IV. Subfamily Bocchinae Richards, 1939

Bocchini Richards 1939: 189; Muesebeck & Walkley 1951: 1039; Nagy 1967: 334.

Bocchinae Olmi 1984: 599; 1993a: 193; 1993c: 46; 1995b: 502; 1999: 152; Olmi & Bechly 2001: 41; He & Xu 2002: 237; Olmi & Virla 2006: 408; Virla & Olmi 2008: 370; Xu et al. 2013: 223; Olmi & Virla 2014: 206; Olmi & Xu 2015: 116; Olmi et al. 2016: 71.

Type genus. Bocchus Ashmead 1893, designated by Olmi (1984).

Diagnosis. ♀ (Figs 100A, B): fully winged (Figs 100A, B); occasionally brachypterous or micropterous or apterous; occipital carina complete; ocelli present; mandible with one, two, three or four teeth (Figs 8A, B, C, D); quadridentate mandible usually with three large teeth and one rudimentary tooth between two posterior teeth (Fig. 8B); rarely quadridentate mandible with teeth becoming regularly progressively larger from dorsal to ventral tooth (as in Fig. 6B); palpal formula 6/3; antenna without tufts of long setae and without ADOs; pronotal tubercle present; epicnemium not visible, because lateral regions of prothorax continuous with mesopleura (as in Fig. 7C); forewing of fully winged specimens with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R and 1Cu) (Figs 100A, B); forewing with 2r-rs&Rs vein (Figs 100A, B); rarely 2r-rs&Rs vein absent; pterostigma of fully winged specimens present (Fig. 100B), often very reduced (Fig. 100A); protarsus chelate (Figs 100A, B); chela with rudimentary claw (Fig. 101A); protrochanter short and slightly longer than broad; tibial spurs 1/1/1, or 1/1/2. ♂ (Figs 100C, D): fully winged (Figs 100C, D), rarely micropterous (Fig. 107E) or apterous ( Mystrophorus apterus Ponomarenko, not present in the Afrotropical region); occipital carina complete; mandible with one, two, three or four teeth (Figs 8A, B, C, D); quadridentate mandible usually with three large teeth and one rudimentary tooth between two posterior teeth (Fig. 8B); palpal formula 6/3; epicnemium invisible, because lateral regions of prothorax continuous with mesopleura (Fig. 7C); in fully winged specimens forewing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R and 1Cu) (Figs 100C, D); in fully winged specimens forewing with 2r-rs&Rs vein (Figs 100C, D); pterostigma present (Figs 100C, D); tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Caliscelidae, Tropiduchidae, Cicadellidae (except Idiocerinae, Macropsinae and Typhlocybinae) (Guglielmino et al. 2013).

World species. 112 species are known, 33 in the Afrotropical region.

World genera. Three genera are known, one in the Afrotropical region.

Remarks. The following genera have not been recorded from the Afrotropical region: Mystrophorus Förster 1856 (Western Palaearctic) and Mirodryinus Ponomarenko 1972 (Western Palaearctic). Larvae of Mystrophorus were described by Guglielmino & Bückle (2010).