Astatometopon sakakibarai sp. nov.

(Figs 1–32)

Type locality. Chile, Malleco prov., Nahuelbuta Mts., Vegas Blancas, Los Corrales, 37°48′S, 72° 56′W, 950 m a.s.l.

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁ (brachypterous), “ CHILE, [ARAUCANÍA REG.] MALLECO PROV., / Nahuelbuta, Vegas Blancas, / Los Corrales, 37°48’S. 72° / 56’W., 950 m., 25-26.I.2017, / J.F. Campodonico leg., / sweep netting // HOLOTYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC) . PARATYPES: 9 ♁♁ 6 ♀♀, same data as holotype, except for “ PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀ brachypterous, 1 ♁ macropterous and 1 ♀ submacropterous; MEUC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀ brachypterous; MLPA: 1 ♁ 1 ♀ brachypterous; UDCC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀ brachypterous, 1 ♁ macropterous; JCSC: 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀ brachypterous, 1 ♁ macropterous) ; 1 ♁ (brachypterous) “ CHILE, [ARAUCANÍA REG.] MALLECO PROV., / Nahuelbuta, Vegas Blancas, / 37°50’S. 72°57’W., 1150 m., / 24-25.I.2017, / J.F.Campodonico leg., / sweep netting // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (JCSC) ; 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀, “ CHILE, [ARAUCANÍA REG.] MALLECO PROV., / Nahuelbuta, ~ 8 km W Angol, / 37°49’S. 72°48’W., 850 m., / 26.I.2017, / J.F. Campodonico leg., / sweep netting // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC: 1♁ brachypterous; JCSC: 1♁ brachypterous 1♀ macropterous) ; 2♁♁ (brachypterous and macropterous) 1♀ (macropterous), “ CHILE: IX. LA ARAUCANÍA REGION [MALLECO PROVINCE] / PN Nahuelbuta, Pehuenco 26- / 29.xi.2013, campsite CH12b / 37°49.8’S 73°0.4’W; 1125 m / Fikáček, Kment & Vondráček lgt.// margins of Nothophagus [sic] forest / and secondary grassland,swee- / ping of vegetation // Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (NMPC) ; 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀ (brachypterous), “ CHILE / Nahuelbuta / [REG. ARAUCANÍA] PROV. MALLECO / 14-XII-1992 / Leg. J.E. Barriga // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC) ; 1♁ (brachypterous) 1 ♀ (macropterous), “ CHILE / Nahuelbuta / [REG. ARAUCANÍA] PROV. MALLECO / 2-II-1993 / Leg. J.E. Barriga // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC) ; 1 ♀ (brachypterous), “ CHILE / [REG. ARAUCANÍA] PROV. MALLECO / Paso Pino / Hachado / 14 dic. 1994 [14-XII-1992] / Leg. JE. Barriga // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC) ; 2 ♁♁ 8 ♀♀ (brachypterous), “ CHILE, [BÍO BÍO REG.] ARAUCO PROV., / Nahuelbuta, Caramavida, / 37°48’S. 73°05’W., 1000 m., / 8-9.X.2016, / J.F. Campodonico leg., / sweep netting // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC: 1♁ 4♀♀; JCSC: 1 ♁ 4 ♀♀) ; 3 ♁♁ 3 ♀♀ (brachypterous), “ CHILE / REGIÓN DEL BÍO BÍO / PROV. ÑUBLE / Los Sauces / 11.I.2015 / Leg. Campodonico // Chile / 36°37’S. / 71°14’W. / 1300-2000 m. / Arrastre de red // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (MNNC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀, JCSC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀; UDCC: 1 ♁ 1 ♀) ; 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀ (brachypterous), “ CHILE, O’HIGGINS REG., / CACHAPOAL PROV., Coya, / Cajón del río Las leñas / 34°24’S. 70°12’W. 2130 m. / 10.II.2016 / Leg. J.F. Campodonico // PARATYPE / Astatometopon / sakakibarai / Campodonico, 2017 ” (JCSC) .

Description. Measurements. Body length (excluding wings): male 2.2 (2.2–2.3; N=5); female 2.5 (2.4–2.7; N=5). Total length (including wings): brachypterous male 2.5 (2.4–2.7; N=5); brachypterous female 2.7 (2.5–2.9; N=5); submacropterous female 3.3 (N=1); macropterous male 3.9 (3.7–4.2; N=3); macropterous female 3.9 (3.8–3.9; N=2). Body width: male 0.8 (0.8–0.9; N=5); female 0.9 (0.8–0.9; N=5).

Coloration (Figs 1–11). Dorsal side of head and thorax fulvous to brown (dark brown to blackish in macropterous specimens), medially paler; foveolae of head and pronotum and pair of lateral markings on mesonotum dark (brown to black). Ventral side of head and inferior side of genae dark brown (usually blackish in macropterous specimens), carinae of eumetope and clypeus, and median fringe of eumetope (intercarinal space) pale. Legs fulvous to brown with dark longitudinal stripes. Forewings with brown tonalities, slightly darkened at end of veins and in clavus (the last feature in macropterous specimens), veins brownish, margin (including costa) whitish. Abdomen dark brown to black with lighter parts medially and laterally (orange in males and light brown in females).

Head (Figs 1–11). Macrocoryphe with length of about three fifths of basal width; basal width inconspicuously narrower than anterior one, about two fifths of total head width; cells of coryphe and areolet with rounded foveolae. Eyes (Fig. 3), in lateral view, oblong, height of about five sevenths of length, notch slightly surpassing inferior third of its height. Ocelli (Fig. 3) adjacent to eyes. Genae (Figs 3, 6–11) bearing row of thin setae. Eumetope (Figs 6–11) rough, with maximum width in second fifth from superior side, about three fourths of its length; a median fringe normally enclosed (Fig. 6) by paired carinae (meeting near frontoclypeal suture), paired carinae sometimes absent (Figs 7–9), eventually reduced to single carina (Figs 10–11); paired or single median carinae fading at fastigium. Clypeus (Figs 6–11) with basal width of about two thirds of its length. Rostrum with last segment the widest. Antennae with pedicel nearly twice longer than scape.

Thorax (Figs 1–2, 4–5). Pronotum (Figs 1–2, 4–5) with pair of rounded foveolae on disc; anterior margin straight, width of about two fifths of posterior width; posterior margin bisinuate, medially broadly concave; median length of about fifth of posterior width; posterior width slightly narrower than head. Mesonotum (Figs 1–2, 4–5) with length from posterior margin of pronotum to its apex of about four sevenths of its width. Tegulae short.

Wings (Figs 1–5, 12–13). Forewings of brachypterous specimens surpassing abdomen in males, rarely in females (Figs 1–4). Venation (Figs 12–13) with nodal line in apical third; vein ScP+R branched into ScP+RA and RP; ScP+RA frequently unbranched in brachypterous specimens (Fig. 13, dotted line); RP unbranched but fused for short distance with MP, then separated; ir crossvein little distad of fusion of RP and MP, enclosing outer subapical cell, frequently absent in brachypterous specimens (Fig. 13, dotted line); MP normally unbranched; crossvein m-cu little basad of fusion of RP with MP and little basad or at level of branching of CuA

1; CuA branched near level of fork of ScP+RA; vein CuA

1 branched; crossvein between CuA 1b and CuA 2, little basad or at level of crossvein between CuA 2 and CuP (icu), enclosing inner subapical cell; sometimes (in brachypterous specimens) CuA

2 ending at end of CuP.

Legs (Figs 14–15). Apex of metatibiae (Figs 14–15) with three outer and two inner teeth; teeth larger to smaller from outermost to innermost, outermost tooth more separated from others; inner teeth smaller than outer teeth, of about same length, in form of truncate lobes with apiculum (Fig. 15); lobe produced innermost of apex of tibiae reaching level of inner teeth (Fig. 15). Calcar (Fig. 14) greater than two thirds of length of metabasitarsus; fore margin basally angled, then smoothly curved; hind margin curved near apex and base; apical tooth present, usually reduced. Metabasitarsi (Fig. 14) near half of length of metatibiae; apex with five outer and two inner teeth; outer teeth slightly and gradually reducing its size from outer- to innermost; inner teeth of about same size, positioned distad of outer teeth. Second metatarsomere (Fig. 14) about half as long as metabasitarsus; apex with four teeth in regular row.

Male abdomen. Sternum I (Fig. 16) with apodemes as short obtuse lobes. Pygofer (Figs 17–18) about twice higher than long in lateral view (Fig. 18); dorsal concavity of posterior margin broad and surpassing middle length of dorsal surface (in dorsal view); median irregular ridge on diaphragm; armature of diaphragm as concave projection, near level of middle of pygofer height; median ridge produced ventrad and acutely onto foramen; foramen small, with ventral margin convex. Segment X (Figs 19–21) short; in dorsal view (Fig. 20) subtrapezoidal, posterior width of about two thirds of basal width; length of about third of basal width (Fig. 20) and two thirds of height (in lateral view, Fig. 21), ventrally not sclerotized; pair of caudoventral spines initially converging, then diverging laterad (Fig. 19). Segment XI (Figs 19–21) with shaft of about four thirds of length of segment X. Phallus (Figs 21–24) with suspensorium projected beyond middle of its length; basal process slightly shorter and at side (left) of main limb, slightly inclined ventrad, distally slightly curved laterad, with tooth on inner side near apex; main limb basally abruptly curved dorsocaudad, then straight up to apex where it is abruptly curved ventrad; apex widened after curvature with gonopore opened laterally (on right), inner margin of apex slightly produced craniad; row of teeth running caudocraniad from lateral side at beginning of apical curvature. Styles (Figs 21, 25–26) short, in caudal view reaching about height of middle of diaphragm, narrowed from outer side in last fourth (Fig. 25); in lateral view (Fig. 26) wide, narrowing dorsad.

Female abdomen. Segment X (Fig. 27) slightly wider basally; length of about two thirds of basal width; slightly higher than long; ventral surface longer than dorsal surface, with posterior margin slightly concave. Segment XI (Fig. 27) longer than segment X. Gonoplacs (Fig. 28) six times longer than wide; apex rounded; dorsal margin entire on distal two thirds. Gonapophyses IX (Fig. 29) serrated caudad in distal three fifths; with about 30 teeth, abruptly reduced and indistinct at apex. Gonapophyses VIII (Figs 30–31) longitudinally wrinkled; wrinkles turning onto transverse striae at apex. Gonocoxa VIII (Fig. 32) about four times longer than wide; basal angle sharply acute.

Etymology. This species is named after entomologist Albino M. Sakakibara.

Host plant. Unknown. The type series was collected in herbaceous stratum in open habitats; in Los Corrales, Caramavida, near Angol and Los Sauces it was dominated by tufted grasses.

Distribution. Chile: O’Higgins, Bío Bío and Araucanía regions in the Andes and Nahuelbuta mountain ranges.