–6.IX.1997, S. van Noort leg., 39♂♂, 7♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 9.VIII–6.IX.1997, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 7♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, IX–XII.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 9♀♀, 17♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 17–31.V.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 26♀♀, 73♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 17.V– 14.VI.1997, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (CAS); same locality label, 6.IX–4.X.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 5♂♂ (CAS); Western Cape, Walker Bay Nature Reserve, 34°27.414’’S 19°21.393’E, 28.XII.1997 – 21.III.1998, MT, South Coast Strandveld, 57 m, S. van Noort leg., 7♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 21.II.1998, sweep, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 29.XI.1997, sweep, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 4.X.1997, sweep, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.V.1998, sweep, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 14.VI.1997, sweep, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 14.VI.1997, sweep, 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 18.IV–16.V.1998, 6♂♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 21.II–21.III.1998, 5♂♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, Cape Peninsula Nature Reserve, Cape Good Hope, 34°14’S 18°23’E, pitfall trap, 27.II–21.III.1999, E. Parker leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve, Booi se Skerm, 34°18.27’S 18°27.64’E, 24.II.1998, sweep, strandveld, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park, 34°02’S 23°53’E, XI–XII.1995, MT, M. Söderlund leg., 2♂♂ (MZLU); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°57’817’’S 18°06’837’’E (4 km 280° E Langebaanweg), 16–23.X.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 18–25.IX.2002, 19♂♂, 4♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–9.X.2002, 25♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 9–16.X.2002, 1♀, 30♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 11–18.IX.2002, 35♂♂, 11♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 23–30.X.2002, 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 4–11.IX.2002, 22♂♂, 8♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 25.IX– 2.X.2002, 21♂♂, 4♀♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°58’098’’S 18°07’244’’E (3 km 280° W Langebaanweg), 11–18.IX.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°58’020’’S 18°07’285’’E (3 km 280° W Langebaanweg), 23–30.X.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16–23.X.2002, 1♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°57’512’’S 18°06’728’’E (4 km 290° E Langebaanweg), 2–9.X.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 23–30.X.2002, 1♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 9–16.X.2002, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–19.XI.2003, 1♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 6– 13.XI.2002, LW02-R7-M140, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°57’402’’S 18°05’438’’E (5.5 km 290° W Langebaanweg), 11–18.IX.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°58’156’’S 18°05’878’’E (5.5 km 270° W Langebaanweg), 16–23.X.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°58’444’’S 18°06’731’’E (4 km 270° W Langebaanweg), 11–18.IX.2002, MT, fynbos dominated by Lebeckia, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°58.483’S 18°06.884’E (4 km 270° W Langebaanweg), 11–18.IX.2002, MT, fynbos on Lymestone, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Langberg Farm, 32°58’461’’S 18°07’344’’E (3 km 270° E Langebaanweg), 27.XI–4.XII.2002, MT, sand plain fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 25.IX–2.X.2002, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–9.IV.2003, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 11–18.IX.2002, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 29.I–5.II.2003, 1♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, Langberg Farm (3 km 280° W Langebaanweg), 32°58.045’S 18°07.418’E, 2–9.X.2002, MT, Sand Plain Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 9–16.X.2002, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 11–18.IX.2002, 1♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, Anyskop Farm, 5.5 km 290° W Langebaanweg, 32°57.394’S 18°05.324’E, 25.IX– 2.X.2002, MT, Sand Plain Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Fynbos Estate, Dragonridge, 33°34.092’S 18°47.680’E, 635 m, 2.IV–30.VII.2010, MT, Boland Granite Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 28.IX–28.XII.2010, DRA09-FYN1-M05, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Re- serve, 33°43.745’S 21°56.972’E, 1000 m, 21.III–23.V.2009, MT, Renosterveld, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 19.IX–4.XI.2009, 1♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 19.II–30.III.2010, YPT, GB09- REN 1- Y47, 7♂♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 4.XI.2009 – 19.II.2010, MT, GB09- REN 1-M29, 12♂♂, 14♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, MT, 30.III–24.VII.2010, GB09- REN 1-M39, 41♂♂, 16♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 23.V–31.VII.2009, 2♂♂, 3♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 19.II–30.III.2010, GB09- REN 1-M33, 15♂♂, 4♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 24.VII–1.X.2010, YPT, GB09- REN 1-Y65, 16♂♂, 7♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 24.VII–4.X.2010, MT, GB09- REN 1-M45, 15♂♂, 7♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, YPT, 4.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, GB09- REN 1-Y65, 16♂♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, MT, 4.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, GB09- REN 1- M51, 17♂♂, 3♀♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33°44.090’S 21°55.654’E, 997 m, 30.III– 24.VII.2010, YPT, Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 30.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, MT, GB09-FYN2-M53, 1♂ (MOLC); same locality label, 24.VII–4.X.2010, GB09-FYN2- Y69, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 24.VII–4.X.2010, MT, GB09-FYN2-M47, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 4.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, GB09-FYN2-Y77, 1♀ (SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33°39.504’S 21°53.947’E, 322 m, 30.III–24.VII.2010, MT, Gamka Thicket, S. van Noort leg., GB09-SUC4-M38, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Kogelberg Nature Researve, 34°16.481’S 19°01.033’E, 16.V–16.VI.1999, MT, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, last burnt c. 1978, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.III–16.IV.1999, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.II–16.III.1999, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.XI–16.XII.1998, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.I–16.II.1999, 2♀♀, 1♂ (SAMC); Western Cape, Koeberg Nature Reserve, 33°37’622’’S 18°24’259’’E, 20.III–17.IV.1998, MT, West Coast Strandeveld, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 13.VI–11.VII.1997, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 5.IX–3.X.1997, 1♂, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 8.VIII–5.IX.1997, 3♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 3–31.X.1997, 3♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 28.XI– 27.XII.1997, 10♂♂, 3♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 23.I–20.II.1998, 2♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 31.X– 28.XI.1997, 3♀♀, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 11.VII–8.VIII.1997, 2♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 27.XII.1997 – 23.I.1998, 11♂♂, 5♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 17.IV–15.V.1998, 3♀♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 20.III–17.IV.1998, 3♀♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 20.II–20.III.1998, 4♀♀, 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 16.V–13.VI.1997, 3♂♂, 4♀♀ (SAMC). TANZANIA: Arusha Region, Arusha (HNHM); Tanga Re- gion, West Usambara Mountains, near Lushoto, 1850 m, 04°44.00’S 38°16.06’E, 30.IV.1996, sweep, mk41, margins & undergrowth, Wet Montane Forest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); Tanga Region, Mkomazi Game Reserve, Kikolo Plot, 04°06.72’S 38°01.37’E, 2.V.1996, Sweep, mk43, Cordia, Solanum shrubs & grasses in Commiphora woodland, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Tanga Region, Mkomazi Game Reserve, Ibaya Camp, NW side, 03°57.91’S 37°48.09’E, 28.XI.1995, Sweep, mk9, Acacia / Commiphora / Combretum bushland, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC). TOGO: Plateaux Region, Zogbégan, 07°34.50’N 00°40.03’E, 650 m, 20–25.IV.2008, M. von Tschirn- haus leg., 1♂ (MTC). UGANDA: Western Region, Kabarole District, Kibale Forest, Kanywara (RNHL); Western Region, Kabarole District, Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.405’N 30°21.646’E, 1484 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, MT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 00°33.891’N 30°21.468’E, 1506 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, 1♀, 5♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 00°35.442’N 30°21.741’E, 1465 m, 10.VIII.2008, sweep, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 7♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.871’S 30°21.355’E, 1495 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, MT, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.408’S 30°22.603’E, 1587 m, MT, degraded mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–12.VIII.2008, 0°33.784’S 30°22.617’E, 1500 m, MT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 11♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–26.VIII.2008, 0°33.823’S 30°21.490’E, 1505 m, MT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–12.VIII.2008, 0°33.836’S 30°21.700’E, 1523 m, MT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 3♂♂ (SAMC); Western Region, Kasese Dis- trict, Ruwenzori Range, Misigo, 8550 ft., 2–3.VIII.1952, D.S. Fletcher leg., 3♂♂ (NHMUK, BPBM). ZIMBA- BWE: Harare (=Salisbury), Chishawasha, VI.1978, A. Watsham leg., 1♂ (NHMUK); Harare, Saint Ignatius, V.1990, MT, A. Watsham leg., 1♀ (PMA). YEMEN: Sana’a, I.1993, MT, A. van Harten leg., 1♂ (MOLC); same locality label, 2.III.1998, MT, 3♀♀ (MOLC); same locality label, X.1998, pitfall-trap, 1♀ (MOLC); Ta’izz, X.1999, light trap, A. van Harten & A. Awad leg., 1♀ (MOLC); same locality label, V–VI.2000, A. van Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi leg., 1♀ (MOLC); same locality label, VI.2002, A. van Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi leg., 1♀ (MOLC); Lahj, III.2001, MT, A. van Harten & A. Sallam leg. (MOLC); Al-Kowd, 1–5.IX.2001, I–III.2003, light trap, A. van Harten & S. Al Haruri leg., 2♂♂ (MOLC); Al Kadan, I.2003, light trap, A. van Harten & T. Abdul Haq leg., 2♂♂ (MOLC); W Ye- men, 20 Km NW Dhawran, 14°40’N 44°13’E, 1800 m, 29.X.2005, J. Halada leg., 1♀ (OLL).

Hosts. Typhlocybinae (Cicadellidae) (Guglielmino et al. 2013): in North Sudan: Jacobiasca lybica (Bergevin & Zanon); in Somalia: Jacobiella facialis (Jacobi) .

Distribution. Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, North Sudan, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe.