10. Leiodes toyoshimai sp. nov.

Japanese name: Tsumebuto-ô-tamakinokomushi (Figs. 33–35, 112)

Type locality. Japan, Honshu, Gifu Pref., Shirakawa Village, Ô–shirakawa.

Type material. JAPAN: HONSHU: HOLOTYPE, ♂, Gifu Pref., Shirakawa Village, Ô–shirakawa, 31.vii.2004, K. Toyoshima leg. (FIT) (MNHAH). PARATYPES, 1♂, 5♀♀, same data as holotype (FUFJ) ; 2♀♀, same data as holotype except for the date, 24.vii.2004 (FUFJ); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype except for the date, 8.viii.2004 (FUFJ); 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype except for the date, 22.viii.2004 (FUFJ); 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Saitama Pref., Ohtaki Village, Nakatsukawa-keikoku, Oku-Chichibu-rindô (alt. 1300 m), 30.vii.–7.viii.2004, K. Arai & S. Arai leg. (FIT) (FUFJ) ; 1 ♀, Saitama Pref., Naguri Village, Mt. Arimayama (alt. 1200 m), 17.–24.vii.2004, K. Arai and S. Arai leg. (FIT) (FUFJ) ; 1 ♂, Kanagawa Pref., Hakone Town, Ôwakudani, 17.-27.viii.2007, T. Watanabe leg. (FUFJ) ; 1 ♂, Ishikawa Pref., Mts. Hakusan, Sarukabe-entei, 2.–22.viii.2002, H. Hoshina leg. (FIT) (FUFJ) ; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Tokushima Pref., Higashi-iyayama Village, Nagoro, Otome-dani Valley, 5.–12.viii.2006, K. Tanaka leg. (FUFJ) .

Diagnosis. Body 2.9–3.5 mm long, ca. 1.8× as long as wide. Dorsum brown. Each elytron with nine distinct rows of punctures and subhumeral row as long as ca. 1/4 of elytral length. Mesoventrite with one distinct excavation between median carina and transverse carina. Median carina of mesoventrite low. Mesotibiae showing distinct sexual dimorphism. Male metafemora a little curved posteriad at posterior margins. Tarsomeres 2 and 3 of male protarsi and mesotarsi extremely expanded. Male metatibiae feebly curved inwards. Female abdominal sternite 8 with two distinct projections on anterior margin.

Description. Measurements of holotype: Body length 3.2 mm; head 0.47 mm in length and 0.87 mm in width; pronotum 1.0 mm in length and 1.6 mm in width; elytra 1.9 mm in length and 1.8 mm in width.

Coloration. Dorsum shining and almost unicolor, brown; antennomere 1 light brown; antennomeres 2–6 and 8 brown; antennomeres 7, 9, 10, and basal 2/3 of antennomere 11 blackish dark brown; apical 1/3 of antennomere 11 light brown; legs brownish; tarsi often light brown; mesoventrite and metaventrite brown; abdominal ventrites slightly paler than metaventrite.

Body 2.9–3.5 mm in length, ca. 1.8× as long as wide.

Head ca. 1.8× as wide as long, ca. 0.48× as long as and 0.54× as wide as pronotum, densely and minutely punctate (Fig. 33A), usually bearing some large punctures (Fig. 33A); antennomeres 1–3 each longer than wide; antennomeres 4 and 11 about as long as wide; remaining antennomeres each wider than long; antennomere 11 robust (Fig. 33C); relative lengths of antennomeres 2 to 11 – 3.5: 3.7: 1.5: 1.5: 1.3: 2.7: 1.0: 3.8: 3.6: 3.7.

Pronotum ca. 1.6× as wide as long, ca. 0.51× as long as and 0.91× as wide as elytra, widest near base, simply and very feebly curved at posterior margin, distinctly and minutely punctate, punctation similar to that on head (Fig. 33A).

Scutellum minutely punctate.

Elytra ca. 1.1× as long as wide in dorsal view, widest ca. at basal 1/4 (Fig. 33A), not transversely strigose; each elytron bearing nine rows of punctures with small number of large punctures and dense very fine punctures between rows (Fig. 33E); row 9 invisible in dorsal view, subhumeral row as long as ca. 1/4 of elytral length (Fig. 33B); elytral rows composed of coarse or minute punctures, larger than those of pronotum (Fig. 33A); sutural stria fine, arising from apex to ca. apical half of the elytral length.

Metathoracic wings fully developed.

Mesoventrite strongly microreticulate, impunctate, almost glabrous, and with one distinct excavation between median carina and transverse carina (Fig. 33F); median carina of mesoventrite low (Fig. 33F); metaventrite showing indistinct sexual dimorphism, sparsely pubescent, and distinctly microreticulate except for almost smooth middle portion.

Legs showing distinct sexual dimorphism on protarsi, protibiae, mesotarsi, metafemora, and metatibiae; mesotibiae showing indistinct sexual dimorphism; metafemur robust, with small dorsal posteroapical projection (Figs. 34I, 34J).

Male. Metaventrite with relatively robust pubescence around middle portion (Fig. 33G); protibiae gradually and strongly widening from base towards apex at internal margins (Fig. 34G); tarsomeres 2–4 of protarsi and mesotarsi expanded and tarsomeres 2 and 3 extremely broadened (Figs. 34A, 34C); mesotibiae relatively strongly broadening from base towards apex (Fig. 34C); metafemora a little curved posteriad at posterior margins (Fig. 34E); metatibiae feebly curved inwards (Fig. 34E); abdominal sternite 8 strongly curved (Fig. 35D); aedeagus relatively robust (Figs. 35A, 35B); median lobe triangular at apex in dorsal view (Fig. 35A), strongly curved and pointed apically in lateral view (Fig. 35B); each paramere bearing two apical setae and transparent very small lobe at apex (Fig. 35A); inner sac with some large sclerites (Figs. 35A, 35C).

Female. Metaventrite with relatively thin pubescence (Fig. 33H); protibiae gradually and very feebly widening from base towards apex at internal margins (Fig. 34H); protarsi and mesotarsi slender (Figs. 34B, 34D); mesotibiae relatively weakly broadening from base towards apex (Fig. 34D); metafemora almost straight at posterior margins (Fig. 34F); metatibiae almost straight (Fig. 34F); abdominal sternite 8 with two projections at anterior margin (Fig. 35E); coxites and stylus as shown in Fig. 35F.

Differential diagnosis. Leiodes toyoshimai sp. nov. is similar to L. koreana in elytral appearance, but can be distinguished from the latter by having a relatively small body (2.9–3.5 mm), mesoventrite with a distinct excavation between the median carina and transverse carina (Fig. 33F), and male protarsi and mesotarsi with extremely expanded tarsomeres 2 and 3 (Figs. 34A, 34C). In contrast, L. koreana has a relatively large body (3.2–4.4 mm), mesoventrite with a shallow excavation (Fig. 27E) and tarsomeres 2 and 3 of male protarsi and mesotarsi moderately expanded (Fig. 28A). Leiodes toyoshimai sp. nov. is also similar to L. dubia (Kugelann, 1794) inhabiting Europe and the Russian Far East by having a robust body, but can be separated from it by having a relatively robust aedeagus (Fig. 35A). In contrast, L. dubia has a slender aedeagus.

Etymology. This species is dedicated to Mr. Kentarô Toyoshima, who kindly gave me many valuable specimens of Leiodes used in this study.

Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Saitama, Kanagawa, Gifu, and Ishikawa Prefectures) and Shikoku (Tokushima Prefecture).