Diploderma polygonatum polygonatum Hallowell, 1861
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12, 1860 [1861]: 490
Holotype: USNM 12203, Amakarima, Riu Kiu Islands, coll. J. Rodgers, Apr. 1855
Type locality: Kerama shima (= Kerama Retto Islands, near Okinawa Island), Japan
Remarks: Diploderma p. polygonatum is the type species of the genus Diploderma Hallowell, 1861
Diploderma polygonatum xanthostoma (Ota, 1991) see Japalura polygonata xanthostoma Ota, 1991
Diploderma slowinskii (Rao, Vindum, Ma, Fu & Wilkinson, 2017) see Japalura slowinskii Rao, Vindum, Ma, Fu & Wilkinson, 2017
Diploderma splendidum (Barbour & Dunn, 1919) see Japalura splendida Barbour & Dunn, 1919 and Japalura ngoclinensis Ananjeva, Orlov & Nguyen, 2017
Diploderma swinhonis (Günther, 1864) see Japalura swinhonis Günther, 1864, Japalura swinhonis formosensis Liang & Wang, 1976 and Japalura mitsukurii Stejneger, 1898
Diploderma varcoae (Boulenger, 1918) see Acanthosaura varcoae Boulenger, 1918
Diploderma vela (Wang, Jiang, Pan, Hou, Siler & Che, 2015) see Japalura vela Wang, Jiang, Pan, Hou, Siler & Che, 2015
Diploderma yulongense (Manthey, Denzer, Hou & Wang, 2012) see Japalura yulongensis Manthey, Denzer, Hou & Wang, 2012
Diploderma yunnanense (Anderson, 1878) see Japalura yunnanensis Anderson, 1878
Diploderma zhaoermii (Gao & Hou, 2002) see Japalura zhaoermii Gao & Hou, 2002