Identification key to the males of Bryopharsos

1. Gonostyli bifurcate .................................................................... B. bifidum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Gonostyli not bifurcate, digitiform ................................................................................................... 2

2. Surstyli with one tenaculum (Fig. 13B–C) ....................................................................................... 3

– Surstyli with two to seven tenacula (Figs 2C, 3A–D) ...................................................................... 6

3. Eye bridge with five facet rows (as in Figs 19A); gonocoxal lobes with additional enlarged lobes (Fig. 19B); aedeagus blade-like (Fig. 19B); parameres clavate (Fig. 19B) ........................................ ................................................................................................. B. paulistensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019

– Eye bridge with three or four facet rows (as in Fig. 6A); other characters variable ......................... 4

4. Eye bridge with three facet rows; gonostyli curved outwards (as in Fig. 13B, D); aedeagus digitiform and curved outwards (as in Fig. 13B, D) ................................... B. curvum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Eye bridge with four facet rows (Fig. 15A); gonostyli curved inwards; aedeagus variable ............. 5

5. Aedeagus hook-shaped (Fig. 24B); paramere wide and triangular .................................................... .................................................................................................. B. uncinatum Bravo & Araújo, 2019

– Aedeagus digitiform (as in Figs 15B, 16A); paramere digitiform (as in Figs 15B, 16A) .................. .............................................................................................. B. insperatum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

6. Surstyli with three to seven apical tenacula (Fig. 2C) ...................................................................... 8

– Surstyli with only two apical tenacula (Figs 5, 8C, 9B) ................................................................... 7

7. Aedeagus digitiform, (Figs 4C, 5); paramere digitiform, longer than the aedeagus (Figs 4C, 5); some specimens present two tenacula on one surstylus and three on the other (as in Figs 4C, 5) .............. ......................................................................................... B. asymmetricum Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Aedeagus digitiform with a rounded apex (Figs 8B, 9A); paramere digitiform, shorter than the aedeagus (Figs 8B, 9A); specimens always with two tenacula on each of the surstyli (Figs 8B, 9A) ................................................................................................ B. bitenacula Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

8. Surstyli with four to seven apical tenacula (Fig. 20B) ................................................................... 10

– Surstyli with only three apical tenacula (Fig. 22C) .......................................................................... 9

9. Aedeagus digitiform, curved (Fig. 22B, D), longer than paramere; surstyli with apical tenacula closely together (Fig. 22C) ............................................................. B. tetracanthus Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Aedeagus digitiform, straight (Fig. 23A), shorter than paramere; surstyli with apical tenacula separated, two apically and one basally placed (Fig. 23B) .......................................... B. tritaleum Quate, 1996

10. Eye bridge with four facet rows; aedeagus digitiform, straight, about the same length as paramere (Fig. 12B); surstyli with four tenacula (Fig. 12C); tenacula of equal length ...................................... ..................................................................................................................... B. clavigum Quate, 1996

– Eye bridge with four or five facet rows; aedeagus shape variable; length of aedeagus and paramere variable; surstyli with five to seven tenacula (Fig. 20B); tenacula length variable .........................11

11. Aedeagus digitiform, straight; aedeagus shorter than paramere; eye bridge with five face rows; surstyli with three or four apical tenacula (as in Fig. 17C); tenacula of equal length ..................................... .................................................................................................................. B. palpiculum Quate, 1996

– Aedeagus shape variable; length of aedeagus and paramere variable; eye bridge with four facet rows; surstyli with five, six, or seven apical tenacula; tenacula length variable ...................................... 12

12. Aedeagus digitiform (Fig. 21); paramere strongly curved resembling an inverted ʻJʼ (Fig. 21); surstyli with seven tenacula (Fig. 20B); tenacula of the same length ............................................................. ............................................................................................. B. septenacula Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Aedeagus digitiform, straight; surstyli with five or six tenacula; tenacula length variable ............ 13

13. Aedeagus digitiform, broader than the base of the paramere (Fig. 2C, see also Bravo & Araujo 2019: fig. 29); surstyli with five tenacula ................................................................................................. 15

– Aedeagus digitiform, narrower than the base of the paramere (Figs 11A, 14D); surstyli with six tenacula ........................................................................................................................................... 14

14. Hypandrium shorter than aedeagal width; epandrium C-shaped ........................................................ ...................................................................................................... B. chuspi Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

– Hypandrium longer than aedeagal width; epandrium rectangular and not C-shaped ......................... ................................................................................................... B. gorgona Jaume-Schinkel sp. nov.

15. All five tenacula of the same length (Fig. 2C); ejaculatory apodeme shorter than aedeagus ............. ............................................................................................... B. amazonensis Bravo & Araújo, 2019

– Tenacula of different lengths, four tenacula of equal length and one tenaculum shorter than others (Fig. 3C); ejaculatory apodeme about the same length as the aedeagus ............................................. ............................................................................................................ B. claviformosum Quate, 1996